April 21-27, 2014 1

Volume 3 l Issue No 16 l April 21-27, 2014 l Price: Rs 100An MMR, Braj Binani Group Publication

Green norms for projects over 5 acres may hit companies

of the regime for prior environmental clearances, the Environment Ministry introduced the requirement through

a clarification it issued to Hyundai Motors India in January 2013,” said a senior vice-president in a large

Even as industrial output is hitting new lows every passing month, India Inc is belatedly waking up to a major environment clearance deterrent that is jeopardizing investments across manufacturing, services and even the agriculture sector.

In early 2013, the Environment Ministry had made it mandatory to obtain a prior environment clearance for all investment projects involving a construction of over 20,000 sq mt or five acres of land. This has already scuttled and delayed a few projects of auto and power sector majors, who have been told to get environmental nods for building or expanding industrial facilities like factories and warehouses — a process that takes at least 18 months in a best-case scenario.

“Though the rules issued in 2006 explicitly kept sectors like automobiles and manufacturing out

a delay of around two years to obtain the green clearance.

“This makes investment planning highly risky as there would be a two-year lag in responding to market forces,” said an official in an industry chamber that is in the process of flagging the issue with the government.

“Moreover, the ministry considers the cumulative construction in a plant for this purpose. If a 19,000 sq mt auto component plant needs to expand by a mere 1,000 more sq mt, it will have to seek an environment nod for the entire plant,” pointed out the industry executive quoted earlier. “Given that most investments of a viable scale involve at least five acres of land, can the environment clearance machinery in states and the Centre cope with the workload this would entail?” he inquired.

Ambuja to invest `802 cr on expansion

India net steel exporter after 6 years

Global coating additives market $8.7 b by 2018

Ambuja Cement, in which Swiss building materials major Holcim has a majority stake, will invest Rs 802 crore this year from internal accruals to part-finance the ongoing capacity expansion projects.

In i ts annual report Ambuja Cement said, “The year 2014 will see capital expenditure worth Rs 802 crore over and above Rs 725 crore investment made in 2013. The entire proposed expenditure will be financed by internal accruals.”

The company, which has 27.25 mil l ion tons per annum (mtpa) capacity, is setting up three greenfield

India became net steel exporter in 2013-14 after a gap of six years and is likely to maintain the momentum in 2014-15 as producers are looking to dock more overseas shipment to t ide over subdued domestic consumption.

Total steel exports by India during the last fiscal stood at 5.59 million tons (mt), as against imports of 5.44 mt, said the Joint Plant Committee (JPC), a unit of the Steel Ministry.

India, now the world’s fourth largest steel maker, had been a net steel importer since 2007-08 and the trend continued till 2012-13 with 7.9 mt of imports and 5.2 mt of exports. Before 2007-08, India’s exports were more than its imports.

About 4.1 per cent higher exports and 31.3 per cent decline in imports

One of the leading research firms, Research & Markets, has announced the addition of the ‘Global Coating Additives Market Report 2013-2018 - Analysis of the $8 Billion Industry’ report to their offering.

The global market, in terms of revenue, was estimated to be worth $6 billion in 2012, and is expected to reach $8.7 billion by 2018, growing at a CAGR of 6.4 per cent from 2013.

Asia-Pacific and North America dominated the g lobal coat ing additives market demand in 2012. Asia-Pacific is expected to remain the largest market in the near future, owing to increasing demand from key countries such as China and India.

This study estimates and projects the global market trend of coating

plants of 1.5 mtpa capacity each in Rajsthan, Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh. It is also adding clinker capacity in West Bengal and Rajasthan by 0.8 mtpa each.

Ambuja Cement is invest ing Rs 3,500 crore for setting up the three new plants. The expansion at Sankrail project is underway and is slated to cost Rs 325 crore. “So far, equipment orders have been placed and civil work is in progress. This project would add 0.80 mtpa grinding capacity to the unit along with other facilities,” said the company.

A new expansion project to set

helped India become net exporter of steel.

While higher exports were driven by volatility of rupee and mismatched demand-supply situation in the country; imports were lower mainly due to slowdown in the domestic economy, said JPC.

India’s steel consumption grew by just 0.6 per cent in 2013-14, the lowest in four years, to 73.93 mt, impacted by a slower expansion of the domestic economy and lower imports.

“The low growth rate in domestic steel consumption indicated that base level demand condi t ions continued to be weak during 2013-14,” said JPC. .

The construction sector accounts for around 60 per cent of the

additives until the end of 2018. Asia-Pacific is the most dominant market for these additives, owing to large and growing demand from China and growing construction industry.

Coatings are also available in powder form which is best suited for application where the substrate is able to withstand curing temperature which is more than 125C. Acrylic and urethane-based additives are the fastest growing product types in these applications.

Growing construction activity, automotive, industrial developments, and furniture are expected to help this market. Asia-Pacific is expected to be the largest market for these additives where growth is driven by key countries such as China, Japan and India.

up a roller press at a cost of Rs 70 crore at Rabriyawas unit in Rajasthan is also coming up. This will add 0.80 mtpa grinding capacity in the first half of 2014, said Ambuja Cement.

However, the company said that the cement industry is looking for an up-cycle backed by an increase in rural consumption and recovery in infrastructure activity after a muted growth for the last three years.

India’s cement consumption growth halved to 4 per cent between 2011 and 2013, from 8 per cent logged between between 2008 and 2010.

country’s total steel demand while the automobile industry consumes 15 per cent. Both sectors were hit by a slowdown in the economy which according to the Central Statistics Office estimates grew by 4.9 per cent in 2013-14, against the growth rate of 4.5 per cent in 2012-13. Sensing poor demand in store, almost all domestic steel producers, both public and private, tried to export vigorously and showed good growth in overseas shipments last fiscal.

The Steel Authority of India (Sail) had clocked a 30 per cent growth in exports in 2013-14 and aims to more than double the shipments to 1 mt in 2014-15. The Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Ltd (RINL), which exported 1 lakh tons steel last fiscal, aims to treble that in the current fiscal.

manufacturing firm tracking the issue.

Hyundai Motors had proposed an expansion of its plant in Kanchipuram that was to take its built-up area to around 38,000 sq mt. The company was asked to seek an environment clearance first as per the norms for building construction and township and area development activities. The diktat to Hyundai set a precedent, which almost all state environment departments have used since then to force companies to seek a green clearance for new capex that would take their unit’s size beyond the 20,000 sq mt thresholds.

The government says it wants to raise manufacturing’s share in the economy to create millions of jobs, but the Environment Ministry’s stance means that any firm looking to set up a production facility of competitive scale must first factor in

April 21-27, 2014 2CONSTRUCTION

Sika India offers MTC Technology for

roofing and re-roofing thus strengthening

sustainability efficiency norms for environmental

progress, an ideal example being Gandhi Bhavan, Chandigarh

Enhanced roof durability with MTC

Roof refurbishment is about more than just ‘fixing’ the leaks. Have you ever considered what will happen if your roof failed? What is the potential cost to the inhabitants of that building or workplace? And what does it mean for the person managing that facility and their annual budget?

From a long-term perspective, investing in a proven refurbishment solution for your roof is a viable option especially for owners and managers concerned with multiple buildings, as patching up your roof year after year is a costly measure, both in terms of financial requirement, and the operational time and resource needed to continually deal with these on-going issues. Sika is dedicated to

sustainable development, assuming responsibility to provide sustainable solutions for material, water and energy efficiency. The company strengthens sustainability through programmes for efficiency and safety to achieve economic, social and environmental progress.

Roofing failureIt is crucial that the contents within

a building are protected, especially for those buildings containing high value assets or operational systems. All roofing systems will, at some stage, reach the end of their functional life. However the cause of a roofing failure may not solely be down to the roof waterproofing failing. Mechanical damage, poor design and poor

installation are all factors that can affect the integrity and performance of the roof waterproofing. Each of these factors, and more, need to be assessed when an existing roofing system is deemed to have failed.

The implications of the failure need to be invest igated, and appropriate remedial or replacement solutions specified. When selecting the replacement roofing system, compl iance w i th the bu i ld ing regulations needs to be achieved, particularly those contained with approved documents and the refurbishment solution needs to be durable, have minimal environmental impact and be installed by fitters trained in the product’s installation.

Sika MTC TechnologySikaRoof MTC (Moisture Triggered

Chemistry) Systems incorporate a unique technology that allows the material to use atmospheric moisture to t r igger the cur ing process. This means the waterproof membranes are capable of curing in a wide range of conditions including extreme temperature ranges and humidity variations. Unlike traditional polyurethane systems they do not release CO2, which often causes gassing, and application is not de layed by adve rse wea the r conditions. It is not recommended to install the SikaRoof MTC systems when rain is imminent, as rainfall could affect the appearance of the product. However, once applied the membranes are waterproof and will not show an adverse reaction to water. Within the SikaRoof MTC Systems is a Sikalastic membrane that cures to provide completely seamless waterproof protection. Its liquid application means it can be easily applied to all complex detail areas.

