CONSERVATION, RESTORATION & CONSERVATION, RESTORATION & MANAGEMENT OF LAKESMANAGEMENT OF LAKES

Jahnavi R, Jyotsna Sripada & Divya P

Vidyaniketan Pre-University CollegeUllal Upanagar, Bangalore 560 056

December 28, 2006

OBJECTIVEOBJECTIVE

STUDY OF CONSERVATION, RESTORATION STUDY OF CONSERVATION, RESTORATION AND MANAGEMENT OF LAKES.AND MANAGEMENT OF LAKES.

EMPHASIS ON CONTRIBUTION OF LAKES EMPHASIS ON CONTRIBUTION OF LAKES TO OUR ECO-SYSTEM.TO OUR ECO-SYSTEM.

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTIONUSES OF LAKES :USES OF LAKES :

ESSENTIAL FOR HUMAN HABITATESSENTIAL FOR HUMAN HABITAT HOME TO BIRDS, FLORA & FAUNA HOME TO BIRDS, FLORA & FAUNA USEFUL IN RECHARGING GROUND USEFUL IN RECHARGING GROUND WATERWATER

VITAL PART OF THE FRESH WATER VITAL PART OF THE FRESH WATER ECO-SYSTEMECO-SYSTEM

FLOOD CONTROL AND STORM FLOOD CONTROL AND STORM PROTECTIONPROTECTION

INTRODUCTIONINTRODUCTION contd.contd.

CAUSES FOR LAKE DEPLETION:CAUSES FOR LAKE DEPLETION:

– INADEQUATE RAINFALLINADEQUATE RAINFALL

– INDUSTRIAL WASTESINDUSTRIAL WASTES

– DIGGING OF BOREWELLSDIGGING OF BOREWELLS

– UNPLANNED URBANIZATIONUNPLANNED URBANIZATION

PROJECT STUDIES

Sample analysis of Ullal lake. Conclusion of a survey conducted in

the area. Interview with an environmentalist Detailed study of Ulsoor lake .

SAMPLE ANALYSIS OF ULLAL LAKE

PARAMETER

CONCENTRATION

STANDARD VALUE

CONCLUSION

PH 7.4 6 - 8.5 NORMAL

DISSOLVED OXYGEN

6.4 mg/l 9.1 mg/l NORMAL

BIOLOGICAL OXYGEN DEMAND

1.1mg/l 1 – 2mg/l NORMAL

E.COLI 240 - CONTAMINATED WITH PATHOGENS

CHLORIDES 25mg/l - NORMAL

INTERACTION WITH PUBLIC

NUMBER OF RESPONDENTS 15

PERIOD OF RESIDENCY 4 TO 20 YEARS

OCCUPATION DETAILS ORGANISED SECTOR -8BUSINESS- 2,UNORGANISED- 5

AGE GROUP OF RESPONDENTS

7 TO 60 YEARS

INTERACTION WITH PUBLIC INTERACTION WITH PUBLIC contdcontd

ACTIVITIES SPOILING THE LAKE:ACTIVITIES SPOILING THE LAKE:

DUMPING WASTE MATTERDUMPING WASTE MATTER

USAGE AS PUBLIC TOILETUSAGE AS PUBLIC TOILET

IMMERSION OF IDOLSIMMERSION OF IDOLS

LAKE PROBLEMS

EUTROPHICATION – The ageing process

SEDIMENTATION – Soils wash into the lake

EXCESS ALGAE – Microscopic aquatic plants

CONTAMINATION – Pollution from toxic substances

ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION OF POLLUTANTS

EXCESSIVE WEED GROWTH

DUMPED GARBAGE

CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL

DYING AND DECOMPOSING BLUE GREEN ALGAE BLOOM

BREEDING MOSQUITO LARVAE

STRATEGIES FOR RESTORATION (ULLAL LAKE) ADHERENCE TO WATER QUALITY STANDERDS(WQS)

WEED REMOVAL

AFFORESTATION ALONG TANK BUND DESILTATION

PREVENT POINT SOURCE OF POLLUTION

CORRECT NON-POINT SOURCE POLLUTION PROBLEMS

DETAILED STUDY OF ULSOOR LAKE

Size: 50 acres

Current problems:

