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Conservation Management Zones of AustraliaNorth Australian Tropical Savanna
Prepared by the Department of the Environment
Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
AcknowledgementsThis project and its associated products are the result of collaboration between the Department of the Environment’s Biodiversity Conservation Division and the Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN). Invaluable input, advice and support were provided by staff and leading researchers from across the Department of Environment (DotE), Department of Agriculture (DoA), the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and the academic community. We would particularly like to thank staff within the Wildlife, Heritage and Marine Division, Parks Australia and the Environment Assessment and Compliance Division of DotE; Nyree Stenekes and Robert Kancans (DoA), Sue McIntyre (CSIRO), Richard Hobbs (University of Western Australia), Michael Hutchinson (ANU); David Lindenmayer and Emma Burns (ANU); and Gilly Llewellyn, Martin Taylor and other staff from the World Wildlife Fund for their generosity and advice.
Special thanks to CSIRO researchers Kristen Williams and Simon Ferrier whose modelling of biodiversity patterns underpinned identification of the Conservation Management Zones of Australia.
Image CreditsFront Cover: Mornington Sanctuary in the Kimberley, North-Western Austraila – EcopixPage 4: Torrent Tree Frog (Litoria nannotis) – Alexander DudleyPage 10: Saltwater crocodile on a riverbank (Crocodylus porosus) – DjambalawaPage 22: Yellow Waters in Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory – Nicole MiddletonPage 26: Barramundi Gorge in Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory – Ellenor Argyropoulos, Tourism AustraliaPage 28: Northern Quoll (Dasyurus hallucatus) – Eric VanderduysPage 29: Black-footed Wallaby (Petrogale lateralis) at Lake Argyle, East Kimberley – Tourism Western AustrailaPage 30: Greater Bilby (Macrotis lagotis) – Margarita Steinhardt/The Wildlife DiariesPage 34: Magpie Goose (Anseranas semipalmata) at Fogg Dam, Northern Territory – DjambalawaPage 36: Rock art at Mt Borradaile, Arnhem Land, Northern Territory – James Fisher, Tourism AustraliaPage 41: Dingo, the Kimberley – Georgina Steytler, www.wildandendangered.com.auPage 45: Gouldian Finch (Erythrura gouldiae) – Dave WattsPage 46: Eucalyptus woodlands with tussock grass, Keep River National Park, Northern Territory – Allan FoxPage 47: Tropical Eucalyptus forests and woodlands, the Kimberley, Western Australia – Nicole MiddletonPage 48: Eucalyptus woodlands with hummock grass, Purnululu National Park, Western Australia – Rod HartvigsenPage 49: Hummock grasslands – Thomas SchochPage 50: Melaleuca open forests and woodlands, Kakadu National Park – Parks AustraliaPage 51: Eucalyptus open forests with a grassy understorey, Kakadu National Park – Murray FaggPage 52: Dry rainforest or vine thickets (Monsoon vine thickets of the Dampier Peninsula), Western Australia – Department of the EnvironmentPage 53: Heathlands (Arnhem Plateau sandstone community), Northern Territory – Department of the EnvironmentBack Cover: Mornington Sanctuary in the Kimberley, North-Western Austraila – Ecopix
© Commonwealth of Australia, 2015.
The Conservation Management Zones of Australia profile is licensed by the Commonwealth of Australia for use under a Creative Commons By Attribution 3.0 Australia licence with the exception of the Coat of Arms of the Commonwealth of Australia, the logo of the agency responsible for publishing the report, content supplied by third parties, and any images depicting people.
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Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Contents
Acknowledgement of Traditional Owners and Country ����������������������������������������������2
Introduction ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������2
Zone at a glance ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������3
Population characteristics �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������6
Employment, volunteering and incomes �������������������������������������������������������������������������9
Agriculture, Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM advice ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������11
Land tenure, land use, Native Title and Local Government Areas ������������������������� 13
Zone vegetation characteristics����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 21
Ramsar and Nationally Important Wetlands������������������������������������������������������������������ 23
World and National Heritage ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 26
Major National Reserve System properties �������������������������������������������������������������������� 27
EPBC Act (1999) threatened ecological communities ������������������������������������������������� 28
EPBC Act (1999) threatened species ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 29
EPBC Act (1999) migratory species ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 35
Threatened endemic species ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 37
Invasive species ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 43
Vegetation profiles and management recommendations ��������������������������������������� 45
2 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
The Australian Government acknowledges Australia’s Traditional Owners and pays respect to Elders past and present of our nation’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities� We honour the deep spiritual, cultural and customary connections of Traditional Owners to the Australian landscape, including Australia’s waterways, land and sea country�
Introduction The 23 Conservation Management Zones of Australia are geographic areas, classified according to their ecological and threat characteristics. The zones are also aligned with the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation of Australia.
The Conservation Management Zones provide a way of understanding Australia’s natural environment that will assist in long-term conservation planning and help the Australian Government to better design, deliver and report on Natural Resource Management (NRM) investments, including ensuring alignment of national NRM priorities with local action.
The Conservation Management Zones also provide a filter through which to make national environmental and socio-economic data more accessible and comprehensible, and a framework for gathering on-ground knowledge and expertise about the environment. This will improve information flow to the Australian Government about regional NRM requirements, best practice management, emerging NRM issues and knowledge gaps.
The Conservation Management Zones do not represent any change to existing administrative boundaries or governance structures, but aim to support the NRM and wider community to cooperatively manage environmental assets across boundaries, where they share common threats, ecological characteristics and stakeholders.
Each Conservation Management Zone profile contains a standard suite of nationally available ecological and socio-economic information. We hope that this information will enable Australians of all ages and backgrounds to engage with, understand and appreciate Australian landscapes, and support all Australians to manage our natural resources more effectively.
The profile information provides an indicative, high-level stock-take of the environmental and socio-economic landscape and it is not intended to be comprehensive. It should also be noted that, at present, the profiles contain only limited information on aquatic ecosystems, coastal assets and Indigenous land management practices. In future, consultation and comprehensive literature reviews will enable us to provide more complete information.
Acknowledgement of Traditional Owners and Country
3 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Zone at a glance
Area of zone: 131,555,405 hectares
% of Australia:
17.1%0.19 people per square kilometre
Population density:
Zone population characteristics
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
254,843
Tota
l
Engl
ish a
s a
seco
nd
lang
uage
Indi
geno
us
Ove
r 65
Yout
h (1
5–24
)
Num
ber o
f peo
ple
Zone employment characteristics
95.4%
4.6%
UnemployedEmployed
Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data
4 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Major cities and towns Population
Broome 14,436 Charters Towers 8,213 Darwin 136,245 Katherine 6,094 Mareeba 7,296
Regional centres Population
Aurukun 1,289 Bamaga 1,045 Derby 3,265 Doomadgee 1,255 Fitzroy Crossing 1,147 Galiwinku 2,122 Gunbalanya (Oenpelli) 1,174 Gununa 1,128 Kowanyama 1,030 Kununurra 4,578 Maningrida 2,292 Milingimbi 1,083 Ngukurr 1,055 Nhulunbuy 3,935 Thursday Island 2,610 Wadeye 2,111 Weipa 3,341 Wurrumiyanga (Nguiu) 1,528
Natural Resource Management (NRM) regions
Cape York NRM QLD
Terrain NRM QLD
Northern Gulf Resource Management Group QLD
Southern Gulf Catchments QLD
Territory Natural Resource Management NT
Rangelands NRM Coordinating Group Inc WA
Top five agricultural commodities Value (millions)
Beef $969
Fruit $140
Vegetables for consumption $79
Poultry $28
Other broadacre crops $23Total value of agricultural commodities (including other commodities not listed here)
$1,295
Climate characteristics*
Mean annual temperature 25.8 Celsius
Mean Maximum of the Hottest Month 36.2 Celsius
Mean Minimum of the Coldest Month 19.1 Celsius
Mean Annual Rainfall 823.6 mm
Dominant rainfall season Summer
* The figures are interpolated 75-year means (1921 to 1995) representing the period prior to the onset of rapid climatic warming. Cited in: Williams KJ, Belbin L, Austin MP, Stein J, Ferrier S (2012) Which environmental variables should I use in my biodiversity model? International Journal of Geographic Information Sciences 26(11), 2009–2047. (Data derived from Australian Climate surfaces version 2.1 for the ANUCLIM-BIOCLIM package).
For future climate projections please refer to: http://www.climatechangeinaustralia.gov.au/
Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data
5 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Native Title area
27%
73%
Other areaNative Title area
National Reserve System area
18%
82%
Other areaNRS area
Native vegetation clearance level
99%
Uncleared (ha)Cleared (ha)
1%
Number of threatened species by class
111
29
25
16
76
Sharks
FrogsMammalsPlants Birds
Fish
Reptiles
Insects Other
11
1
Status of EPBC Act listed threatened species, communities and migratory species
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
120
69
74
9
Threatened ecologicalcommunities
Migratory species
Critically endangered species
Conservation dependent
Endangered species
Vulnerable species
9
1
4
Source: Based on data from the National Native Title Register; Collaborative Australian Protected Area Database (CAPAD); National Vegetation Information System (NVIS); Species’ Profile and Threats Database (SPRAT).
6 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Population
Population by age group
24%
14%
31%
24%
65 years and over40–64 years
15–24 years0–14 years 25–39 years
7%
Indigenous population by age group
31%
18%
6%
23%
22%
65 years and over40–64 years
15–24 years0–14 years 25–39 years
Farmer and farm managers by age group
26%
4%12%
58%
65 years and over40–64 years
25–39 years15–24 years
Gender of farmers and farm managers
1,516
635
FemaleMale
Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data
Population characteristics
7 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Languages spoken at home
English 65.82%
Other languages 22.64%
Not stated 10.43%
Non-English languages spoken at home*
Northern European (including Scandinavia, Celtic, Germanic, Dutch)Southern European
Eastern European
Central Asian, Turkic, Iranic and Semitic
Southern Asian, Dravidan and Indo-Ayran
South-East Asian
East Asian
Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander
African
Paci�c / Oceanic
Sign language
10.34%
3.12%5.20%
3.05%0.15%1.24%
1.31%
* Please note, these �gures are based on the proportion of the population who indicated in the 2011 ABS Census that they spoke a language other than English at home.
11.62%
4.29%
61.14%
0.62%1.04%
Indigenous languages spoken at home**
30.99%
2.15%
* Please note, these �gures are based on the proportion of the population who indicated in the 2011 ABS Census that they spoke a language other than English at home.
14.27%
0.35% 0.23%
21.98%
19.55%
Arnhem Land and Daly River Region Languages
Yolngu Matha
Cape York Peninsula Languages
Torres Strait Island Languages
Northern Desert Fringe Area Languages
Arandic
Western Desert Language
Kimberley Area Languages
Other Australian Indigenous Languages
5.04%
5.45%
Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data
8 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Education
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
65 years and over40–64 years
25–39 years15–24 years
Highest level of educational attainment – total population
Inad
equa
tely
des
crib
ed/N
ot st
ated
No
Educ
atio
nal A
ttai
nmen
t
Scho
ol Y
ears
10
or b
elow
Scho
ol Y
ears
11
and
12
Cert
i�ca
te L
evel
Bach
elor
Deg
ree/
Adva
nced
Dip
lom
a an
d D
iplo
ma
Post
grad
uate
Deg
ree/
Gra
duat
eD
iplo
ma
& G
radu
ate
Cert
i�ca
te
Highest level of educational attainment – Indigenous community
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
Inad
equa
tely
des
crib
ed/N
ot st
ated
No
Educ
atio
nal A
ttai
nmen
t
Scho
ol Y
ears
10
or b
elow
Scho
ol Y
ears
11
and
12
Cert
i�ca
te L
evel
Bach
elor
Deg
ree/
Adva
nced
Dip
lom
a an
d D
iplo
ma
Post
grad
uate
Deg
ree/
Gra
duat
eD
iplo
ma
& G
radu
ate
Cert
i�ca
te
65 years and over40–64 years
25–39 years15–24 years
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
65 years and over40–64 years
25–39 years15–24 years
Highest level of educational attainment – farmers and farm managers
Inad
equa
tely
des
crib
ed/N
ot st
ated
No
Educ
atio
nal A
ttai
nmen
t
Scho
ol Y
ears
10
or b
elow
Scho
ol Y
ears
11
and
12
Cert
i�ca
te L
evel
Bach
elor
Deg
ree/
Adva
nced
Dip
lom
a an
d D
iplo
ma
Post
grad
uate
Deg
ree/
Gra
duat
eD
iplo
ma
& G
radu
ate
Cert
i�ca
te
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Post-school quali�cation types*
15–2
4 ye
ars o
ld
25–3
9 ye
ars o
ld
40–6
4 ye
ars o
ld
65 y
ears
an
d ab
ove
Natural and Physical Sciences
Agriculture, Environmental and Related Studies
Health and education
Architecture, building, society and culture and creative arts
Information Technology, Management and Commerce and service industries
* Please note, this table omits quali�cations of mixed �eld, quali�cations that are not adequately described, and information relating to census respondents who have not stated their quali�cation or are not applicable (i.e. Not of age to have post-school quali�cation).
Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data
9 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Employment
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Employment status of general population*
65 y
ears
and
abov
e
15–2
4 ye
ars o
ld
40–6
4 ye
ars o
ld
25–3
9 ye
ars o
ld
Employed
Unemployed
Not in labour force or not stated
* Please note the % �gures are relative to each of the age groupings of the population. The categories above are aggregates of the following Australian Bureau of Statistics categories: Employed = Employed full-time; Employed part-time; and Employed away from work. Unemployed = Unemployed looking for full-time work; and Unemployed looking for part-time work. Not in the Labour Force or Not Stated = Not in the Labour Force; and Not Stated. Please note the ‘not applicable’ category has been omitted from the analysis. Not applicable applies to the proportion of the population that is not of working age (e.g. 0–15 year olds and retired). ABS 2011 Census Labour Force data has been utilised for this report, as the national quarterly employment �gures are derived from a relatively small sample of the population.
Employment by industry
Agriculture, forestry and sheries
Mining
Manufacturing
Utilities, construction and transport
Health, Social Assistance, Education and training
Public administration and safety
Wholesale and retail trade
Services
Food, accommodation, arts and recreation
Unknown/not stated
4%
19%
14%
18%
10%
16%
8%4%
5%2%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Employment status of general population*
65 y
ears
and
abov
e
15–2
4 ye
ars o
ld
40–6
4 ye
ars o
ld
25–3
9 ye
ars o
ld
Employed
Unemployed
Not in labour force or not stated
* Please note the % �gures are relative to each of the age groupings of the population. The categories above are aggregates of the following Australian Bureau of Statistics categories: Employed = Employed full-time; Employed part-time; and Employed away from work. Unemployed = Unemployed looking for full-time work; and Unemployed looking for part-time work. Not in the Labour Force or Not Stated = Not in the Labour Force; and Not Stated. Please note the ‘not applicable’ category has been omitted from the analysis. Not applicable applies to the proportion of the population that is not of working age (e.g. 0–15 year olds and retired). ABS 2011 Census Labour Force data has been utilised for this report, as the national quarterly employment �gures are derived from a relatively small sample of the population.
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
Employment status of Indigenous population*
Indi
geno
us65
yea
rsan
d ab
ove
Indi
geno
us15
–24
year
s old
Indi
geno
us40
–64
year
s old
Indi
geno
us25
–39
year
s old
Employed
Unemployed
Not in labour force or not stated
Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data
Employment, volunteering and incomes
10 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Volunteering
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Volunteering rates
15–2
4 ye
ars o
ld
25–3
9 ye
ars o
ld
40–6
4 ye
ars o
ld
65 y
ears
an
d ab
ove
Not a volunteer
Volunteer
Not stated or not applicable
Income
Total household income (% of households)*
17.7%
40.7%
13.8%
7.9%
19.9%
Over $104,000
Under $20,800
Not Stated/Partially Stated
$20,800–64,999 $65,000–$103,999
* Please note these �gures have been derived from the ABS Equivalised Total Household Income (HIED)Census 2011 data. ABS data categories have been aggregated for the purposes of this report. For more information see: http://www.abs.gov.au/websitedbs/censushome.nsf/home/statementsdwellinghied?opendocument&navpos=430
In the 2011–12 �nancial year, persons who earned $67,500 or less were eligible for Low Income Tax O�set. Human Services applied the following de�nitions of “low income” as eligibility criteria for the Low Income Supplement in the 2012–13 �nancial year: Income below $30,000 for singles, $45,000 combined for couples, or $60,000 combined for couples or singles with a dependent child.
Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data
11 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Agricultural commodity values
Value of agricultural commodities^
$0
$100
$200
$300
$400
$500
$600
$700
$800
$900
$1,000
Oth
er b
road
acre
cro
ps
Nut
s
Frui
t
Oils
eeds
Legu
me
for g
rain
Hay
Cere
als f
or g
rain
Eggs
Woo
l
Beef
Lam
b
Pork
Dai
ry
Vege
tabl
es fo
r see
d
Vege
tabl
es fo
r con
sum
ptio
n
Nur
serie
s and
cut
�ow
ers
Mill
ions
^ Data obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics Value of Agricultural Commodities Produced. The value estimates in this publication are derived by the multiplication of price and quantity estimates of agricultural commodities. Price information is estimated based on the average unit value of a given commodity realised in the market place. For more information please refer to: http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/[email protected]/Lookup/7503.0Explanatory%20Notes12010-11?OpenDocument
Source: Based on Australian Bureau of Statistics data
Agriculture, Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM adviceAustralian farmers manage over 60% of the Australian continent and shoulder much of the burden of responsibility for maintaining and protecting Australia’s natural resource wealth. The information contained in this profile aims to assist the wider community, non-governmental organisations and government agencies to support Australia’s key environmental custodians.
Number of people employed in agriculture, �shing, forestry and downstream industries
4,010
955
296
Forestry industry, includingproduction, logging, sawmilling
and downstream wood andpaper product manufacturing
Fishing industry, includingproduction and downstream
seafood processingand wholesaling
Agriculture downstream industries– including services,food and beverage)
Agricultural industries (production)
467
12 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Natural Resource Management practices and sources of NRM advice
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
Feral animal control*(% of agricultural holdings)
No
data
No
man
agem
ent
of fe
ral a
nim
als
Fera
l Wat
er b
u�al
o
0%
1%
2%
3%
4%
5%
6%
7%
8%
Native vegetation protection and regeneration*(% of agricultural holdings)
Oth
er
Stop
ping
mec
hani
cal
or c
hem
ical
des
truc
tion
Redu
cing
gra
zing
pre
ssur
e
Man
agin
g w
eeds
Fenc
ing
o�/e
xclu
ding
stoc
k
Sought advice when adopting native vegetation management**
83.67%
16.33%
NoYes
Sources of advice**^
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Yes
No
Priv
ate
cons
ulta
nt o
rag
ribus
ines
s age
nt
CMA/
NRM
regi
onem
ploy
ed fa
cilit
ator
Rese
arch
and
Dev
elop
men
t Cor
pora
tion
Gov
ernm
ent
exte
nsio
n o�
cer
Peer
s or n
eigh
bour
s
Farm
er g
roup
Land
care
or f
arm
erpr
oduc
tion
grou
p
** The sample for the Drivers of Practice Change 2012 survey consisted of a random subsample of 1228 broadacre farm managers from the Australian Agricultural and Grazing Industries Survey (AAGIS) frame. The data has been aligned to Conservation Management Zones from ABS Statistical Area 2 units. For this reason, the figures presented here are indicative only.
^ This chart indicates the sources of advice utilised for native vegetation management from respondents who identified they sought advice.
For more information please refer to http://www.daff.gov.au/SiteCollectionDocuments/forestry/domestic-forestry/prep-for-future/drivers-practice-change.pdf
* Data obtained from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) 2012 Land Management Practices Survey (LaMPS) 2012. LaMPS collected land practices information from approximately 50,000 farm businesses across Australia. The data has been aligned to Conservation Management Zones from ABS Statistical Area 2 units and Australian Agricultural Environment units. The % figures presented here are indicative only. For more information on LaMPS please refer to: http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/[email protected]/mf/4630.0
13 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Land tenure, land use, Native Title and Local Government Areas
Land tenure
Crown Land – Private – Leased
Crown Land – Public
Crown Land – Public – Leased
Crown Land – Unknown – Leased
Freehold – Private
Freehold – Public
Freehold – Unknown
No Data/Unknown
0.31%2.38%
1.09% 58.93%
9.92%
5.16%
19%
3.22%
Land use
1.13%0.21%
Grazing Native Vegetation
Conservation and Natural Environments
Water (natural)
Industry, Residential, Services and Mining
65.50%
32.97%
Source: Land tenure data based on Environmental Resources Information Network (ERIN) categorisation of Public Sector Mapping Authority (PSMA) State Tenure 2012; Land use mapping based on Australian Collaborative Land Use and Management Program (ACLUMP) 2012. For more information on Australian land use and management information and classification please refer to: http://www.daff.gov.au/ABARES/aclump/Pages/Default.aspx
Indigenous Land Councils
Kimberley Land Council: http://klc.org.au
Northern Land Council: http://www.nlc.org.au
Anindilyakwa Land Council: http://www.anindilyakwa.com.au
Tiwi Land Council: http://www.tiwilandcouncil.com
Cape York Land Council: www.cylc.org.au
North Queensland Aboriginal Land Council: http://www.nqlc.com.au
Torres Strait Regional Authority: http://www.tsra.gov.au
Indigenous natural resource management
North Australian Indigenous Land and Sea Management Alliance: http://www.nailsma.org.au
14 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Native Title and Traditional Owners
Traditional Owners Registered Native Title Body Corporate Hectares % of zoneMembers of the Wanjina-Wunggurr Community
Wanjina-Wunggurr (Native Title) Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 6,310,999 4.80
Tagalaka People Tagalaka Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 2,970,594 2.26Members of the Balanggarra community Balanggarra Aboriginal Corporation 2,216,644 1.68
Kowanyama People Abm Elgoring Ambung Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 1,643,003 1.25Wanjina Wunggurr Community
Wanjina-Wunggurr (Native Title) Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 1,598,927 1.22
The Gooniyandi people Gooniyandi Aboriginal Corporation 1,117,389 0.85
Kalkadoon People Kalkadoon Native Title Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 1,025,383 0.78Members of the Wanjina Wunggurr Community
Wanjina-Wunggurr (Native Title) Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 919,659 0.70
Karajarri People Karajarri Traditional Lands Association (Aboriginal Corporation) RNTBC 894,960 0.68
Waanyi People Waanyi Native Title Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 824,646 0.63The Karranjini group; the Bamarrnganja group; the Warranangku group; the Pinda (OT Downs) group; the Lija/Muwartpi group
703,944 0.54
Wik and Wik Way Peoples Ngan Aak-Kunch Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 698,575 0.53Miriuwung (including Yirralalem, Ngamoowalem, Wiram, Yardanggarlm, Nganalam and Mandangala), Gajerrong, Doolboong, Wardenybeng and Gija and, in respect to Boorroongoong (Lacrosse Island), also Balangarra.
Miriuwung and Gajerrong #1 (Native Title Prescribed Body Corporate) Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 688,717 0.52
The Miriuwung, Gajerrong, Doolboong, Wardenybeng and Gija groups and other Aboriginal people who are acknowledged by these groups as having rights in the determination area.
