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Contemporary Contemporary British Culture British Culture and Society and Society Chapter 7 HOLIDAYS & TOURISM Chapter 7 HOLIDAYS & TOURISM October, 2005 October, 2005 Xiao Huiyun Xiao Huiyun

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Contemporary British Culture and Society. Chapter 7 HOLIDAYS & TOURISM October, 2005 Xiao Huiyun. Abstract. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Contemporary British Culture and Society

Contemporary Contemporary British Culture British Culture

and Societyand SocietyChapter 7 HOLIDAYS & TOURISMChapter 7 HOLIDAYS & TOURISM

October, 2005October, 2005Xiao HuiyunXiao Huiyun

Page 2: Contemporary British Culture and Society

AbstractAbstract• In Chapter Seven we continue to look at the

variety of ways in which people in Britain today spend their leisure time. We especially look at excursions away from home for a short or longer break. But we first look at the transport infrastructure of Great Britain — a network of airports, railway lines, motorways and other roads, which, together, connect up the even remotest parts of the country and help to make travel in Britain “efficient, comfortable and affordable”. We then examine holidays taken within Britain. There are a variety of things to do: for example, the seaside, areas of natural beauty and historical sites for long holidays or weekend breaks or day trips.

Page 3: Contemporary British Culture and Society

AbstractAbstract• We also examine holidays made by British peo

ple abroad. We look at the travellers’ selection of destination and their expectations from holidays abroad. In the second part of the chapter, we shift our attention to the business of tourism and tourist organizations. We consider the impact of travel agents and other organisations on tourism. The chapter ends with a personal account of a university student on how she managed to make a trip through Europe.

Page 4: Contemporary British Culture and Society

Focal PointsFocal Points• All focal questions – handouts• Conditions for travel• excursions for a short or longer break• holidays taken within Britain – landscape &

heritage, national parks, National Trust, English heritage

• Holidays outside Britain• Organization of tourism industry• Why travel?

Page 5: Contemporary British Culture and Society

• The world is like a book; and those who have not traveled have read only the first page." - St. Augustine

Page 6: Contemporary British Culture and Society

A 1 IntroductionA 1 Introduction Conditions for travelConditions for travel

• British people who work full time have 4-5 weeks paid holiday

• Shorter working week• Good travel conditions• Means of transportation• Discounts for coach & rail travel

p118 SB

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A 2 Day Trips & Weekend A 2 Day Trips & Weekend BreaksBreaks

• The seaside• Black Pool• Bingo halls. Amusement arcades,

hotels, discos & restaurants, especially fish & chips

• Theme parks

Page 8: Contemporary British Culture and Society

A 2 Day Trips & Weekend A 2 Day Trips & Weekend breaksbreaks

• Roman Theme Park, Chester

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Chester CathedralChester Cathedral

Page 10: Contemporary British Culture and Society

A 2 Day trips & Weekend A 2 Day trips & Weekend BreaksBreaks

• Blackpool Tower • Blackpool Illumination

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BlackpoolBlackpool

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BlackpoolBlackpool

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A 2 Day Trips & Weekend A 2 Day Trips & Weekend Breaks Breaks

• Woodhall & Lincoln • George Hotel, High Street, Lincoln

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A 2 Day Trips & Weekend A 2 Day Trips & Weekend BreaksBreaks

• Woodhall Spa, 5th green

• Woodhall Spa, 3rd hole

Page 15: Contemporary British Culture and Society

A 2 Day Trips & Weekend A 2 Day Trips & Weekend BreaksBreaks

• The Golf Hotel • Lincoln Castle

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A 2 Day Trips & Weekend A 2 Day Trips & Weekend BreakBreak

• Lincoln Castle • Lincoln Cathedral

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A 3 Holidays at HomeA 3 Holidays at Home

• Where do the British like to go?• The seaside• Historical and cultural sites e.g.

Shakespeare’s birth place, castles, cathedrals, etc.

