“Energy and

domestic consumptionin Italy”

Multilateral PartnershipLLP/Comenius Programme 2009/20112009-1-CY1-COM06-00472-5

Istituto Magistrale“Emilio Ainis”

Messina - Italy

“The struggle for being is the struggle

for getting energy”

Ludwig Boltzmann(physicist)

The Energy in Italy 2008

Primary sources Production

Unit of measurement

Oil 19.195 GWh

Natural gas 172.697 GWh

Coal and solid fuel

43.074 GWh

Others 18.840 GWh

Total 253.806 GWh

Source: Autorithy for electrical energy and gas - Plan 2008GWh = giga watt/ hour

Renewable sources 2008

Source Production Unit of measurement

Hydro-electric (from natural contribution)

41.623 GWh

Wind 4.861 GWh

Photovoltaic 193 GWh

Geothermic 5.520 GWh

Biomass and waste 7.523 GWh

Total 59.720 GWh

Source: Autorithy for electrical energy and gas - Plan 2008GWh = giga watt/ hour

Supply of energy for source (2008)

Oil= 43%

Natural gas=36%

Coal=9%

Import electric energy= 5%Renewable sources= 7 %

Characteristics of consumption

The consumption of primary energy in Italy is characterized by:• use of oil and gas which Italy buys from Russia, from Libya, from Algeria and from Holland; • importation of electricity (about 5% of primary consumption);• low contribution of coal (equivalent to 9% of primary consumption);• absence of electric-nuclear production;• a share of renewable sources slightly higher than OCSE countries average .

General data 2008

Production reserved to consumption

299.446,9 GWh

Imported electric energy 43.432,5 GWh

3.398,4 GWh

Demand 339.480,9 GWh

Grid loss 20.443,7 GWh

“Statistical data on electric energy in Italy at 2008” – TERNA Spa

Exported electric energy

Distribution of consumption 2008

Fields of activities Consumption

Agriculture 5.669,5 GWh

Industry 151.366,6 GWh

Tertiary 93.612,2 GWh

Domestic 68.388,9 GWh

Total 319.037,2 GWh “Statistical data on electric energy in Italy at 2008” – TERNA Spa

Domestic consumption and its cost • Italian families use yearly more than 30% of

total energy consumption.

• In Italy the price of electric energy is regulated by the Authority for electric energy and gas.

• The cost of electric energy for domestic use is an average around €16.64 per Kwh euros, before tax.

• A typical family spends on average € 449.01 per year.

Expense of families 2008

Type of family Average monthly expenses for non

foodstuff products

Average monthly expenses fuel and energy

1 person € 1.380 5,8% = € 80,04

2 people € 1.963 5,4% = € 106,00

3 people € 2.380 5% = € 119,00

4 people € 2.524 4,9% = € 123,68

5 people and more € 2.563 5,3% = € 135,84

ISTAT Data

Data for inhabitants

• From 1998 to 2008 the average yearly rate of increase for inhabitants is 1,6%.

• The consumption pro-capita appears higher in Northern Italy(6.518kWh/inhab) in comparison to Central Italy (4.911 kWh/inhab) and Southern Italy (4.019 kWh/inhab).

Average yearly consumptions of electric energy in a family with a five-year- old apparatus

Source of consumption Consumption for year of families with 1-2 persons

Consumption for year of families with

3-4 persons

Lighting 300 kWh 430 kWh

Electric cooker 350 kWh 530 kWh

Refrigerater 328 kWh 440 kWh

freezer 360 kWh 600 kWh

Washing machine 130 kWh 280 kWh

tumble-drier 200 kWh 410 kWh

dishwasher 190 kWh 350 kWh

TV, stereos, PC 260 kWh 320 kWh

Small electric apparatus 450 kWh 660 kWh

Air conditioner 270 kWh 350 kWh

A typical household

A family of 4 people uses almost 3 thousand kWh per year so divided: 600 kWh for expenses of electric boiler, 900 for lighting and other expenses, 540 kWh for an old refrigerater, 120 kWh for a cooker and dishwasher, 390 kWh for washing machine, 330 kWh for TV.

The liberalization of energy

• Since 1st July 2007 in Italy, like in all European countries, has been launched the liberalization of demand of energy

(EU Directive 54 e 55 del 2003).• In our country it concerns almoust 30

thousand of families which can request quotes from several suppliers of electric energy and gas choosing the most convenient supply.

“Twotimes” prices In Italy, since July 1st 2010, the system “twotimes prices” will be introduced, or different prices of electricity according to different times of day or of the week.The electricity will have a lower price in the evening, at night, in the early morning and during the weekend. The price will be higher during working days.

The new system could offer the opportunity of saving money to consumers and it will promote advantages for all, an efficient use of energy and protection of enviroment .

Comenius‘ group

Bibliografy and web

• Energia per l’astronave Terra, Nicola Armaroli e Vincenzo Balzani, Zanichelli ed. 2009

• Rapporto annuale del Ministero dello sviluppo economico – dati 2008

• Dati statistici sull’energia elettrica in Italia nel 2008 – Terna spa

• ISTAT “Famiglia e società” – Statistiche in breve, 2008

• Autorità per l’energia elettrica ed il gas – Piano 2008

• www.federconsumatori.it