Miriuwung and Gajerrong #4 (Native Title Prescribed Body Corporate) Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 679,057 0.52
The Newcastle Waters – Murranji native title holders 649,969 0.49
Wandarang, Alawa, Marra and Ngalakan Peoples 646,375 0.49
Gugu Badhun People Gugu Badhun Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 616,925 0.47
Wik and Wik-Way Peoples Ngan Aak-Kunch Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 606,965 0.46
Wik and Wik Way Peoples Ngan Aak-Kunch Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 548,126 0.42
Bunuba People Bunuba Dawangarri Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 531,589 0.40
15 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Native Title and Traditional Owners
Traditional Owners Registered Native Title Body Corporate Hectares % of zone
Wik and Wik Way Peoples Ngan Aak-Kunch Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 512,262 0.39
Yawuru Community Kunin (Native Title) Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 496,011 0.38The Ngapurrpinkakujarra group; the Narrwan group; the Walanypirri group; the Yingawunarri group; the Narlwan group
445,075 0.34
Karajarri People Karajarri Traditional Lands Association (Aboriginal Corporation) RNTBC 437,265 0.33
The Gajerrong-Ngalinjar group; the Ngarinyman-Wulayi group; the Ngarinyman-Nyiwanawam group
424,205 0.32
The Balanggarra community Balanggarra Aboriginal Corporation 413,179 0.31The Badpa group; the Murrunggun Kunakingka group; the Guyal Bardi Bardi group
390,018 0.30
Gangalidda People Gangalidda and Garawa Native Title Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 380,095 0.29
The Miriuwung-Nyawam Nyawam group; the Miriuwung-Bindjen group; the Gajerrong-Gurrbijim group; the Gajerrong-Djarradjarrany group; the Gajerrong-Djandumi group; the Gajerrong-Wadanybang group
374,666 0.28
The Warranangku group; the Karranjini group; the Lija/Murwartpi group
337,470 0.26
The Karranjini group; the Bamarrnganja group 319,460 0.24
The Ngapurrpinkakujarra group; the Yingawunarri group; the Liwi group; the Luwaja group; the Nirrina group; the Beregumayin-Ngarrajananggu group
296,599 0.23
The Kinbininggu group; the Bamarrngganja group 277,406 0.21
The Miriuwung – Larru group; the Miriuwung – Mambitji group; the Miriuwung – Gudim group; the Malngin – Yunur-Jurrtakal group
276,900 0.21
16 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Native Title and Traditional Owners
Traditional Owners Registered Native Title Body Corporate Hectares % of zoneThe Ngapurrpinkakujarra group; the Narrwan group; the Walanypirri group; the Yingawunarri group; the Purrurruka group; the Yilyilyimarri group; the Japuwuny-Wijina group; the Bilnara group; the Wampana group
276,813 0.21
The Ngapurrpinkakujarra group; the Yingawunarri group; the Narlwan group; the Luwaja group; the Tururrutpa group; the Beregumayin-Ngarrajananggu group
262,089 0.20
Kowanyama People Abm Elgoring Ambung Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 251,069 0.19The Miriuwung-Damberal group; the Miriuwung-Nyawam Nyawam group; the Miriuwung-Gudim group; the Ngarinyman-Nyiwanawam group
246,406 0.19
The Nyangumarta People Nyangumarta Warrarn Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 214,645 0.16The Longreach Birdum group; the Burdal Yarrkala group; the Guyal Wurrungguy group; the Murrunggun Kunakingka group
203,637 0.15
Gangalidda People Gangalidda and Garawa Native Title Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 197,763 0.15
The Gajerrong-Wadanybang group; the Gajerrong-Gurrbijim group; the Gajerrong-Djarradjarrany group
184,924 0.14
The Yungngora people Yungngora Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 180,085 0.14The Nyangumarta People and the Karajarri People Nyangumarta Karajarri Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 175,338 0.13
The Gajerrong-Pulthuru group; the Gajerrong-Ngalinjar group; the Gajerrong-Gurrbijim group; the Gajerrong-Djarradjarrany group
165,154 0.13
The Ngapurr group; the Yingawunarri group; the Purrurruka group
159,906 0.12
17 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Native Title and Traditional Owners
Traditional Owners Registered Native Title Body Corporate Hectares % of zoneThe Murrunggun Kunakingka group; the Guyal Bardi Bardi group
152,415 0.12
The Nirrina group; the Yingawunarri group; the Purrurruka group; the Yilyilimarri group; the Billinara group
152,042 0.12
Djungan People Nguddaboolgan Native Title Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 148,771 0.11
Warranangku group 128,977 0.10Members of the Ngarla language group Wanparta Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 125,049 0.10
Lardil, Yangkaal, Gangalidda and Kaiadilt Peoples Gulf Region Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 120,440 0.09
Strathgordon Mob Thaa-Nguigarr Strathgordon Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 118,481 0.09
The Kinbininggu group; the Warranangku group; the Marlinja group
115,414 0.09
Wik and Wik Way Peoples Ngan Aak-Kunch Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 112,554 0.09
Bardi and Jawi People Bardi and Jawi Niimidiman Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 105,107 0.08
Yirritja Moiety clans and Dhuwa Moiety clans 97,515 0.07
Longreach Birdum group 59,288 0.05Damberal, Bindjen and Nyawamnyawam estate groups
59,180 0.04
The Jangga People Bulganunna Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 32,719 0.02
Ngurrara People Yanunijarra Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 32,092 0.02
Bar-Barrum People Bar-Barrum Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 30,909 0.02
Djungan People Nguddaboolgan Native Title Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 27,192 0.02
Western Yalanji Peoples Western Yalanji Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 24,033 0.02The Najig group and the Guyanggan Nganawirdbird group
22,086 0.02
Western Yalanji People Western Yalanji Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 19,366 0.01
Mualgal People Mualgal (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 16,929 0.01
Kaurareg People Kaurareg Native Title Aboriginal Corporation (RNTBC) 16,602 0.01
Saibai People Saibai Mura Buway (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 11,104 0.01
Badulgal People Mura Badulgal (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 10,146 0.01
Jirrbal People Wabubadda Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 9,502 0.01
18 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Native Title and Traditional Owners
Traditional Owners Registered Native Title Body Corporate Hectares % of zoneThe Lardil peoples, the Yangkaal peoples, the Kaiadilt peoples and the Gangalidda peoples
Gulf Region Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 8,521 0.01
Boigu People Malu Ki’ai (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 7,270 0.01
Muluridji People Muluridji Tribal Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 6,586 0.01
Muluridji People Muluridji Tribal Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 5,397 0.00
Djungan People Nguddaboolgan Native Title Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 5,175 0.004
Kaurareg People Kaurareg Native Title Aboriginal Corporation (RNTBC) 4,271 0.003
Tagalaka People Tagalaka Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 4,007 0.003
Djungan People Nguddaboolgan Native Title Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 2,656 0.002
Kaurareg People Kaurareg Native Title Aboriginal Corporation (RNTBC) 2,298 0.002Ngaliwurru and Nungali persons who are members of the Makalamayi, Wunjaiyi, Yanturi, Wantawul and Maiyalaniwung estate groups
Gunarmu Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 2,059 0.002
Members of Meriam, Erubam, Ugarem Le, Masigalgal, Porumalgal, Warraberalgal, Iamalgal, Mualgal, Badulgal, Gumulgal, Saibailgal, Boigulgal and Dauanalgal island communities
1,978 0.002
Eastern Kuku Yalanji People Jabalbina Yalanji Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 1,964 0.001
Kuuku Ya’u People Kuuku Ya’u Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 1,694 0.001Saibai, Dauan, Mabuiag, Badu & Boigu Peoples Maluilgal (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 1,199 0.001
Yam Islanders/Tudulaig People
Magani Lagaugal (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 1,109 0.001
Warraber, Poruma and Iama Peoples Wakeyama (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 1,011 0.001
Gumulgal Mabuiag People Goemulgaw (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 694 0.001
Erubam Le People Erubam Le Traditional Land and Sea Owners (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 564 0.0004
Kaurareg People Kaurareg Native Title Aboriginal Corporation (RNTBC) 529 0.0004Wanjina-Wunggurr Community
Wanjina-Wunggurr (Native Title) Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 445 0.0003
Badualgal and Mualgal Peoples
Badu Ar Mua Migi Lagal (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 399 0.0003
The Gebaralgal Gebaralgal (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 382 0.0003
Meriam People Mer Gedkem Le (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 377 0.0003
19 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Native Title and Traditional Owners
Traditional Owners Registered Native Title Body Corporate Hectares % of zone
Dauan People Dauanalgaw (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 331 0.0003
Kaurareg People Kaurareg Native Title Aboriginal Corporation (RNTBC) 325 0.0002The Masigalgal (the Masig People) Masigalgal (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 320 0.0002
Kowanyama People Abm Elgoring Ambung Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 225 0.0002
Badpa estate group 183 0.0001
Tjurabalan People Tjurabalan Native Title Land Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 170 0.0001
Warraber People Warraberalgal (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 100 0.0001
The Ngalakan People 72 0.0001Yuwurruma members of the Mandilarri-Ildugij, Mangalara, Murran, Gadura-Minaga, and Ngaynjaharr clans
Injarnyala Aboriginal Corporation 58 0.0000
Meriam People Mer Gedkem Le (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 56 0.0000
The Kulkalgal People Kulkalgal (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 49 0.0000
Tableland Yidinji People 49 0.0000
Ugar People Ugar Ged Kem Le Zeuber Er Kep Le (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 46 0.00004
Porumalgal Poruma People Porumalgal (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 34 0.00003
Mualgal People Mualgal (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 32 0.00002
Poruma People Porumalgal (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 28 0.00002
Poruma & Masig Peoples Garboi (Torres Strait Islanders) Corporation RNTBC 7 0.00001
Jirrbal People Wabubadda Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 6 0.000005
Jirrbal People Wabubadda Aboriginal Corporation RNTBC 0.3 0.0000002
Source: The Native Title Tribunal Register, October 2013. For more information please refer to: http://www.nntt.gov.au/Pages/Searchportal.aspx
20 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Local Government Areas
Barkly Shire NT
Belyuen Shire NT
Central Desert Shire NT
Coomalie Shire NT
Darwin Municipality NT
Darwin Rates Act Area NT
Darwin Waterfront Precinct Municipality NT
East Arnhem Shire NT
Katherine Municipality NT
Litchfield Municipality NT
Palmerston Municipality NT
Roper Gulf Shire NT
Tiwi Islands Shire NT
Un-Incorporated (Alyangula) Area NT
Un-Incorporated (Elrundie) Area NT
Un-Incorporated (Nhulunbuy) Area NT
Un-Incorporated Area NT
Victoria – Daly Shire NT
Wagait Shire NT
West Arnhem Shire NT
Aurukun Shire QLD
Burdekin Shire QLD
Burke Shire QLD
Cairns Regional QLD
Carpentaria Shire QLD
Charters Towers Regional QLD
Cloncurry Shire QLD
Cook Shire QLD
Local Government Areas
Croydon Shire QLD
Doomadgee Aboriginal Shire QLD
Douglas Shire QLD
Etheridge Shire QLD
Flinders Shire QLD
Hinchinbrook Shire QLD
Kowanyama Aboriginal Shire QLD
Lockhart River Aboriginal Shire QLD
Mapoon Aboriginal Shire QLD
Mareeba Shire QLD
Mckinlay Shire QLD
Mornington Shire QLD
Mount Isa City QLD
Napranum Aboriginal Shire QLD
Northern Peninsula Area Regional QLD
Pormpuraaw Aboriginal Shire QLD
Richmond Shire QLD
Tablelands Regional QLD
Torres Shire QLD
Torres Strait Island Regional QLD
Weipa Town QLD
Whitsunday Regional QLD
Shire Of Broome WA
Shire Of Derby-West Kimberley WA
Shire Of East Pilbara WA
Shire Of Halls Creek WA
Shire Of Wyndham-East Kimberley WA
Town Of Port Hedland WA
21 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Zone vegetation characteristics
Major Vegetation Subgroups (MVS) with >1% original distribution within zone
Mel
aleu
ca o
pen
fore
sts a
nd w
oodl
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Oth
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umm
ock
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s
Oth
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Euca
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with
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Euca
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with
ahu
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Trop
ical
Euc
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ores
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with
a ta
ll an
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Euca
lypt
us w
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with
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rubb
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ders
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Euca
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itha
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Oth
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itha
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sy u
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Mel
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Mitc
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s (As
trebl
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Hum
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Oth
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and
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Euca
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ith tu
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ass
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
Present day percentage of CMZ areaPre 1750 percentage of CMZ area
22 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
The National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) framework is a nationally consistent vegetation classification system based on vegetation data collected by states and territories. It provides information on the extent and distribution of vegetation types across the Australian landscape.
