constitution, 2008.pdf
TRANSCRIPT
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
1/423
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
2/423
jynfaxmifpkorwjrefrmEdkifiHawmf
zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'
(2008 ckESpf)
Constitution of the Republic of the
Union of Myanmar
(2008)
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
3/423
Printing
September, 2008
(10000) Copies
Printed by
Printing & Publishing Enterprise,Ministry of Information
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
4/423
yHkEdSyfjcif;
2008 ckESpf? pufwifbmvtkyfa& (10000)
yHkEdSyf
jyefMum;a&;0efBuD;Xme? yHkEdSyfa&;ESifhpmtkyfxkwfa0a&;vkyfief;wGifyHkEdSyfonf/
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
5/423
CONTENTS
CHAPTER PAGE
- Preamble . . . 1
1. Basic Principles of the Union . . . 3
2. State Structure . . . 13
3. Head of State . . . 19
4. Legislature . . . 27
5. Executive . . . 75
6. Judiciary . . . 125
7. Defence Services . . . 148
8. Citizen, Fundamental Rights and Duties of the Citizens . . . 149
9. Election . . . 157
10. Political Parties . . . 163
11. Provisions on State of Emergency . . . 165
12. Amendment of the Constitution . . . 173
13. State Flag, State Seal, National Anthem and the Capital . . . 175
14. Transitory Provisions . . . 177
15. General Provisions . . . 179
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
6/423
rmwdumrmwdumrmwdumrmwdumrmwdum
pOfpOfpOfpOfpOf taMumif;t&mtaMumif;t&mtaMumif;t&mtaMumif;t&mtaMumif;t&m pmrsufESmpmrsufESmpmrsufESmpmrsufESmpmrsufESm
- ed'gef; ... 1
1/ tcef; (1) EdkifiHawmftajccHrlrsm; ... 3
2/ tcef; (2) EdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;wnfaqmufykH ... 13
3/ tcef; (3) EdkifiHawmftBuD;tuJ ... 19
4/ tcef; (4) Oya'jyKa&; ... 27
5/ tcef; (5) tkyfcsKyfa&; ... 75
6/ tcef; (6) w&m;pD&ifa&; ... 125
7/ tcef; (7) wyfrawmf ... 1488/ tcef; (8) EkdifiHom;? EkdifiHom;rsm;\
rlvtcGifhta&;ESifhwm0efrsm; ... 149
9/ tcef; (9) a&G;aumufwifajrmufjcif; ... 157
10/ tcef; (10) EdkifiHa&;ygwDrsm; ... 163
11/ tcef; (11) ta&;ay:umvqdkif&mjy|mef;csufrsm; ... 165
12/ tcef; (12) zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'jyifqifjcif; ... 173
13/ tcef; (13) EdkifiHawmftvH? txdrf;trSwfwHqdyfoDcsif;ESifhNrdKUawmf ... 175
14/ tcef; (14) ul;ajymif;a&;umvjy|mef;csufrsm; ... 177
15/ tcef; (15) taxGaxGjy|mef;csufrsm; ... 179
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
7/423
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
8/423
ed'gef;ed'gef;ed'gef;ed'gef;ed'gef;
jrefrmEdkifiHawmfonfordkif;tpOftvmBuD;rm;aom EdkifiHawmfjzpfayonf/uREkfyfwdkY wdkif;&if;om;jynfoltaygif;wdkYonf pnf;vHk;nDGwfpGm wpfom;wnf;aexdkifvmcJhMuNyD; tcsKyftjcmtmPmydkif vGwfvyfaomEdkifiHtjzpf xlaxmifumxnf0gpGm &yfwnfcJhMuayonf/
udkvdkeDe,fcsJUwdkY\usL;ausmfrIaMumifh 1885 ckESpfwGif EdkifiHawmftmPm
vHk;0vufvGwfqHk;HI;cJh&ayonf/ wdkif;&if;om;jynfoltaygif;wdkYonfpnf;vHk;nDGwfrIpGrf;tm;jzifh e,fcsJUqefYusifa&;ESifhtrsKd;om;vGwfajrmufa&;wdkufyGJrsm;udktoufaygif;rsm;pGmpaw; qifETJcJhMuaomaMumifh 1948 ckESpf Zefe0g&Dv 4 &ufaeYwGiftcsKyftjcmtmPmydkifvGwfvyfaomEdkifiHawmftjzpfjyefvnf&yfwnfEdkifcJhayonf/
vGwfvyfa&;tjref&&Sd&eftwGufzGJUpnf;tkyfcsKyfyHktajccHOya'udktvsiftjrefa&;qGJum 1947 ckESpf pufwifbmv 24 &ufaeYwGif wdkif;jynfjyKvTwfawmfutwnfjyKjy|mef;cJhNyD; vGwfvyfa&;&&Sdaomtcg EdkifiHawmfwGiftqdkyg zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'jzifhygvDref'Drdkua&pDpepfudkazmfaqmifusifhoHk;cJhMuayonf/ odkY&mwGifEdkifiHawmf 'Drdkua&pDpepfudk yDjyifpGm usifhoHk;EdkifrIr&Sdojzifh 1974 ckESpfwGifwpfygwDyHkpHudktajccHvsufzGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'wpf&yfudka&;qGJNyD; jynfvHk;uRwfqEcH,lyGJusif;y twnfjyKjy|mef;um qdk&S,fvpf'Drdkua&pD EdkifiHawmftjzpfBudK;yrf;wnfaxmifcJhjyefayonf/ 1988 ckESpfwGif EdkifiHawmf jzpfay:vmonfhtajctaet&yf&yfaMumifhtqdkygzGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'rSmvnf; &yfqdkif;oGm;cJh&onf/
xYdkaemuffEdkifiHawmfat;csrf;om,ma&;ESifhzGHUNzdK;a&;aumifpDu jynfolrsm;\vdktifqEESifhtnDygwDpkH'Drdkua&pDpepfESifhaps;uGufpD;yGm;a&;pepfwdkYudkrdrdEdkifiHESifhvdkufavsmnDaxGpGm xlaxmifEdkif&eftwGuf BudK;yrf;wnfaqmufay;cJhayonf/
tem*wfEdkifiHawmfwGifa&&SnftusKd;&SdNyD; cdkifrmonfhzGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'
wpf&yfr&SdrjzpfvdktyfonfhtwGufEdkifiHawmfat;csrf;om,ma&;ESifhzGHUNzdK;a&;aumifpDonf1993 ckESpfrSp trsKd;om;nDvmcHudkac:,lusif;yay;cJhonf/
trsKd;om;nDvmcHwGif EdkifiHa&;? vkHNcHKa&;? tkyfcsKyfa&;? pD;yGm;a&;? vlrIa&;ESifhOya'a&;&mponfhIaxmifhrsKd;pHkrS tawGUtMuHK
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
9/423
Despite many difficulties and disturbances encountered the National Convention,
it was unwaveringly reconvened in 2004 in accord with the seven-step Roadmap
adopted in 2003. As the National Convention was able to adopt the Basic Principles and
Detailed Basic Principles for formulating a Constitution, it successfully concluded on 3rd
September 2007.
We, the National people, drafted this Constitution of the Republic of the Union of
Myanmar in accord with the Basic Principles and Detailed Basic Principles laid down by
the National Convention.
We, the National people, firmly resolve that we shall :
- steadfastly adhere to the objectives of non-disintegration of the Union, non-disintegration of National solidarity, and perpetuation of sovereignty;
- stalwartly strive for further burgeoning theeternal principlesnamely justice,
liberty, equality and perpetuation of peace and prosperity of the National
people;
- uphold racial equality, living eternally in unity fostering the firm Union Spirit of
true patriotism;
- constantly endeavour to uphold the principles of peaceful co-existence
among nations with a view to having world peace and friendly relations among
nations.
DO HEREBY ADOPT this Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmarthrough a nation-wide referendum on the Tenth day of Kasone Waning, 1370 M.E.
(The Twenty-Ninth day of May, 2008 A.D.)
2
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
10/423
trsKd;om;nDvmcHusif;y&mwGif tcuftcJtaESmifht,Sufrsm; MuHKawGUcJh&aomfvnf; 2003 ckESpfwGifcsrSwfcJhaom EdkifiHawmfa&SUqufoGm;rnfhrl0g'vrf;pOf(7) &yfESifhtnDtrsKd;om;nDvmcHudk 2004 ckESpfwGif rqkwfrepfaom ZGJvHkYvjzifhqufvufusif;ycJh&m cdkifrmaom EdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'wpf&yfay:ayguf&eftwGuftajccH&rnfhrlrsm;ESifhtao;pdwftajccH&rnfhrlrsm;udktESpfom&jynhf0pGmcsrSwffEdkifcJhMuojzifh2007 ckESpf? pufwifbmv 3 &ufaeYwGiftrsKd;om;nDvmcHonfatmifjrifpGm NyD;ajrmufcJhayonf/
uREkfyfwdkYwdkif;&if;om;jynfoltaygif;wdkYonftrsKd;om;nDvmcHu csrSwfay;cJhonfh tajccHrlrsm;ESifh tao;pdwftajccH&rnfhrlrsm;ESifhtnD jynfaxmifpkorwjrefrmEdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'udka&;qGJcJhMuayonf/
uREkfyfwdkYwdkif;&if;om;jynfoltaygif;wdkYonf-- jynfaxmifpkrNydKuGJa&;? wdkif;&if;om;pnf;vHk;nDGwfrIrNydKuGJa&;ESifh
tcsKyftjcmtmPm wnfwHhcdkiffNrJa&;[laom OD;wnfcsufrsm;udktpOfwpdkufrrSdwfrokef pGJNrJpGm cH,lapmifhxdef;oGm;Murnf[koEd|mefcsrSwfvnf;aumif;?
- EdkifiHawmf w&m;rQwjcif;? vGwfvyfjcif;ESifhnDrQjcif;wnf;[laomavmuygvw&m;rsm; xGef;um;apvsufwdkif;&if;om;jynfoltrsm;Nidrf;csrf;om,m0ajyma&;udk wnfwHhcdkifNrJatmif pOfqufrjywfaqmif&Gufxdef;odrf;oGm;Murnf[koEd|mefcsrSwfvnf;aumif;?
- EdkifiHawmftwGif; vlrsKd;a&;wef;wlrIjzifh ppfrSefaom rsKd;cspfpdwf"mwfjzpfonfhjynfaxmifpkpdwf"mwfudk cdkifNrJpGmarG;jrLvsufxm0pOfpnf;vHk;nDGwfpGm twlwuG vufwGJaexdkifMurnf[k oEd|mefcsrSwfvnf;aumif;?
- urmhNidrf;csrf;a&;ESifhEdkifiHtcsif;csif; rdwf0wfrysufaygif;oif; qufqHa&;udka&S;IvsufNidrf;csrf;pGm twl,SOfwGJaexdkifa&;rlrsm;udkapmifhxdef;&eftpOfBudK;yrf;Murnf[koEd|mefcsrSwfvnf;aumif;?
jynfaxmifpkorwjrefrmEdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'udkou&mZf1370jynfhESpf? uqkefvjynfhausmf 10 &uf (c&pfESpf 2008 ckESpf? arv 29 &uf) aeYwGifjynfvHk;uRwfqEcH,lyGJBuD;jzifhtwnfjyKjy|mef;vdkufMuonf/
2
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
11/423
Chapter I
Basic Principles of the Union
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
12/423
tcef; (1)tcef; (1)tcef; (1)tcef; (1)tcef; (1)
EdkifiHawmftajccHrlrsm;EdkifiHawmftajccHrlrsm;EdkifiHawmftajccHrlrsm;EdkifiHawmftajccHrlrsm;EdkifiHawmftajccHrlrsm;
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
13/423
Chapter I
Basic Principles of the Union
The Republic of the Union of Myanmar
1. Myanmar is an independent sovereign Nation.
2. The State shall be known as the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.
3. The State is where multi-National races collectively reside.
4. The Sovereign power of the Union is derived from the citizens and is in force in the
entire country.
5. The territory of the State shall be the land, sea, and airspace which constitutes its
territory on the day this Constitution is adopted.
Basic Principles
6. The Unions consistent objectives are :
(a) non-disintegration of the Union;
(b) non-disintegration of National solidarity;
(c) perpetuation of sovereignty;
(d) flourishing of a genuine, disciplined multi-party democratic system;
(e) enhancing the eternal principles of Justice, Liberty and Equality in the Union
and;
(f) enabling the Defence Services to be able to participate in the National political
leadership role of the State.