• The City of London – The square mile• Accommodation• Bed & Breakfast, camp sites, youth

hostels, hotels

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Victoria StationVictoria Station

Page 19: Contemporary British Culture and Society

The City of LondonThe City of London• St. James Park

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The City of LondonThe City of London• Greater London Authority Headquarters

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Hyde Park CornerHyde Park Corner

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City of LondonCity of London• Bank of England

Page 23: Contemporary British Culture and Society

The City of LondonThe City of London• The Bank of England

Page 24: Contemporary British Culture and Society

The City of LondonThe City of London• Piccadilly Circus

Page 25: Contemporary British Culture and Society

The City of LondonThe City of London• St. Paul’s Cathedral

Page 26: Contemporary British Culture and Society

The City of LondonThe City of London• Westminster Abby

Page 27: Contemporary British Culture and Society

The City of LondonThe City of London• Millenium Bridge

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The City of LondonThe City of London• Trafalgar Square,

London• Harrod’s London

Page 29: Contemporary British Culture and Society

ShakespeareShakespeare• Shakespeare’s

birth place (23 April 1564)

• The old grammar school he attended

Page 30: Contemporary British Culture and Society

ShakespeareShakespeare• Schoolroom in which

he studied• The curriculum was

mainly based on Latin, studying such authors as Virgil and Ovid. The curriculum would also have included some Greek, probably Homer.

• Today this building is part of the King Edward VI Grammar School

Page 31: Contemporary British Culture and Society

ShakespeareShakespeare• Here is the desk where S

hakespeare's teacher sat. This teacher passed on his own love of Ovid, Virgil and Homer to young William, and thereby laid the foundation for Shakespeare's great work

Page 32: Contemporary British Culture and Society

ShakespeareShakespeare• This is the spot where

he lies.• Shakespeare died in Str

atford on 23 April 1616, and now lies in Holy Trinity Church Stratford.

• "O, such another sleep, that I might seeBut such another man,..As this I dream'd of".

Page 33: Contemporary British Culture and Society

ROYAL LEAMINGTON SPAROYAL LEAMINGTON SPATOWN VIEWSTOWN VIEWS

• Coventry

Page 34: Contemporary British Culture and Society

• Warwick Castle

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BathBath• Roman baths in

Bath• Cathedral, Bath

Page 36: Contemporary British Culture and Society

• Dover Castle • Stonehenge

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A3 Holidays at HomeA3 Holidays at Home• Landscape & Heritage -- tourist attraction• Varied beauty of landscape in a compact

geographical area• Long history visible in well preserved

buildings(450,000) monuments and• National parks• The National Trust 1895 -- largest

landowners, functions & contributions• Biodiversity Action Plan -- for further

conservation of plants & wildlife

Page 38: Contemporary British Culture and Society

NATIONAL PARKSNATIONAL PARKS• British Definition of a National Park• “An extensive area of beautiful & relatively

wild country in which, for the nation’s benefit and by appropriate national decision and action (I.e. government policy) the characteristic landscape beauty is strictly preserved, access and facilities for public open-air enjoyment are amply provided, wildlife and buildings and places of architectural and historic interest are suitably protected, while established farming use is effectively maintained.”

• (National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949)

Page 39: Contemporary British Culture and Society

NATIONAL PARKS: International NATIONAL PARKS: International DefinitionDefinition

A relatively large area,(1) where one or several ecosystems are not materially altered by human use and settlement; (2) where plant and animal species, geomorphological sites and habitats are of special scientific, educational & recreactive interest or which contains a natural landscape of great beauty; (3) where the government of the country has taken steps to prevent or eliminate, as soon, as possible, use or settlement in the whole area and to enforce the respect of ecological, geomorphological aesthetic features, which have led to its establishment; (4) where visitors are allowed to enter under special conditions.”

(United Nations,1977)

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UK - Cotswolds UK - Cotswolds • From Stratford to Bath and Oxford • The Cotswolds stretch from Stratford upon Av

on in the north to Bath in the south. From Gloucester in the west to Oxford in the east, the rolling hills are full of story book English villages. And we have added Shakespeare at Stratford upon Avon, the dreaming spires and colleges at Oxford and the Georgian city of Bath.

Page 42: Contemporary British Culture and Society

UK - CotswoldsUK - Cotswolds• Anyone in search of the true

English Countryside need look no further than the Cotswolds, considered by many to be amongst the most beautiful areas in England. Two things above all give the Cotswolds their special warmth and richness; the soft natural limestone and the wealth of the wool trade in days gone by which has left a heritage of superb buildings.