Two products are used to provide the Zone Vegetation Characteristics graph. A modelled pre-European vegetation distribution (pre-1750), and extant (current extent) vegetation, which is based on contemporary vegetation mapping. The information presented here relates to Major Vegetation Subgroups (MVSs). There are 85 MVS types across Australia, describing the structure and floristic composition of dominant and secondary vegetation stratums (e.g. canopy and mid-storey species). Major Vegetation Subgroups only reflect the dominant vegetation type occurring in an area from a mix of vegetation types. Less-dominant vegetation groups which may also be present are therefore not represented.
It is important to note that the vegetation information is indicative only, as state and territory mapping in Australia is of variable resolution and scale. However, this data is the best available nationally consistent information on vegetation, and the dataset continues to evolve and increase in accuracy.
Analysing this information at Conservation Management Zone, rather than national level provides greater discrimination for decision makers, as clearance levels of vegetation types are not uniform across Australia. For example, eucalypt woodlands with a tussock grass understory is a vegetation type found across Australia. In the Brigalow Woodlands Conservation Management Zone, eucalypt open woodlands with a tussock grass understory originally covered approximately 36% of the zone, but today it only covers only 14.5 % of the zone (58.7% of this vegetation community has been cleared in the Brigalow). In the Northern Australia Tropical Savannah zone, this vegetation type originally occupied 19.6% of the zone. Today, it occupies approximately 19.4% of the zone (only 2.3% of this vegetation type has been cleared). It should be noted that this data only provides an indication of change in extent, and not vegetation condition.
For more information on the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/science-and-research/databases-and-maps/national-vegetation-information-system
23 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Nationally Important Wetlands Jurisdiction Hectares Criteria
Adelaide River Floodplain System NT 43,040.78 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Arafura Swamp NT 96,708.45 2, 3, 4, 6
Archer Bay Aggregation QLD 24,842.89 1, 2, 3, 5, 6
Archer River Aggregation QLD 149,816.24 1, 2, 3, 5, 6
Big Springs WA 0.12 1
Birrindudu Waterhole and Floodplain NT 23,516.31 1, 2, 3
Blencoe Falls – Blencoe Creek QLD 87.21 1, 3
Bluebush Swamp QLD 879.14 1, 2, 3
Blyth-Cadell Floodplain & Boucaut Bay System NT 16,030.32 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Borroloola Bluebush NT 70.16 1, 3
Bradshaw Field Training Area NT 0.12 2, 5
Buffalo Lake Aggregation QLD 1,911.02 1, 2, 3
Bull Lake QLD 26.80 1, 2, 3, 6
Bunda-Bunda Mound Springs WA 15.38 1, 6Burdekin-Bowen Junction and Blue Valley Weir Aggregation QLD 456.73 1, 2, 3, 5
Camballin Floodplain (Le Livre Swamp System) WA 825.02 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
Cape Grenville Area QLD 5,780.27 1
Cobourg Peninsula System NT 32,041.99 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Daly-Reynolds Floodplain-Estuary System NT 104,302.98 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Daly River Middle Reaches NT 1,467.89 1, 2, 3, 4
Dorunda Lakes Area QLD 6,805.02 1, 2, 3
Drysdale River WA 5,673.64 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
Eighty Mile Beach System WA 17,139.78 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Finniss Floodplain and Fog Bay Systems NT 78,695.63 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
Forsyth Island Wetlands QLD 63.47 1, 3, 5, 6
Geikie Gorge WA 271.52 1, 2, 6
For more information on Ramsar please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/water/water-our-environment/wetlands/ramsar-convention-wetlands
Ramsar and Nationally Important Wetlands
Ramsar wetlands Jurisdiction HectaresCobourg Peninsula NT 204,810 Eighty-mile Beach WA 14,723 Kakadu National Park NT (Cwth) 1,893,730 Lakes Argyle and Kununurra WA 117,586 Ord River Floodplain WA 119,223 Roebuck Bay WA 7,614
The National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) framework is a nationally consistent vegetation classification system based on vegetation data collected by states and territories. It provides information on the extent and distribution of vegetation types across the Australian landscape.
Two products are used to provide the Zone Vegetation Characteristics graph. A modelled pre-European vegetation distribution (pre-1750), and extant (current extent) vegetation, which is based on contemporary vegetation mapping. The information presented here relates to Major Vegetation Subgroups (MVSs). There are 85 MVS types across Australia, describing the structure and floristic composition of dominant and secondary vegetation stratums (e.g. canopy and mid-storey species). Major Vegetation Subgroups only reflect the dominant vegetation type occurring in an area from a mix of vegetation types. Less-dominant vegetation groups which may also be present are therefore not represented.
It is important to note that the vegetation information is indicative only, as state and territory mapping in Australia is of variable resolution and scale. However, this data is the best available nationally consistent information on vegetation, and the dataset continues to evolve and increase in accuracy.
Analysing this information at Conservation Management Zone, rather than national level provides greater discrimination for decision makers, as clearance levels of vegetation types are not uniform across Australia. For example, eucalypt woodlands with a tussock grass understory is a vegetation type found across Australia. In the Brigalow Woodlands Conservation Management Zone, eucalypt open woodlands with a tussock grass understory originally covered approximately 36% of the zone, but today it only covers only 14.5 % of the zone (58.7% of this vegetation community has been cleared in the Brigalow). In the Northern Australia Tropical Savannah zone, this vegetation type originally occupied 19.6% of the zone. Today, it occupies approximately 19.4% of the zone (only 2.3% of this vegetation type has been cleared). It should be noted that this data only provides an indication of change in extent, and not vegetation condition.
For more information on the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/science-and-research/databases-and-maps/national-vegetation-information-system
24 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Nationally Important Wetlands Jurisdiction Hectares Criteria
Gladstone Lake WA 0.12 1, 3, 6
Great Barrier Reef Marine Park QLD 3,979.75 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Great Basalt Wall QLD 99,550.26 1, 2, 3, 5, 6
Gregory River QLD 11,796.78 1, 2, 3
Harmer Creek – Shelburne Bay Aggregation QLD 31,278.35 1, 3, 5
Herbert River Gorge QLD 3,272.84 1, 2
Innot Hot Springs QLD 77.54 1
Jardine River Wetlands Aggregation QLD 79,359.46 1, 2, 6
Kakadu National Park NT 273,327.54 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Katherine River Gorge NT 354.35 1, 2, 6
Lake Argyle WA 92,416.02 2, 3, 4, 6
Lake Dalrymple QLD 3,253.94 1, 2, 3
Lake Kununurra WA 2,634.50 2, 3, 4, 6
Lake Lucy Wetlands QLD 1,078.68 1, 3
Laura Sandstone QLD 0.52 1
Lawn Hill Gorge QLD 1,132.76 1, 2, 3, 6
Legune Wetlands NT 9,620.67 1, 2, 3
Lignum Swamp QLD 282.83 1, 2, 3
Limmen Bight (Port Roper) Tidal Wetlands System NT 200,465.30 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Lloyd Bay QLD 12,237.72 1, 3, 5, 6
Macaroni Swamp QLD 258.44 1, 2, 3
Marina Plains – Lakefield Aggregation QLD 391,434.74 1, 2, 3, 5
Marless Lagoon Aggregation QLD 166,947.80 1, 2, 3
Mary Floodplain System NT 125,742.93 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
Mataranka Thermal Pools NT 0.12 1, 6
Minnamoolka Area QLD 589.33 1, 2, 3
Mitchell River Fan Aggregation QLD 715,167.72 1, 2, 3, 6
Mitchell River System WA 1,121.86 1, 2, 3, 4, 6Mount Bundey Training Area – Mary River Floodplain NT 0.12 2, 5
Moyle Floodplain and Hyland Bay System NT 74,727.01 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
Murgenella-Cooper Floodplain System NT 80,677.16 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
Musselbrook Creek Aggregation QLD 45,114.29 1, 2, 3
Newcastle Bay – Escape River Estuarine Complex QLD 32,723.58 1, 2, 3, 6
Nicholson Delta Aggregation QLD 63,645.74 1, 2, 3
Nongra Lake NT 6,823.57 1, 2, 3, 6
Northeast Karumba Plain Aggregation QLD 179,167.41 1, 2, 3, 5, 6
Northern Holroyd Plain Aggregation QLD 1,114,827.49 1, 2, 3, 5, 6
Olive River QLD 16,965.88 1, 2, 3, 5
25 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Nationally Important Wetlands Jurisdiction Hectares Criteria
Ord Estuary System WA 65,278.38 1, 2, 3, 6
Orford Bay – Sharp Point Dunefield Aggregation QLD 17,015.99 1, 5
Parry Floodplain WA 46,750.56 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
Poison Lake QLD 784.99 1
Port Darwin NT 21,020.98 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Port McArthur Tidal Wetlands System NT 52,040.66 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Port Musgrave Aggregation QLD 40,744.45 1, 3, 5
Prince Regent River System WA 16,739.71 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
Princess Charlotte Bay Marine Area QLD 73,252.83 1, 2, 3, 5
Roebuck Bay WA 7,207.08 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Roebuck Plains System WA 1,180.89 1, 2, 3, 4, 6
Shoal Bay – Micket Creek NT 0.12 3, 6
Silver Plains – Nesbitt River Aggregation QLD 39,777.40 1, 3, 5
Skardon River – Cotterell River Aggregation QLD 60,328.75 1, 2, 3, 5
Smithburne – Gilbert Fan Aggregation QLD 250,504.87 1, 2, 3
Somerset Dunefield Aggregation QLD 7,933.19 1, 5
Southeast Karumba Plain Aggregation QLD 321,147.29 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Southern Gulf Aggregation QLD 516,312.35 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Spring Tower Complex QLD 75.04 1, 3
Stranded Fish Lake QLD 68.04 1, 2
Temple Bay QLD 3,793.50 1, 2, 3, 5
The Jack Lakes Aggregation QLD 34,980.72 1
Thorntonia Aggregation QLD 2,431.19 1, 2, 3, 6
Tunnel Creek WA 19.51 1, 6,
Turkey Mound Spring and Iron Pot Spring Aggregation QLD 5.44 1, 3
Undara Lava Tubes QLD 1,253.58 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
Valley of Lagoons QLD 3,644.66 1, 2, 3, 6
Violet Vale QLD 1,894.56 1
Wairuna Lake QLD 152.27 1, 3
Walters Plains Lake QLD 1,548.83 1
Wentworth Aggregation QLD 82,149.69 1, 2, 3
Willie Creek Wetlands WA 2,621.01 1, 3, 6
Windjana Gorge WA 34.28 1, 3, 6
Nationally important wetlands are defined according to the following criteria:1. It is a good example of a wetland type occurring within a biogeographic region in Australia.2. It is a wetland which plays an important ecological or hydrological role in the natural functioning of a major wetland system/complex.3. It is a wetland which is important as the habitat for animal taxa at a vulnerable stage in their life cycles, or provides a refuge when
adverse conditions such as drought prevail.4. The wetland supports 1% or more of the national populations of any native plant or animal taxa.5. The wetland supports native plant or animal taxa or communities which are considered endangered or vulnerable at the national level.6. The wetland is of outstanding historical or cultural significance.Please note, the above are a subset of all the Nationally Important Wetlands found within the Zone. For more information on Nationally Important Wetlands please see: http://www.environment.gov.au/resource/directory-important-wetlands-australia-third-edition
26 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Please refer to the Australian Heritage Database for detailed information on listing criteria for these heritage values: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/publications-and-resources/australian-heritage-database
For more information on Australia’s world and national heritage please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/heritage/about-australias-heritage
World and National Heritage
Heritage values World or National Heritage type Jurisdiction Hectares % of zone
The West Kimberley National Heritage Natural WA 15,513,479 11.79
Kakadu National Park World Heritage and National Heritage
Cultural and Natural NT 1,896,550 1.44
Purnululu National Park World Heritage and National Heritage Natural WA 243,831 0.19
Ngarrabullgan National Heritage Indigenous QLD 17,926 0.01
Great Barrier Reef World Heritage and National Heritage Natural QLD 11,493 0.009
Wet Tropics of Queensland
World Heritage and National Heritage Natural QLD 453 0.0003
Wave Hill Walk Off Route National Heritage Indigenous NT 248 0.0002
Wurrwurrwuy National Heritage Indigenous NT 1 0.000001
27 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Major National Reserve System properties
Major National Reserve System properties
Name Property type IUCN category Jurisdiction Hectares % of zone
Wilinggin Indigenous Protected Area V, VI WA 2,417,402 1.84Kakadu National Park (Commonwealth) II NT 1,893,727 1.44Warddeken Indigenous Protected Area VI NT 1,370,366 1.04Judbarra/Gregory National Park II NT 1,300,412 0.99Balanggarra Indigenous Protected Area VI WA 1,090,401 0.83Limmen National Park II NT 936,812 0.71Karajarri Indigenous Protected Area II, VI WA 897,668 0.68Djelk Indigenous Protected Area VI NT 671,952 0.51Dambimangari Indigenous Protected Area VI WA 637,524 0.48Prince Regent National Park II WA 571,060 0.43Ord River Regeneration Reserve Miscellaneous Reserve IV WA 568,055 0.43Rinyirru (Lakefield) National Park Aboriginal II QLD 542,029 0.41Laynhapuy – Stage 1 Indigenous Protected Area VI NT 477,773 0.36Staaten River National Park II QLD 468,787 0.36Drysdale River National Park II WA 446,105 0.34King Leopold Ranges Conservation Park II WA 389,995 0.30Oyala Thumotang National Park Aboriginal II QLD 381,276 0.29Uunguu – Stage 1 Indigenous Protected Area VI WA 339,119 0.26Mornington Nature Reserve National Reserve System Program II WA 312,958 0.24Nitmiluk (Katherine Gorge) National Park II NT 294,664 0.22Holroyd River Nature Refuge VI QLD 282,058 0.21Anindilyakwa Indigenous Protected Area VI NT 253,881 0.19Marion Downs Station Biodiversity Hotspot IV WA 249,627 0.19Strathburn Cattle Station Nature Refuge VI QLD 246,575 0.19Purnululu National Park II WA 243,831 0.19Jardine River National Park II QLD 234,313 0.18Rutland Plains Nature Refuge VI QLD 233,499 0.18Wardaman Indigenous Protected Area VI NT 224,704 0.17Garig Gunak Barlu National Park II NT 204,363 0.16Silver Plains National Reserve System Program Var QLD 203,364 0.15Pungalina Station Biodiversity Hotspot IV NT 194,845 0.15
The IUCN categories are as follows:Ia Strict Nature Reserve IUCN protected area management categories
classify protected areas according to their management objectives. The categories are recognised by international bodies such as the United Nations and are utilised by many national governments, including the Australian Government, as the global standard for defining and recording protected areas.