7. The Union practises genuine, disciplined multi-party democratic system.
8. The Union is constituted by the Union system.
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
14/423
tcef; (1)tcef; (1)tcef; (1)tcef; (1)tcef; (1)
EdkifiHawmftajccHrlrsm;EdkifiHawmftajccHrlrsm;EdkifiHawmftajccHrlrsm;EdkifiHawmftajccHrlrsm;EdkifiHawmftajccHrlrsm;
EdkifiHawmfEdkifiHawmfEdkifiHawmfEdkifiHawmfEdkifiHawmf1/ jrefrmEdkifiHonftcsKyftjcmtmPmydkifvGwfvyfonfhEdkifiHjzpfonf/
2/ EdkifiHawmfudkjynfaxmifpkorwjrefrmEdkifiHawmf[kac:wGif&rnf/
3/ EkdifiHawmfonfwkdif;&if;om;vlrsKd;aygif;pkHwkdYpkaygif;aexdkifMuaom EkdifiHjzpfonf/
4/ EdkifiHawmf\ tcsKyftjcmtmPmonfEdkifiHom;rsm;xHrSqif;oufNyD; EdkifiHawmfwpf0ef;vkH; wnfonf/
5/ EdkifiHawmf\ajrxk? a&xkESifh avxkwdkYyg0ifaom e,fedrdwfonf zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya' twnfjzpfonhfaeYwGifwnf&Sdonfhtwdkif;jzpfonf/
tajccHrlrsm;tajccHrlrsm;tajccHrlrsm;tajccHrlrsm;tajccHrlrsm;6/ EdkifiHawmfonf-
(u) jynfaxmifpkrNydKuGJa&;?( c ) wdkif;&if;om;pnf;vkH;nDGwfrIrNydKuGJa&;?( * ) tcsKyftjcmtmPmwnfwHhcdkifNrJa&;?(C) ppfrSef pnf;urf;jynfh0aom ygwDpHk'Drdkua&pDpepfxGef;um;a&;?( i ) EdkifiHawmf w&m;rQwjcif;? vGwfvyfjcif;ESihfnDrQjcif;wnf;[laom
avmuygvw&m;rsm; ydkrdkxGef;um;a&;ESifh( p ) EdkifiHawmf\ trsKd;om;EdkifiHa&;OD;aqmifrItcef;u@wGifwyfrawmfu
yg0ifxrf;aqmifEdkifa&;wdkYudktpOfwpdkufOD;wnfonf/
7/ EdkifiHawmfonfppfrSefpnf;urf;jynfh0aom ygwDpHk'Drkdua&pDpepfudkusihfokH;onf/
8/ EdkifiHawmfudkjynfaxmifpkpepfjzihfzGJUpnf;wnfaqmufonf/
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
15/423
9. (a) The existing seven Divisions are designated as seven Regions and the existing
seven States are designated as seven States. Those seven Regions and seven
States are of equal status.
(b) The names of those seven Regions and seven States are retained as they
exist.
(c) If it is desired to change the name of a Region or a State, it shall be done so
with the enactment of a law after ascertaining the desire of citizens residing in
the Region or State concerned.
10. No part of the territory constituted in the Union such as Regions, States, Union
Territories and Self-Administered Areas shall ever secede from the Union.
11. (a) The three branches of sovereign power namely, legislative power, executive
power and judicial power are separated, to the extent possible, and exert
reciprocal control, check and balance among themselves.
(b) The three branches of sovereign power, so separated are shared among the
Union, Regions, States and Self-Administered Areas.
12. (a) The legislative power of the Union is shared among the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw,
Region Hluttaws and State Hluttaws. Legislative power stipulated by this
Constitution shall be shared to the Self-Administered Areas.
(b) The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw consisting of two Hluttaws, one Hluttaw elected on
the basis of township as well as population, and the other on an equal number
of representatives elected from Regions and States.
4
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
16/423
9/ (u) &Sd&if;pGJwdkif;(7)wdkif;udkwkdif;a'oBuD;(7)cktjzpfvnf;aumif;? &Sd&if;pGJjynfe,f(7)jynfe,fudkjynfe,f(7)jynfe,ftjzpfvnf;aumif; ykdif;jcm;owfrSwfonf/ xdkwkdif;a'oBuD;(7)ckESihfjynfe,f(7)jynfe,fwdkYonftqihftwef;wlnDMuonf?
( c ) xkdwdkif;a'oBuD;(7)ckESihfjynfe,f(7)jynfe,fwdkY\ trnfrsm;udk&Sd&if;pGJtwdkif; ac:qdkoHk;EIef;onf?
( * ) wdkif;a'oBuD;wpfckck\trnfudkjzpfap? jynfe,fwpfe,fe,f\trnfudkjzpfap ajymif;vJowfrSwfvdkvQifoufqdkif&mwdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf
jynfe,ftwGif;aexdkifMuaom EdkifiHom;rsm;\qE&,lNyD; Oya'jy|mef;jcif;jzifhajymif;vJowfrSwf&rnf/
10/ EdkifiHawmfwGifyg0ifonhfwdkif;a'oBuD;rsm;? jynfe,frsm;? jynfaxmifpke,fajrrsm;?udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&pD&ifpkrsm;ponhf EdkifiHawmf\e,fajrtydkif;tjcm; [lorQonfEdkifiHawmfrSrnfonfhtcgrQ cGJrxGuf&/
11/ (u) EdkifiHawmftcsKyftjcmtmPm\ cufrokH;jzmjzpfonfh Oya'jyKa&;
tmPm? tkyfcsKyfa&;tmPmESihfw&m;pD&ifa&;tmPmwdkYudkwwfEdkiforQydkif;jcm;okH;pGJjcif;ESihftcsif;csif;tjyeftvSefxdef;ausmif;jcif;wdkYjyKonf?( c ) xkdodkYydkif;jcm;xm;onfh EdkifiHawmftmPmokH;&yfudk jynfaxmifpk?
wdkif;a'oBuD;rsm;? jynfe,frsm;ESifhudk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&pD&ifpkrsm;tm;cGJa0tyfESif;onf/
12/ (u) EdkifiHawmf\ Oya'jyKa&;tmPmudk jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf? wdkif;a'oBuD;vTwfawmfESihfjynfe,fvTwfawmfrsm;tm; cGJa0tyfESif;onf/udk,fydkiftkkyfcsKyfcGihf&pD&ifpkrsm;tm; zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'u
owfrSwfaom Oya'jyKa&;tmPmudkcGJa0tyfESif;onf?( c ) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfwGifNrdKUe,fukdtajccHvnf;aumif;? vlOD;a&ukd
tajccHvnf;aumif;? a&G;aumufwifajrmufonfhvTwfawmfwpf&yf?wdkif;a'oBuD;rsm;ESifh jynfe,frsm;rS ukd,fpm;vS,fOD;a& wlnDpGma&G;aumufwifajrmufonfhvTwfawmfwpf&yf[l vTwfawmfESpf&yfyg&Sdonf/
4
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
17/423
13. There shall be a Region Hluttaw in each of the seven Regions, and a State Hluttaw
in each of the seven States.
14. The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, the Region Hluttaws and the State Hluttaws include the
Defence Services personnel as Hluttaw representatives nominated by the Commander-in-
Chief of the Defence Services in numbers stipulated by this Constitution.
15. For National races with suitable population, National races representatives are
entitled to participate in legislature of Regions or States and Self-Administered Areas
concerned.
16. The Head of the Union and the Head of Executive of the Union is the President.
17. (a) The executive power of the Union is shared among the Pyidaungsu, Regions
and States; Self-Administrative power shall be shared between Self-
Administered Areas as prescribed by this Constitution.
(b) In the executive of the Union, Regions, States, Union Territory, Self-
Administered Areas and districts, Defence Services personnel, nominated
by the Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services to undertake
responsibilities of the defence, security, border administration, so forth, shall
be included.
(c) For National races of which representatives are so permitted to participate
in legislature of Regions, States or Self-Administered Areas in accord with
Section 15, such representatives are to be permitted to participate, mainly,
to undertake their National races affairs.
5
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
18/423
13/ wdkif;a'oBuD;(7)ckwGif wdkif;a'oBuD;vTwfawmfwpf&yfpDESifh jynfe,f(7)jynfe,fwGifjynfe,fvTwfawmfwpf&yfpD&Sdonf/
14/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf? wdkif;a'oBuD;vTwfawmfESifhjynfe,fvTwfawmfrsm;wGifvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;tjzpfzGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya't& owfrSwfonhfOD;a&twdkif; wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfu trnfpm&if;wifoGif;onhfwyfrawmfom;rsm;yg0ifonf/
15/ avsmfuefoifhjrwfaom vlOD;a&&Sdonfhwdkif;&if;om;vlrsKd;rsm;twGufoufqdkif&mwdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fESifh udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&pD&ifpk Oya'jyKa&;wGifxdkwdkif;&if;om;vlrsKd;udk,fpm;vS,frsm; yg0ifcGihf&Sdonf/
16/ EdkifiHawmftMuD;tuJESifhEdkifiHawmftkyfcsKyfa&;tBuD;tuJonfEkdifiHawmforwjzpfonf/
17/ (u) EdkifiHawmftkyfcsKyfa&;tmPmudk jynfaxmifpk? wdkif;a'oBuD;ESihf
jynfe,frsm;tm; cGJa0tyfESif;onf/ udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&pD&ifpkrsm;tm;udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfa&;tmPmudkzGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya't& owfrSwfay;onfhtwdkif; cGJa0tyfESif;onf?
(c ) jynfaxmifpk? wdkif;a'oBuD;ESifhjynfe,f? jynfaxmifpke,fajr? ukd,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf& pD&ifpkESihfhcdkiftkyfcsKyfa&;wdkYwGifumuG,fa&;? vkHjcHKa&;?e,fpyftkyfcsKyfa&;ponfh wm0efrsm;xrf;aqmif&ef wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfu trnfpm&if;wifoGif;onfhwyfrawmfom;rsm;yg0ifonf?
( * ) yk'fr 15 t& oufqdkif&m wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fESihfudk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&pD&ifpkOya'jyKa&;wGifudk,fpm;vS,fyg0ifcGifh&&Sdonhfwdkif;&if;om;vlrsKd;jzpfvQif xdkwdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fESihfudk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&pD&ifpktkyfcsKyfa&;wGift"dutm;jzihfxkdwkdif;&if;om;vlrsKd;rsm;a&;&mudk aqmif&GufEdkifa&;twGuf wdkif;&if;om;vlrsKd;udk,fpm;vS,frsm; yg0ifcGihfjyK&rnf/
5
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
19/423
18. (a) The judicial power of the Union is shared among the Supreme Court of the
Union, High Courts of the Regions, High Courts of the States and Courts of
different levels including Courts of Self-Administered Areas.
(b) There shall be one Supreme Court of the Union. The Supreme Court of the
Union is the highest Court of the Republic.
(c) The Supreme Court of the Union has powers to issue writs.
(d) A High Court of the Region or State is constituted in each Region or State.
19. The following are prescribed as judicial principles :
(a) to administer justice independently according to law;
(b) to dispense justice in open court unless otherwise prohibited by law;
(c) to guarantee in all cases the right of defence and the right of appeal under
law.
20. (a) The Defence Services is the sole patriotic defence force which is strong,
competent and modern.
(b) The Defence Services has the right to independently administer and adjudicate
all affairs of the armed forces.
(c) The Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services is the Supreme
Commander of all armed forces.
(d) The Defence Services has the right to administer for participation of the
entire people in Union security and defence.
(e) The Defence Services is mainly responsible for safeguarding the non-
disintegration of the Union, the non-disintegration of National solidarity and
the perpetuation of sovereignty.
(f) The Defence Services is mainly responsible for safeguarding the Constitution.
6
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
20/423
18/ (u) EdkifiHawmf\w&m;pD&ifa&;tmPmudkjynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyf?wdkif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmfrsm;? jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmfrsm;ESihfudk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&pD&ifpkw&m;kH;rsm; tygt0if tqifhqihfaomw&m;kH;rsm;tm; cGJa0tyfESif;onf?
(c ) jynfaxmifpkwGifjynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfwpf&yfxm;&Sdonf/jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfonfEdkifiHawmf\tjrihfqkH; w&m;kH;jzpfonf?
(* ) jynfaxmifpkw&m;vTwfawmfcsKyfwGifpmcRefawmftrdefYrsm; xkwfydkifcGihf
tmPmrsm;&Sdonf?(C) wdkif;a'oBuD;wdkif;wGif wdkif;a'oBuD;w&m;vTwfawmf wpf&yfpD
vnf;aumif;? jynfe,fwdkif;wGif jynfe,fw&m;vTwfawmf wpf&yfpDvnf;aumif; xm;&Sdonf/
19/ atmufygwdkYudkw&m;pD&ifa&;rlrsm;tjzpfowfrSwfonf(u) Oya'ESihftnDvGwfvyfpGmw&m;pD&ifa&;?( c ) Oya't&uefYowfcsufrsm;rSty jynfolYa&SUarSmufwGifw&m;pD&ifa&;?
