conole hertfordshire
TRANSCRIPT
Contemporary perspectives in e-learning research
Gráinne Conole, University of Leicester University of Hertfordshire
21st March 12012
Outline• The e-learning landscape • Affordances of new technologies• From Gutenberg to Zuckerberg• Learner experience• New pedagogies• Open practices• Teacher practice and paradoxes• Strategies for change
– The VLE as a Trojan horse– New approaches to design
• Metaphors
Emergent technologies and affordances
Resources, OER and Pedagogical Patterns
The e-learning landscape
E-pe
dago
gies
, str
ateg
ies
and
lear
ning
des
ign
Interventions
Theo
ry a
nd m
etho
dolo
gy
Evaluations
Technological trends• Mobiles and e-books• Games-based learning &
learning analytics• Gesture-based learning &
the Internet of things• Personalised learning• Cloud computing• Ubiquitous learning• BYOD (Bring your own device)• Digital content• The flipped classroomhttp://learn231.wordpress.com/2011/10/25/trend-report-1/
User generated content
Peer critiquing
Networked
Collective aggregation
Personalised
Open
Social media revolutionThe machine is us/ing us
www.heacademy.ac.uk/assets/EvidenceNet/Conole_Alevizou_2010.pdf
Gutenberg to Zuckerberg
• Take the long view• The web is not the net• Disruption is a feature• Ecologies not economics• Complexity is the new reality• The network is now the computer• The web is evolving• Copyright or copywrong• Orwell (fear) or Huxley (pleasure)http://www.flickr.com/photos/wallyg/2617472088/
http://memex.naughtons.org/
Disruptive technologies
• Characteristics– No central ownership– Ecology of abundance
• Examples– The web– Napster– Malware
• Technology immersed• Learning approaches: task-
orientated, experiential, just in time, cumulative, social
• Personalised digital learning environment
• Mix of institutional systems and cloud-based tools and services
• Use of course materials with free resources Sharpe, Beetham and De Freitas, 2010
Learner experience
http://www.educause.edu/studentsAndTechnologyInfographic
Reflection Dialogue
Collaboration Application
The essence of learning
Social
Individual
Informal Formal
Information
Experience
A pedagogy framework
Mapping e-Pedagogies to technologies
Pedagogies• Problem-Based Learning (PBL)• Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL)• Didactic (Did)• Reflection (Ref)• Dialogic Learning (Dial)• Collaboration (Collab)• Assessment (Ass)• Communities of Practice (CoP)• IBL – social• User-Generated Content (UGC)
Technologies• Virtual Worlds (VW)• Google• E-Books• Blogs, e-Portfolios• Discussion Forums (DF)• Wikis• MCQs• Google+• Twitter• Youtube
Social
Individual
Informal Formal
Information
Experience
Social
Individual
Informal Formal
PBL/VWDial/forumCollab/Wiki
IBL/TwitterCoP/Google+Dial/Skype
Ref/BlogIBL/GoogleUGC/YouTube
Ref/e-PortfolioDid/e-BookAss/MCQs
Social
Individual
Informal Formal
Information
Experience
Experience
Information
Informal Formal
PBL/VWRef/e-PortfolioDial/Forum
Ref/BlogCoP/Google+Dial/Skype
IBL/TwitterIBL/GoogleUGC/YouTube
Coll/WikiDid/e-BookAss/MCQs
16
Mobile learning
E-booksStudy calendarsLearning resourcesOnline modulesAnnotation toolsCommunication mechanisms Podcasting
The Personal Inquiry projectInquiry-based learning across formal and informal settingsSharples, Scanlon et al.http://www.pi-project.ac.uk
My community
Inquiry-based learning
Virtual genetics lab
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uMMfHZUNpZY&feature=youtu.be
The SWIFT project
Promise and reality
Social and participatory media offer new ways to communicate and collaborate
Wealth of free resources and tools
Not fully exploited
Replicating bad pedagogy
Lack of time and skills
20
Pandora’s box
Open resources Open courses
Open scholarship Open research
Open practices
Open resources
http://www.oer-quality.org/
Open courses
http://mooc.ca/
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eW3gMGqcZQc
MassiveOpen Online Course
• Exploiting the digital network• New forms of dissemination
and communication• Promoting reflective practice• Embracing the affordances of
new technologies
Open scholarship
Weller: http://nogoodreason.typepad.co.uk/
Open research
Citation indicators
Open accreditation
www.p2pu.org/en/
Peer to Peer University
wikieducator.org/OER_university/
OER University
27
•Technologies not extensively used (Molenda)
•Lack of uptake of OER (McAndrew et al.)
•Little use beyond early adopters (Rogers)
•Despite rhetoric and funding little evidence of transformation (Cuban, Ehlers)
Pandora’s box
Teacher practices: paradoxes
The VLE as a Trojan horse
• VLE as a safe nursery slope• Shift from content to
activities• Promote reflection and
collaboration• Mobile VLE• Integration with cloud
computing
Blackboard audit
• Data– Online survey (260 returns)– Departmental visits
• Key findings– Used as content repository and
administration– Pockets of innovation– More support needed on
effective design strategies– Tension between teaching and
research– Usability issue
Blackboard+ at Leicester
BB plus Google+Maths video-lets
Prof-casts
History conundrum Voicethread
Learning Design
Shift from belief-based, implicit approaches to design-
based, explicit approaches
Encourages reflective, scholarly practices
Promotes sharing and discussion
Learning DesignA design-based approach to creation and support of
courses
http://www.open.ac.uk/blogs/OULDI/
ConsolidateEvaluate and embed your design
ConceptualiseWhat do we want to design, who for
and why?
http://beyonddistance.wordpress.com/2012/02/07/carpe-diem-the-7cs-of-design-and-delivery/
Carpe Diem:7Cs of learning Design
How to ruin a course
http://linoit.com/home
Course features
Group A – not includedGroup B – used to some extentGroup C – significantly present
Course map view
Pedagogy profile view
• Assimilative– Reading, viewing, listening
• Information handling– Manipulating data
• Communicative– Dialogic interactions
• Productive– Creating an artefact
• Experiential– Practicing, mimicking
• Adaptive– Modeling or simulation
http://cloudworks.ac.uk/cloud/view/2459
37
Collaboration
Metaphors
EcologiesSpaces
Memes Rhizomeshttp://e4innovation.com/?p=489
Ecologies
• Co-evolution of tools and users
• Niches colonisation of new habitats
• Survival of the fittest
MemesAn internet meme is somethingThat spreads like wildfire on theWeb (Blackmore)
To describe the interactionwith digital technologies
What makes us different Is our ability to imitate
The Internet allows forThe unprecedented Spreading of ideas
Issues in terms of convergence of thought
Spaces
Rhizomes
• A rhizome is a stem of a plant that sends out roots as it spreads. Describes the way that ideas are multiple, interconnected and self-replicating. A rhizome has no beginning or end like a learning process
http://davecormier.com/edblog/2011/11/05/rhizomatic-learning-why-learn/
MSc in Learning Innovation
Technology-Enhanced Learning
Learning Design
Research Design and Methods
Case Studies of Innovation
Dissertation
28 – 30th March 2012
http://www2.le.ac.uk/departments/beyond-distance-research-alliance/festival
Conole, G. (forthcoming), Designing for learning in an open world, New York: SpringerChapters available on dropbox