Ib Wilderness Area II National ParkIII Natural Monument or FeatureIV Habitat/Species Management AreaV Protected Landscape/ Seascape
VI Protected area with sustainable use of natural resources
Please refer to the IUCN website for further explanation: http://www.iucn.org/about/work/programmes/gpap_home/gpap_quality/gpap_pacategories/
For more information on Australia’s National Reserve System please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/land/national-reserve-system
Source: Collaborative Australian Protected Area Database 2012.
28 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
EPBC Act (1999) threatened ecological communitiesThreatened ecological communities
Name Listing status % of total distribution* % of zone**
Arnhem Plateau Sandstone Shrubland Complex Endangered 100 2.98Monsoon vine thickets on the coastal sand dunes of Dampier Peninsula Endangered 99.99 0.15
The community of native species dependent on natural discharge of groundwater from the Great Artesian Basin
Endangered 10.13 0.09
Littoral Rainforest and Coastal Vine Thickets of Eastern Australia Critically Endangered 1.84 0.001
* % of the total national distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the Threatened Ecological Community that is found within the zone.
** % of the total zone area describes the proportion of the zone that the Threatened Ecological Community is likely or known to occur in.
It should be noted that the identification of any given Threatened Ecological Community above does not imply that the Threatened Ecological Community (TEC) is found uniformly across the Conservation Management Zone. Rather, the % of the TEC’s total distribution (*) within the zone is an indication of its importance to that zone in terms of conservation efforts. The % of the zone (**) indicates how rare, or difficult the ecological community may be to find within the zone.
The threatened ecological communities above are listed under The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), which is the Australian Government’s principal environmental legislation. For more information, please refer to http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/communities
29 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
EPBC Act (1999) threatened species
Threatened mammals
Common name Scientific name Status % of total distribution*
% of zone**
Carpentarian Rock-rat, Aywalirroomoo Zyzomys palatalis Endangered 100 0.01Brush-tailed Rabbit-rat, Brush-tailed Tree-rat, Pakooma Conilurus penicillatus Vulnerable 100 0.00002
Northern Brush-tailed Phascogale Phascogale pirata Vulnerable 100 10.59Golden Bandicoot (mainland) Isoodon auratus auratus Vulnerable 100 0.49Arnhem Rock-rat, Arnhem Land Rock-rat, Kodjperr Zyzomys maini Vulnerable 100 0.93
Bramble Cay Melomys Melomys rubicola Endangered 95.14 0.000003
Black-footed Rock-wallaby (West Kimberley race)
Petrogale lateralis West Kimberley race Vulnerable 93.29 0.25
Bare-rumped Sheathtail Bat Saccolaimus saccolaimus nudicluniatus
Critically Endangered 90.57 22.65
Greater Large-eared Horseshoe Bat Rhinolophus philippinensis (large form) Endangered 84.45 2.23
Water Mouse, False Water Rat, Yirrkoo Xeromys myoides Vulnerable 72.39 1.64Northern Quoll Dasyurus hallucatus Endangered 58.86 27.25Spectacled Flying-fox Pteropus conspicillatus Vulnerable 56.7 2.94Carpentarian Antechinus Pseudantechinus mimulus Vulnerable 49.18 3.88Yellow-bellied Glider (Wet Tropics), Fluffy Glider Petaurus australis unnamed subsp. Vulnerable 44.02 0.23
30 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Threatened mammals
Common name Scientific name Status % of total distribution*
% of zone**
Spotted-tailed Quoll or Yarri (North Queensland subspecies) Dasyurus maculatus gracilis Endangered 29.76 0.34
Northern Bettong Bettongia tropica Endangered 27.32 0.12Julia Creek Dunnart Sminthopsis douglasi Endangered 23.39 0.47Greater Bilby Macrotis lagotis Vulnerable 18.74 25.92Karkarratul, Northern Marsupial Mole Notoryctes caurinus Endangered 4.22 2.35Koala (combined populations of Queensland, New South Wales and the Australian Capital Territory)
Phascolarctos cinereus (combined populations of Qld, NSW and the ACT)
Vulnerable 2.61 0.83
Itjaritjari, Southern Marsupial Mole, Yitjarritjarri Notoryctes typhlops Endangered 0.01 0.003
Semon’s Leaf-nosed Bat, Greater Wart-nosed Horseshoe-bat Hipposideros semoni Endangered May be
presentMay be present
Golden-backed Tree-rat, Koorrawal Mesembriomys macrurus Vulnerable May be present
May be present
Northern Hopping-mouse, Woorrentinta Notomys aquilo Vulnerable May be present
May be present
Butler’s Dunnart Sminthopsis butleri Vulnerable May be present
May be present
Grey-headed Flying-fox Pteropus poliocephalus Vulnerable May be present
May be present
Pilbara Leaf-nosed Bat Rhinonicteris aurantia (Pilbara form) Vulnerable May be
presentMay be present
Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus Endangered n/a n/aHumpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae Vulnerable n/a n/a
31 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Threatened birds
Common name Scientific name Status % of total distribution*
% of zone**
Golden-shouldered Parrot Psephotus chrysopterygius Endangered 100 0.80
Yellow Chat (Alligator Rivers) Epthianura crocea tunneyi Endangered 100 0.22
Purple-crowned Fairy-wren (western) Malurus coronatus coronatus Vulnerable 100 0.10
Partridge Pigeon (western) Geophaps smithii blaauwi Vulnerable 100 2.84
Hooded Robin (Tiwi Islands) Melanodryas cucullata melvillensis Endangered 100 0.47
Masked Owl (Tiwi Islands) Tyto novaehollandiae melvillensis Endangered 99.89 0.48Crested Shrike-tit (northern), Northern Shrike-tit Falcunculus frontatus whitei Vulnerable 99.86 34.13
Partridge Pigeon (eastern) Geophaps smithii smithii Vulnerable 99.82 6.79
Crimson Finch (white-bellied) Neochmia phaeton evangelinae Vulnerable 99.53 0.61
Buff-breasted Button-quail Turnix olivii Endangered 98.95 0.82
Gouldian Finch Erythrura gouldiae Endangered 98.89 31.93
Masked Owl (northern) Tyto novaehollandiae kimberli Vulnerable 93.11 25.82
Red Goshawk Erythrotriorchis radiatus Vulnerable 64.13 50.10
Black-throated Finch (southern) Poephila cincta cincta Endangered 37.19 1.83Southern Cassowary (Australian), Southern Cassowary Casuarius casuarius johnsonii Endangered 32.64 0.47
Australian Painted Snipe Rostratula australis Endangered 26.83 3.98
Star Finch (eastern), Star Finch (southern) Neochmia ruficauda ruficauda Endangered 15.08 4.66
Princess Parrot, Alexandra’s Parrot Polytelis alexandrae Vulnerable 15.0 0.003
Squatter Pigeon (southern) Geophaps scripta scripta Vulnerable 5.65 1.54
Australasian Bittern Botaurus poiciloptilus Endangered 4.46 1.26
Australian Fairy Tern Sternula nereis nereis Vulnerable 0.02 0.001
Herald Petrel Pterodroma heraldica Critically Endangered n/a n/a
Southern Giant-Petrel Macronectes giganteus Endangered n/a n/aWhite-bellied Storm-Petrel (Tasman Sea), White-bellied Storm-Petrel (Australasian) Fregetta grallaria grallaria Vulnerable n/a n/a
Slender-billed Thornbill (western) Acanthiza iredalei iredalei Vulnerable n/a n/a
* % of total distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the threatened species that is found within the zone.
** % of zone describes the proportion of the zone that the threatened species is likely or known to occur in.
The % of zone indicates how rare, or difficult the species may be to find within the zone.