Zero Flame - Zero Heat Cold applied and with no need to use a torch, hot air guns, hot gas guns or heating equipment such as bitumen boilers, Sikalastic presents no fire risk during application or once in place, and gives contractors an opportunity to lower insurance premiums. Once installed the system achieves fire ratings.

Project requirements & functions of roofing systems

Single-component product•Low-temperature stability•Highly elastic and crack-bridging•Easy application by brush, roller or •airless spray equipment even when accessibility is limitedRoot resistant•Withstands mechanical loads •of pedestrian and light wheeled trafficFire-resistant•Resistant to wind uplift•UV resistant and resistant to •yellowingThermal-shock resistant, i.e. will •not be damaged by extended or sudden thermal exposure to ice, hail, rain, direct sunlight or rapid thermal swingsVapour permeable•Bonds fully to most substrates, •

preventing the migration of waterS e a m l e s s w a t e r p r o o f i n g •membraneCompatible with bituminous felts.•Slip resistant (with quartz sand •topping)

Key benefitsFreedom of design for complex

roof shapes.Completely seamless fully-bonded

waterproofing system reducing the risk of leaks due to failure of joints.

Cold applied – cold fusion bonded, zero heat, zero flame application

No fire watch required during application- installed system achieves highest fire ratings

S i k a l a s t i c M TC h a s b e e n independently approved by BBA

High tensile strength - resists tear from building movement

High elasticity - allows for greater thermal movement

Compatible with bitumen

Sikalastic MTC solutions for re-roofing at Gandhi Bhawan

The Gandhi Bhawan is one of the heritage buildings under Punjab University situated in Chandigarh, India.

Gandhi Bhawan was built in the early 1950s and designed by world-famous architect Pierre Jeanneret with a critical geometrical shape in the roof. In due course of time a problem of water leakage was experienced and as a remedial measure an additional reinforced concrete slab was laid over the roof with a cavity of approx 300 mm. A bituminous membrane was installed over the concrete slab as a waterproofing solution. However, due to exposure conditions and stresses, the bituminous membrane could not provide a watertight roof and allowed water penetration into the gap between the two concrete layers with stagnation and accumulation of rain water. The challenge was to make this roof watertight and on the other hand maintaining the heritage look of the structure. The owner required a watertight roofing solution without any disturbance to the present surface as well as maintaining the heritage look of the building.

Sika solutionSika proposed Sikalastic - 618

(MTC) an advanced roofing solution based on polyurethane liquid applied membrane system which can be directly applied over the existing bituminous surface after a minimal cleaning and removal of weak, de-bonded bituminous membrane. The liquid applied material was easy to handle on such a geometrically challenging shape of the roof and also provided with a reflective white surface which not only enhanced the overall aesthetics (compared to earlier black bituminous surface), but also improved energy efficiency of the building due to its higher solar reflectance.

Sika productsSikalastic- 618- Single component,

polyurethane, liquid waterproofing membrane in two coats with an intermediate Sika Reemat Premium, a non -woven g lass f i b re r e -enforcement.

Before application After application

April 21-27, 2014 3IN PERSON

‘Durable construction impossible without right usage of construction chemicals’

Your observation on the size of domestic construction chemicals market.

According to recent studies, the market size of the construction chemicals industry in India is roughly pegged at Rs 3,500 crore, with a potential to reach Rs 5,000 crore over the next few years if we, as the industry, promote ourselves professionally and increase the level of awareness within the construction industry.

The construction industry should be convinced that the usage of construction chemicals is a benefit and not an undue cost.

For the past five years the growth rate for the industry is roughly 17 per cent CAGR based on available figures. The projected growth rate for this sector could be CAGR of over 20 per cent, in the near future. The growth was affected due to the recessionary slump, but now the trend is positive.

India’s construction chemicals market is a combination of the organized and unorganized sector, with the organized sector representing more than half of the market.

Major segments of construction chemical (CC) industry and total sales

Segments of CC industry % of Total SalesAdmixtures 40-45%Flooring 10-15%Waterproofing ≈14%Repair ≈12%Tiling, Sealants and Others 19-20%

How do you see the demand situation at present?

Currently, a significant chunk of about more than 65-70 per cent of construction chemicals is being used for new structures. Also, old structures, when due for repairs, need to use construction chemicals. The chemicals will be consumed for enhancing life expectancy of civil engineering assets as they cannot be demolished. In addition, construction chemicals engulf a large range of products for every industry in India.

On growth drivers for construction chemicals in India.

With growing infrastructure spend, construction chemicals are going to be used in concrete, and this would mean a vast opportunity in roads, irrigation projects, power sector, railways, etc.

Areas like waterproofing, flooring, industrial construction, too, are witnessing a positive upswing due to a rise in number of residential and commercial projects.

“Sustainable construction should aim at reducing the environmental impact of a building over its entire lifecycle, including construction, occupation, maintenance and demolition. In a fast developing nation like India, costs are essential and sustainable construction can help economize cost of the structure over its life cycle,” says Samir Surlaker, President of apex industry body, the Construction Chemicals Manufacturers Association (CCMA) and Managing Director of MC-Bauchemie (India) Pvt Ltd, in an interview with Paresh Parmar

As manufacturing grows further, the demand for construction chemicals in industrial usage will rise in tandem. As rehabilitation and construction growth accelerates, the demand for construction chemicals will go up, augmenting sales and turnovers.

At present, rise in awareness on correct usage of construction chemicals among existing users and increasing awareness about the industry for new users, especially in developing areas of our nation, would be the biggest growth drivers for the industry.

How do you see the role of value-addition in products towards achieving overall performance enhancement?

The latest technological trends globally are slowly but surely catching a foothold here in India. Be it PCE admixtures for concrete, time-saving tile adhesives, beautiful resin-based floorings, more robust and effective waterproofing systems, or technical mortars like grouts, repair mortars, and protect ive coatings; these materials are currently accepted and used across various top-tier projects in India.

This effect has to filter down towards normal/day-to-day usage, something we believe, will happen as the awareness about our industry and correct usage of construction chemicals grow.

Tell us about the CCMA’s role in promoting the industry growth.

T h e k e y o b j e c t i v e f o r t h e association will be to promote growth of the construction chemicals industry, by raising awareness and quality standards.

The response from construction chemical manufactures is positive with leading companies joining in to form a strong apex body. Many raw material suppliers to the industry, local as well as transnational companies, have already joined or are actively considering joining the association in the capacity of associate members. With this development, the CCMA is slowly but surely becoming the voice of the construction chemical industry.

Furthering the cause for technical development, a handbook is planned on the correct usage of construction chemicals in collaboration with the Indian Concrete Institute. Attempts are already on the way to introduce technical topics in the academic syllabi.

Training programmes are in

advance stages of design. These roving seminars will be taken to rural areas as well as engineering colleges. Another initiative is to open up local chapters all over India.

In a very short amount of time BIS has agreed that the CCMA will be on key IS Code committees to take a viewpoint of expert CCMA members in the formulation of codes.

With this holistic approach, we are confident of improving the systematic use of construction chemicals. Three years down we are firmly on track in our objectives to increase awareness.

With two successful international C3 (Construction Chemicals Conference) events in Mumbai and Delhi behind us, we are also taking the initiative further to India’s regional centres with our C3R (Construction Chemicals Conference Regional) events at Rajkot and Nagpur. This initiative continues with the successfully concluded C3 event in Chennai recently, and further regional events in Rajasthan, and eastern India.

Participants for these events were end-users, specifiers, government decision makers, etc. These seminars

also focus on problems faced by decision makers to specify and use these products with confidence.

International speakers were invited who could instill confidence in our local civil engineering fraternity about benefits of usage of construction chemicals. The success of our seminar series is a good indication that the interest in correct usage of construction chemicals is fast gaining ground due to the benefits in speed, durability and lifecycle costs it provides

Releasing C3 Sovenir

(Contd on pg 4)

April 21-27, 2014 4INFRASTRUCTURE

sustainability. Through the medium of CCMA, we would push forward for better code of conduct and quality standards relating to green products eventually.

On the challenges confronting the industry at present and the opportunities ahead.

Wheels are already in motion to in terest our government in accepting construction chemicals as a recognized industry segment that would support us with incentives and rationalization of government taxes, duties and levies.