Page 43: Contemporary British Culture and Society

THE COTSWOLDSTHE COTSWOLDS

• The cars parked along the street today don't do anythingto enhance the appearance of the town

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THE COTSWOLDSTHE COTSWOLDSHeart of EnglandHeart of England

• Upper Slaughter • Lower Slaughter

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The CotswoldsThe CotswoldsOxfordOxford

Page 46: Contemporary British Culture and Society

A 3 Holidays at HomeA 3 Holidays at Home• Village, Cotswolds, s

outh-west England

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A 3 Holidays at HomeA 3 Holidays at Home• Isle of Avalon • Village

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A 3 Holidays at HomeA 3 Holidays at Home

• North Yorkshire Dales, England

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A 3 Holidays at HomeA 3 Holidays at Home• Lake District

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Lake DistrictLake District• Crummock Water from

Rannerdale Knotts • Aira Force

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'Rydal - Rydal Hall Gardens‘ 'Rydal - Rydal Hall Gardens‘ Lake district Lake district

• Rydal Hall • The gardens

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DaffodilsDaffodils

Page 53: Contemporary British Culture and Society

The Lake DistrictThe Lake District• Daffodils William Wordsworth

I wandered lonely as a cloud That floats on high o'er vales and hills, When all at once I saw a crowd, A host, of golden daffodils; Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

• Continuous as the stars that shine And twinkle on the Milky Way, They stretched in never-ending line Along the margin of the bay: Ten thousand saw I at a glance, Tossing their heads in a sprightly dance

Page 54: Contemporary British Culture and Society

The Lake DistrictThe Lake District• The waves beside them danced, but they

Out-did the sparkling waves in glee: A poet could not but be gay, In such a jocund company: I gazed --- and gazed --- but little thought What wealth the show to me had brought:

• For oft, when on my couch I lie In vacant or in pensive mood, They flash upon that inward eye Which is the bliss of solitude; And then my heart with pleasure fills, And dances with the daffodils

Page 55: Contemporary British Culture and Society

黄 水 仙黄 水 仙• 我独自游荡,象朵孤云

   高高地飞越峡谷和山颠:   突然我望见密密的一群--    是一大片金黄色的水仙;   它们在那湖边的树荫里,   在阵阵微风中舞姿飘逸。   象银河的繁星连绵不断--    辉映着夜空,时暗时亮;   水仙就沿着湖湾的岸边    黄灿灿的一片伸向前方;   我一眼望去便看见万千--   一边欢舞一边把头频点。

Page 56: Contemporary British Culture and Society

黄 水 仙黄 水 仙• 水波在旁欢舞,但水仙

   比闪亮的水波舞得更欢;   有这样快活的朋友作伴,    诗人的心儿被快活充满!   我看了又看,却难领悟   这景象给了我什么财富:   因为,有时我心绪茫然    或冥思苦想地躺在榻上,   这水仙常在我眼前闪现,    让我把孤寂中的福安家--   这时我的心被欢乐充满,   并随着那水仙起舞翩翩。

Page 57: Contemporary British Culture and Society

William WordsworthWilliam Wordsworth1770 -- 18501770 -- 1850

• Cockermouth – Wordsworth House

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Wordsworth MemorialWordsworth Memorial• Opposite

Wordsworth House is this bronze bust of the poet, unveiled on 7 April 1970, the bicentenary of William's birth, by his great-great-grandson. As part of the same celebrations, 27000 daffodils were planted on open spaces and approaches to the town.

Page 59: Contemporary British Culture and Society

Hawkshead - Old Grammar SchoolHawkshead - Old Grammar School • The old grammar

school• The Old Grammar School in

Hawkshead was founded in 1585 by the Archbishop of York, Edwin Sandys. The ground floor classroom retains many old desks covered in carving done by the boys, including the poet William Wordsworth and his brother John. Upstairs in the headmaster's study and a classroom containing an exhibition relating to the history of the school, the founder and William Wordsworth

Page 60: Contemporary British Culture and Society

The Wordsworth MuseumThe Wordsworth MuseumGrasmere - Dove CottageGrasmere - Dove Cottage

• Here Wordsworth wrote much of his poetry, and his sister Dorothy kept her famous journals

• In 1802 after her marriage to William, Mary Hutchinson arrived. Their three oldest children were born at Dove Cottage - John in 1803, Dora in 1804 and Thomas in 1806.