32 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Threatened reptiles
Common Name Scientific name Status % of total distribution*
% of zone**
Arnhem Land Egernia Bellatorias obiri Endangered 100 0.44Yellow-snouted Gecko Lucasium occultum Endangered 98.19 0.42Mount Cooper Striped Lerista Lerista vittata Vulnerable 90.06 0.46Gulf Snapping Turtle Elseya lavarackorum Endangered 79.04 0.77Airlie Island Ctenotus Ctenotus angusticeps Vulnerable 34.98 0.04Yakka Skink Egernia rugosa Vulnerable 32.38 1.99Plains Death Adder Acanthophis hawkei Vulnerable 21.28 3.32Olive Ridley Turtle, Pacific Ridley Turtle Lepidochelys olivacea Endangered 0.17 0.27Hawksbill Turtle Eretmochelys imbricata Vulnerable 0.12 0.31Flatback Turtle Natator depressus Vulnerable 0.12 0.35Loggerhead Turtle Caretta caretta Endangered 0.09 0.31Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth Dermochelys coriacea Endangered 0.09 0.31Green Turtle Chelonia mydas Vulnerable 0.09 0.34
Short-nosed Seasnake Aipysurus apraefrontalis Critically Endangered 0.04 0.001
Ornamental Snake Denisonia maculata Vulnerable 0.03 0.002Great Desert Skink, Tjakura, Warrarna, Mulyamiji Liopholis kintorei Vulnerable May be
presentMay be present
Other threatened fauna
Common name Scientific name Status % of total distribution*
% of zone**
Fitzroy Land Snail Mesodontrachia fitzroyana Endangered 100 0.02Gove Crow Butterfly Euploea alcathoe enastri Endangered 99.99 1.23Largetooth Sawfish, Freshwater Sawfish, River Sawfish, Leichhardt’s Sawfish, Northern Sawfish
Pristis pristis Vulnerable 92.2 83.92
Kuranda Tree Frog Litoria myola Endangered 50.27 0.003Magnificent Brood Frog Pseudophryne covacevichae Vulnerable 39.47 0.03Common Mistfrog Litoria rheocola Endangered 35.41 0.66Waterfall Frog, Torrent Tree Frog Litoria nannotis Endangered 32.75 0.001Sharp-snouted Day Frog, Sharp-snouted Torrent Frog Taudactylus acutirostris Extinct 20.27 0.15
Speartooth Shark Glyphis glyphis Critically Endangered 6.94 0.02
Green Sawfish, Dindagubba, Narrowsnout Sawfish Pristis zijsron Vulnerable 4.96 0.02
Northern River Shark, New Guinea River Shark Glyphis garricki Endangered 4.87 0.03
Mountain Mistfrog Litoria nyakalensis Critically Endangered 2.39 0.005
Lace-eyed Tree Frog, Australian Lacelid Nyctimystes dayi Endangered 2.09 0.03Dwarf Sawfish, Queensland Sawfish Pristis clavata Vulnerable 1.93 0.29Lake Eacham Rainbowfish Melanotaenia eachamensis Endangered 0.82 0.00
Armoured Mistfrog Litoria lorica Critically Endangered
May be present
May be present
Southern Bluefin Tuna Thunnus maccoyii Conservation Dependent n/a n/a
Whale Shark Rhincodon typus Vulnerable n/a n/a
33 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Threatened flora
Common Name Scientific name Status % of total distribution*
% of zone**
a shrubAcacia sp. Graveside Gorge (V.J.Levitzke 806) NT Herbarium
Critically Endangered 100 0.01
Antelope Orchid Ceratobium antennatum Endangered 100 0.42
None Dipodium pictum Endangered 100 0.07
Keeled Tassel-fern Phlegmariurus carinatus Endangered 100 0.03
None Helicteres macrothrix Endangered 100 0.03
a herb Typhonium taylori Endangered 100 0.01
a tree Toechima sp. East Alligator (J.Russell-Smith 8418) Endangered 100 0.01
Darwin Palm Ptychosperma bleeseri Endangered 100 0.004
None Habenaria macraithii Endangered 100 0.004
Edgar Range Pandanus Pandanus spiralis var. flammeus Endangered 100 0.001
pale umbrella orchid Bulbophyllum longiflorum Vulnerable 100 0.0003
Cycas cairnsiana Cycad (Cycas cairnsiana) Vulnerable 100 0.13
a herb Typhonium mirabile Endangered 99.99 0.44
None Cyathea exilis Endangered 99.99 0.02
a palm Hydriastele costata Vulnerable 99.99 0.23
a herb Typhonium jonesii Endangered 99.98 0.57
a shrub Xylopia monosperma Endangered 99.98 0.57
Cycas silvestris Cycad (Cycas silvestris) Vulnerable 99.98 0.01
None Rhinerrhizopsis matutina Vulnerable 99.97 0.93
None Syzygium velarum Vulnerable 99.9 0.01
None Dischidia litoralis Vulnerable 99.76 0.0005
a vine Hoya australis subsp. oramicola Vulnerable 99.49 0.0003
Fringed Keraudrenia Keraudrenia exastia Critically Endangered 99.36 0.003
None Burmannia sp. Bathurst Island (R.Fensham 1021) Endangered 99.32 0.57
None Chamaesyce carissoides Vulnerable 99.2 0.96
None Calophyllum bicolor Vulnerable 98.66 0.63
Cycas platyphylla Cycad (Cycas platyphylla) Vulnerable 97.32 0.32
None Grevillea glossadenia Vulnerable 96.61 0.20
an orchid Cepobaculum carronii Vulnerable 95.73 2.55
None Acacia purpureopetala Vulnerable 95.14 0.03
None Cajanus mareebensis Endangered 93.02 21.69
Cooktown Orchid Dendrobium bigibbum Vulnerable 89.75 12.49
None Dendrobium johannis Vulnerable 89.73 6.45
34 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Threatened flora
Common Name Scientific name Status % of total distribution*
% of zone**
None Corymbia rhodops Vulnerable 87.59 0.03
None Tephrosia leveillei Vulnerable 86.33 0.005Australian Arenga Palm, Native Sugar Palm Arenga australasica Vulnerable 86.13 3.00
None Solanum carduiforme Vulnerable 85.83 0.15
BlueTassel-fern Phlegmariurus dalhousieanus Endangered 75.02 0.20
None Phaius pictus Vulnerable 72.16 0.32
Rock Tassel-fern, Water Tassel-fern Phlegmariurus squarrosus Endangered 58.19 0.02
Pale Chandelier Orchid Acriopsis emarginata Vulnerable 53.95 0.24
* % of total distribution describes the proportion of the total national distribution of the threatened species that is found within the zone.
** % of zone describes the proportion of the zone that the threatened species is likely or known to occur in. The % of zone indicates how rare, or difficult the species may be to find within the zone.
The above species are listed under The Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 (EPBC Act), the Australian Government’s principal environmental legislation.
Please note that the list of threatened flora species is not comprehensive. The flora listed here have a significant proportion of their total national distribution within the zone. For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/biodiversity/threatened/species or the Species Profiles and Threats Database http://www.environment.gov.au/cgi-bin/sprat/public/sprat.pl
35 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
EPBC Act (1999) migratory species
Migratory birds
Common name Scientific nameBarn Swallow Hirundo rusticaBar-tailed Godwit Limosa lapponicaBlack-faced Monarch Monarcha melanopsisBlack-naped Tern Sterna sumatranaBlack-tailed Godwit Limosa limosaBlack-winged Monarch Monarcha fraterBridled Tern Sterna anaethetusBroad-billed Sandpiper Limicola falcinellusBrown Booby Sula leucogasterCaspian Tern Sterna caspiaCattle Egret Ardea ibisCommon Greenshank, Greenshank Tringa nebularia
Common Noddy Anous stolidusCommon Sandpiper Actitis hypoleucosCurlew Sandpiper Calidris ferrugineaDouble-banded Plover Charadrius bicinctusEastern Curlew Numenius madagascariensisFork-tailed Swift Apus pacificusGreat Egret, White Egret Ardea alba
Great Frigatebird, Greater Frigatebird Fregata minor
Great Knot Calidris tenuirostrisGreater Sand Plover, Large Sand Plover Charadrius leschenaultii
Grey Plover Pluvialis squatarolaGrey-tailed Tattler Heteroscelus brevipesLatham’s Snipe, Japanese Snipe Gallinago hardwickii
Lesser Crested Tern Sterna bengalensisLesser Frigatebird, Least Frigatebird Fregata ariel
Lesser Sand Plover, Mongolian Plover Charadrius mongolus
Migratory birds
Common name Scientific nameLittle Curlew, Little Whimbrel Numenius minutus
Little Tern Sterna albifronsMarsh Sandpiper, Little Greenshank Tringa stagnatilis
Masked Booby Sula dactylatraOriental Plover, Oriental Dotterel Charadrius veredus
Oriental Pratincole Glareola maldivarumPacific Golden Plover Pluvialis fulva
Painted Snipe Rostratula benghalensis (sensu lato)
Rainbow Bee-eater Merops ornatusRed Knot, Knot Calidris canutusRed-footed Booby Sula sulaRed-necked Stint Calidris ruficollisRoseate Tern Sterna dougalliiRuddy Turnstone Arenaria interpresRufous Fantail Rhipidura rufifronsSanderling Calidris albaSarus Crane Grus antigoneSatin Flycatcher Myiagra cyanoleucaSharp-tailed Sandpiper Calidris acuminataSouthern Giant-Petrel Macronectes giganteusSpectacled Monarch Monarcha trivirgatusStreaked Shearwater Calonectris leucomelasStreaked Shearwater Puffinus leucomelasTerek Sandpiper Xenus cinereusWedge-tailed Shearwater Puffinus pacificus
Whimbrel Numenius phaeopusWhite-bellied Sea-Eagle Haliaeetus leucogaster
White-throated Needletail Hirundapus caudacutus
Wood Sandpiper Tringa glareola
36 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
For more information please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/migratory-species
Other migratory species
Common name Scientific name
Blue Whale Balaenoptera musculus
Bryde’s Whale Balaenoptera edeni
Dugong Dugong dugon
Flatback Turtle Natator depressus
Green Turtle Chelonia mydas
Hawksbill Turtle Eretmochelys imbricata
Humpback Whale Megaptera novaeangliae
Indo-Pacific Humpback Dolphin Sousa chinensis
Irrawaddy Dolphin Orcaella brevirostris
Killer Whale, Orca Orcinus orca
Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle, Luth Dermochelys coriacea
Loggerhead Turtle Caretta caretta
Longfin Mako Isurus paucus
Olive Ridley Turtle, Pacific Ridley Turtle Lepidochelys olivacea
Salt-water Crocodile, Estuarine Crocodile Crocodylus porosusSpotted Bottlenose Dolphin (Arafura/Timor Sea populations) Tursiops aduncus (Arafura/Timor Sea populations)
Whale Shark Rhincodon typus
37 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Threatened endemic species
Taxonomic group Scientific name Reservation status EPBC Act status IUCN status
Birds Aquila gurneyi Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Birds Geophaps smithii Recorded in reserves Vulnerable Near Threatened
Birds Amytornis woodwardi Recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Birds Psephotus chrysopterygius Recorded in reserves Endangered EndangeredCrabs, Yabbies, Isopods and Allies Austrothelphusa tigrina Not recorded
in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Crabs, Yabbies, Isopods and Allies Austrothelphusa valentula Not recorded
in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Dragonflies Antipodogomphus dentosus Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Dragonflies Hemigomphus magela Recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Dragonflies Eurysticta coomalie Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Dragonflies Lithosticta macra Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Dragonflies Huonia melvillensis Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Fish Craterocephalus helenae Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Fish Craterocephalus lentiginosus Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Fish Kimberleyeleotris hutchinsi Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Fish Kimberleyeleotris notata Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Fish Melanotaenia gracilis Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Fish Melanotaenia pygmaea Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Fish Hephaestus epirrhinos Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Fish Syncomistes rastellus Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Fish Glyphis garricki Recorded in reserves Endangered Critically Endangered
Fish Glyphis glyphis Recorded in reserves Critically Endangered Endangered
Fish Himantura granulata Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Fish Anoxypristis cuspidata Not recorded in reserves n/a Critically Endangered
Fish Pristis clavata Not recorded in reserves Vulnerable Critically Endangered
Fish Pristis pristis Recorded in reserves Vulnerable Critically Endangered
Fish Pristis zijsron Not recorded in reserves Vulnerable Critically Endangered
Threatened endemic species
38 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Threatened endemic species
Taxonomic group Scientific name Reservation status EPBC Act status IUCN status
Frogs Cophixalus crepitans Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Mammals Phascogale pirata Recorded in reserves Vulnerable Vulnerable
Mammals Pseudantechinus bilarni Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Mammals Sminthopsis butleri Not recorded in reserves Vulnerable Vulnerable
Mammals Macropus bernardus Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Mammals Petrogale burbidgei Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Mammals Petrogale coenensis Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Mammals Conilurus penicillatus Recorded in reserves Vulnerable Near Threatened
Mammals Notomys aquilo Recorded in reserves Vulnerable Endangered
Mammals Pseudomys calabyi Recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Mammals Zyzomys maini Recorded in reserves Vulnerable Near Threatened
Mammals Zyzomys palatalis Not recorded in reserves Endangered Critically Endangered
Molluscs Suavocallia splendens Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Amphidromus cognatus Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Molluscs Amplirhagada astuta Not recorded in reserves n/a Endangered
Molluscs Amplirhagada montalivetensis Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Molluscs Amplirhagada questroana Not recorded in reserves n/a Endangered
Molluscs Carinotrachia carsoniana Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Cristilabrum bubulum Not recorded in reserves n/a Endangered
Molluscs Cristilabrum buryillum Not recorded in reserves n/a Endangered