( * ) trIrsm;wGifOya't& ckcHacsycGifhESifht,lcHykdifcGifh&&Sda&;/20/ (u) wyfrawmfonftiftm;awmifhwif;NyD; pGrf;&nfxufjrufaom acwfrD
onfhwpfckwnf;aom rsKd;cspfwyfrawmfjzpfonf?( c ) wyfrawmfonf wyfydkif;qdkif&mudptm;vHk;udk vGwfvyfpGmpDrHcefYcGJ
pD&ifaqmif&GufydkifcGifh&Sdonf?( * ) wyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfonf vufeufudkifwyfzGJUtm;vHk;\
tBuD;tuJ jzpfonf?(C) wyfrawmfonfEdkifiHawmfvHkjcHKa&;ESifhumuG,fa&;wGifjynfolwpf&yfvHk;
yg0ifa&;twGufpDrHaqmif&GufcGifh&Sdonf?( i ) jynfaxmifpkrNydKuGJa&;? wkdif;&if;om;pnf;vHk;nDGwfrIrNydKuGJa&;ESifh
tcsKyftjcmtmPmwnfwHhcdkifNrJa&;wdkYudk umuG,fapmifha&Smuf&efwyfrawmfwGift"duwm0ef&Sdonf?
( p ) wyfrawmfonf Ed kifiHawmfzGJ Upnf;yH ktajccHOya'udk umuG,fapmifha&Smuf&eft"duwm0ef&Sdonf/
6
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
21/423
21. (a) Every citizen shall enjoy the right of equality, the right of liberty and the right
of justice, as prescribed in this Constitution.
(b) No citizen shall be placed in custody for more than 24 hours without the
permission of a Court.
(c) Every citizen is responsible for public peace and tranquility and prevalence
of law and order.
(d) Necessary law shall be enacted to make citizens freedoms, rights, benefits,
responsibilities and restrictions effective, steadfast and complete.
22. The Union shall assist :
(a) to develop language, literature, fine arts and culture of the National races;
(b) to promote solidarity, mutual amity and respect and mutual assistance among
the National races;
(c) to promote socio-economic development including education, health,
economy, transport and communication, so forth, of less-developed National
races.
23. The Union shall :
(a) enact necessary laws to protect the rights of the peasants;
(b) assist peasants to obtain equitable value of their agricultural produce.
24. The Union shall enact necessary laws to protect the rights of workers.
25. The Union shall assist to promote the interests of the intellectuals and intelligentsia.
7
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
22/423
21/ (u) EdkifiHom;wdkif;onfzGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'wGifowfrSwfjy|mef;xm;onfhwef;wlnDrQrItcGifhta&;? vGwfvyfrItcGifhta&;? w&m;rQwrItcGifhta&;wdkYcHpm;cGifh&Sdonf?
( c ) w&m;Hk;\ cGifhjyKcsufr&&Sdu EdkifiHom;wpfOD;udk24 em&DxufausmfvGefcsKyfaESmifxm;cGifhr&Sdap&?
( * ) jynfolwkdY\ at;csrf;om,ma&;ESifh w&m;Oya'pdk;rdk;a&;wkdYonfEdkifiHom;wdkif;\wm0efjzpfonf?
(C) EdkifiHom;rsm;\ vGwfvyfcGifh? vkyfyd kifcGif h? cHpm;cGif h? wm0efESif h
wm;jrpfcsufrsm; xda&mufcdkifrmjynfhpHkap&efvdktyfaomOya' jy|mef;&rnf/
22/ EdkifiHawmfonf(u) wkdif;&if;om;rsm;\ pum;? pmay? tEkynm? ,Ofaus;rIwdk Yudk
zGHUNzdK;wkd;wufap&efulnDaqmif&Gufrnf?( c) wkdif;&if;om;tcsif;csif; pnf;vHk;nDGwfa&;? cspfMunfav;pm;a&;ESifh
dkif;yif;ulnDa&;wdkYwdk;wufjzpfxGef;ap&efulnDaqmif&Gufrnf?
( *) wdk;wufzGHUNzdK;rIenf;yg;aeonfhwkdif;&if;om;rsm;\ ynma&;? usef;rma&;?pD;yGm;a&;? vrf;yef;qufoG,fa&; ponfwkdYyg0ifaom vlrIpD;yGm;a&;wdk;wufzGHUNzdK;a&;twGufulnDaqmif&Gufrnf/
23/ EdkifiHawmfonfawmifolv,form;rsm;\ -(u) tcGifhta&;rsm; umuG,fapmifha&Smuf&efvdktyfonfhOya'rsm; jy|mef;
aqmif&Gufrnf?( c ) pdkufysKd;xkwfvkyfonfhaumufyJoD;ESHrsm; oifhwifhrQwonfhwefzdk;&&Sd&ef
ulnDaqmif&Gufrnf/
24/ EdkifiHawmfonftvkyform;rsm;\ tcGifhta&;rsm; umuG,fapmifha&Smuf&efvdktyfonfhOya'rsm; jy|mef;aqmif&Gufrnf/
25/ EdkifiHawmfonftodynm&Sif? twwfynm&Sifrsm;\tusKd;udkulnDaqmif&Gufrnf/
7
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
23/423
26. (a) Civil Services personnel shall be free from party politics.
(b) The Union shall enact necessary laws for Civil Services personnel to have
security and sufficiency of food, clothing and shelter, to get maternity benefits
for married women in service, and to ease livelihood for welfare of retired
Service personnel.
27. The Union shall assist development, consolidation and preservation of National
culture.
28. The Union shall :
(a) earnestly strive to improve education and health of the people;
(b) enact the necessary law to enable National people to participate in matters
of their education and health;
(c) implement free, compulsory primary education system;
(d) implement a modern education system that will promote all-around correct
thinking and a good moral character contributing towards the building of the
Nation.
29. The Union shall provide inputs, such as technology, investments, machinery, raw
materials, so forth, to the extent possible for changeover from manual to mechanized
agriculture.
30. The Union shall provide inputs, such as technology, investments, machinery, raw
materials, so forth, to the extent possible, for development of industries.
31. The Union shall, to the extent possible, assist to reduce unemployment among the
people.
8
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
24/423
26/ (u) EdkifiHh0efxrf;rsm;onfygwDEdkifiHa&;ESifhuif;&Sif;&rnf?( c ) EdkifiHawmfonf EdkifiHh0efxrf;rsm;\ vkyfief;cGiftmrcHcsuf&&Sda&;?
pm;0wfaerIzlvHka&;? tdrfaxmif&SiftrsKd;orD;0efxrf;rsm; rD;zGm;jcif;qdkif&mtusKd;cHpm;cGifh&&Sda&;ESifhtNidrf;pm;0efxrf;rsm; pm;0wfaerIoufomacsmifcsda&;wdkYtwGufvdktyfonfhOya'rsm; jy|mef;&rnf/
27/ EdkifiHawmfonf trsKd;om;,Ofaus;rI zGHUNzdK;wkd;wufckdifrma&;ESifhapmifha&Smuf
xdef;odrf;a&;twGufulnDaqmif&Gufrnf/
28/ EdkifiHawmfonf-(u) jynfolrsm;\ ynma&;ESifhusef;rma&; wdk;wufapa&;wdkYtwGuf
tav;xm;aqmif&Guf&rnf?(c ) jynfolrsm;\ ynma&;ESifhusef;rma&;wdkYwGifwdkif;&if;om;jynfolrsm;u
yg0ifaqmiffGufEdkif&efvdktyfrnfhOya' jy|mef;aqmif&Guf&rnf?(* ) tcrJhroifrae& rlvwef;ynma&;pepfazmfaqmif&rnf?
(C) bufpHktawG;tac: t,ltqrSefuef tusihfpm&dwaumif;rGefNyD;EdkifiHawmfwnfaqmufa&;twGuftusKd;jyKrnfh acwfrDynma&;pepfazmfaqmif&rnf/
29/ EkdifiHawmfonfvufrIv,f,mrSpufrIv,f,modkYul;ajymif;Ekdif&efenf;ynm?t&if;tESD;? pufypnf;? ukefMurf; tp&SdonfwdkYudktwwfEdkifqHk; jznfhqnf;&rnf/
30/ EkdifiHawmfonfpufrIvufrIvkyfief;rsm; wdk;wufzGHUNzdK;a&;twGufvdktyfonfhenf;ynm? t&if;tESD;? pufypnf;? ukefMurf; tp&SdonfwdkYudk twwfEdkifqHk;jznfhqnf;&rnf/
31/ EkdifiHawmfonf jynfolrsm; tvkyfvufrJhenf;yg;ap&ef wwfEdkiforQ ulnDaqmif&Guf&rnf/
8
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
25/423
32. The Union shall :
(a) care for mothers and children, orphans, fallen Defence Services personnels
children, the aged and the disabled;
(b) ensure disabled ex-Defence Services personnel a decent living and free
vocational training.
33. The Union shall strive for youth to have strong and dynamic patriotic spirit, the
correct way of thinking and to develop the five noble strengths.
34. Every citizen is equally entitled to freedom of conscience and the right to freely
profess and practise religion subject to public order, morality or health and to the other
provisions of this Constitution.
35. The economic system of the Union is market economy system.
36. The Union shall :
(a) permit all economic forces such as the State, regional organizations, co-
operatives, joint-ventures, private individual, so forth, to take part in
economic activities for the development of National economy;
(b) protect and prevent acts that injure public interests through monopolization
or manipulation of prices by an individual or group with intent to endanger
fair competition in economic activities;
(c) strive to improve the living standards of the people and development of
investments;
9
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
26/423
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
27/423
(d) not nationalize economic enterprises;
(e) not demonetize the currency legally in circulation.
37. The Union :
(a) is the ultimate owner of all lands and all natural resources above and below
the ground, above and beneath the water and in the atmosphere in the
Union;
(b) shall enact necessary law to supervise extraction and utilization of State-
owned natural resources by economic forces;
(c) shall permit citizens right of private property, right of inheritance, right of
private initiative and patent in accord with the law.
38. (a) Every citizen shall have the right to elect and be elected in accord with the
law.
(b) Electorate concerned shall have the right to recall elected peoples
representatives in accord with the provisions of this Constitution.
39. The Union shall enact necessary law to systematically form political parties for
flourishing of a genuine, disciplined multi-party democratic system.
40. (a) If there arises a state of emergency characterized by inability to perform
executive functions in accord with the provisions of the Constitution in a
Region or a State or a Self-Administered Area, the President is empowered
to exercise executive power in that Region, State or Self-Administered
Area and, if necessary in doing so, the President is empowered to exercise
10
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
28/423
(C) pD;yGm;a&;qdkif&mvkyfief;rsm;udkEdkifiHydkifodrf;,ljcif;rjyK?( i ) w&m;0ifxkwfa0xm;aom aiGaMu;udk w&m;r0ifaiGaMu;tjzpf
owfrSwfjcif;rjyK/
37/ EdkifiHawmfonf-(u) EkdifiHawmf&Sdajrtm;vHk;? ajray:ajratmuf? a&ay:a&atmufESifhavxk
twGif;&Sdo,HZmwypnf;tm;vHk;\ yif&if;ydkif&Sifjzpfonf?( c ) EdkifiHydkifo,HZmwypnf;rsm;tm; pD;yGm;a&;tiftm;pkrsm;u xkwf,l
okH;pGJjcif;udkuGyfuJBuD;MuyfEdkif&efvdktyfonfhOya' jy|mef;&rnf?( *) EdkifiHom;rsm;tm; ypnf;ydkifqdkifcGifh? tarGqufcHcGifh? udk,fydkifvkyfudkifcGifh?
wDxGifcGifhESifhrlydkifcGifhwkdYudkOya'jy|mef;csufESifhtnDcGifhjyK&rnf/
38/ (u) EdkifiHom;wdkif;onf Oya'ESifhtnD a&G;aumufwifajrmufcGifhESif ha&G;aumufwifajrmufcHydkifcGifh&Sdonf?
( c ) a&G;aumufwifajrmufxm;aom jynfolUudk,fpm;vS,fudkoufqdkif&mrJqE&Sifrsm;u zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'wGifjy|mef;xm;csufrsm;ESifhtnD
wm0efrSjyefvnfkyfodrf;cGifh&Sdonf/
39/ Ed kifiHawmfonf ppfrSef pnf;urf;jynfh0aom ygwDpH k'Drd kua&pDpepfxGef;um;a&;twGufEdkifiHa&;ygwDrsm;udkpepfwuszGJUpnf;Edkif&efvdktyfonfhOya'jy|mef;aqmif&Guf&rnf/
40/ (u) wdkif;a'oBuD;wpfckwGifjzpfap? jynfe,fwpfe,fwGifjzpfap? udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&pD&ifpkwpfpkwGifjzpfap? tkyfcsKyfa&;qdkif&mvkyfief;rsm;udk
zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csufrsm;ESifhtnDaqmif&GufEdkkifjcif;r&Sdonfhta&;ay:tajctae ay:aygufvQifEdkifiHawmforwonfxdkwdkif;a'oBuD;? jynfe,f odkYr[kwf udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&pD&ifpk\tkyfcsKyfa&;qdkif&mtcGifhtmPmudkokH;pGJaqmif&GufcGihf&Sdonf/ xdkodkYaqmif&Guf&m vdktyfvQif xdkwdkif;a'oBuD;? jynfe,f okdYr[kwfudk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&pD&ifpkESifhoufqdkifonfhOya'jyKtcGifhtmPmrsm;udk
10
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
29/423
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
30/423
zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'wGifowfrSwfjy|mef;csufrsm;ESifhtnDEdkifiHawmforwu okH;pGJaqmif&GufcGihf&Sdonf?
