InterConnect2017

Containerize, PaaS or Go Serverless?

Phil Estes @estesp

Lin Sun @linsun_unc

A Case Study in Application Deployment Models

1

Application Deployment Models: A Brief Overview

2

Your compute options in the post VM world can be confusing.

PaaS (Cloud Foundry) <

Containers <

[Orchestration] <

FaaS/“Serverless” <3

4

Cloud Foundry Overview

5

IBM is leading 3 projects, has 2 in incubation & contributes to 10 overall

IBM has been the #2 contributor since the community was established, behind only Pivotal.

Clouds

Services

Bui

ldpa

cks

Bluemix PaaS Leverages Cloud Foundry

> Continuing IBM’s history of embracing Open Source

6

Bluemix Cloud Foundry Quick Start> A range of sophisticated programming language & quick start boilerplates:

7

Fast, lightweight, isolated application containers

“Docker containers spin up fast and provide a layer of isolation from other services running in containers.”

“The lightweight containers can spin up in a matter of seconds without consuming a lot of resources.”

Containers: Based on Docker

8

Read-only template used to create Docker containers

Build new images by modifying existing images

Find and share images on a registry (Docker Hub)

Containers: Images

9

Beta available March 20th.

Combining Docker and Kubernetes to deliver powerful tools, an intuitive user experience, and built-in security and isolation to enable rapid delivery of applications - all while leveraging IBM Cloud Services including cognitive capabilities from Watson.

www.ibm.com/cloud-computing/bluemix/containers

IBM Bluemix Container Service

10

Intelligent Scheduling Automated rollouts and rollbacks Container Security & PrivacyDesign Your Own Cluster

Self-healing Horizontal scaling Leverages IBM Cloud & Watson Integrated Operational Tools

S M L

Service discovery & load balancing Secret & configuration management Simplified Cluster Management Native Kubernetes Experience

IBM Bluemix Container Service

New Section

New Section

13

+ =

www.ibm.com/cloud-computing/bluemix/containers

IBM Bluemix Container Service

14

Commonly referred to as “serverless” computing, the function/event-oriented computing model takes focus away from deploying application components onto servers

Function-as-a-Service: Overview

„Event-action platform to execute code in

response to events“

15

Serverless deployment & operations model

We hide infrastructural and operational complexity allowing you to focus on coding: You provide code – we execute it!

Optimal utilization, fair pricing at any scale

We provide you exactly with the resources you need; and charge you when your for code is executed

Flexible programming model & powerful tooling

We support multiple languages (incl. Swift) and even the execution of custom logic via Docker containers plus SDK/tools to declaratively chain your code snippets

Open source & open ecosystem

Open to run anywhere (on-premises vs. Bluemix hosted), no vendor lock-in and a growing ecosystem of contributors and partners

OpenWhisk: Details

1

2

3

4

16

}1 Associated Services

OpenWhisk Bluemix Runtime

Cloudant

Data event occurs: - git commit - CloudantDB operation - etc.

Event triggers: - An associated

OpenWhisk action

2

Node.js Swift Docker

OpenWhisk: How does it work?

Registered Actions

Git

Weather API

…

OR direct execution: - Web Action endpoint

- `wsk` action execute - etc.

17

Consistent experience: Common service binding & consumption model

Common user ID & permissions model Common routing layer

Consistent experience• Common service binding & consumption model • Common user ID & permissions model • Common routing layer

Level of abstraction

Flexibility

OpenWhisk FaaS

flexibility vs ease of use/abstraction trade-off

Bluemix: Compute Models

Cloud Foundry PaaS

Docker/Containers CaaS

Kubernetes/Containers CaaS

18

Execute code on-demand in a highly scalable, managed environment through event

driven triggers. Functions can be written in Javascript, Apple Swift, or custom

Docker images. SDK with service binding and API gateway (beta) support available.

OpenWhisk

Build and deploy portable applications with significant flexibility and control over

content that run anywhere without having to reconfigure and deploy for different

environments. Orchestrate using available technologies, including Kubernetes.

Containers

Deploy and scale applications using a broad set of runtimes, binding to a rich set of

cloud services, without having to manually configure and manage servers.Cloud

Foundry

Infrastructure Control

Bluemix: Compute Model Comparison

Demo Application: FlightAssist A practical comparison of the three compute models discussed

19

Uses several APIs/services:

> TripIt API

> FlightStats API

> Weather Company API

> Cloudant NoSQL DB

A Node.js application; default deploys as a CloudFoundry

application. Easily decomposable into a set of service

queries after retrieving trip data.

https://github.com/estesp/flightassist/

20

FlightAssist: Overview

21

FlightAssist: Application Layout

FlightAssist

Language: Node.js Monolithic CF app

TripIt API

Bluemix Services

Weather Company Data

External API/Services

Cloudant

FlightStats API

http://localhost:3000/

http://localhost:3000/authenticate

http://localhost:3000/flights

view index.ejs

oAUTH w/TripIt

TripIt oAUTH callback > view trips.ejs

AJAX calls:

/i/tripdata /i/flightinfo /i/weather /i/conninfo

22

FlightAssist: Application Demonstration

FlightAssist

Language: Node.js Monolithic CF app

AJAX calls:

/i/tripdata /i/flightinfo /i/weather /i/conninfo

http://localhost:3000/

FlightAssist

Language: Node.js Monolithic

Containerized App

http://localhost:3000/

FlightAssist

Language: Node.js App Container

http://localhost:3000/

WeatherService

Language: Python Container

http://localhost:5000/

/i/weather

WeatherService

Language: Swift OpenWhisk Action

See: https://github.com/estesp/flightassist/

Demo Deploying FlightAssist with various application models

23

Understanding Your Compute Options Trade-offs for deployment methodologies

24

25

Deployment Model Comparison

Containers PaaS/Cloud Foundry FaaS/OpenWhisk• Full control over runtime

environment (minimal OS) • Lends itself towards reuse/

organizational control (e.g. common base image for application dev/test/prod)

• Portable runtime packaging (dev. laptop, production server, public cloud)

• Orchestration platforms and paradigms support micro service architectures well (service discovery, load balancing, etc.)