• The Wordsworths had many visitors to Dove Cottage - Walter Scott, Thomas De Quincey, Charles and Mary Lamb, Robert Southey and most of all Samuel Taylor Coleridge

Page 61: Contemporary British Culture and Society

William WordsworthWilliam Wordsworth• Rydal Mount, in the heart

of the Lake District , commands glorious views of Lake Windermere, Rydal Water and the surrounding fells.

• It was the home of William Wordsworth from 1813 to 1850. The house, which now belongs to the descendants of the poet, retains a lived in family atmosphere, and has changed little since Wordsworth and his family came to live here. They rented the house from Lady le Fleming, of nearby Rydal Hall.

Page 62: Contemporary British Culture and Society

William WordsworthWilliam Wordsworth• Wordsworth was a keen

landscape gardener, and the four acre garden remains much as he designed it.

• It consists of rare shrubs, fell-side terraces, lawns, rock pools and an ancient mound. The mound dates from the 9th Century, when it was used as a site for a Beacon Fire to warn of coming Border Raiders. In season the daffodils, bluebells and rhododendrons produce a spectacular display of colour. From the summerhouse is a stunning view over Rydal Water.

Page 63: Contemporary British Culture and Society

William WordsworthWilliam Wordsworth• The Old Kitchen • The Wordsworths at Ho

me – family Drama in the garden

Page 64: Contemporary British Culture and Society

William WordsworthWilliam WordsworthRydal - Dora's FieldRydal - Dora's Field

• After his daughter Dora died in 1847, William went down to a small field between the house and the main road, and together with his wife, sister and gardener, planted hundreds of daffodils as a memorial to Dora. Dora's Field now belongs to the National Trust.

Page 65: Contemporary British Culture and Society

William WordsworthWilliam WordsworthRydal - Dora's FieldRydal - Dora's Field

• Daffodils

Page 66: Contemporary British Culture and Society

St Oswald's Church St Oswald's Church • Here he lies with

his beloved• William Wordsworth

planted eight of the yew trees in the churchyard, and one of them marks the grave of him and his wife Mary. Nearby are buried his sister Dorothy, his children Dora, William, Thomas and Catherine, Mary's sister Sara Hutchinson, and other members of the family. There is also the grave of Hartley Coleridge, eldest son of Samuel Taylor Coleridge.

Page 67: Contemporary British Culture and Society

William WordsworthWilliam Wordsworth• Tombstones for the

Wordsworths• St Oswald's Church

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A 3 Holidays at HomeA 3 Holidays at Home• Belfast, N. Ireland

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Wales Wales

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National Parks, WalesNational Parks, Wales

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A 3 Holidays at HomeA 3 Holidays at Home• Palace of Holyrood, Edinburgh

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A 3 Holidays at HomeA 3 Holidays at Home• Prince Street Garden, Edinburgh

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National Park National Park ScotlandScotland

Page 74: Contemporary British Culture and Society

The Scottish HighlandsThe Scottish Highlands

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Scottish HighlandsScottish Highlands

Page 76: Contemporary British Culture and Society

Scottish HighlandsScottish Highlands• Bluebells of

Scotland• Scottish Thistles• Flower of Scotland

Page 77: Contemporary British Culture and Society

Heritage of ScotlandHeritage of Scotland• Robert Burns was Scotlan

d's greatest poet and many would say that he was the world's greatest ever poet.

• Burns was born at Alloway, Ayrshire, Scotland on 25 January 1759 and died in Dumfries on 21 July 1796. In less than 37 years of life he accomplished more than most people do in a normal lifetime

• Some of his work, such as Auld Lang Syne is among the most familiar and best-loved songs and poems in the English language

Page 78: Contemporary British Culture and Society

ScotlandScotlandMy Love is like a Red, Red Rose My Love is like a Red, Red Rose BurnsBurns

• 0, my love is like a red, red rose,that's newly sprung in June.0, my love is like a melody,that's sweetly play'd in tune.

• As fair thou art, my bonnie lass,so deep in love am I,And I will love thee still, my dear,till a' the seas gang dry.

• Till a' the seas gang dry, my dear,and the rocks melt wi' the sun!And I will love thee still, my dear,while the sands of life shall run.

• And fare thee well, my only love!And fare thee well awhile!And I will come again, my love.Tho it were ten thousand mile!