( c ) wdkif;a'oBuD;wpfckwGifjzpfap? jynfe,fwpfe,fwGifjzpfap? udk,fydkiftkyffcsKyfcGifh&pD&ifpkwpfpkwGifjzpfap? jynfolrsm;\ touftdk;tdrfpnf;pdrfudkxdyg;tE&m,fjyKrnfhta&;ay:tajctae ay:aygufvQifodkYr[kwfay:ayguf&efvkHavmufaomtaMumif;&SdvQifxdktE&m,fudkwyfrawmfonfzGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'wGifowfrSwfjy|mef;xm;csuf
rsm;ESifhtnDwm;qD;umuG,fapmifha&SmufcGifh&Sdonf?( * ) EdkifiHawmf\ tcsKyftjcmtmPmudkqlylaomif;usef;rI? tMurf;zufrIpaom t"renf;jzifh &,l&efaqmif&Gufjcif;? odkYr[kwf BudK;yrf;tm;xkwfjcif;aMumifhjynfaxmifpkNydKuGJaprnfh? wdkif;&if;om;pnf;vkH;nDGwfrINydKuGJaprnfhodkYr[kwftcsKyftjcmtmPm vufvGwfqkH;IH;aprnhfta&;ay:tajctaeay:aygufvQifwyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfonf EdkifiHawmftmPmudk zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'wGifowfrSwfjy|mef;csufrsm;ESifhtnD&,lokH;pGJcGifh&Sdonf/
41/ EdkifiHawmfonfvGwfvyfwuf
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
31/423
46. A Constitutional Tribunal shall be set up to interpret the provisions of the Constitution,
to scrutinize whether or not laws enacted by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, the Region Hluttaws
and the State Hluttaws and functions of executive authorities of Pyidaungsu, Regions,
States and Self-Administered Areas are in conformity with the Constitution, to decide on
disputes relating to the Constitution between Pyidaungsu and Regions, between Pyidaungsu
and States, among Regions, among States, and between Regions or States and Self-
Administered Areas and among Self-Administered Areas themselves, and to perform other
duties prescribed in this Constitution.
47. The Basic Principles set forth in this Chapter, and Chapter 8, Citizen, Fundamental
Rights, and Duties of the Citizen, the term Union means person or body exercising the
legislative or executive authority of the Union under this Constitution according as the
context may require.
48. The Basic Principles of the Union shall be the guidance in enacting laws by legislature
and in interpreting the provisions of this Constitution and other laws.
12
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
32/423
46/ zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csufrsm;udk teuft"dym,fzGifhqdkjcif;?jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf? wdkif;a'oBuD;vTwfawmfrsm;ESifh jynfe,fvTwfawmfrsm;ujy|mef;onfhOya'rsm;onfvnf;aumif;? jynfaxmifpk? wdkif;a'oBuD;rsm;? jynfe,frsm;ESifhudk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&pD&ifpkrsm;\ tkyfcsKyfrIqdkif&mtmPmydkifrsm;\ aqmif&Gufcsufrsm;onfvnf;aumif;? EdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'ESifh nDGwfrI&Sd?r&Sdpdppfjcif;?jynfaxmifpkESifhwdkif;a'oBuD;tMum;? jynfaxmifpkESifhjynfe,ftMum;? wdkif;a'oBuD;tcsif;csif;? jynfe,ftcsif;csif;? wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwfjynfe,fESifhudk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&
pD&ifpktMum;? udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&pD&ifpktcsif;csif; jzpfay:onfhEdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'qdkif&m tjiif;yGm;rIrsm;udkMum;emqHk;jzwfjcif;ESifhzGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'utyfESif;onfh tjcm;wm0efrsm; aqmif&Gufjcif;wdkYudk jyKEdkif&ef EdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'qdkif&m cHkHk;wpfHk;udkzGJUpnf;&rnf/
47/ tcef;ygtajccHrlrsm;ESifh tcef;(8)? EdkifiHom;? EdkifiHom;rsm;\ rlvtcGifhta&;ESifhwm0efrsm; tcef;wGifyg&Sdaom ]]EdkifiHawmf}} qdkonfrSm a&SUaemufpum;&yfwdkY\ t"dym,fudkaxmuf zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya't& Oya'jyKrItcGifhtmPmudk
aomfvnf;aumif;? tkyfcsKyfrItcGifhtmPmudkaomfvnf;aumif; usifhoHk;aomtzGJUtpnf; odkYr[kwfyk*dKvfudkqdkvdkonf/
48/ EdkifiHawmftajccHrlrsm;onf Oya'jyKvTwfawmfrsm;u Oya'jy|mef;&mwGifvnf;aumif;? zGJUpnf;yHktajccHOya'ESifh tjcm;Oya'rsm;yg jy|mef;csufrsm;udkoufqdkif&mu teuft"dym,fzGifhqdk&mwGifvnf;aumif; vdkufem&rnfhvrf;Tefrsm;jzpfonf/
12
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
33/423
Chapter II
State Structure
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
34/423
tcef; (2)tcef; (2)tcef; (2)tcef; (2)tcef; (2)EdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;wnfaqmufykHEdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;wnfaqmufykHEdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;wnfaqmufykHEdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;wnfaqmufykHEdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;wnfaqmufykH
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
35/423
Chapter II
State Structure
49. The Union is delineated and constituted by seven Regions, seven States and the
Union territories as follows :
(a) Kachin State;
(b) Kayah State;
(c) Kayin State;
(d) Chin State;
(e) Sagaing Region;
(f) Taninthayi Region;
(g) Bago Region;
(h) Magway Region;
(i) Mandalay Region;
(j) Mon State;
(k) Rakhine State;
(l) Yangon Region;
(m) Shan State;
(n) Ayeyawady Region; and
(o) Union territories.
50. (a) Nay Pyi Taw, the capital of the Union, prescribed as Union territory, shall be
under the direct administration of the President.
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
36/423
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
37/423
(b) If there arises a need to specify areas that have special situations concerning
national defence, security, administration and economy, so forth, those areas
may be prescribed as Union territories under the direct administration of the
President after enacting law.
51. The Union is constituted as follows :
(a) villages are organized as village-tract;
(b) wards are organized as town or township;
(c) village-tracts and wards or towns are organized as township;
(d) townships are organized as district;
(e) districts are organized as Region or State;
(f) townships in a Self-Administered Zone are organized as Self-Administered
Zone;
(g) townships in a Self-Administered Division are organized as District and such
Districts are organized as Self-Administered Division;
(h) If there are Self-Administrated Zone or Self-Administered Division in a
Region or a State, those Self-Administered Divisions, Self-Administered
Zones and Districts are organized as Region or State;
(i) Regions, States and Union territories are organized as the Republic.
52. (a) If there arises a need to re-delineate the territorial boundary of the Union,
the President shall firstly intimate the Head of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw to ask
for the opinion of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
14
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
38/423
( c ) EdkifiHawmfumuG,fa&;? vkHNcKHa&;? tkyfcsKyfa&;? pD;yGm;a&;ponfwdkYESihfpyfvsOf;NyD; xl;jcm;aomtajctae&Sdonhfe,fajrrsm;udkjynfaxmifpke,fajrtjzpfowfrSwf&efvdktyfvQifOya'jy|mef;NyD; EdkifiHawmforw\wdkufdkuftkyfcsKyfrIatmufwGifxm;&Sdonhf jynfaxmifpke,fajrtjzpfowfrSwfEdkifonf/
51/ EdkifiHawmfudkatmufygtwkdkif; pkpnf;onf-
(u) aus;&Gmrsm;udkaus;&Gmtkyfpktjzpfpkpnf;onf?( c ) &yfuGufrsm;udkNrdKU odkYr[kwfNrdKUe,ftjzpfpkpnf;onf?(*) aus;&GmtkyfpkESihf&yfuGufrsm; odkYr[kwfNrdKUrsm;udkNrdKUe,ftjzpfpkpnf;onf?(C) NrdKUe,frsm;udkcdkiftjzpfpkpnf;onf?( i ) cdkifrsm;udkwdkif;a'oBuD; odkUr[kwfjynfe,ftjzpfpkpnf;onf?( p) udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&a'owGifxdka'otwGif;&SdNrdKUe,frsm;udkudk,fydkif
tkyfcsKyfcGihf&a'otjzpfpkpnf;onf?
(q) udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&wdkif;wGifxdkwdkif;twGif;&SdNrdKUe,frsm;udkcdkiftjzpfpkpnf;NyD; ,if;cdkifrsm;udkudk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&wdkif;tjzpfpkpnf;onf?( Z ) wdkif;a'oBuD;wpfckodkYr[kwfjynfe,fwpfe,fwGif udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyf
cGihf&wdkif; odkYr[kwfudk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&a'o&Sdygu udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&wdkif;? udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&a'oESihf cdkifrsm;udk wdkif;a'oBuD;odkYr[kwfjynfe,ftjzpfpkpnf;onf?
(ps) wdkif;a'oBuD;rsm;? jynfe,frsm;ESihfjynfaxmifpke,fajrrsm;udkEdkifiHawmftjzpfpkpnf;onf/
52/ (u) EdkifiHawmfe,fedrdwfudk jyifqifowfrSwf&ef vdktyfygu EdkifiHawmforwonfjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftBuD;trSL;xHEdkifiHawmfe,fedrdwfjyifqifowfrSwfa&;twGufjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf\ oabmxm;udk&,lay;yg&efyxrOD;pGm taMumif;Mum;&rnf?
14
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
39/423
(b) The Head of the Pyidaungsu Htuttaw, after receiving the intimation of the
President, shall obtain the opinion of the Hluttaw representatives as follows :
(i) assenting votes of more than half of the total number of representatives
in the Hluttaw, elected in equal numbers from Regions and States;
(ii) assenting votes of more than half of the total number of representatives
in the Hluttaw, elected as representatives on the basis of township as
well as population;
(iii) assenting votes of more than half of the total number of representatives
of the two Hluttaws from the Region or State involved in the boundary
concerned.
(c) The Head of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, after obtaining the assenting votes as
mentioned above, shall inform the President for re-delineating the territorial
boundary of the Union as necessary.
(d) In accord with the above-mentioned procedures, if either of the Hluttaws,
or representatives from the Region or State involved in the territorial boundary
concerned resolve against re-delineation, the opinion of the Pyidaungsu
Hluttaw shall be obtained. If three-fourths and above of the total number of
the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw representatives cast assenting votes, the Head of
the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall inform the President to re-delineate the territorial
boundary as necessary.
15
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
40/423
( c) EdkifiHawmfe,fedrdwfjyifqifowfrSwfa&;twGufEdkifiHawmforw\
taMumif;Mum;pm &&Sdonfhtcg jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftBuD;trSL;onf
atmufygtwdkif; vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;\qEudk&,l&rnf-
(1) wdkif;a'oBuD;rsm;ESihfjynfe,frsm;rSudk,fpm;vS,fOD;a&wlnDpGm
a&G;aumufwifajrmufxm;onhf vTwfawmfwGif yg&Sdaom
vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;\ xuf0ufausmfaxmufcHqErJ?
(2) NrdKUe,fudk tajccHvnf;aumif;? vlOD;a&udk tajccHvnf;aumif; a&G;aumufwifajrmufxm;onhfvTwfawmfwGif
yg&Sdaom udk,fpm;vS,frsm;\ xuf0ufausmfaxmufcHqErJ?
(3) xdkvTwfawmfESpf&yf&Sdoufqdkif&m e,fedrdwfESihftusKH;0ifaom
wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwfjynfe,frSvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;\
xuf0ufausmfaxmufcHqErJ/
( * ) txufygtwdkif; axmufcHqErJtoD;oD;&&SdvQifEdkifiHawmfe,fedrdwfudk
vdktyfovdkjyifqifowfrSwfay;&efjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftBuD;trSL;
u EdkifiHawmforwxHtaMumif;Mum;&rnf?
(C) txufygowfrSwfxm;aom enf;vrf;rsm;ESih ftnD vTwfawmf
wpf&yf&yfujzpfap? xdkvTwfawmfESpf&yf&Sd oufqdkif&me,fedrdwfESihf
tusKH;0ifaom wdkif;a'oBuD; odk Yr[kwf jynfe,frSvTwfawmf
ukd,fpm;vS,frsm;ujzpfap e,fedrdwfjyifqifa&;ESihf pyfvsOf;NyD;
oabmrwlaMumif; qkH;jzwfvQifjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf\ oabmxm;udk&,laqmif&Guf&rnf/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf ukd,fpm;vS,f
pkpkaygif;\ av;ykHokH;ykHESihftxufu axmufcHvQifEdkifiHawmfe,fedrdwfudk
vdktyfovdkjyifqifowfrSwfay;&efjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftBuD;trSL;
u EdkifiHawmforwxHtaMumif;Mum;&rnf?