Molluscs Cristilabrum grossum Not recorded in reserves n/a Endangered
Molluscs Cristilabrum isolatum Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Cristilabrum monodon Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Cristilabrum primum Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Cristilabrum rectum Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Cristilabrum simplex Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Cristilabrum solitudum Not recorded in reserves n/a Endangered
Molluscs Cristilabrum spectaculum Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
39 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Threatened endemic species
Taxonomic group Scientific name Reservation status EPBC Act status IUCN status
Molluscs Damochlora millepunctata Not recorded in reserves n/a Endangered
Molluscs Damochlora spina Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Hadra wilsoni Recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Kimboraga exanimus Recorded in reserves n/a Endangered
Molluscs Kimboraga micromphala Recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Kimboraga yammerana Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Mesodontrachia desmonda Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Molluscs Mesodontrachia fitzroyana Not recorded in reserves Endangered Near Threatened
Molluscs Mouldingia occidentalis Recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Mouldingia orientalis Not recorded in reserves n/a Endangered
Molluscs Ningbingia australis Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Ningbingia bulla Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Ningbingia dentiens Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Ningbingia laurina Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Ningbingia octava Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Ningbingia res Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Ordtrachia australis Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Molluscs Ordtrachia elegans Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Ordtrachia septentrionalis Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Molluscs Prototrachia sedula Recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Rhagada gibbensis Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Rhagada harti Recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Setobaudinia victoriana Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Molluscs Tolgachloritis campbelli Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Torresitrachia thedana Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Turgenitubulus aslini Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Turgenitubulus costus Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
40 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Threatened endemic species
Taxonomic group Scientific name Reservation status EPBC Act status IUCN status
Molluscs Turgenitubulus depressus Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Turgenitubulus foramenus Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Turgenitubulus opiranus Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Turgenitubulus pagodula Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Turgenitubulus tanmurrana Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Westraltrachia alterna Recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Westraltrachia inopinata Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Westraltrachia lievreana Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Westraltrachia porcata Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Westraltrachia recta Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Westraltrachia subtila Recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Westraltrachia turbinata Recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Pilsbrycharopa tumida Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Molluscs Trochomorpha melvillensis Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Plants Cycas arenicola Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Plants Cycas armstrongii Recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Plants Cycas badensis Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Plants Cycas brunnea Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Plants Cycas conferta Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Plants Cycas couttsiana Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Plants Cycas desolata Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Plants Cycas semota Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Plants Cycas silvestris Not recorded in reserves Vulnerable Vulnerable
Plants Cycas tuckeri Recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Plants Ectrosia blakei Not recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a
Plants Macadamia claudiensis Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a
Plants Aglaia euryanthera Recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Plants Boronia quadrilata Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a
Plants Boronia viridiflora Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a
41 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Threatened endemic species
Taxonomic group Scientific name Reservation status EPBC Act status IUCN status
Plants Philotheca acrolopha Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a
Plants Zieria obovata Not recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a
Plants Zieria rimulosa Not recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a
Plants Alectryon repandodentatus Not recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Plants Toechima sp. east alligator Recorded in reserves Endangered n/a
Plants Myriophyllum coronatum Not recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a
Plants Solanum carduiforme Recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a
Plants Solanum dunalianum Not recorded in reserves Vulnerable n/a
Reptiles Carettochelys insculpta Recorded in reserves n/a Vulnerable
Reptiles Lepidochelys olivacea Recorded in reserves Endangered Vulnerable
Reptiles Lucasium occultum Not recorded in reserves Endangered n/a
Reptiles Leioselasma pacifica Not recorded in reserves n/a Near Threatened
Reptiles Bellatorias obiri Not recorded in reserves Endangered n/a
42 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
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43 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Invasive species
Invasive mammals
Common name Scientific name % of total distribution* % of zone**
Cat, House Cat, Domestic Cat Felis catus 0.39 1.58
Pig Sus scrofa 0.84 0.20
Black Rat, Ship Rat Rattus rattus 1.86 2.25
Domestic Dog Canis lupus familiaris 0.76 1.45
Rabbit, European Rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus 0.22 0.20
House Mouse Mus musculus 0.28 0.75
Domestic Cattle Bos taurus 0.58 2.26
Red Fox, Fox Vulpes vulpes 0.11 0.76
Brown Rat, Norway Rat Rattus norvegicus 1.4 0.92
Feral deer species in Australia Feral deer 0.69 0.13
Horse Equus caballus 0.11 0.52
Goat Capra hircus 0.03 0.04
Brown Hare Lepus capensis 0.01 0.01
* % of the total national distribution of the invasive species found within the zone.
** % of the total zone area that the invasive species is likely or known to occur in.
Other invasive fauna
Common name Scientific name % of total distribution* % of zone**
Cane Toad Rhinella marina 1.54 2.26
House Sparrow Passer domesticus 0.9 2.02
Rock Pigeon, Rock Dove, Domestic Pigeon Columba livia 0.92 1.78
Nutmeg Mannikin Lonchura punctulata 8.36 1.69
Spotted Turtle-Dove Streptopelia chinensis 2.61 1.65
Common Myna, Indian Myna Acridotheres tristis 3.33 1.31
Common Starling Sturnus vulgaris 0.68 1.12
Asian House Gecko Hemidactylus frenatus 5.77 0.99
Mourning Gecko Lepidodactylus lugubris 31.55 0.45
Mallard Anas platyrhynchos 0.74 0.40Flowerpot Blind Snake, Brahminy Blind Snake, Cacing Besi Ramphotyphlops braminus 1.93 0.08
Red Junglefowl, Domestic Fowl Gallus gallus 11.91 0.00
Indian Peafowl, Peacock Pavo cristatus 0.7 0.00
44 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
* % of the total national distribution of the invasive species found within the zone.
** % of the total zone area that the invasive species is likely or known to occur in.
It should be noted that the identification of any given invasive species above does not imply that the species is found uniformly across the Conservation Management Zone. The % of the zone area (**) indicates how common or rare the species may be within the zone.
For more information on invasive species please refer to: http://www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/invasive-species
Invasive flora
Common name Scientific name % of total distribution* % of zone** Lantana, Common Lantana, Kamara Lantana, Large-leaf Lantana, Pink Flowered Lantana, Red Flowered Lantana, Red-Flowered Sage, White Sage, Wild Sage
Lantana camara 5.89 2.18
Hymenachne, Olive Hymenachne, Water Stargrass, West Indian Grass, West Indian Marsh Grass
Hymenachne amplexicaulis 9.58 1.64
Buffel-grass, Black Buffel-grass Cenchrus ciliaris 0.56 1.47Salvinia, Giant Salvinia, Aquarium Watermoss, Kariba Weed Salvinia molesta 6.04 1.42
Pond Apple, Pond-apple Tree, Alligator Apple, Bullock’s Heart, Cherimoya, Monkey Apple, Bobwood, Corkwood
Annona glabra 51.2 1.37
Parthenium Weed, Bitter Weed, Carrot Grass, False Ragweed Parthenium hysterophorus 2.77 1.29
Rubber Vine, Rubbervine, India Rubber Vine, India Rubbervine, Palay Rubbervine, Purple Allamanda
Cryptostegia grandiflora 2 1.03
Cabomba, Fanwort, Carolina Watershield, Fish Grass, Washington Grass, Watershield, Carolina Fanwort, Common Cabomba
Cabomba caroliniana 8.53 0.66
Gamba Grass Andropogon gayanus 6.85 0.48Cotton-leaved Physic-Nut, Bellyache Bush, Cotton-leaf Physic Nut, Cotton-leaf Jatropha, Black Physic Nut
Jatropha gossypifolia 1.41 0.43
Cat’s Claw Vine, Yellow Trumpet Vine, Cat’s Claw Creeper, Funnel Creeper Dolichandra unguis-cati 5.81 0.25
Madeira Vine, Jalap, Lamb’s-tail, Mignonette Vine, Anredera, Gulf Madeiravine, Heartleaf Madeiravine, Potato Vine
Anredera cordifolia 2.76 0.20
Climbing Asparagus-fern Asparagus plumosus 6.41 0.16Climbing Asparagus-fern, Ferny Asparagus Protasparagus plumosus 6.41 0.16Delta Arrowhead, Arrowhead, Slender Arrowhead Sagittaria platyphylla 2.31 0.15
Water Hyacinth, Water Orchid, Nile Lily Eichhornia crassipes 1.94 0.14Fireweed, Madagascar Ragwort, Madagascar Groundsel Senecio madagascariensis 1.05 0.12
Prickly Acacia Acacia nilotica subsp. indica 0.13 0.12Prickly Pears Opuntia spp. 0.32 0.09Asparagus Fern, Ground Asparagus, Basket Fern, Sprengi’s Fern, Bushy Asparagus, Emerald Asparagus
Asparagus aethiopicus 2.59 0.06
Prickly Acacia, Blackthorn, Prickly Mimosa, Black Piquant, Babul Vachellia nilotica 0.02 0.01
Mesquite, Algaroba Prosopis spp. 0.02 0.01Parkinsonia, Jerusalem Thorn, Jelly Bean Tree, Horse Bean Parkinsonia aculeata 0.01 0.01
45 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Vegetation profiles and management recommendationsVegetation extent information and species lists contained in the vegetation profiles are based on analysis from the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS), including analysis of Major Vegetation Subgroups and NVIS Level V descriptions. Please see http://www.environment.gov.au/node/18930 for more information.
The management recommendations have been drawn from EPBC Act Recovery Plans, EPBC Act Ecological Communities Listing Advice and other sources. The recommendations are indicative only. Systematic reviews of management literature, consultation processes and improved Natural Resource Management program monitoring and evaluation will support development of a comprehensive set of management recommendations over time.
46 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Eucalyptus woodlands with a tussock grass understorey vegetation profile
Protection Sustainable Agricultural Practice
Rehabilitation Fire Management
Wildlife Management
Weed Management
Feral Animal Management
Disease Management
Manage post-fire grazing pressure from domestic livestock.
Manage total grazing pressure to maintain ground cover.
Implement customary Aboriginal fire management approaches.
Burn progressively from early dry season to reduce risk of extensive late season wildfires.
Undertake mosaic burns, ideally at hectare scale (at most tens of hectares) and with fire-free intervals of at least 4-5 years.
Protect vulnerable habitats such as riparian corridors, rocky landscapes and monsoon rainforest patches from burning.
Manage invasive grass species, especially Gamba Grass and Buffel Grass.
Manage Rubber Vine.
Maintain Dingo populations to suppress populations of vertebrate pests.
98.86%Remaining
Change in extent
Pres
ent d
ay
Pre-
1750
19.6% 19.4%
Commonly found species within this communityEucalyptus leptophleba; Eucalyptus platyphylla; Eucalyptus tetrodonta; Eucalyptus crebra; Eucalyptus microneura; Eucalyptus microtheca; Corymbia clarksoniana; Corymbia polycarpa; Eucalyptus tectifica; Acacia shirleyi; Eucalyptus miniata; Corymbia dallachiana; Corymbia tessellaris; Melaleuca nervosa; Corymbia confertiflora; Grevillea glauca; Schizachyrium fragile; Gardenia vilhelmii; Carissa lanceolata; Petalostigma banksii; shrub; Heteropogon contortus; Planchonia careya; Sorghum plumosum; Chrysopogon fallax; Themeda triandra; tussock grass.