• No requirement to understand/manage OS layer; CF buildpacks

• Platform handles routing, scaling, logging, health check with little to no involvement from developer.

• Service catalog/service binding model highly beneficial for ease of consuming and configuring external capabilities (APIs, databases, platform capabilities)

• Infrastructure not even a discussion point with function developer. “PaaS on steroids”

• Highly granular “utility” model for pricing (100ms) means short-lived functions incur minimal cost. Very low latency + “infinite” scaling.

• Custom [Docker image] runtime support for non-standard use cases (bash script, compiled code) with same workflow

• Encourages good micro service architecture flows with action trigger and sequence capabilities• OS layer updates/patching

• More developer/operator concerns: build, service configuration, custom middleware/backends (instead of provided services)

• Little to no visibility into platform (OS image, library/runtime versions, etc.); mercy of build pack updates?

• Tends to guide developer towards monolithic app development

• App routing/interactions limited to HTTP/HTTPS

• Some limitations in runtime support (complexity in using libs/frameworks)

• Actions via HTTP still maturing; can be complex to configure.

• Visibility/debug can be difficult

26

Notices and disclaimersCopyright © 2017 by International Business Machines Corporation (IBM). No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form without written permission from IBM.

U.S. Government Users Restricted Rights — use, duplication or disclosure restricted by GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM.

Information in these presentations (including information relating to products that have not yet been announced by IBM) has been reviewed for accuracy as of the date of initial publication and could include unintentional technical or typographical errors. IBM shall have no responsibility to update this information. This document is distributed “as is” without any warranty, either express or implied. In no event shall IBM be liable for any damage arising from the use of this information, including but not limited to, loss of data, business interruption, loss of profit or loss of opportunity. IBM products and services are warranted according to the terms and conditions of the agreements under which they are provided.

IBM products are manufactured from new parts or new and used parts. In some cases, a product may not be new and may have been previously installed. Regardless, our warranty terms apply.”

Any statements regarding IBM's future direction, intent or product plans are subject to change or withdrawal without notice.

Performance data contained herein was generally obtained in a controlled, isolated environments. Customer examples are presented as illustrations of how those customers have used IBM products and the results they may have achieved. Actual performance, cost, savings or other results in other operating environments may vary.

References in this document to IBM products, programs, or services does not imply that IBM intends to make such products, programs or services available in all countries in which IBM operates or does business.

Workshops, sessions and associated materials may have been prepared by independent session speakers, and do not necessarily reflect the views of IBM. All materials and discussions are provided for informational purposes only, and are neither intended to, nor shall constitute legal or other guidance or advice to any individual participant or their specific situation.

It is the customer’s responsibility to insure its own compliance with legal requirements and to obtain advice of competent legal counsel as to the identification and interpretation of any relevant laws and regulatory requirements that may affect the customer’s business and any actions the customer may need to take to comply with such laws. IBM does not provide legal advice or represent or warrant that its services or products will ensure that the customer is in compliance with any law.

27

Notices and disclaimers continuedInformation concerning non-IBM products was obtained from the suppliers of those products, their published announcements or other publicly available sources. IBM has not tested those products in connection with this publication and cannot confirm the accuracy of performance, compatibility or any other claims related to non-IBM products. Questions on the capabilities of non-IBM products should be addressed to the suppliers of those products. IBM does not warrant the quality of any third-party products, or the ability of any such third-party products to interoperate with IBM’s products. IBM expressly disclaims all warranties, expressed or implied, including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular, purpose.

The provision of the information contained herein is not intended to, and does not, grant any right or license under any IBM patents, copyrights, trademarks or other intellectual property right.

IBM, the IBM logo, ibm.com, Aspera®, Bluemix, Blueworks Live, CICS, Clearcase, Cognos®, DOORS®, Emptoris®, Enterprise Document Management System™, FASP®, FileNet®, Global Business Services®,Global Technology Services®, IBM ExperienceOne™, IBM SmartCloud®, IBM Social Business®, Information on Demand, ILOG, Maximo®, MQIntegrator®, MQSeries®, Netcool®, OMEGAMON, OpenPower, PureAnalytics™, PureApplication®, pureCluster™, PureCoverage®, PureData®, PureExperience®, PureFlex®, pureQuery®, pureScale®, PureSystems®, QRadar®, Rational®, Rhapsody®, Smarter Commerce®, SoDA, SPSS, Sterling Commerce®, StoredIQ, Tealeaf®, Tivoli® Trusteer®, Unica®, urban{code}®, Watson, WebSphere®, Worklight®, X-Force® and System z® Z/OS, are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation, registered in many jurisdictions worldwide. Other product and service names might be trademarks of IBM or other companies. A current list of IBM trademarks is available on the Web at "Copyright and trademark information" at: www.ibm.com/legal/copytrade.shtml.

InterConnect2017

Thank You!

28

Phil Estes @estesp

Lin Sun @linsun_unc

Check out/enhance/contribute to our demo application:

https://github.com/estesp/flightassist https://github.com/estesp/flightassist-weather