15
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
41/423
(e) The President shall take necessary measures for re-delineation of the
territorial boundary of the Union, as necessary, after obtaining the opinion of
the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
53. (a) If there arises a cause to re-delineate the territorial boundary of a Region or
a State, the prior consent of the electorate residing within the township
concerned shall be obtained.
(b) In obtaining consent, re-delineation of the territorial boundary shall not be
executed at all in the absence of assenting votes of more than half of the total
number of the electorate residing within the township concerned.
(c) If more than half of the total number of eligible voters residing within the
township concerned cast assenting vote for re-delineation of the territorial
boundary, the consent of the Hluttaw representatives of the Region or State
involved in the territorial boundary concerned shall be obtained.
(d) The President shall re-delineate the territorial boundary of the Region or
State concerned with the consent of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, after obtaining
the assenting votes of three-fourths and above of the total number of
representatives from the Region or the State concerned.
(e) The resolution of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall be obtained if a Region
Hluttaw or a State Hluttaw concerned decided against re-delineation of the
territorial boundary.
(f) The President shall, as necessary, re-delineate the territorial boundary of a
Region or a State if three-fourths and above of the total number of
representatives in the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw assent to the re-delineation of the
territorial boundary.
16
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
42/423
( i ) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf\ oabmxm;udk &&Sdonhftcg EdkifiHawmf
e,fedrdwf jyifqifowfrSwfa&;ESifh pyfvsOf; EdkifiHawmforwuvdktyfovdkaqmif&Guf&rnf/
53/ (u) wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf jynfe,fwpfe,f\ e,fedrdwfudk jyifqifowfrSwf&eftaMumif;ay:aygufvmygu ,if;e,fedrdwfESihftusKH;0ifonhf NrdKUe,ftwGif; aexdkifMuaom qErJay;ydkifcGihf&Sdolrsm;\
qEoabmxm;udkOD;pGmyxr&,l&rnf?( c ) ,if;odkY&,lonhftcg ,if;NrdKUe,ftwGif; aexdkifMuonhf qErJ
ay;ydkifcGihf&SdolOD;a& pkpkaygif;\ xuf0ufausmfaxmufcHqErJr&vQif,if;e,fedrdwfjyifqifowfrSwfjcif;udkaqmif&Gufjcif; vkH;0rjyK&?
( * ) ,if;NrdKUe,ftwGif; aexdkifMuaomqErJay;ydkifcGihf&SdolOD;a&pkpkaygif;\
xuf0ufausmfu e,fedrdwfjyifqifoihfaMumif; axmufcHqErJay;vQif,if;e,fedrdwfESihftusKH;0ifonhfoufqdkif&mwdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwf
jynfe,fvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;\ qE&,l&rnf?(C) oufqdkif&mwdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwfjynfe,fvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,f
pkpkaygif;\ av;ykHokH;ykHESihftxufaxmufcHqErJ&&SdvQifjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf\ oabmwlnDcsufudk&,lNyD; EdkifiHawmforwu wdkif;a'o
BuD; odkYr[kwfjynfe,fwpfe,f\ e,fedrdwfudkjyifqifowfrSwfay;&rnf?( i ) oufqdkif&mwdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwfjynfe,fvTwfawmfwpf&yf&yfu
e,fedrdwfjyifqif&efoabmrwlaMumif; qkH;jzwfvQif jynfaxmifpk
vTwfawmf\ tqkH;tjzwfudk&,l&rnf?( p ) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fpkpkaygif;OD;a&\ av;ykHokH;ykHESihf
txufu e,fedrdwfjyifqifoihfaMumif; axmufcHqErJay;vQif
EdkifiHawmforwu wdkif;a'oBuD; odkYr[kwfjynfe,f\e,fedrdwfudk
vdktyfovdkjyifqifowfrSwfay;&rnf/
16
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
43/423
54. Where there arises a situation to alter or form the territorial boundary or change
the name of a village, village-tract, ward, town, township or district of a Region, State,
Self-Administered Division or Self-Administered Zone concerned, the President shall act,
as necessary, upon the recommendation of the Chief Minister of the Region or State
concerned.
55. If it is desired to change the name of a Self-Administered Division or Self-
Administered Zone, the same procedure shall be applied as in the case of changing the
name of a Region or State.
56. The Self-Administered Divisions and Self-Administered Zones are delineated as
follows :
(a) grouping Leshi, Lahe and Namyun townships in Sagaing Division as Naga
Self-Administered Zone;
(b) grouping Ywangan and Pindaya townships in Shan State as Danu Self-
Administered Zone;
(c) grouping HoPong, HsiHseng and Pinlaung townships in Shan State as Pa-O
Self-Administered Zone;
(d) grouping Namhsan and Manton townships in Shan State as Pa Laung Self-
Administered Zone;
(e) grouping Konkyan and Laukkai townships in Shan State as Kokang Self-
Administered Zone;
17
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
44/423
54/ oufqdkif&mwdkif;a'oBuD;? jynfe,f? udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&wdkif; odkYr[kwf
udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&a'otwGif;&Sdaom aus;&Gm? aus;&Gmtkyfpk? &yfuGuf? NrdKU? NrdKUe,f
odkYr[kwf cdkife,fedrdwfrsm; jyifqif&ef? zGJUpnf;&efodkYr[kwftrnfajymif;vJ&ef
ay:aygufvQif oufqdkif&m wdkif;a'oBuD; odk Yr[kwf jynfe,f0efBuD;csKyfu
EdkifiHawmforwxHaxmufcHwifjyNyD; EdkifiHawmforwu vdktyfovdkaqmif&Gufay;
&rnf/
55/ udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&wdkif;wpfckck\ trnfudkjzpfap? udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&a'o
wpfckck\ trnfudkjzpfap ajymif;vJowfrSwfvdkvQifwdkif;a'oBuD;wpfckck\ trnfudk
jzpfap? jynfe,fwpfe,fe,f\ trnfudkjzpfap ajymif;vJowfrSwfonhfenf;vrf;twdkif;
ajymif;vJowfrSwf&rnf/
56/ ukd,fykdiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&wkdif;ESifhukd,fykdiftkyfcsKyfcGifh&a'orsm;ukdatmufygtwkdif;
owfrSwfonf-
(u) ppfudkif;wdkif;&Sdav&SD;NrdKUe,f? v[,fNrdKUe,fESihfeef;,Gef;NrdKUe,fwdkYudk
pkpnf;NyD; em*udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&a'o?
( c ) &Srf;jynfe,f&Sd &GmiHNrdKUe,fESih f yif;w,NrdKUe,fwdk Yudk pkpnf;NyD;
"Ekudk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&a'o?
( * ) &Srf;jynfe,f&Sd [kdykef;NrdKUe,f? qDqdkifNrdKUe,fESihfyifavmif;NrdKUe,fwdkYudk
pkpnf;NyD; ytdk0f;udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&a'o?(C) &Srf;jynfe,f&Sd erhfqefNrdKUe,fESihfrefwkHNrdKUe,fwdkYudkpkpnf;NyD; yavmif
udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&a'o?
( i ) &Srf;jynfe,f&Sd ukef;Murf;NrdKUe,fESihfavmufudkifNrdKUe,fwdkYudkpkpnf;NyD;
udk;uefYudk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&a'o?
17
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
45/423
(f) grouping six townships Hopang, Mongma, Panwai, Nahpan, Metman and
Pangsang (Pankham) townships in Shan State as two districts which are
forged into Wa Self-Administered Division.
18
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
46/423
( p ) &Srf;jynfe,f&Sd[dkyefNrdKUe,f? rdkif;armNrdKUe,f? yef0dkifNrdKUe,f? em;zef;NrdKUe,f?rufref;NrdKUe,fESihfyefqef;(yef;crf;)NrdKUe,fajcmufNrdKUe,fwdkYudkcdkifESpfcdkifzGJUNyD; ]]0}} udk,fydkiftkyfcsKyfcGihf&wdkif;/
18
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
47/423
Chapter III
Head of State
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
48/423
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
49/423
Chapter III
The President and Vice-Presidents
57. The President and Vice-Presidents represent the Union.
58. The President of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar takes precedence over
all other persons throughout the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.
59. Qualifications of the President and Vice-Presidents are as follows :
(a) shall be loyal to the Union and its citizens;
(b) shall be a citizen of Myanmar who was born of both parents who were born
in the territory under the jurisdiction of the Union and being Myanmar
Nationals;
(c) shall be an elected person who has attained at least the age of 45;
(d) shall be well acquainted with the affairs of the Union such as political,
administrative, economic and military;
(e) shall be a person who has resided continuously in the Union for at least 20
years up to the time of his election as President;
Proviso: An official period of stay in a foreign country with the permission of
the Union shall be counted as a residing period in the Union;
(f) shall he himself, one of the parents, the spouse, one of the legitimate children
or their spouses not owe allegiance to a foreign power, not be subject of a
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
50/423
tcef; (3)tcef; (3)tcef; (3)tcef; (3)tcef; (3)EdkifiHawmforwESifh 'kwd,orwrsm;EdkifiHawmforwESifh 'kwd,orwrsm;EdkifiHawmforwESifh 'kwd,orwrsm;EdkifiHawmforwESifh 'kwd,orwrsm;EdkifiHawmforwESifh 'kwd,orwrsm;
57/ EdkifiHawmforwESifh'kwd,orwrsm;onfEdkifiHawmfudkudk,fpm;jyKonf/
58/ EdkifiHawmforwonf jynfaxmifpkorwjrefrmEdkifiHawmf wpf0ef;vkH;wGif
EdkifiHom;tm;vkH;\ txGwftxdyfae&m &&Sdonf/
59/ EdkifiHawmforwESihf'kwd,orwrsm;\ t&nftcsif;rsm;rSm atmufygtwdkif;
jzpfonf-
(u) EdkifiHawmfESihfEdkifiHom;rsm;tay: opm&Sdoljzpf&rnf?
( c ) rdrdESih frdrd\rdbESpfyg;vkH; Ed kifiHawmf\tmPm ydkifeuftwGif;
arG;zGm;aom wdkif;&if;om;rSjzpfonhfjrefrmEdkifiHom; jzpf&rnf?
( * ) a&G;cs,fwifajrmufjcif;cH&olonftenf;qkH; touf45 ESpfjynfhNyD;oljzpf&rnf?
(C) EdkifiHawmfta&;t&mrsm;jzpfaom EdkifiHa&;? tkyfcsKyfa&;? pD;yGm;a&;?
ppfa&;ponhftjrifrsm;&Sd&rnf?
( i ) orwtjzpf a&G;cs,fwifajrmufcH&onhf tcsdefESihfwpfqufwnf;
tenf;qkH;tESpf20 EdkifiHawmfwGiftajccsaexdkifcJholjzpf&rnf?
>cif;csuf/ EdkifiHawmf\cGifhjyKcsufjzifhEdkifiHjcm;odkYw&m;0ifoGm;a&mufonfh
umvrsm;udkvnf; EdkifiHawmfwGiftajccsaexdkifcJhonfhumvtjzpfxnfhoGif;a&wGuf&rnf/
( p ) rdrdudk,fwdkifaomfvnf;aumif;? rdrd\rdb wpfyg;yg; aomfvnf;aumif;?
rdrd\ZeD; odkYr[kwf cifyGef;aomfvnf;aumif;? rdrd\ w&m;0if
om;orD;wpfOD;OD;aomfvnf;aumif;? xdkw&m;0ifom;orD;wpfOD;OD;\ ZeD;
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
51/423
foreign power or citizen of a foreign country. They shall not be persons
entitled to enjoy the rights and privileges of a subject of a foreign government
or citizen of a foreign country;
(g) shall possess prescribed qualifications of the President, in addition to
qualifications prescribed to stand for election to the Hluttaw.
60. (a) The President shall be elected by the Presidential Electoral College.
(b) The Presidential Electoral College shall be formed with three groups of the
Pyidaungsu Hluttaw representatives as follows :
(i) group formed with elected Hluttaw representatives in the Hluttaw with
an equal number of representatives elected from Regions and States;
(ii) group formed with elected Hluttaw representatives in the Hluttaw
elected on the basis of township and population;
(iii) group formed with the Defence Services personnel Hluttaw
representatives nominated by the Commander-in-Chief of the Defence
Services for the said two Hluttaws.
(c) Each group shall elect a Vice-President from among the Hluttaw
representatives or from among persons who are not Hluttaw representatives.