HYACINTH INFESTED WATER

CONTAMINATED WITH SLIME

UNCHECKED EFFLUNTES

SEWAGE DISCHARGE

UNPLANNED URBANISATION

STUDY OF ULSOOR LAKE CONTD

SUGGESTIONS FROM “SAVE ULSOOR LAKE FOUNDATION”

DESILTING OF LAKE

MEASURES TO PREVENT SEWAGE AND POLLUTANTS

EFFECT OF INADEQUATE DISSOLVED OXYGEN

LOST LAKESNAME OF LAKE STATUS NOW

SHOOLY LAKE FOOTBALL STADIUM

AKKITHIMMANAHALI LAKE

HOCKEY STADIUM

DARMAMBUDI LAKE KEMPEGOWDA BUS STAND

CHALLAGATTA LAKE GOLF COURSE

DOMLUR LAKE BDA LAYOUT

NAGASHETTIHALI LAKE

SPACE DEPARTMENT

KEMPEGOWDA BUS STATION – ONCE

DHARMAMBUDI LAKE

GOLF COURSE- ONCE CHALLAGHATTA LAKE

STADIUM – ONCE SHOOLAY LAKE

RESIDENTIAL LAYOUT – ONCE KORAMANGALA LAKE

lake Conservation

DEVELOP AQUATIC LIFE

PREVENT ENCROACHMENT

SET UP AN INTERAGENCY REGULATORY BODY

INVOLVE INSTITUTIONS AND COLLEGES INWATER QUALITY MONITORING

CREATE PUBLIC AWARENESS.

IN-LAKE RESTORATION TECHNIQUESMETHOD ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGE

S

DILUTION WASHES OUT SURFACE ALGAE

REQUIRES LARGE VOLUME OF WATER

ARTIFICIAL CIRCULATION

PROVIDES AERATION AND OXYGENATION

DOES NOT DECREASE ALGAE BIOMASS

DREDGING CONTROLS AQUATIC VEGETATION

HIGH COST

AQUATIC PLANT CONTROL TECHNIQUES

METHOD ADVANTAGES DRAWBACKS

Manual Methods: (Handpulling, raking and cutting)

Inexpensive. Flexible.Inexpensive. Flexible. Not practical for large Not practical for large areas.areas.

Weed Rolling: Rolls plants flat or detaches them from bottom sediment

Easy to operate, Can Easy to operate, Can give season-long give season-long control.control.

Good only for limited Good only for limited area around dock.area around dock.

Herbicides: Apply chemicals to kill or control plants.

May control May control macrophyte and algae macrophyte and algae growth.growth.

Potential toxic effects. Potential toxic effects. Decomposes plant Decomposes plant materialmaterial

Sediment Covers (Bottom barriers)

Nontoxic. Low Nontoxic. Low environmental impacenvironmental impactt

High cost. Prone to High cost. Prone to damage, displacement, damage, displacement, and plant regrowthand plant regrowth

WETLAND MANAGEMENT INTENSIVE MONITORING

INTERACTION AND COOPERATION AMONG VARIOUS AGENCIES INVOLVED

MAINTAIN IMPORTANT NATURAL PROCESSES THAT OPERATE ON LAKES THAT MAY BE ALTERED BY HUMAN ACTIVITIES

CONDUCT REGULAR WATER QUALITY MONITORING

CREATING BUFFER ZONES FOR LAKE PROTECTION

DEVELOPMENT OF WATER QUALITY DATABASE

ANALYSE AND DISCUSS CASE STUDIES

CONCLUSIONCONCLUSION ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURE OF ENVIRONMENTAL PRESSURE OF

UNPLANNED URBANIZATION AND GROWING UNPLANNED URBANIZATION AND GROWING POPULATION HAVE TAKEN ITS TOLL ON POPULATION HAVE TAKEN ITS TOLL ON WETLANDS.WETLANDS.

LAKES ARE POLLUTED MAINLY DUE TO LAKES ARE POLLUTED MAINLY DUE TO SEWAGE FROM DOMESTIC & INDUSTRIAL SEWAGE FROM DOMESTIC & INDUSTRIAL SECTORSSECTORS

IT REQUIRES IMMEDIATE ATTENTION FROM IT REQUIRES IMMEDIATE ATTENTION FROM THE AUTHORITIES TO RESTORE THEMTHE AUTHORITIES TO RESTORE THEM

HAD ALL THE LAKES BEEN PROTECTED,

BANGALORE WOULD HAVE BEEN NEXT TO

WALES OF U.K.

T H A N K Y O U