Tax breaks in Vat, etc for the construction chemicals industry would be a big boost for us, since most construction in India is still a cost-sensitive market for construction chemicals. Getting materials to end-users at lower cost with fewer burdens on manufacturers will boost the growth of the industry as a whole. It would also help to boost performance and quality in construction.

In th is regard , we p lan to communicate views of construction chemica ls manufacturers and end- users to Central and state governments by taking help of Ficci, CII, etc.

Of course, as the awareness grows, the market will get bigger and

focus will be on increasing technical awareness, and awareness on usage of construction chemicals. With this we look forward positively to the year ahead.

You comment on successful completion of the 3rd edition of C3.

The Construct ion Chemicals Manufacturers Association (CCMA) hosted the third edition of ‘International Construction Chemicals Conference in 2014.’

The focus of the seminar was to enrich and improve dialogue between the construction industry and the CC industry. The C3 event in Chennai was a customer-centric event where our partners in the construction industry benefitted from people who know construction chemicals the best -- our construction chemical industry.

It was actively supported by ICI, SEWC, BAI, ACCE, etc, which generated tremendous interest in the conference. The emphasis of the international conference was on improvement at the t ime of construction, repairs, strengthening and rehabilitation and protection from future deterioration.

Delegates to C3 gained from an insightful programme and had the networking opportunity which is bound to unite the industry together.

in person(contd. from pg 3)

How do you see sustainability in the current situation and what are CCMA’s initiatives?

Sustainable construction should aim at reducing the environmental impact of a building over its entire lifecycle, including construction, occupat ion, maintenance and demolition. In a fast developing nation like India, costs are essential and sustainable construction can help economize cost of the structure over its lifecycle.

While some building practices are guided by short-term economic c o n s i d e r a t i o n s , s u s t a i n a b l e construct ion is based on best practices that emphasize long-term affordability, quality and efficiency.

Sustainable construction should a im at env i ronmenta l f r iend ly construction, and this includes reducing repairs, rehabil itation, rebuilding and decommissioning a structure. Most of these issues can be addressed by good quality durable construction.

Construction of durable structures is absolutely not possible without right usage of construction chemicals. This durability would define and enhance

Housing shortage of 25 m units, 11 m homes vacant

Amid housing shortage of up to 25 million units in the country, Urban Development Secretary Sudhir Krishna said there are 11 million homes that are vacant as per the latest census figure and out of that 10 per cent lie in the National Capital Region.

Krishna said the Centre is revisiting rental law to boost housing supply. He suggested that real estate projects,

whether built by government bodies or private developers, should be handed over to local municipalities for maintenance purpose.

The Centre had projected total housing shortage in the country at 18.78 million in the beginning of the 12th Five-Year Plan (2012-17). More than 90 per cent of shortage exists for the EWS/LIG section of society.

Expressing concern over the slow

pace of urbanization, he said at least 70 per cent of the population should live in urban area. “We have not urbanized enough. The urbanization level of 31 per cent is not enough. It’s a serious issue,” Krishna said, adding that slow pace of urbanization is putting huge pressure on rural land, which is resulting in fragmentation of land holdings to the disadvantage of farmers.

GMR announces completion of Chennai ORR

GMR Infrastructure announced completion of Chennai Outer Ring Road phase-1 project in Tamil Nadu, saying that this will add Rs 118 crore every year to the cash flow of the company for over 17 years. GMR won the 29.65 km project through international competitive bidding.

“GMR Highways is p leased to announce the completion of Chennai Outer Ring Road phase-1 project. The government of Tamil Nadu and all concerned agencies issued a provisional certificate for

completion,” the company said. The company said commissioning

of the project will significantly ease traffic congestion along the western periphery of Chennai city. The Outer Ring Road connects the northern and southern suburbs of Chennai and will be a catalyst for expansion of the city and help growth of the industrial hubs in this region through better connectivity, it said.

C o m m e n t i n g o n t h e commissioning of the project BVN Rao, Business Chairman of GMR

Urban Infrastructure & Highways said, “The Chennai Outer Ring Road is GMR Group’s 9th highway project. Over the years we have developed significant expertise in design, construction and operation of highway projects. With growing urbanization and more cities are planning ring roads and peripheral roads to enable better connectivity. GMR Group is ideally placed to partner with state governments in similar projects.”

Private equity f irm Milestone Capital Advisors has exited its investment in a commercial property in Pune developed by Kumar Urban Development for a realization of Rs 145 crore. The firm had invested in the 2.5 lakh sq ft commercial property, The Cerebrum B2, situated in Kalyani Nagar, through its IL&FS Milestone Fund I, a rental yield fund investing in

The global solar sector saw total corporate funding of $7 billion in the first quarter of calendar year 2014, as compared to $5 billion in the same quarter of the previous year, said Mercom Capital Group, LLC, a clean energy communications and consulting firm, in a report.

“It is a robust quarter for solar as financing activity surged in almost all areas. The big story continues to be strong capital markets. VC funding was up with several funding deals involving investment ‘platforms’, while third-party residential/commercial funds continue to raise record amounts,” said Raj Prabhu, CEO, Mercom Capital Group.

ready pre-leased commercial assets. Milestone Capital Advisors Vice

Chairman & Director Rubi Arya said, “We are happy to conclude this exit especially in a recessionary market like now, and after holding on to this prime asset for about six years and having earned a rental escalation through this period, we have sold the same to a high net worth investor,” she said.

Global VC funding, PE and corporate VC in the first quarter 2014 totalled $251 million in 26 deals, up from $87 million in 24 deals in the fourth quarter of 2013. Solar downstream companies attracted most of the VC funding this quarter, with $182 million in 13 deals, the report said.

As per the report, there were 43 large-scale project funding deals totaling $3.6 billion announced in the first quarter of 2014. The report said corporate solar M&A activity surged to record 38 transactions in the first quarter of 2014, up from 25 transactions in the first quarter of 2013.

Milestone Capital exits Cerebrum B2 in Pune

Solar sector gets $7 b funding in Q1

Indian business groups are stepping up investments in the infrastructure sector, either directly or through infrastructure debt funds, in anticipation of an upturn in the economy and greater ease in executing large public works.

The Tata Group, the Aditya Birla Group, the Piramal Group and Larsen & Toubro Ltd are among the entities that have announced new infrastructure projects or an intention to increase investments in existing ones.

High borrowing costs, delays in securing mandatory government approvals and completing land acquisition, and constraints like fuel shortages have stalled many infrastructure projects, including roads and power plants.

The renewed corporate interest in the sector comes at a time when India is in the midst of a general election that many analysts and opinion polls predict will lead to a change in government and put the economy on the path of recovery after two years of anaemic growth.

Tata Housing will spend Rs 24, 000-26,000 crore over the next two-three years on land and construction costs for the 55 million sq ft it is developing, said Managing Director & Chief Executive Brotin Banerjee.

“The infrastructure sector would be a sector of choice, for getting India back on the growth track. Tata Projects will focus on power

generation, transmission, railway, metal and minerals, water and waste water, oil gas and hydrocarbons, urban infrastructure and quality services inspection industries,” said a Tata Projects executive.

In June 2013, The Tata group said it had plans to invest about Rs 48,000 crore in three of its unlisted infrastructure companies over the next five years, aiming to increase the size of its combined business by more than three times.

Projects under the ambit of Tata Projects, Tata Housing, and Tata Realty and Infrastructure Ltd would be of the order of Rs 70,000 crore by 2019, from an estimated Rs 20,000 crore presently, said managing directors of the three companies.

The Aditya Birla Group has tied up with Australia-based Hastings Inves tmen t Fund to s ta r t an infrastructure-focused debt fund in India. According to a joint statement by the two companies, released in Australia on March 28, Hastings intends to establish a permanent presence in Mumbai with this venture.

Groups like the Piramals have already started investing in the sector. The group, which will make equity and debt investments of around Rs 500 crore this year through Piramal Capital, the financial services arm of Piramal Enterprises Ltd, has already funded Navayuga Road Projects Pvt Ltd.

Business groups hike infra investments

April 21-27, 2014 5CONSTRUCTION

Eco-friendly solutions from Perma ConstructionWaterproofing systems

In present-day construction ordinary portland cement and its blends with puzzolonic and slag materials have come to stay. A lot of compatible alternatives are available for a builder to choose from various waterproofing systems. Some systems are old and conventional, but still practiced successfully. Some modern systems take material and structural behaviour into consideration.

There are some compounds which are used in plastic concrete to make it less permeable to water. These are known as integral waterproofing compounds. They are based on plasticising and air-entrainment or water repellence principles.

These are used as a good waterproofing precaution when other factors such as good mix-design, proper mixing/placing, compacting/curing, etc are taken care of. There are some waterproofing techniques for vertical surfaces. These are also used for preserving heritage buildings by stopping/minimizing the aging process.