20
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
52/423
odkYr[kwfcifyGef;aomfvnf;aumif; EdkifiHjcm;tpdk;&\ aus;Zl;opmawmf
udkcH,lapmihfa&SmufdkaoolodkYr[kwfEdkifiHjcm;tpdk;&\ vufatmufcHjzpfolodkYr[kwfwdkif;wpfyg;\ EdkifiHom;jzpfolrsm; rjzpfap&? xdkolrsm;onf EdkifiHjcm;tpdk;&\ vufatmufcHjzpfolaomfvnf;aumif;?wdkif;wpfyg;\ EdkifiHom;aomfvnf;aumif; cHpm;&aom tcGihfta&;rsm;ESihfaus;Zl;cHpm;cGihfrsm;udkcHpm;EdkifcGihf&Sdolrsm; rjzpfap&?
(q) vTwfawmfa&G;aumufyGJ a&G;aumufwifajrmuf cHydkifcGihftwGuf
owfrSwfxm;onhft&nftcsif;rsm;tjyif EdkifiHawmforwtwGufoD;jcm;owfrSwfxm;aom t&nftcsif;rsm;ESihfvnf; jynfhpkH&rnf/
60/ (u) EdkifiHawmforwudk orwa&G;cs,fwifajrmufa&;tzGJUjzihf a&G;cs,fwifajrmuf&rnf?
( c ) orwa&G;cs,fwifajrmufa&;tzGJUudkjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,ftpktzGJUoHk;zGJUjzifhatmufygtwdkif; zGJUpnf;&rnf-
(1) wdkif;a'oBuD;rsm;ESihfjynfe,frsm;rSudk,fpm;vS,fOD;a& wlnDpGma&G;aumufwifajrmufonhfvTwfawmf&Sda&G;aumufwifajrmufjcif;cH&aom vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;tpktzGJU?
(2) NrdKUe,fudktajccHvnf;aumif;? vlOD;a&udktajccH vnf;
aumif; a&G;aumufwifajrmufonhfvTwfawmf&Sd a&G;aumufwifajrmufjcif;cH&onhfvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;tpktzGJU?
(3) azmfjyygvTwfawmfESpf&yftwGufwyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyf
utrnfpm&if;wifoGif;onhf wyfrawmfom;vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;tpktzGJU/
( * ) ,if;tpktzGJUwpfzGJUpDu'kwd,orwwpfOD;pDudkvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,f
rsm;xJrSjzpfap? vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fr[kwfolrsm;xJrS jzpfapa&G;cs,fwifajrmuf&rnf?
20
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
53/423
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
54/423
(C) 'kwd,orwrsm;onf EdkifiHawmforwtwGuf owfrSwfxm;onfht&nftcsif;rsm;ESihf jynhfpkHjcif;&Sd?r&Sdudk jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfESihfjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfwGifyg0ifaom vTwfawmfESpf&yf\ tBuD;trSL;rsm;ESihf'kwd,tBuD;trSL;rsm; yg0ifonhftzGJUu pdppf&rnf?
(i ) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,ftm;vkH;yg0ifaom orwa&G;cs,fwifajrmufa&;tzGJUu EdkifiHawmforwavmif;rsm;jzpfonhf 'kwd,orwoHk;OD;teuf rdrdwdkYBudKufESpfoufonhf 'kwd,orwwpfOD;udkEdkifiHawmforwtjzpfqErJay; a&G;cs,fwifajrmuf&rnf?
( p ) xdkodkYEdkifiHawmforwESifh'kwd,orwrsm; a&G;cs,fwifajrmufEdkif&efvdktyfonhfOya'udkjy|mef;ay;&rnf/
61/ (u) EdkifiHawmforw odkYr[kwf'kwd,orwwdkY\ &mxl;oufwrf;onfig;ESpfjzpfonf?
( c ) ,if;&mxl;oufwrf; ukefqkH;onhftcg EdkifiHawmforwtopfa&G;cs,fwifajrmufNyD;onhf tcsdeftxdEdkifiHawmforwESihf'kwd,orwrsm;onfrdrdwdkY\vkyfief;wm0efrsm;udkqufvufxrf;aqmif&rnf?
( *) EdkifiHawmforwESihf'kwd,orwrsm;onf &mxl;oufwrf; ESpfBudrfxufydk xrf;aqmifjcif;rjyK&?
(C) EdkifiHawmforw odkYr[kwf 'kwd,orwtjzpf Mum;jzwfwm0ef,l&onhfumvudk&mxl;oufwrf;wpfck[krowfrSwf&?
( i ) taMumif;wpf&yf&yfaMumihfEdkifiHawmforw odkYr[kwf 'kwd,orw&mxl;ae&m vpfvyfonhftwGuf tpm;xdk;a&G;cs,fwifajrmufygu,if;EdkifiHawmforw odkYr[kwf'kkwd,orwtopf\ &mxl;oufwrf;onfrlv&mxl;oufwrf;ukefqkH;onftxdom jzpf&rnf/
62/ EdkifiHawmforw odk Yr[kwf 'kwd,orwrsm;onf rnfonhfvTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,frQ rjzpfap&/
63/ EdkifiHawmforw odkYr[kwf 'kwd,orwrsm;onf vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fjzpfvQif vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,ftjzpfrSvnf;aumif;? EdkifiHh0efxrf;jzpfvQif EdkifiHh
21
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
55/423
Presidents are the Civil Services personnel, they shall be deemed to have resigned or
retired from their offices from the day of their election.
64. If the President or the Vice-Presidents are members of a political party, they shall
not take part in its party activities during their term of office from the day of their election.
65. The President and the Vice-Presidents shall make an affirmation as follows:
I ........... do solemnly and sincerely promise and declare that I will be loyal to the
Republic of the Union of Myanmar and the citizens and hold always in esteem
non-disintegration of the Union, non-disintegration of national solidarity and
perpetuation of sovereignty.
I will uphold and abide by the Constitution and its Laws. I will carry out the
responsibilities uprightly to the best of my ability and strive for further flourishing
the eternal principlesof justice, liberty and equality. I will dedicate myself to the
service of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar.
66. The President or the Vice-Presidents shall exercise duties and powers vested by
this Constitution and other laws.
67. The President and the Vice-Presidents shall not hold any other office or position
of emolument.
22
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
56/423
0efxrf;tjzpfrSvnf;aumif; EdkifiHawmforw odkYr[kwf'kwd,orwrsm;tjzpfa&G;cs,fwifajrmufjcif;cH&onhfaeYrSp EkwfxGufNyD; odkYr[kwftNidrf;pm;,lNyD;jzpfonf[krSwf,l&rnf/
64/ EdkifiHawmforw odkYr[kwf'kwd,orwrsm;onfEdkifiHa&;ygwDwpfckck\ tzGJU0ifjzpfvQifEdkifiHawmforw odkYr[kwf'kwd,orwrsm;tjzpfa&G;cs,fwifajrmufjcif;cH&onhfaeYrSp rdrdwdkY&mxl;oufwrf;twGif; ,if;ygwDtzGJUtpnf;\ ygwDvkyfief;rsm;wGif
yg0ifaqmif&Gufjcif;rjyK&/
65/ EdkifiHawmforwESifh 'kwd,orwrsm;onf atmufygtwdkif; uwdopmjyK&rnf
]]uREkfyfonfjynfaxmifpkorwjrefrmEdkifiHawmfESihfEdkifiHom;rsm;tay: opmapmihfoddkaoNyD; jynfaxmifpkrNydKuGJa&;? wdkif;&if;om;pnf;vkH;nDGwfrIrNydKuGJa&;?tcsKyftjcmtmPmwnfwHhcdkifNrJa&;wdkYudkxm0pOfOD;xdyfyefqifaqmif&Gufygrnf/
uREkfyfonfEdkifiHawmfzGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'udkxdef;odrf;apmifhodvdkufemdkaoNyD; EdkifiHawmf\Oya'rsm;udkvdkufemusihfokH;aqmif&Gufygrnf/ rdrd\ wm0ef0w&m;rsm;udkajzmihfrwfrSefuefpGmjzihftpGrf;ukefaqmif&Gufygrnf/ jynfaxmifpkorwjrefrmEdkifiHawmfwGifw&m;rQwjcif;? vGwfvyfjcif;ESihfnDrQjcif;wnf;[laomavmuygvw&m;rsm; ydkrdkxGef;um;a&;twGufaqmif&Gufygrnf/uREkfyfonfjynfaxmifpkorwjrefrmEdkifiHawmftusKd;iSm EdkifiHawmftm; rdrd\toufESihfudk,fudktyfESif;onf[kav;eufwnfMunfpGm aMunm uwdopmjyKonf}}
66/ EdkifiHawmforw odkYr[kwf'kwd,orwrsm;onfzGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'ESihftjcm;Oya'rsm;u tyfESif;xm;aom wm0efESihfvkyfydkifcGihfrsm;udkusifhokH;xrf;aqmif&rnf/
67/ EdkifiHawmforwESihf'kwd,orwrsm;onfvpm? p&dwf? aiGaMu;&aom tjcm;rnfonhf&mxl;udkrQ vufcHjcif;rjyK&/
22
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
57/423
68. The President and the Vice-Presidents shall furnish a list of family assets under his
direction, namely land, houses, buildings, businesses, savings and other valuables together
with their values to the Head of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
69. The President and the Vice-Presidents shall receive the emoluments, allowances
and insignia of office as prescribed by law. Each shall also be provided with an appropriate
official residence.
70. Except in the case of removal from office following impeachment, the President
and the Vice-Presidents shall enjoy pension and suitable allowances on retirement in accord
with the law after the expiry of the term of office.
71. (a) The President or any Vice-President may be impeached for one of the
following reasons :
(i) high treason;
(ii) breach of the provisions of this Constitution;
(iii) misconduct;
(iv) being disqualified for the President or Vice-President under provisions
as prescribed in this Constitution;
(v) inefficient discharge of duties assigned by law.
(b) If it be required to impeach the President or any Vice-President, a charge
signed by not less than one-fourth of the total number of representatives of
either Hluttaw included in the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall be submitted to the
Head of the Hluttaw concerned.
(c) Action shall proceed only when this charge is supported by not less than
two-thirds of the total number of representatives of the Hluttaw concerned.
23
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
58/423
68/ EdkifiHawmforwESihf 'kwd,orwrsm;onf rdrdwdkYOD;pD;onhf wpfpD;yGm;wnf;jzpfaom rdom;pkydkif ajr? tdrf? taqmufttkH? pD;yGm;a&;vkyfief;? pkaiGESihftjcm;tzdk;wefypnf;rsm;udkwefzdk;ESihfwuGpm&if;jyKpkNyD; jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftBuD;trSL;xHay;ydkY&rnf/
69/ EdkifiHawmforwESihf'kwd,orwrsm;onfOya'jzihfowfrSwfxm;onhfvpm?p&dwfESihftaqmifta,mifrsm; &&Sdap&rnf/ oihfwihfavsmufywfonhftdrfawmfwpfaqmifpDudkvnf; &&Sdap&rnf/
70/ EdkifiHawmforwESihf'kwd,orwrsm;onfpGyfpGJjypfwifcH& &mxl;rS&yfpJcH&jcif;rSty wm0efNyD;qkH;ojzihftem;,lygu Oya'ESifhtnDtNidrf;pm;vpmESifhoifhwihfavsmufywfaom axmufyHhrIrsm; &&Sdap&rnf/
71/ (u) EdkifiHawmforwudkjzpfap? 'kwd,orwwpfOD;OD;udkjzpfap atmufygtaMumif;wpf&yf&yfjzihfpGyfpJGjypfwifEdkifonf-(1) EdkifiHawmf\aus;Zl;opmawmfudkazmufzsufjcif;?
(2) zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csufrsm;udk azmufzsufusL;vGefjcif;?
(3) tusihfodumysufjym;jcif;?(4) zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'wGifjy|mef;xm;aom EdkifiHawmforw
odkYr[kwf'kwd,orw\t&nftcsif; ysuf,Gif;jcif;?(5) Oya't&ay;tyfaomwm0efrsm;ukdausyGefpGmraqmif&Gufjcif;/
( c ) EdkifiHawmforw odkYr[kwf'kwd,orwwpfOD;OD;udkpGyfpGJjypfwifvdkygujynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfwGifyg0ifaom vTwfawmfESpf&yfrSvTwfawmf
wpf&yf&yf\ vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fpkpkaygif;OD;a&teuftenf;qkH;av;ykHwpfykHu vufrSwfa&;xdk;NyD; rdrdwdkY\pGyfpJGcsufudkoufqdkif&mvTwfawmftBuD;trSL;xHwifjy&rnf?
( *) ,if;pGyfpGJcsufudk oufqdkif&mvTwfawmf\ vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fpkpkaygif;OD;a&teuftenf;qkH; okH;yHkESpfykHuaxmufcHrSom qufvufta&;,laqmif&Guf&rnf?
23
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
59/423
(d) If one Hluttaw supports the taking of action, the other Hluttaw shall form a
Body to investigate this charge.
(e) The President or the Vice-President shall have the right to refuse the charge
himself in person or through a representative when it is investigated.