Management recommendations
47 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Tropical Eucalyptus forests and woodlands with a tall annual tussock grass understorey vegetation profile
Protection Sustainable Agricultural Practice
Rehabilitation Fire Management
Wildlife Management
Weed Management
Feral Animal Management
Disease Management
Manage post-fire grazing pressure from domestic livestock.
Manage total grazing pressure to maintain ground cover.
Implement customary Aboriginal fire management approaches.
Burn progressively from early dry season to reduce risk of extensive late season wildfires.
Undertake mosaic burns, ideally at hectare scale (at most tens of hectares) and with fire-free intervals of at least 4-5 years.
Protect vulnerable habitats such as riparian corridors, rocky landscapes and monsoon rainforest patches from burning.
Manage invasive grass species, especially Gamba Grass and Buffel Grass.
Manage Rubber Vine.
Maintain Dingo populations to suppress populations of vertebrate pests.
97.71%Remaining
Change in extent
Pres
ent d
ay
Pre-
1750
11.2% 11%
Commonly found species within this communityEucalyptus tetrodonta; Eucalyptus tectifica; Eucalyptus dichromophloia; Eucalyptus miniata; Corymbia bleeseri; Livistona humilis; Planchonia careya; Chrysopogon fallax; Brachychiton paradoxus; Sorghum intrans; Heteropogon triticeus; Flueggea virosa subsp. melanthesoides; Sorghum plumosum; tussock grass.
Management recommendations
48 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Eucalyptus woodlands with a hummock grass understorey vegetation profile
99.95%Remaining
Commonly found species within this communityEucalyptus leucophloia; Eucalyptus brevifolia; Corymbia dichromophloia; Eucalyptus phoenicea; Eucalyptus pruinosa; Eucalyptus miniata; Calytrix exstipulata; Grevillea parallela; Acacia lysiphloia; Acacia alleniana; Atalaya hemiglauca; Erythrophleum chlorostachys; Triodia pungens; Triodia bitextura; Triodia microstachya; Eriachne ciliata; hummock grass; tussock grass.
Change in extent
Pres
ent d
ay
Pre-
1750
9.1% 9.1%
Protection Sustainable Agricultural Practice
Rehabilitation Fire Management
Wildlife Management
Weed Management
Feral Animal Management
Disease Management
Manage post-fire grazing pressure from domestic livestock.
Manage total grazing pressure to maintain ground cover.
Implement customary Aboriginal fire management approaches.
Burn progressively from early dry season to reduce risk of extensive late season wildfires.
Undertake mosaic burns, ideally at hectare scale (at most tens of hectares) and with fire-free intervals of at least 4-5 years.
Protect vulnerable habitats such as riparian corridors, rocky landscapes and monsoon rainforest patches from burning.
Manage flammable invasive grass species, especially Gamba Grass and Buffel Grass.
Manage Rubber Vine.
Maintain Dingo populations to suppress populations of vertebrate pests.
Management recommendations
49 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Hummock grasslands vegetation profile
Protection Sustainable Agricultural Practice
Rehabilitation Fire Management
Wildlife Management
Weed Management
Feral Animal Management
Disease Management
Protect natural springs and soaks from changes in water flows/water table levels through encouraging wise water usage and reducing surface and ground-water extraction.
Encourage uptake of conservation agreements and covenants on private land and Indigenous land.
Avoid overgrazing.
Manage total grazing pressure.
Manage the impacts of native browsers (kangaroos).
If possible, re-introduce soil engineering species, such as Greater Bilby and Northern Bettong populations, where predatory pests are controlled.
Manage for weeds particularly in 2-3 years following higher than average rainfall.
Manage rabbits and foxes simultaneously to prevent foxes switching to predation on native species, or increased rabbit populations.
Manage pests intensively, particularly in 2-3 years following higher than average rainfall.
Maintain Dingo populations to suppress populations of vertebrate pests.
99.67%Remaining
Commonly found species within this communityeEucalyptus brevifolia; Eucalyptus dichromophloia; Eucalyptus terminalis; Adansonia gregorii; Bauhinia cunninghamii; Eucalyptus setosa; Eucalyptus grandifolia; Eucalyptus pruinosa; Acacia ptychophylla; Hakea macrocarpa; Acacia adsurgens; Triodia pungens; Triodia wiseana; Triodia bitextura; hummock grass; tussock grass.
Change in extent
Pres
ent d
ay
Pre-
1750
6.1% 6%
Management recommendations
50 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Melaleuca open forests and woodlands vegetation profile
Management recommendations
Protection Sustainable Agricultural Practice
Rehabilitation Fire Management
Wildlife Management
Weed Management
Feral Animal Management
Disease Management
Maintain a 40 metre minimum buffer zone around vegetation.
Protect from changes to water flow and water quality, including the impacts of run-off, salinity or pollution.
Seek agreements with private landholders to help integrate floodplain management across private and public lands.
Do not place artificial watering or feeding points within remnants.
Wherever possible, exclude stock. Do not set stock.
Protect from chemical spray drift.
Avoid soil disturbance and fertiliser run-off.
Undertake fine-scale mosaic burning, leaving unburnt patches to ensure the presence of different age classes of vegetation within the mosaic.
Total absence of fire is detrimental and leads to imbalanced densities of woody species.
Manage weeds including aggressive weeds such as Arum Lily.
Avoid adverse impacts from chemicals or other mechanisms to manage weeds.
Control invasive animals (such as goats, pigs and feral horses).
Develop and implement suitable hygiene protocols to protect sites from potential outbreaks of Myrtle Rust (Uredo rangelii).
99.46%Remaining
Commonly found species within this communityMelaleuca viridiflora; Melaleuca leucadendra; Melaleuca cajuputi; Melaleuca citrolens; Melaleuca stenostachya; Melaleuca saligna; Eucalyptus pruinosa; Eucalyptus polycarpa; Corymbia latifolia; Corymbia clarksoniana; Corymbia stockeri; Asteromyrtus symphyocarpa; Flueggea virosa; Terminalia canescens; Carissa lanceolata; Terminalia canescens; Chrysopogon fallax; Eremochloa bimaculata; Sorghum plumosum; Eulalia aurea; Aristida dominiifern; tussock grass.
Change in extent
Pres
ent d
ay
Pre-
1750
5.81% 5.78%
51 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Eucalyptus open forests with a grassy understorey vegetation profile
Management recommendations
Protection Sustainable Agricultural Practice
Rehabilitation Fire Management
Wildlife Management
Weed Management
Feral Animal Management
Disease Management
Manage post-fire grazing pressure from domestic livestock.
Manage total grazing pressure to maintain ground cover.
Implement customary Aboriginal fire management approaches.Burn progressively from early dry season to reduce risk of extensive late season wildfires.Undertake mosaic burns, ideally at hectare scale (at most tens of hectares) and with fire-free intervals of at least 4–5 years.Protect vulnerable habitats such as riparian corridors, rocky landscapes and monsoon rainforest patches from burning.
Manage flammable invasive grass species, especially Gamba Grass and Buffel Grass.
Manage rubber Vine.
Maintain Dingo populations to suppress populations of vertebrate pests.
98.5%Remaining
Commonly found species within this communityEucalyptus tetrodonta; Corymbia dichromophloia; Eucalyptus miniata; Eucalyptus microtheca; Eucalyptus brevifolia; Eucalyptus ferruginea; Erythrophleum chlorostachys; Callitris intratropica; Carissa lanceolata; Bossiaea bossiaeoides; Boronia lanuginosa; Calytrix exstipulata; Livistona humilis; Gardenia megasperma; Heteropogon triticeus; Sorghum plumosum; Chrysopogon fallax; tussock grass.
Change in extent
Pres
ent d
ay
Pre-
1750
5.7% 5.6%
52 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Dry rainforest or vine thickets vegetation profile
Management recommendations
Protection Sustainable Agricultural Practice
Rehabilitation Fire Management
Wildlife Management
Weed Management
Feral Animal Management
Disease Management
Protect from infrastructure works and maintenance activities involving substrate or vegetation disturbance.
Create buffer zones of native vegetation to protect from adjacent areas of development.
Where appropriate, fence significant remnants in or adjacent to urban or tourist areas and limit access for vehicles.
Protect from changes to water flow through encouraging wise-water use, and monitor and manage for run-off, salinity or pollution.
Avoid extraction of groundwater in surrounding agricultural lands.
Maintain and reconnect remnant patches.
Plant local indigenous vine thicket species, including key indigenous canopy species.
Avoid mid-late dry season fires in adjacent lands, to minimise the risk of fire entering remnant patches.As far as is possible, prevent managed and wild fires from entering buffer zones around remnants.Ensure low fuel loads in surrounding buffers, as well as in adjacent Pindan ecological communities.Discourage the use of fire as a means to control biomass and weeds in, or near to, remnants.
Protect and maintain large native fruiting trees, and shrubs and vines, as well as dead trees, as they provide critical habitat for fauna.
Ensure chemicals or other mechanisms used to eradicate weeds do not have an adverse effect on remnant vegetation.
Discourage the planting of exotic species in residential developments adjacent or near to remnants.
Actively control cats, cattle, donkeys and pigs.
99.38%Remaining
Commonly found species within this communityAcacia auriculiformis; Canarium australianum; Aglaia sapindina; Bombax ceiba; Nauclea orientalis; Welchiodendron longivalve; Acacia midgleyi; Gyrocarpus americanus; Peltophorum pterocarpum; Ficus spp; Diospyros spp; Buchanania arborescens; Aleurites moluccana; Tabernaemontana orientalis; Dimorphocalyx australiensis; Pongamia pinnata; Calophyllum sil; Lomandra sp; Dianella sp; Doryopteris concolor; tussock grass; sedge; fern.
Change in extent
Pres
ent d
ay
Pre-
1750
0.6%
0.5%
53 / Conservation Management Zones of Australia, North Australian Tropical Savanna
Heathlands vegetation profile* Heathlands in this zone refers to sandstone heathlands of the Arnhem Plateau. The Heathlands Major Vegetation Subgroup is not mapped comprehensively by the National Vegetation Information System (NVIS) and therefore the extent data is not fully representative. The true extent is probably better reflected by the threatened ecological community listing for the Arnhem Plateau Sandstone Shrubland Complex (approximately 3% of the North Australia Tropical Savanna Woodlands zone).
Management recommendations
Protection Sustainable Agricultural Practice
Rehabilitation Fire Management
Wildlife Management
Weed Management
Feral Animal Management
Disease Management
Protect from infrastructure works and maintenance activities involving substrate or vegetation disturbance.
Protect from changes to water flow including changes to run-off, sedimentation, seed spread or pollution.
Undertake fine-scale mosaic burns.
Kakadu National Park has developed a fire management plan which incorporates thresholds criteria specifically for the Arnhem Plateau.
Ensure fire intervals are no more frequent than five or more years.
Control weeds including Gamba Grass, Mission Grass, Hairy Fountain Grass and Rattlepod.
Ensure chemicals or other mechanisms used to eradicate weeds do not have an adverse effect on vegetation.
Monitor for and eradicate invasive ants including the African big-headed ant, tropical fire ant or ginger ant and yellow crazy ant.
Control feral cats with trapping and shooting.
83.5%Remaining
Commonly found species within this communityCalytrix exstipulata; Petraeomyrtus punicea; Acacia spp; Banksia spp; Callitris spp; Corymbia spp; Eucalyptus spp; Ficus spp; Pandanus spp; Boronia spp; Calytrix spp; Gardenia spp; Grevillea spp; Hibbertia spp; Hibiscus spp; Jacksonia spp; Lithomyrtus spp; Pityrodia spp; Tephrosia spp; Eriachne spp; Goodenia spp; Spermacoce spp; Stylidium spp; Utricularia spp; Triodia microstachya.
Change in extent
Pres
ent d
ay
Pre-
1750
0.13%
0.11%
ALC
100.
0915