Old waterproofing systemsBrick bat coba system or lime

terracing; bituminous treatment; metal l ic sheet wrapping; poly-urethane-based waterproof ing treatment; epoxy-based waterproofing treatment, box type waterproofing system, etc.

Brick bat coba system It was developed during the initial

stages of flat roof construction with lime mortar burnt clay brick pieces. This involved laying lightweight mortar on the roof and spreading it to give gentle slopes for draining away rainwater immediately.

The mortar consisted of lightweight brick pieces as aggregates and ground brick with lime as binding matrix. During British rule this system became more popular, not because of its waterproofing efficiency, but because of its efficiency in keeping interiors cool. Some applicators developed better skills in laying these systems, with neatly finished top with lines engraved on top of plastic mortar now known as IPS.

Some practiced embedding broken tile or ceramic pieces in plastic mortar and called it china mosaic. This type of system remained most popular with multi-storey construction in all major cities. The system lasts up to 15 years if done by skilful applicators.

Once water starts entering brick bat coba, brick pieces absorb too much of water and the roof becomes an invisible pond of water continuously causing leakage and increasing burden on the roof slab. It will be highly beneficial if brick bat coba is laid on a flexible waterproofing membrane as waterproofing as well as economical weather-proofing can be achieved with this system.

Bituminous treatmentBitumen is more commonly used in

the form of felt or flexible membrane formed by sandwiching jute fabric or fibreglass/polypropylene mats with chemically modified bitumen. These membranes are laid on the roofing over a bitumen primer.

There are two types of membranes one is cold-applied and the other hot-applied, which means one needs to heat the edges of the felt with a torch so that they melt and stick to the second layer in the overlap area.

On the RCC flat roofs the bitumen felts have not been successful because of the unacceptable black appearance and inaccessibility of the terrace for other social uses. Technically it is not

preferred because bitumen layer or felt on the terrace not only makes it watertight but also airtight.

Concrete has breathing property. It takes water/moisture and breathes out water vapour. Hindrance of this breathing property of concrete develops pore pressure, which causes blisters in the felt.

After a few seasons the blisters multiply and eventually delaminate the felt from the concrete surface. Hindrance of breathing property of

concrete makes concrete weak. But on asbestos cement sheets and zinc sheets in factory roofs, this bitumen felt is the only dependable waterproofing system. Hence all factory roofs in India adopt this water proofing system. Moreover, bitumen is the most economical product available for waterproofing.

Box type waterproofingThis type of waterproofing system is

used only for basement waterproofing or waterproofing structures below the

ground level from outside to prevent leakages of subsoil water into the basement.

In this method limestone slabs (Shahabad stones) are first laid in the excavated pit over blinding concrete in a staggered joint fashion to avoid the continuity of the mortar joints. The joints are effectively filled with rich mortar admixed with integral waterproofing compound and cured. Over this the raft is laid and shear/brick walls constructed. The limestone

slabs are erected around the walls in a similar fashion leaving a gap of one to two inches between the external surface of the wall and the inner face of the stone surface.

The joints again effectively sealed with rich admixed mortar and the same mortar is filled in the gap between the wall and the stones. This stonework is continued up to ground level. In this system the raft and the sidewalls are protected from direct exposure to sub soil water.

(Contd on pg 6)

April 21-27, 2014 6PROJECTS UPDATE

Punj Lloyd bags `3,254-cr infra development

project in Libya

JNPT, NHAI, Cidco work on traffic conflict-free road project

NHAI to award 5,000-km highways contracts in 2014-15

Engineering major Punj Llyod said it has won Rs 3,254-crore contract for constructing infrastructure facilities in a Libyan city.

“We wish to inform that the company has been awarded a contract to design and construct infrastructure facilities of Zliten city (Libya),” said Punj Lloyd.

The project involves design and construction of the storm and sewer network, water network, te lecommunicat ion and power

The Jawaharlal Nehru Port Trust (JNPT), in association with the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) and the City Industrial Development Corporation of Maharashtra Ltd (Cidco), is working on a Rs 1,800-crore road project to provide seamless connectivity for trucks coming from three national highways to the port and vice versa.

“The plan is to make our existing 43 km of road network which connects JNPT to three major highways (Mumbai-Pune, Mumbai-Goa and Mumbai-Agra) from the present four lanes to 12 lanes with two lanes on each side dedicated for public transport. About Rs 1,800 crore will be invested in this project on BoT basis. We have already invited the bids,” said Neeraj N Kumar, Chairman, JNPT.

“We are making this project a traffic conflict-free road. For uninterrupted

The National Highways Authority of India (NHAI), after a poor show in 2013-14, is readying its work plan for this financial year, one that reflects the gloom enveloping the sector. It is planning to award about 2,000 km through cash contracts, or EPC mode, and is ready with 3,000 km to be bid via the public-private partnership (PPP) mode.

NHAI officials said they have informed the highways ministry of their targets for 2014-15, but awarding projects on the EPC mode can only take off if the NHAI is able to acquire 90 per cent of the land. In addition, the final award on PPP mode would depend on the market response, which has been poor of late, and may need to be converted to the EPC mode if no bids are received.

“We have had discussions on what target to fix and it was decided to keep a conservative estimate since we would have to answer to the new government on the results,” said an NHAI official.

All in all, it might be possible to award about 5,000 km of projects, with about 3,000 km from BoT projects only if appetite of lenders improve,” said an NHAI official, adding that the Authority has communicated to the highways ministry that if PPP projects have to be converted to the EPC

distribution network, natural gas network, street lighting and road works including landscaping of parks and green areas.

The project covers about 2,400 hectares, almost the entire area of Zliten city and is scheduled to be completed in four years.

“The approximate cost of the said project is LYD 665.719 million, equivalent to $540 million or Rs 3,254 crore,” said the company.

movement port traffic we are making provisions for overbridges and grid separators. Due to this, the cost is coming very high at Rs 1,800 crore. Normally, such a road could have cost Rs 500 crore. We are also envisaging the future New Mumbai airport. This road will give last mile connectivity to the New Mumbai airport. So we are ensuring that the traffic coming to the airport does not disturb the port traffic,” said Kumar.

For this purpose, JNPT, NHAI and Cidco have formed a Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV) called JNPT Road Company Ltd which has invited tenders from interested parties to build this road on a BoT (build, operate and transfer) basis. JNPT, NHAI and Cidco have 40 per cent, 50 per cent and 10 per cent equity, respectively in the SPV. The cost of this project will be recovered by charging toll.

mode, then NHAI’s financial capacity would have to be examined.

The NHAI chief R P Singh has told the ministry that further allocation of resources would be required in such a case and these issues would have to be presented to the new government on priority, said people familiar with the matter.

As per the work plan, the NHAI is readying about 2,300 km of highway projects with a total project cost over Rs 15,000 crore via the EPC route, and 3,278 km PPP projects worth over Rs 35,000 crore. The EPC projects include Rs 996-crore Talcher-Dubari-Chandikhole and Rs 675-crore Bijapur-Gulbarga-Homnabad stretches which had been bid out in 2012-13 on the PPP mode but failed to get any bidders.

“In recent months, raising equity for highways PPPs has become difficult and there are even signs of declining interest from developers. Not only are companies hesitant to bid for new projects, several existing assets are up for sale. Many developers are finding it difficult to fund the entire shelf of projects. They are resorting to asset sale to fund new/existing projects,” said Manish Sharma, Executive Director, Capital Projects & Infrastructure at PWC.

Jica okays `674-cr loan for U’khand forest project

The Japan International Cooperation Agency (Jica) has approved a loan of about Rs 674 crore for a forest project in Uttarakhand.

“The agency signed a Japanese ODA loan agreement wi th the Government of India in New Delhi to provide up to 11,390 mil l ion yen (around Rs 674 crore) for ‘Ut tarakhand Forest Resource Management Project’,” the agency said in a release. The agreement was signed on April 11.

The loan at a concessional interest rate of 0.30 per cent carries a

repayment period of 40 years with a grace period of 10 years. The project aims to improve natural environment and livelihood of people living in and around the forest areas with the loan funds used for afforestation and income generation of local communities.

In addi t ion, the project wi l l support implementation of disaster reconstruct ion and prevent ion measures in the forest area of Uttarakhand where heavy rains caused devastating floods and landslides in June 2013. The executing agency for

the project is the Uttarakhand Forest Department.

The project is expected to be completed by March 2022. “The forest area in Uttarakhand has not only huge degradation pressure but also suffered severe damage during the disaster in June 2013. This project will contribute to eco-restoration of the forest area in conformity with improvement of the livelihood of the communities,” said the release. The Jica works to help developing countries become self-reliant in pursuing their own socio-economic development.