(f) If, after the investigation, not less than two-thirds of the total number of
representatives of the Hluttaw which investigated the charge or caused the
investigation to be initiated passed the resolution that the charge has been
substantiated and renders the President or the Vice-President unfit to continue
in office, the Hluttaw concerned shall submit to the Head of the Pyidaungsu
Hluttaw such resolution to remove the impeached President or the impeached
Vice-President from office.
(g) The Head of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall declare the removal of the President
or the Vice-President immediately after the receipt of the submission.
72. The President or any of the Vice-Presidents shall be allowed to resign from office
of his own volition before the expiry of the term of office.
73. (a) One of the two Vice-Presidents who has won the second highest votes in
the Presidential election shall serve as Acting President if the office of the
President falls vacant due to his resignation, death, permanent disability or
any other cause.
24
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
60/423
(C) vTwfawmfwpf&yf&yfu pGyfpGJcsufudkta&;,laqmif&Guf&efaxmufcH
vQiftjcm;vTwfawmfwpf&yfu ,if;pGyfpGJcsufudktzGJUzGJU pkHprf;ppfaq;&rnf?
( i ) pGyfpGJcsufudkpkHprf;ppfaq;onhftcg EdkifiHawmforw odkYr[kwf 'kwd,orw udk,fwdkifaomfvnf;aumif;? udk,fpm;vS,fjzihfaomfvnf;aumif;acsycGihfay;&rnf?
( p ) pGyfpGJcsufudkpkHprf;ppfaq;NyD;onhftcg pGyfpGJcsufudkppfaq;aom odkYr[kwf
pkHprf;ppfaq;apaomvTwfawmf\ vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fpkpkaygif;OD;a&teuf tenf;qkH;okH;ykHESpfykHu xdkpGyfpGJcsufonf rSefuefNyD;pGyfpGJcH&aomjypfrIonfEdkifiHawmforw odkYr[kwf'kwd,orwtm;&mxl;wGifqufvufxrf;&Gufap&efroihfaMumif;qkH;jzwfvQifpGyfpGJcH&aom EdkifiHawmforw odkYr[kwf'kwd,orwtm; &mxl;rS&yfpJ&ef
,if;vTwfawmfu jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftBuD;trSL;xHwifjy&rnf?(q) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftBuD;trSL;onf wifjycsuf &&SdvQif&&Sdcsif;
pGyfpGJcH&aom EdkifiHawmforw odkYr[kwf'kwd,orwtm; &mxl;rS&yfpJaMumif; aMunm&rnf/
72/ EdkifiHawmforw odkYr[kwf'kwd,orw wpfOD;OD;onfrdrd\&mxl;oufwrf;
rukefqkH;rDqEtavsmufEkwfxGufvdkvQifEkwfxGufcGihfjyK&rnf/
73/ (u) EdkifiHawmforwonf&mxl;oufwrf; rukefqkH;rDEkwfxGufaomaMumihf
jzpfap? uG,fvGefaomaMumihfjzpfap? xm0pOfrpGrf;aqmifEdkifaomaMumihfjzpfap? wpfpkHwpfckaom taMumif;aMumihfjzpfap EdkifiHawmforw&mxl;ae&m vpfvyfvQif'kwd,orwESpfOD;teufEdkifiHawmf
orw a&G;cs,fwifajrmufpOftcgu 'kwd,qErJtrsm;qkH; &&Sdonhf
'kwd,orwu ,m,Dorwtjzpfxrf;aqmif&rnf?
24
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
61/423
(b) If the office of the President becomes vacant when the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw
is in session, the Acting President shall promptly intimate the Head of the
Pyidaungsu Hluttaw to fill the vacancy within seven days.
(c) On receipt of the intimation from the Acting President, the Head of the
Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall proceed to elect a Vice-President by the group of
Hluttaw representatives concerned that initially elected the Vice-President
who subsequently got elected President, the office now being vacant.
(d) After the group of Hluttaw representatives concerned has elected a Vice-
President, the Electoral College comprising all the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw
representatives shall elect the President from among the three Vice-
Presidents.
(e) If the office of the President becomes vacant when the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw
is not in session, the Head of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall summon the
Pyidaungsu Hluttaw within 21 days from the day of receipt of the intimation
from the Acting President and proceed to hold election to fill the vacant
office of the President in accord with the above procedure.
(f) If the office of a Vice-President becomes vacant before the expiry of the
term by reason of his resignation, death, permanent disability or any other
cause when the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is in session, the President shall promptly
intimate the Head of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw to elect a Vice-President within
seven days by the group of Hluttaw representatives concerned that elected
the said Vice-President.
25
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
62/423
( c ) EdkifiHawmforw&mxl;ae&m vpfvyfoGm;onhftcsdefonfjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf tpnf;ta0;usif;yaecsdefjzpfvQif vpfvyfoGm;onhfEdkifiHawmforw&mxl;udk ckepf&uftwGif; jznfhpGufEdkifa&;twGuf,m,Dorwu jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftBuD;trSL;xHaqmvsifpGmtaMumif;Mum;&rnf?
( * ) ,m,DorwxHrStaMumif;Mum;pmudk&&Sdonhftcg vpfvyfoGm;onhfEdkifiHawmforwudk 'kwd,orwtjzpf OD;pGma&G;cs,fwifajrmuf
ay;cJhonhf oufqdkif&m vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm; tpktzGJUu'kwd,orwwpfOD;udka&G;cs,fwifajrmufay;a&;twGufjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftBuD;trSL;u aqmif&Gufay;&rnf?
(C) oufqdkif&m vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm; tpktzGJUonf 'kwd,orwwpfOD;udk a&G;cs,fwifajrmufNyD;ygu jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,ftm;vkH;yg0ifonhforwa&G;cs,fwifajrmufa&;tzGJUu'kwd,orw okH;OD;teufrdrdwdkYBudKufESpfoufonfhyk*dKvfudkEdkifiHawmforwtjzpfa&G;cs,fwifajrmuf&rnf?
( i ) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftpnf;ta0;usif;ycsdefr[kwfvQifjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftBuD;trSL;onf,m,DorwxHrStaMumif;Mum;pm&&SdonfhaeYrSp 21 &uftwGif; jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftpnf;ta0;udkac:,lNyD;vpfvyfaom EdkifiHawmforw a&G;cs,fwifajrmufEdkifa&;twGuftxufygenf;vrf;twdkif; aqmif&Guf&rnf?
( p ) 'kwd,orwwpfOD;OD;onf&mxl;oufwrf;rukefqkH;rDEkwfxGufaomaMumihfjzpfap? uG,fvGefaomaMumihfjzpfap? xm0pOfrpGrf;aqmifEdkif
aomaMumihfjzpfap? wpfpkHwpfckaom taMumif;aMumihfjzpfap 'kwd,orw &mxl;ae&m vpfvyfvQifjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftpnf;ta0;usif;ycsdefjzpfygu ,if;'kwd,orwudka&G;cs,fwifajrmufay;cJhaomvTwfawmf udk,fpm;vS,frsm;tpktzGJUu ckepf&uftwGif; 'kwd,orwwpfOD; a&G;cs,fwifajrmufay;a&;twGufEdkifiHawmforwujynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftBuD;trSL;xHaqmvsifpGm taMumif;Mum;&rnf?
25
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
63/423
(g) When the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is not in session, the Head of the Pyidaungsu
Hluttaw shall summon the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw within 21 days from the day
of receipt of the intimation from the President and proceed with the election
of a Vice-President by the group of Hluttaw representatives concerned in
accord with the prescribed procedure.
26
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
64/423
(q) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftpnf;ta0; usif;ycsdefr[kwfvQifjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftBuD;trSL;onfEdkifiHawmforw\ taMumif;Mum;pm&&SdonfhaeYrSp 21 &uftwGif; jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftpnf;ta0;udkac:,lNyD; oufqdkif&mvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;tpktzGJUu 'kwd,orwwpfOD;udka&G;cs,fwifajrmufay;a&;twGufowfrSwfxm;onhfenf;vrf;twdkif; aqmif&Guf&rnf/
26
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
65/423
Chapter IV
Legislature
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
66/423
tcef; (4)tcef; (4)tcef; (4)tcef; (4)tcef; (4)Oya'jyKa&;Oya'jyKa&;Oya'jyKa&;Oya'jyKa&;Oya'jyKa&;
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
67/423
Chapter IV
Legislature
The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw
Formation of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw
74. The Pyidaungsu Hluttaw comprises of the following two Hluttaws :
(a) in accord with the provisions of Section 109, the Pyithu Hluttaw formed
with Hluttaw representatives elected on the basis of township as well as
population and Hluttaw representatives being the Defence Services Personnel
nominated by the Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services;
(b) in accord with the provisions of Section 141, the Amyotha Hluttaw formed
with Hluttaw representatives elected in equal numbers from Regions and
States and Hluttaw representatives being the Defence Services Personnel
nominated by the Commander-in-Chief of the Defence Services.
The Head and the Deputy Heads of the respective Hluttaws
75. On the day of commencement of the first Hluttaw session for each term of the
Hluttaw concerned, the person who is to conduct and supervise the Hluttaw session held
for the taking of affirmation of office by Hluttaw representatives and for electing the Hluttaw
Speaker and Deputy Speaker shall be called the Chairperson, the Head and the Deputy
Head of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall be called the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker, the
Head and the Deputy Head of the Pyithu Hluttaw, the Amyotha Hluttaw, the Region Hluttaw
or the State Hluttaw shall be called the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker.
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
68/423
tcef; (4)tcef; (4)tcef; (4)tcef; (4)tcef; (4)Oya'jyKa&;Oya'jyKa&;Oya'jyKa&;Oya'jyKa&;Oya'jyKa&;
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf zGJUpnf;jcif;jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf zGJUpnf;jcif;jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf zGJUpnf;jcif;jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf zGJUpnf;jcif;jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf zGJUpnf;jcif;74/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfwGifatmufyg vTwfawmfESpf&yfyg0ifonf
(u) yk'fr 109 yg jy|mef;csufrsm;ESifhtnDNrdKUe,fudktajccHvnf;aumif;?vlOD;a&udk tajccHvnf;aumif; a&G;aumufwifajrmufonhfvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;ESihfwyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfu trnfpm&if;wifoGif;aom wyfrawmfom; vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;jzihfzGJUpnf;onhfjynfolYvTwfawmf?
(c ) yk'fr 141 yg jy|mef;csufrsm;ESifhtnDwdkif;a'oBuD;rsm;ESifh jynfe,frsm;rSOD;a&wlnDpGm a&G;aumufwifajrmufonhfvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;ESihfwyfrawmfumuG,fa&;OD;pD;csKyfu trnfpm&if; wifoGif;aomwyfrawmfom; vTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm;jzihfzGJUpnf;onhftrsKd;om;vTwfawmf/
vTwfawmftoD;oD;\ tBuD;trSL;ESifh 'kwd,tBuD;trSL;rsm;vTwfawmftoD;oD;\ tBuD;trSL;ESifh 'kwd,tBuD;trSL;rsm;vTwfawmftoD;oD;\ tBuD;trSL;ESifh 'kwd,tBuD;trSL;rsm;vTwfawmftoD;oD;\ tBuD;trSL;ESifh 'kwd,tBuD;trSL;rsm;vTwfawmftoD;oD;\ tBuD;trSL;ESifh 'kwd,tBuD;trSL;rsm;75/ vTwfawmftoD;oD;\ tBuD;trSL;? 'kwd,tBuD;trSL;rsm;ESihf ywfoufNyD;oufqdkif&m vTwfawmfoufwrf;wpfckpDtwGufvTwfawmfyxrtpnf;ta0; pwifusif;yonhfaeYwGifvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,frsm; uwdopmjyKEdkif&efESihfvTwfawmfOu|?
'kwd,Ou| a&G;aumufwifajrmufay;&efusif;yaom vTwfawmftpnf;ta0;udkBuD;rSL;BuD;Muyfay;&rnhf tBuD;trSL;tm; obmywd[kvnf;aumif;? jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftBuD;trSL;ESih f 'kwd,tBuD;trSL;udk em,uESifh 'kwd,em,u[kvnf;aumif;? jynfolYvTwfawmf? trsKd;om;vTwfawmf? wdkif;a'oBuD;vTwfawmfodkYr[kwfjynfe,fvTwfawmf tBuD;trSL;ESihf 'kwd,tBuD;trSL;udk Ou|ESihf 'kwd,Ou|[kvnf;aumif; ac:a0:okH;pGJ&rnf/
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
69/423
Performance of duties by the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Pyidaungsu
Hluttaw
76. (a) The Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Amyotha Hluttaw shall also
serve as the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw
from the day of term of the Pyithu Hluttaw commences up to the end of 30
months and the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Pyithu Hluttaw
shall also serve as the Speaker and the Deputy Speaker of the Pyidaungsu
Hluttaw for the remaining term.(b) When the Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is unable to perform the
duties of the Speaker, the Deputy Speaker shall temporarily perform the
duties of the Speaker.
