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Constitutional Convention 1787

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Page 1: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

Constitutional Convention

1787

Page 2: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

• Convention was the idea of James Madison

• The support of George Washington was important.

• 55 delegates met in Philadelphia.

Page 3: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

Articles of Confederation -Weaknesses

• Created a weak central government.

• Congress with limited power.

• Independent states held most of the power.

Page 4: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

Restructure Government - Constitution

1• Economic Depression

2• High unemployment, money lost value,

and debt

3• Shay’s Rebellion

Page 5: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

Issue: Representation

LARGER STATES SMALLER STATES

Page 6: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

Issue: Representation

• Larger States supported:

• Virginia Plan

• Proposed by James Madison and Edmund Randolph.

Page 7: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

Virginia Plan

• Proposed the creation of three branches of government:– Legislative

– Executive

– Judicial

Page 8: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

Virginia Plan• The number of

representatives would be determined by the population of each state.

• Larger states would have more votes = more power.

Page 9: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia
Page 10: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

New Jersey Plan

• Smaller states supported:

• New Jersey Plan

• Proposed by William Paterson

Page 11: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

New Jersey Plan

• Proposed the creation of one branch:

• Congress would have more power.

• Each state would receive one vote.

Page 12: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

Connecticut Compromise“The Great Compromise”

• Proposed by Roger Sherman from Connecticut.

• Two House Legislature:- The House of Representatives

-Representatives determined by population.- The Senate -Each state would receive equal

votes - Two votes per state.

Page 13: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

Issue: Slavery

Northern States Southern States

Page 14: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

Southern States

• Southern States wanted slaves to count in terms of representation.

• Southern states did not want slaves to count for taxes.

Page 15: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

Northern States

• Northern states wanted slaves to count for taxation.

• Northern states did not want slaves to count for representation.

Page 16: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

3/5 Compromise

Page 17: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

3/5 Compromise

• Slaves were considered property.

• 3 out of every 5 slaves would count for taxation and representation.

Page 18: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

What is missing from the Constitution?

The Constitution is missing the _________ ____ __________.

Page 19: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

The Anti-Federalist• George Mason, Patrick Henry, and Samuel

Adams refused to ratify the Constitution.

• They refused to pass a Constitution without a Bill of Rights.

• They feared the government would become too powerful.

Page 20: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

The Anti-Federalists

• The Antifederalists wrote a series of essays known as the Anti-Federalists Papers.

• The essays supported the idea that a strong central government could become tyrannical.

Page 21: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

The Federalist• James Madison, John Jay, and Alexander

Hamilton supported a Constitution without a Bill of Rights.

• They felt it was more important to have a strong central government.

• They believed in dividing the powers between the branches and the states.

Page 22: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

The Federalist Papers

• The Federalists also wrote a series of essays known as the “Federalists Papers.”

• The essays supported the idea of a strong central government.

Page 23: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

Compromise

• A compromise was reached between Federalists and Anti-federalists.

• The Constitution was ratified on Sept. 17, 1787.

• The Bill of Rights was added in 1791.

Page 24: Constitutional Convention 1787. Convention was the idea of James Madison The support of George Washington was important. 55 delegates met in Philadelphia

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