This system seeks to delay the occurrence of leakages in basements. A lot of building structures are waterproofed by this system.

Modern techniques Modern techn ique a ims to

understand functional behaviour of the structure, understand properties of available materials arrive at a system, which is best suited for the structure and incorporate the system at the design stage only.

A single product or technique is not usually enough, involvement of various bodies and techniques in coordination is essential for making structures waterproof. For success of any system the building structure should have sufficient and efficient control joints if the slabs dimensions are more than 20 meter in any direction.

Control jo ints are structural engineering design features. These joints are supposed to be designed and their configuration marked on drawings and their detailing needs to be given with respect to waterproofing system proposed in large buildings. Modern technique relies basically on two main waterproofing systems, which are foolproof and simple. They are as follows: Crystall ine waterproofing system and flexible membrane waterproofing system.

Crystalline waterproofing system

This system involves blocking water bear ing capi l la r ies wi th

insoluble crystals. This method is used for waterproofing water-retaining structures like overhead/underground water tanks, sunk slabs of bathrooms and toilets, swimming pools, basements, terrace gardens etc. The main product in this system is a grey or brown-looking powder.

The method of treatment involves saturating with water the surface to be treated. Then mixing two and half volumes of the powder with one volume of water to form neat consistency hot slurry.

This slurry is brush applied on the saturated surface. The active ingredients in the slurry pass through water-bearing capillaries and react with calcium oxide in concrete to form insoluble crystals, which effectively block capillaries. Further, chemical ingredients of the product remain in concrete to reactivate the process of crystallisation as and when a new capillary is developed.

Flexible membrane The main product used in this

system comprises two components -- one liquid and the other is a powder packed roughly in the proportion of 1:4 by weight. The liquid component is an acrylic emulsion and the powder component is a polymer-modified cement with film forming chemicals and fillers, and some manufacturers add reinforcing fibres to make the product extra effective.

These two ingredients, namely the pre-weighed powder and the liquid, are mixed together in an uniform slurry results. This slurry is brush applied on the roof surface, which

upon drying forms a flexible film. Since there is cement in this product its compatibility with concrete is excellent.

The f i lm fu r ther a l lows the breathing of the concrete without any hindrance hence there is no problems of its de-lamination from the concrete surface. This film being flexible takes care of the deflections in the slab and the movements caused because of primary or secondary settlements, movements due to wind loads and temperature stresses developed in the concrete. This system can be used on surfaces, which had bituminous treatment earlier.

Generally, architects in India, do not specify in-depth waterproofing details and leave this aspect generally to ignorant clients to chose whatever system he likes, and many structural designers give least importance to the control joints. As a result of this, many systems have failed in several prestigious buildings and the blame went to waterproofing contractors or the product manufacturer.

There is a need for architects and structural designers to understand various systems available and specify them clearly and in sufficient detail, taking into consideration in-service conditions of the structure.

The client should also insist on the architect to provide waterproofing design details in advance so that no ambiguity remains till the end. This would give enough time in selecting the specified material.

eco-friendly solutions

HCC bags Rs 300-cr Delhi Metro contractInfrastructure major Hindustan

Construction Company has won Rs 300-crore contract from the Delhi Metro Rail Corporation Ltd (DMRC) for design and construction of twin tunnel on Dwarka corridor. This is the third contract for the underground Metro received by HCC since October 2012 under phase-3 development of Delhi Metro aggregating to Rs 1,539 crore.

“The contract is for design and construction of 1.54 km long twin tunnel on Dwarka-Najafgarh Metro corridor of phase-3 of Delhi Metro,” said the company in a statement. The twin tunnels will be constructed using shield tunnel boring machine. The contract also includes construction of one of the biggest underground stations, which is 290 meters long and 30 meters in width. The station will be

built at a depth of 18 meters. The work will be completed in 36 months.

Prior to this order, the company has received two contracts under phase-3 of Metro development for package CC30 on the Mukundpur-Yamuna Vihar corridor in October 2012 and package CC34 on Janakpuri West-Kalindi Kunj Corridor in February 2013. The company has already deployed 5 tunnel boring machines for these two packages.

(contd. from pg 5)

April 21-27, 2014 7

April 21-27, 2014 8CONSTRUCTION

The façade of Abu Dhabi’s super-luxury 5-star hotel, the Emirates Palace, matches the various shades of sand in the Arabian Desert. Integrally coloured

concrete, combined with marble, granite and sandstone, gives the tower a unique semblance

One of his showcase projects is the Emirates Palace Hotel in Abu Dhabi, now famed as the most expensive and most exclusive hotel in the world. Heyes received his postgraduate diploma and Bachelor of Arts in Architecture with honors at the Leeds Polytechnic School of Architecture in England.

Perfect union of natural stone, concrete

In the design and implementation of large buildings like the Emirates Palace Hotel with its perimeter of 2.5 kilometres, both aesthetic demands and economic issues play a crucial role. Concrete, integrally coloured with Bayferrox® pigments, and natural stone form a perfect union in the façade of the Emirates Palace.

On an area of 120,000 square

Splendour in colour concrete

In a part of the world where impressive buildings are not exactly thin on the ground, a hotel building needs to have quite a few special attributes to make it stand out. The Emirates Palace in Abu Dhabi certainly has an awesome number of those.

The five-star hotel is one of the largest in the world and offers a whole range of superlatives. 250,000 cubic metres of concrete coloured with Bayferrox® pigments were used to build the hotel on an area of 243,000 sq metres. 20,000 building workers were involved in the construction of the palace.

The giant building has a perimeter of 2.5 kilometres, and the 40-metre high archway at the hotel entrance is taller than Berlin’s Brandenburg Gate.

The inside of the hotel also matches up to these structural superlatives: 102 elevators take the guests to the 302 rooms and 92 suites. The kilometer-long corridors are provided with several thousand signs to prevent guests from getting lost.

Arabian tradition Tr a d i t i o n m e e t s m o d e r n

construction engineering: Designed like a fairytale castle, a dream from A Thousand and One Nights. In style, the Emirates Palace is reminiscent of large buildings of the ancient Orient.

Integral ly coloured concrete combined with marble, granite and sandstone gives the building a unique appearance. The colour of the façade matches the various shades of sand in the Arabian Desert. Traditional oriental patterns have, with the help of modern technology, become an integral part of the façade. The architectural highlights are the 114 domes decorated with gold leaf. The highest of them has a diameter of 42 metres, a size matched only by St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome.

“The contrast between modern technology and traditional forms fascinated me!” said Jeremy Heyes, Senior Vice President, Wimberly Allison Tong & Goo. Jeremy Heyes’ career is marked by more than 20 years of experience in planning and architecture, both at home in the UK and abroad.

He combines top design skills with a flair for project management.

met res , decorat ive , sweeping e lements made of g lass f iber re inforced, integral ly coloured concrete, have been blended into the flat surface, while natural stone was used to create special highlights, and has also been used in the reception area.

The c onc re te c om ponen ts coloured with Bayferrox® pigments simulate the natural texture and colourfulness of various granite shades such as Salisbury Pink, Royal Red and Juparana, and thus blend harmoniously with the natural stone.

“The Emirates Palace Hotel displays concrete in its optimal form. The use of flexible moulds not only allows a high level of versatility in architectural design, it also ensures

economic efficiency,” said Bernd Trompeter, Managing Director of Reckli GmbH.

A total of 60 tons of Bayferrox® 920, Bayferrox® 960 and Bayferrox® 130 pigments were used. They were added to the cement slurry to create a monolithic, homogeneous colour effect. Fibrex Co in Abu Dhabi was responsible for producing the highly decorative prefabricated glass fiber reinforced concrete elements.

(Courtesy: Lanxess)

April 21-27, 2014 9IN PERSON

What are the reasons for slow growth of India’s Green real estate sector? How do you see it at the policy level (Centre and state)?

India’s Green real estate sector is witnessing a very healthy growth rate and the trends are indeed encouraging and vivid. In the last week of March 2014, India reached a remarkable milestone when it crossed the 2 billion sq ft mark of Green building footprint registered with the IGBC, the Indian Green Building Council. This also propels India to premier position of the second largest Green building footprint in the world.

‘2 b sq ft Green building footprint registered with IGBC’

“Government should provide more incentives in terms of higher FAR for Green building projects, reduction in property tax, faster clearance for Green building projects and special concessions for Green products & technologies,” says Dr Prem C Jain, Chairman of the Indian Green Building Council (IGBC) and AECOM India in an interview with Paresh Parmar

It is important to note that India reached the f irst 1 bi l l ion sq ft milestone in 2011 and in a short span of only about two-and-a-half years, it has crossed the 2 billion sq ft of Green building footprint. This is a clear testimony that India’s Green real estate sector is on the boom and is adding great value to the country.