Functions of the Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw
77. The Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall :
(a) supervise the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw sessions;
(b) invite the President, if he is intimated of the Presidents desire to address
the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw;
(c) have the right to invite organizations or persons representing any of the
Union level organizations formed under the Constitution to attend the
Pyidaungsu Hluttaw session and give clarifications on matters relating to
ongoing discussions, if necessary;
(d) perform other duties and powers prescribed by the Constitution or any
law.
Convening the Sessions of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw
78. The first regular session of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall be held within 15 days
from the first day of the commencement of the first session of the Pyithu Hluttaw. The
Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall convene the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
28
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
70/423
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf em,uESihf 'kwd,em,ursm;\ wm0efxrf;aqmifjcif;jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf em,uESihf 'kwd,em,ursm;\ wm0efxrf;aqmifjcif;jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf em,uESihf 'kwd,em,ursm;\ wm0efxrf;aqmifjcif;jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf em,uESihf 'kwd,em,ursm;\ wm0efxrf;aqmifjcif;jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf em,uESihf 'kwd,em,ursm;\ wm0efxrf;aqmifjcif;76/ (u) jynfolYvTwfawmfoufwrf;wpfckpwifonhfaeY&ufrSvaygif; 30
jynfhajrmufonhf aeY&uftxdtrsKd;om;vTwfawmfOu|ESihf 'kwd,Ou|wdkYonf jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,uESihf 'kwd,em,uwm0efudkyg xrf;aqmif&rnf/ usefoufwrf;umvtwGuf jynfolYvTwfawmfOu|ESihf 'kwd,Ou|wdkYonf jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,uESihf'kwd,em,u wm0efudkyg xrf;aqmif&rnf?
( c ) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,uonf em,uwm0efudk xrf;aqmif
EdkifpGrf;r&Sdonhftcg 'kwd,em,uonf em,uwm0efudk ,m,Dxrf;aqmif&rnf/
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,u\ vkyfief;wm0efjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,u\ vkyfief;wm0efjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,u\ vkyfief;wm0efjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,u\ vkyfief;wm0efjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,u\ vkyfief;wm0ef77/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,uonf-
(u) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf tpnf;ta0;rsm;udkBuD;MuyfuGyfuJ&rnf?(c ) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftpnf;ta0;odkYwufa&muf rdefYcGef;ajymMum;
vkdaMumif; EdkifiHawmforwu taMumif;Mum;vQifEdkifiHawmforwtm;
zdwfMum;&rnf?( * ) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf tpnf;ta0; aqG;aEG;aqmif&GufqJ
taMumif;t&m wpf&yf&yfESihfpyfvsOf; vdktyfvQifzJGUpnf;yHktajccHOya't& zJGUpnf;onhf jynfaxmifpktqifhtzJGUtpnf;wpf&yf&yfudkudk,fpm;jyKaom tzJGUtpnf;rsm; odkYr[kwfyk*dKvfrsm;udkjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfodkYwufa&muf&Sif;vif; wifjyap&efzdwfMum;cGifh&dSonf?
(C) zJGUpnf;yHktajccHOya't&aomfvnf;aumif;? Oya'wpf&yf&yft&aomfvnf;aumif; owfrSwfxm;onhftjcm;wm0efESihfvkyfydkifcGifhrsm;udk
aqmif&Guf&rnf/
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf tpnf;ta0; usif;yjcif;jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf tpnf;ta0; usif;yjcif;jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf tpnf;ta0; usif;yjcif;jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf tpnf;ta0; usif;yjcif;jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf tpnf;ta0; usif;yjcif;78/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf\ yxrtBudrfykHrSeftpnf;ta0;udkjynfolYvTwfawmf\yxrtpnf;ta0; pwifonfhaeYrS 15 &uftwGif;usif;y&rnf/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftpnf;ta0;rsm;udkjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,uu ac:,lusif;y&rnf/
28
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
71/423
79. The Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall convene the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw
regular session at least once a year. The maximum interval between the two regular sessions
shall not exceed twelve months.
80. The following functions shall be carried out at the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw session :
(a) recording the address delivered by the President;
(b) reading and recording the message sent by the President and other messages
permitted by the Speaker;
(c) submitting, discussing and resolving on a Bill;
(d) discussing and resolving on the remarks of the President concerning a Bill
approved by the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw;
(e) discussing and resolving on matters to be undertaken by the Pyidaungsu
Hluttaw in accord with the provisions of the Constitution;
(f) discussing, resolving and recording the reports submitted to the Pyidaungsu
Hluttaw;
(g) submitting proposals, discussing and resolving;
(h) raising questions and replying;
(i) undertaking matters approved by the Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw.
81. Matters that require resolutions, consents and approvals of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw
shall be implemented as follows :
(a) if the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is in session, the matter shall be discussed and
resolved at that session;
(b) if the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is not in session, the matter shall be discussed
and resolved at the nearest Pyidaungsu Hluttaw session;
29
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
72/423
79/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfykHrSeftpnf;ta0;udkjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,uuwpfESpfvQiftenf;qkH;wpfBudrfac:,lusif;y&rnf/ ykHrSeftpnf;ta0; wpfBudrfESifhwpfBudrftMum; t&SnfMumqkH; umvonf12 vxufrydkap&/
80/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftpnf;ta0; atmufygudp&yfrsm;udkaqmif&Gufonf-
(u) EkdifiHawmforw ajymMum;onfhrdefYcGef;udkrSwfwrf;wifjcif;?( c ) EdkifiHawmforwuay;ydkYaom o0PfvTmESihf em,uu cGihfjyKaom
tjcm;o0PfvTmrsm;udkzwfMum;jcif;? rSwfwrf;wifjcif;?( * ) Oya'Murf; wifoGif;jcif;? aqG;aEG;jcif;? qkH;jzwfjcif;?(C) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfu twnfjyKxm;onfhOya'Murf; wpf&yf&yfESihf
pyfvsOf; EdkifiHawmforw\ oabmxm;rSwfcsufrsm;udkaqG;aEG;jcif;?qkH;jzwfjcif;?
( i ) zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'yg jy|mef;csufrsm;t& jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfuaqmif&Guf&rnfhudp&yfrsm;ESifhpyfvsOf; aqG;aEG;jcif;? qkH;jzwfjcif;?
(p ) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfodkYwifoGif;onfhtpD&ifcHpmrsm;udkaqG;aEG;jcif;?
qkH;jzwfjcif;? rSwfwrf;wifjcif;?(q) tqdkwifoGif;jcif;? aqG;aEG;jcif;? qkH;jzwfjcif;?( Z) ar;cGef;ar;jref;jcif;? ajzMum;jcif;?(p s) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,uu cGifhjyKonfhudp&yfrsm;ESihfpyfvsOf;
aqmif&Gufjcif;/
81/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf\ tqkH;tjzwf&,lrnfhudp&yfrsm;? oabmwlnDcsuf&,lrnfhudp&yfrsm;? twnfjyKcsuf&,lrnfhudp&yfrsm;udkatmufygtwdkif; aqmif&Guf
&rnf(u) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftpnf;ta0; usif;yqJumvjzpfvQif,if;
tpnf;ta0; aqG;aEG;qkH;jzwf&rnf?( c ) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf tpnf;ta0; usif;yqJumv r[kwfvQif
teD;uyfqkH; jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftpnf;ta0; aqG;aEG;qkH;jzwf&rnf?
29
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
73/423
(c) a special session or an emergency session shall be convened to discuss
and resolve matters which need urgent action in the interest of the public.
82. The Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw may convene a special session or an
emergency session, if necessary.
83. The Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall convene a special session or an
emergency session as soon as possible when the President informs him to do so.
84. The Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall convene a special session as soon
as possible, if at least one-fourth of the total number of the representatives so require.
85. (a) The first day session of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall be valid if more than
half of the total number, who have the right to attend the session, are
present. The session, if invalid, shall be adjourned.
(b) The sessions that are adjourned due to invalidity in accord with the Sub-
Section (a) as well as the valid sessions that are extented shall be valid if at
least one-third of the Hluttaw representatives are present.
86. (a) A matter that shall be resolved in the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, save as otherwise
provided by the Constitution, shall be determined by a majority of votes
30
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
74/423
( * ) trsm;jynfoltusKd;iSm tvsiftjrefaqmif&Guf&rnfhudp&yfrsm;udktxl;tpnf;ta0; odkYr[kwfta&;ay:tpnf;ta0; ac:,lusif;y aqG;aEG;qkH;jzwf&rnf/
82/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftxl;tpnf;ta0;udkjzpfap? ta&;ay:tpnf;ta0;udkjzpfap usif;y&efvdktyfvQifjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,uu ac:,lusif;yEdkifonf/
83/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftpnf;ta0;udkac:,lusif;yay;&efEdkifiHawmforwutaMumif;Mum;vQifjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,uonfjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftxl;tpnf;ta0;udkjzpfap? ta&;ay:tpnf;ta0;udkjzpfap tjrefqkH; ac:,lusif;y&rnf/
84/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftpnf;ta0; ac:,lusif;yay;&ef jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fpkpkaygif;OD;a&teuftenf;qkH; av;ykHwpfykHu awmif;qdkvQifjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,uu txl;tpnf;ta0;udktjrefqkH; ac:,lusif;y&rnf/
85/ (u) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftpnf;ta0;wpf&yf\ yxraeYwGifjynfaxmifpk
vTwfawmf tpnf;ta0;odkY wufa&mufcGifh&dSonfh vTwfawmfukd,fpm;vS,fpkpkaygif;OD;a&\ xuf0ufausmfOD;a& wufa&mufvQif,if;tpnf;ta0; txajrmufonf/ tu,f txrajrmufygutpnf;ta0;udka&TUqdkif;&rnf?
(c) yk'frcGJ(u) t& tpnf;ta0; txrajrmufonfhtwGufa&TUqdkif;usif;y&aom tpnf;ta0;rsm;ESihftpnf;ta0; txajrmufNyD;aemufqufvufusif;yaom tpnf;ta0;rsm;wGifjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftpnf;ta0;odkYwufa&mufcGihf&dSonfhvTwfawmfudk,fpm;vS,fpkpkaygif;
OD;a&teuftenf;qkH; okH;ykHwpfykHwufa&mufvQiftpnf;ta0;rsm;txajrmufonf/
86/ (u) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfwGif tqkH;tjzwfjyK&rnfh taMumif;t&mwpf&yfESifhpyfvsOf;rJcGJqkH;jzwf&m zGJUpnf;ykHtajccHOya'wGiftjcm;enf;jy|mef;xm;jcif;r&dSvQiftpnf;ta0;odkYwufa&muf qErJay;onfh
30
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
75/423
of the representatives of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw who are present and
voting.
(b) The Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw or the Deputy Speaker acting as
such shall not vote in the first instance, but shall have and exercise a casting
vote in the case of an equality of votes.
87. If a representative of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw is, without permission of the Speaker
of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, absent from sessions of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw for a period of
at least 15 consecutive days, the Speaker shall inform the Hluttaw concerned to take
action against the representative according to the prescribed procedures. In computing
the said period of 15 days, no account shall be taken of any period during which the
session is adjourned.
88. Although there are vacant seats, the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall have the right to
carry out its functions. Moreover, the resolutions and proceedings of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw
shall not be annulled, notwithstanding the acts of some person who was not entitled to do
so sat or voted or took part in the proceedings are later discovered.
89. The proceedings and the records of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall be published.
However, the proceedings and the records prohibited by any law or the resolution of the
Pyidaungsu Hluttaw shall not be published.
90. Members of the organizations representing any of the Union level organizations
formed under the Constitution while attending the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw with the permission
of the Speaker have the right to explain, converse and discuss the Bills and other matters
in connection with the respective organization.
31
-
7/25/2019 Constitution, 2008.pdf
76/423
jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf udk,fpm;vS,frsm;\ rsm;&mqErJjzihfqkH;jzwf&rnf?
(c) jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftpnf;ta0;rsm;wGifrJcGJqkH;jzwfonfhudprsm;jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,u odkYr[kwfem,uwm0efxrf;aqmifaeonfh'kwd,em,uonfqErJray;&/ axmufcHqErJESifhuefYuGufqErJta&twGufcsif; wlnDaeonfhudp&yfwGifom tEkdifrJay;&rnf/
87/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf ukd,fpm;vS,fwpfOD;onf jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmf
tpnf;ta0;wpf&yfwGif jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,u\ cGih f jyKcsufr&bJtpnf;ta0;wufa&muf&eftenf;qHk; &ufaygif; 15 &ufwpfqufwnf;ysufuGufvQifowfrSwfxm;onhfenf;vrf;rsm;ESihftnD ta&;,l&efjynfaxmifpkvTwfawmfem,uu oufqdkif&mvTwfawmfodkYtaMumif;Mum;&rnf/ jynfaxmifpkvTwfawmftpnf;ta0;wufa&muf&efcGihfrJhysufuGufonfh&ufaygif; 15 &ufudka&wGuf&mtpnf;ta0;a&TUqdkif;xm;onhfumvudkxnhfoGif;a&wGufjcif; rjyK&