The Confederat ion of Indian Industry (CII) has set targets for Indian Industries for India@75, which is 75 years from independence, that is the year 2022. Therefore, the IGBC has also announced that India@75 will become Global Leader with 10 billion sq ft of Green buildings.

Today, al l types of buildings all across the country are going the IGBC way. This growth and progress has been made possible with the innovative and inspirational role of the IGBC and support of a l l the stakeholders inc luding government, developers, architects and corporates.

Some of the government projects that are going the IGBC way include: Police Bhawan, Gulbarga; HUDA-Annexe-II, Hyderabad; Thyagaraj Spo r t s Comp lex , New De lh i ; Jawaharlal Nehru Bhawan, Ministry of External Affairs, Government of India, New Delhi; General Pool Residential Area (GPRA) MoUD, New Delhi; and Govt. Mohan Kumaramangalam Super Specialty Hospital & Trauma Care Centre, Salem, Tamil Nadu.

The IGBC is constantly working with the Central government and several state governments to obtain incentives like additional FAR, lower power tariff and faster statutory approvals for Green buildings. This would provide great impetus to

India’s Green real estate sector to scale greater and ‘greener’ heights.

How do you see the need for creating awareness about long-term benef i ts of patroniz ing Green developments among consumers?

Sustainable buildings have been a way of life in India for centuries. All the ancient structures including temples, mosques, forts, even ‘havelis’ were skillfully built, using locally available resources, and incorporating features which were in harmony with nature.

Historically, we worshipped the five elements of nature (Panchabhutas) and people of al l walks of l i fe practiced austerity in all that they consumed; these in today’s context signify ‘Green’. In fact, going the ‘greener’ way is intrinsically imbibed and part of our ethos.

However, we have drifted away from our rich and varied heritage in the past 50 years, blindly aping Western practices which are not relevant to our way of life, nor climate, nor resources. Today, our rivers and water bodies have been polluted from effluents from chemical industries and we have become a water-deficient country.

The need of the hour is to go back to our roots and incorporate the state-of-the-art technologies. With this objective in India, the IGBC is partnering with the Resident Welfare Associations (RWA) and working closely with owners/occupants in sensitising them on ‘greener’ way.

The IGBC is promoting and

encouraging the use of BEE star-rated electr ical equipment and appliances. In order to conserve water resources, the IGBC is working with the International Association of Plumbing & Mechanical Officials (IAPMO) in developing rating system for local ly manufactured water efficient fixtures and also sensitising stakeholders on the urgent need and importance of ultra-low flow fixtures.

The IGBC celebrates World Green Building Week in September every year across the country, highlighting that Green buildings make better place to live, work and play, and they will improve the wellbeing and quality of life for everyone in the community.

Therefore , today go ing the ‘greener’ way is an imperative for a sustainable tomorrow. This is good both for preserving life on our beautiful planet earth and for our country’s economy. The adage ‘Little drops of water make a mighty ocean’ may seem clichéd, but is very applicable in this case. Small but significant steps are the need of the hour.

Can you elaborate on measures that would assist the growth of Green real estate sector in India?

As a result of the concerted efforts of the IGBC, today India is one of the global leaders in Green buildings. For instance, in 2003, there were very few products and employment opportunities in this sector.

However, with the awareness created by the Green bui lding movement across the country, the sector has witnessed tremendous growth opportunities. We still have a long way to go.

To further accelerate the growth and spread of the sector, concerted efforts should be undertaken to further generate awareness on the urgent need and importance of Green buildings.

(Contd on pg 10)

April 21-27, 2014 10IN PERSON

Consumers should demand for high performance Green building products & technologies. They should enquire on the extent of the recycled/recyclable content of the product used in construction of their building. This in turn will trigger more demand for Green products & technologies. They should not settle for anything less than a certified and fully functional Green building.

All the upcoming buildings across the country should be conceived, designed and constructed as per Green building norms. This will provide new avenues to develop products & technologies which are ecologically superior and economically viable for our needs.

Government should provide more incentives in terms of higher FAR for Green building projects, reduction in property tax, faster clearance for Green building projects and special concessions for Green products & technologies.

C o n c e r t e d e f f o r t s b y a l l stakeholders would go a long way in further accelerating the growth of Green real estate sector in India.

Tell us about your outlook for the industry.

The outlook for the industry is very promising and encouraging. In the next two decades, India would be witnessing huge demand for residential spaces, commercial buildings, schools, infrastructural projects, hospi ta ls , and other applications.

It is estimated that about 70 billion sq ft of building footprint would be added in the next

two decades in India. Hence, there exists a huge opportunity in the design & construction of all upcoming buildings as Green buildings. The buildings can be designed as Green right from day one.

India will have more of Net-zero (energy & water) buildings and as a result it will effectively manage its energy & water requirements. The optimized resources can be channelized to other resource crunch areas.

The IGBC foresees that the next 10 years will be the decade of integrated sustainable built environment. This will mostly be in the form of large integrated townships, satellite cities, gated communities, and campuses

with multiple buildings. This presents an enormous opportunity to design these developments as Green and influence the lifestyle of people who live in such cities. The need to promote Green cities becomes an imperative.

Another important outlook in the sector would be the active involvement of the younger generation in further Greening India. Green schools and educational institutes will be spread across the country.

Generation of power from new and renewable energy sources such as wind, mini hydro, biomass and solar energy will receive increased impetus. Green will become the way of life.

How do you see the opportunity ahead in convert ing exist ing buildings into green?

India today has over 30 billion sq ft of existing building stock. Energy cost (electricity, DG & fossil fuel) alone is estimated to be around 60 per cent of the total operation and maintenance cost (including energy, water, repairs, etc) in existing building stock. Therefore, it is imperative to explore the scope for reduction in their energy consumption through building envelope optimization, and upgrading air- conditioning, plumbing & lighting technologies.

Green practices in the existing buildings can help address national issues like water efficiency, energy efficiency, reduction in fossil fuel use in commuting, handling of waste and conserving natural resources. The operational savings through energy & water efficiency alone could range from

15-30 per cent. Most importantly, these concepts will enhance occupant health, happiness and well-being.

In light of this, the IGBC with the support of all stakeholders has launched in April 2013 at Mumbai, India’s first Green Building Rating Sys tem fo r O&M o f Ex i s t i ng Buildings.

The overarching objective of this rating tool is to facilitate building owners and facility managers in implementation of Green strategies, measure their impacts and sustain the performance in the long run. The thrust is on implementation and results achieved.

The pilot version of IGBC Existing

Buildings O&M rating system is applicable for all types of non-residential bui ldings, including office buildings, IT parks, BPOs, shopping malls, hotels, hospitals, airports, banks and other commercial applications.

Building types such as industries, factories, educational institutions and schoo ls w i l l be cove red under respect ive IGBC ra t ing programmes.

Buildings which are 80 per cent occupied (with respect to the carpet area,) and operational for a minimum of one year, are eligible for certification under the IGBC Existing Buildings O&M rating.

Projects already certified and operational for more than one year are also eligible to apply for the IGBC Existing Buildings O&M certification

This rating is evoking excellent response from stakeholders. Already 10 ex is t ing bu i ld ing pro jects , amounting to over 2 million sq ft are registered with the IGBC under this rating.

For instance, Bombay House, the headquarters of Tata Group, has become the country’s first existing building to get the prestigious Green gold rating from the Indian Green Building Council (IGBC).

Some of the key Green features of Bombay House -IGBC gold certified existing building include:

Energy savings of more than 20 per cent.

Renewable Energy Certificates (REC) equivalent to more than 75 per cent of annual electricity consumption requirement of the building have been purchased by owner.

Water savings of more than 50 per cent.

Bombay House, for the whole year of 2013, has achieved an Energy Performance Index (EPI) of 124.96 kWh/m2/year. Efforts are to have EPI further go down to below100 kWh/m2/year.

The success story on Bombay House is a clear testimony that if a 90 year old heritage building can obtain Gold EB rating, there is every possibility that more recently constructed existing buildings can go the ‘greener’ way.

The ‘greening’ of existing buildings also offers immense untapped market opportunities. It is estimated that by 2025, the Retrofit Potential of Existing

Buildings in India would be about $25 billion.

We are confident that in days to come, many more existing building will go the ‘greener’ way and play an important role in facilitating India to emerge as one of the global leaders in Green buildings by 2025.

What are the measures taken and the role of the IGBC towards achieving common goal of sustainability?

The IGBC operates on a consensus based approach and it is a member-driven organization. The IGBC, with the support of stakeholders, has addressed the following 3 A’s:

Awareness on the need and importance of Green buildings

Availabil ity of Green building products and technologies

Affordability of Green building products & services

A vast majority of key stakeholders of the construction industry in India are part of the Council. Currently, the Council has its membership strength of over 1,675 registered organizations. The IGBC adopts the following multi-pronged strategy towards achieving the common goal of sustainability.

Launch of IGBC local chapters: These chapters work closely with all stakeholders in the region, and spread awareness of the Green building concepts at the state and regional levels. The IGBC currently has launched 15 local chapters across the country, 3 more are in the offing.

Further, the IGBC works closely with various Central and state government departments in highlighting the urgent need and importance of Green buildings. As a result of concerted efforts, the IGBC could facilitate the following:

The Ministry of Environment & Forests, and the Government of India accord faster clearances for projects applying for the IGBC Green Building Certification

New Okhla Industrial Development Authority (Noida) provides higher FAR (5 per cent) to Green building projects.

A s s i s t a n c e w i t h d r a f t i n g of environmental guidelines for Maharashtra

Green guidelines for existing & new factory buildings in Andhra Pradesh

The Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority (HMDA) offers Green channel for Green buildings

Kerala state PWD has issued directive that all state government buildings in Kerala will be IGBC certified.

Further, the IGBC’s flagship event and India’s largest conference with exhibition on Green buildings. This provides a unique platform to learn, share and explore new business opportunities. The 12th edition of Green Building Congress 2014 is scheduled to be held on September 4-6, 2014 at the In ternat ional Convention Centre in Hyderabad.

We regularly organize training programmes across the country to share information on Green building concepts, on IGBC Green Building rating systems and to share best practices in Green buildings.

We have set up a Green technology centre which is housed in the CII-Godrej GBC building, India’s first Platinum-rated Green building. It serves as a platform to showcase Green products/technologies and also enables visitors to have a touch & feel of the innovative Green products under development.

Moreover, the IGBC forges vibrant partnerships with various national and international organizations in exploring new areas of cooperation and business opportunities. Some of the recent MoUs inked by the IGBC include MoU with NHB, Credai, the University of Salford, IAPMO, ASHRAE India, ISHRAE and IPA.

The IGBC in its efforts to reach the student community has launched over 40 student chapters across the country. These chapters aim to instil a sense of commitment towards Planet Earth and encourage student members to adopt the ‘greener’ way.

The IGBC also regularly organizes ‘Paint our Earth- Drawing Competition for Schoolchildren’, aiming to generate awareness amongst schoolchildren on the need and importance of environmental protection.

Any message to the industry?The IGBC, with the support of

all stakeholders, has successfully demonstrated an excellent business case for construction of Green buildings. Today, constructing Green buildings is technically feasible and economically viable, and India is well-poised to be the global leader in the Green building movement.

The Green building sector in India offers immense untapped market opportunities.

A study conducted by the IGBC indicates that the market potential for Green building products and technologies would be about $120 billion by 2015. India is well-poised to develop more of innovative and futuristic materials and technologies which are not only eco-sensitive and energy-efficient, but will significantly address the fast depleting resources and play a catalytic role in preserving and protecting our Planet Earth.

The place we live, work, study, play should all go the ‘greener’ way. Therefore, partner with the IGBC in making Greener India.

(Contd from pg 9)

Police Bhawan, Gulbarga Thyagaraj Sports Complex, New Delhi

Jawaharlal Nehru Bhawan, New Delhi

April 21-27, 2014 11CONSTRUCTION

The main reasons for water leakages

are water stagnation, inadequate slope for drainage of rainwater and deterioration of

waterproofing system

leakage through walls between units of pre-fabricated elements.

Leakage from metal pipe surfaces

Seepage through defective joints or pipes caused by poor installation or di f ferent ia l movements and settlements are the main causes of water leakage from metal pipes. Corrosion of metal pipes at junctions with floors or walls, invasion of water into conduits, blockage in pipes leading to excessive pressure built up or sometimes attack by rodents or roots of plants causing damage of metal pipes and leakage occurring at these locations.

In case of exposed supply pipes or drains there may be inadequacy in design of drains such as insufficient diameter, bends being too sharp, etc. Also, blockage of drains at the junction of bends or traps, open joints such as hoppers of down pipes may lead to leakages of water.

Musty smell coming from the basement may be subtle, but grows

Sources and solutions to leakage

Water seepage occurs mainly from external walls, windows, roof or the ceil ing which may cause water staining, peeling off of paint or wallpaper, water dripping, growth of fungus, defective concrete, plaster or tiles and rust staining.

This could be due to a variety of reasons. They are common defects in causing nuisance to occupiers across floors. It is sometimes very difficult to identify the source or cause of water seepage for which an extensive investigation may be necessary.

Many homeowners often ask for a list of warning signs of water leakage and damage. Such queries come more often in cities that endure excessive rainfall, prolonged rainy season such as Mumbai.

It is extremely important in such places to have a list as a guide for self-inspection in the hope that they might have an early detection of problems and consequently their timely redressal. A tentative checklist is given below for a ready reference.

Leakage from roofs The main reasons for water

leakages are water stagnation, inadequate slope for drainage of rainwater and damage or deterioration of waterproofing system. Leakage occurs through pores and connected capillaries in concrete structures, thereby corroding reinforcement. Sometimes a defective enclosure for water tanks, cracks of parapet walls affects waterproofing systems. Inadequate protection of roof slab or improper installation of waterproofing system may also lead to leakage.

Leakage through windowsThis may be due to forming of

gaps between window frame and masonry, between lintel beam and masonry, and through alumimium frame and window sill which can be avoided by choosing and sealing with a right kind of sealant.

Leakage from internal wet areas

Leakage from bathrooms or kitchens is usually caused by seepage from fitments, bathtubs, shower trays, buried pipes or drains due to improper construction of joints and improper installation of sealants.

The inadequate slope of such floors may lead to water stagnation for some time due to which water may penetrate through tile joints. Waterproof cement rendering underneath floor tiles for the floor not installed properly and improper installation of sockets or conduits are some of other causes of bathroom leakage.

Damp patches on dry wallsWater penetration takes place

through external wall defects such as hairline cracks, joints, honeycombs, spalling, weak points, holes, punctures and leftovers of debris. The hairline cracks begin to grow further and allow seepage of water.

The movement of external wall components leads to settlement cracks on the wall. Also, water penetration takes place through defective external wall finishes such as loosened mosaic tiles, cracked ceramic tiles and paint surface, poor cladding or curtain walls constructions. Another cause may be due to water

Sanjay Bahadhur Global CEO, Construction Chemicals, Pidilite Industries

odour coming out from furniture and draperies.

Many of these signs become visible only after leakage and damage to the basement reach a critical stage. It is best to inspect early and often. If any of these signs are visible, call in a professional waterproofing agency. Remember that water damage creates problems not only to your house, but it additionally causes var ious heal th issues.

If you are serious about your property, you should attend to any leakages from plumbing and drainage line immediately to prevent damages to wall and structure. Terrace should be cleaned every month. All bathroom, water closet and kitchen traps are vulnerable areas that demand careful and frequent check. All cracks on external walls should be inspected and repaired as soon as detected.

Points to rememberIt should also be borne in mind it

is essential to:Avoid nailing at parapet or any

external surface

They are time-consuming and cumbersome jobs and looking a t modern era o f t ime-bound construction projects, they are not the right choices.

Climatic changes and weathering effects are the major issues for non-acceptability of these techniques.

Finally, specifically the brick bat coba is technically not a waterproofing solution as the porous bricks and in-f i l l ing mortars used for such techniques absorb a large amount of water inside the system.

Though the brick bat coba is advantageous to build up the slope on flat roofs, it also adds dead load on the slab structure. Moreover, in case of existing roofs with brick bat coba, it is very difficult to find out the actual source of water ingress which in turn challenges rehabilitation work.

New generation techniquesPolymer science has created a new

dimension to waterproofing solutions to building structures and today a plethora of waterproofing materials

Specialized polymeric crack filling material or polymer mortars should be used to fill up those areas and the external faces to be covered with weather resistant protective coatings rather than decorative finish paints.

Vegetation growth also plays a vital role in bringing external moisture inside the building elements through their roots, stems and leaves. Removal of such unwanted vegetation along building facades and subsequent filling of gaps with moisture insensitive polymeric mortars would be the right choice.

Basements, foundationsAnother very important issue

is concerned with the design of b a s e m e n t s a n d f o u n d a t i o n s depending on their usage like car parking, commercial establishments, storages, workshops and in various demands as applicable in case to case basis.

Basements being the closed areas are very prone to high humid conditions leading to dampness

stronger. This may be due to inadequate or damage of tank waterproofing systems (due to movements or punctures) and also may be due to deterioration of water stops at construction and movement joints.

Growth of mould, mildew and fungus inside the building. All these become visible after colonization of spores and showing discoloration of paints and coatings and creating unhygienic atmosphere ins ide buildings.

Peeling of paint from wood surfaces

If there are wood surfaces, paint begins to peel off from window frames, doors and other surfaces. This may happen due to improper fillings around frames and deformation of frame and sashes, defective gasket, sealant or putty for window glass setting or frames.

The other factor which may lead to wood surface due to moisture ingress may be due to air- conditioning box or platform tilting inwards or insufficient sealant around air-conditioning units.

The other causes are growth of vegetation, ingress of water through the joints. The signs of distress may be observed from the appearance of powdery substances on furniture and

Never overload ‘chhajja’ with ‘kundis’ and waste materials

Do not convert or change the patterns of building segments, that is, kitchen to bedroom, toilet to kitchen, etc.

Do not puncture any structural members such as a column, beam, slab, etc.

Do not forget to apply waterproofing systems before all kinds of flooring

Traditional techniques Waterproofing in our country is

being done over several years by various conventional and traditional methods such as:

Lime terracing for roofsBrick bat coba for roofs and

terracesMud fuska for roof surfacing Shahabad t i le f in ish ing for

basements and retaining wallsBox type waterproofing techniques

for basementThe methods are used over a

period of time. But they have certain limitations and disadvantages. To mention some herewith:

As all the methods are labour-intensive, scarcity of skilled labour in today’s construction industry is one of the major drawbacks of these methods.

as per international standard are available. The only requirement is that we should focus leakage problems in a comprehensive way and try to resolve them with a proper scientific approach.

For example, leakage from flat roofs could be due to water stagnation and subsequent percolation of water through cracks on surfaces or in parapet walls. Such a problem can be solved building a proper slope and repairing the cracks with suitable crack-filling materials.

Similarly, i f joints in external facades between window frames and masonry walls or gaps between aluminium frames and window can still be taken care of with proper elastomeric sealant, the ingress of water can be restricted.

Leakages in bathrooms and wash areas can be resolved by following a proper waterproofing specification while casting the sunken slab followed by filling of gaps and joints on floors, plumbing lines and internal fittings with sealing materials.

Vegetation growthPenetration of water through

external walls normally takes place through hair l ine cracks, joints, honeycombs, holes and punctures.

and flooding which in turn damage structures. The other critical factors like varying water level subjected to tidal situations and monsoon rain intensity coupled with blocking of sewerage pipelines intensify leakages. A more detailed solution like tanking with a water barrier membrane coupled with effective drainage system should be envisaged.

Cost comparisonsThe polymeric waterproofing

techniques vary in their characteristics a n d a p p l i c a t i o n t e c h n i q u e s , depending on the usage areas. Henceforth, the cost implication is also multi- faceted ranging between arbitrary numbers.

The initial cost of application may be a little high, but the advantageous part is the speed and ease of application coupled with long term durability and service life compared with conventional techniques.

April 21-27, 2014 12

Registered with the Registrar of Newspapers for India under No. MAHENG/2012/41844 Posted at Mumbai Patrika Channel Sorting Office, Mumbai - 400001, on Monday Published on Monday, April 14, 2014

Regd. No. MH/MR/South-355/2012-14

EVENTS

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Success of CE at Chennai

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responsibility for statements and opinions expressed by the authors.

marking construct ion chemical products to give confidence to end users and construction industry.

As per feedback from end-users CCMA introduces technical training programmes to bui ld ski l ls for applicators, which is key to success for any waterproofing and protection systems. Accordingly about four regional seminars are planned by the association.

The association has planned a Handbook on Admixtures in collaboration with Indian Concrete Institute. Further, the association is attempting to introduce technical topics in the academic syl labi.

Training programmes are at an advance stages.

With all this, the association feels, the industry is confident of growing from present revenue of about Rs 3000 crores to Rs 5000 crores in the next 2-3 years. This is absolutely

possible considering the large gap in demand and supply.

This growth is totally dependent on government accepting construction

chemicals as recognised industry. With the recent success of CCMA’s

C3 event the association is confident of future prospects and has planned the next edition of this event in Kolkata during February 2015.

EVENTSMay15-17, 2014

Ecobuild India To be decided soonIt is the largest exhibition of the sector that concentrates on the future of sustainable building design, construction and built environment. It plays an important role in the development and advancement of the sector and helps the exhibitors to showcase their products and services associated with the sector.

Contact: UBM India Pvt Ltd. Times Square, B- Wing, Unit 1 & 2,5th Flr, Marol, Andheri Kurla Road, Andheri East, Mumbai

May 16-18, 2014Roof India 2014 Chennai Trade Centre, Chennai The exhibitors will showcase roofing systems, architectural cladding, facade engineering, roof waterproofing, pre-engineered buildings, space frames and more.

Contact: International Trade & Exhibitions India Pvt Ltd 1106-1107, Kailash Building, Kasturba Gandhi Marg, New Delhi

May 22-24, 2014Metal Buildings & Steel Structures ExpoBombay Convention Centre, MumbaiMBSS Expo is an initiative designed to promote the use of steel and allied metals in construction to showcase the latest products and innovations in the industry. The event also proves to be an ideal platform for exploring new business opportunities and for dissemination of knowledge in the quest to deliver world class technology/services.

Contact: INIS Enterprises Pvt Ltd, 116 Atlanta Estate, VItth Bhatti, Goregaon East, Mumbai

July 11-13, 2014India International Build Expo ChennaiChennai Trade Centre, Chennai,This event helps the professionals and experts of the industry to come together under the same roof and experience an ideal platform to network and interact with each other. Contact: Prompt Trade fairs (India) Pvt Ltd, 621, 3rd Floor, SIRE Mansion Thousand Lights, Chennai

September 11-13, 2014The Big 5 Construct IndiaBombay Convention Centre, MumbaiIt will provide the ideal platform for influential architects, contractors, consultants and engineers to share ideas about innovative construction tools and services. Contact: DMG: Events. PO Box No 33817 Dubai, UAE

December 4-6, 2014Ceramics AsiaGujarat University Exhibition Hall, Ahmedabad This event will be organized to enhance that potential by bringing industry professionals from different corners of the world under one roof. Ceramics Asia is going to be organized for three days at the Gujarat University Exhibition Center in Ahmedabad Contact: Unifair Exhibition Service Co. Ltd, Room 802-804, Daxin Building, 538 Dezheng North Road Guangzhou, China

December 15-18, 2014bC India ShowIndia Expo Centre and Mart, Greater Noida The International Trade Fair for Construction Machinery, Building Material Machines, Mining Machines and Construction Vehicles-provides the international construction industry with a professional platform for the construction industry. Contact: B C Expo India Pvt Ltd, Lalani Aura, 5th Floor, 34th Road, Khar (West), Mumbai

The Const ruct ion Chemica l International Seminar branded C3 was held in Chennai on March 21 and 22, 2014 and was well-attended by about 550 delegates. It was a unique seminar covering effective use of construction chemicals for enduring structures in the field of construction chemicals. It was inaugurated by Chief Guest Dr Nagesh Iyer, Director, CSIR.

Sami r Su r l ake r, P res iden t , CCMA-the Construction Chemicals Manufacturers Association, invited delegates to play an interactive role. Iyer commented on the tremendous growth of construction chemicals in India.

Dr Prabhat Kumar explained the usage of construction chemicals in nuclear structures and invited CCMA to participate actively in the technological development. Upen Patel, BASF, introduced CMA activities and G Manari, Convenor and CMD, Cerachem, proposed a vote of thanks.

C3 was addressed by many

international speakers from BASF, Sika, Chryso, MC-Bauchemie and others, as well as Indian experts from the construction chemicals field, like Cerachem, Fairmate, UltraTech, and others.

The programme was excellently blended and fully technical and pa r t i c ipan ts app rec ia ted the dissemination of knowledge. The main aim of CCMA to spread awareness was met. The sessions were chaired by eminent profess ionals l ike Shivathan Pillai, IGCAR; Dr M Kalgal, UtraTech; Nagarajan, K P Pradeep, Master Builder; Dr N P Rjamane, Dr Y P Kapoor, Willie Kay, Singapore; Dr R N Krishna and others. The concluding session was moderated by Mr Subu, MD, Sika.

CCMA is now over 50 member strong association representing 80% of revenue. In a very short time construction chemical manufacturers have collaborated jointly to promote cause of spreading awareness and to focus on right use of right chemicals. CCMA aims at standardising and

Introduction of chief gust by Mr Manari