Page 79: Contemporary British Culture and Society

一朵红红的玫瑰一朵红红的玫瑰 罗伯特罗伯特 ·· 彭斯彭斯

• 啊,我的爱人象红红的玫瑰,在六月里苞放;啊,我的爱人象一支乐曲,乐声美妙、悠扬。

•你那么美,漂亮的姑娘;我爱你那么深切;我会永远爱你,亲爱的,一直到四海涸竭 .

• 直到四海涸竭,亲爱的,直到太阳把岩石消融!我会永远爱你,亲爱的,只要生命无穷。

再见吧,我唯一的爱人,再见吧,小别片刻;我会回来的,我的爱人,即使万里相隔 !

Page 80: Contemporary British Culture and Society

ScotlandScotland• BURNS NIGHT • It is celebrated on January, 25th, the birt

hday of Robert Burns • In the evening people eat typical Scottis

h food, such as “Haggis” (a special kind of sausage in a sheep’s stomach) and drink whisky while bagpipes music is played and some of Burn’s poems are read aloud.

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Robert BurnsRobert Burns• Burns Cottage • Burns Monument

Page 82: Contemporary British Culture and Society

ScotlandScotland• Tossing the Cabar, Hi

ghland Games, May -- Sept.

• Scottish Castle

Page 83: Contemporary British Culture and Society

Tossing the CabarTossing the Cabar

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A 4 Holidays AbroadA 4 Holidays Abroad• Popular places abroad• Culture -- Vienna, Venice, Florence

Athens• Scenic beauty and Adventure

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Key Causes of Tourism Growth in UKKey Causes of Tourism Growth in UK

• Develop of transport (in travelling time makes places nearer). Railways, roads and motorways and air transport.

• More time off work.• Paid holidays.• Higher disposable income.• Wider horizons.• More old OAP’S.• Package Deals.

Page 86: Contemporary British Culture and Society

VisitBritain: Marketing English VisitBritain: Marketing English Tourism Tourism

• On 1 April 2003 the English Tourism Council is merging with the British Tourist Authority to form VisitBritain, the new organisation that will market England within Britain and Britain to the rest of the world. The creation of VisitBritain follows a review by the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport, resulting in the decision to combine the resources and strengths of ETC and BTA

Page 87: Contemporary British Culture and Society

Kirkby Stephen , Lake DistrictKirkby Stephen , Lake District• Ravenstonedale, Kirk

by Stephen • 19th Century barn

conversion for 4/6

Page 88: Contemporary British Culture and Society

19th Century barn 19th Century barn conversion conversion

• Situated one mile from the delightful small village of Ravenstonedale, this spacious barn conversion provides excellent accommodation all y

ear round

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The CotswoldsThe Cotswolds• Cottage

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The CotswoldsThe Cotswolds• Cottage

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A 5 Organization of the A 5 Organization of the Tourism IndustryTourism Industry

• Package holidays : transport , accommodation, transfer

• Self-planned holidays• Travel agent – agents for clients &

companies they make booking with• The Association of British Travel Agents

(ABTA)• Travel Agency of National Union of

Students• see p124 for more information

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A 6 ConclusionA 6 Conclusion• Nowadays, in some Western developed countrie

s, it’s becoming more and more difficult in everyday life to achieve, let alone maintain, a balance over a long period of time. On the one hand, people are inundated with stimuli in the form of rush, noise and stress. On the other hand, many things are monotonous, unstimulating and one-sided: housing, the environment, the journey to work, work itself, even everyday leisure.

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A6 ConclusionA6 Conclusion• Other key words are uneventfulness, sedentariness,

lack of contact and mobility. In this case, it is not an exaggeration to say that everyday life is the sum of negative aspects of existence. Dirt — noise — work— rush — school — trouble — pollution. All this is part of everyday life. Thus, the possibility of leaving, going on a trip, is obviously something very important. To a certain extent, everyday life is bearable in the long run only if there is a chance to get away; otherwise people lose their balance and fall ill. Free time, and above all, travel are there to add some colour to this bare landscape. They are the vehicle for man’s restoration — his re-creation; they heal body and soul and bring vitality and new meaning to life.

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A 6 ConclusionA 6 Conclusion• Travel is recuperation and regeneration. —

Travel restores bodily and mental strength used up in everyday life, at work, school and in the family. It is a recharging of batteries.

• Travel is compensation and social integration. — Travel compensates us for what we miss in everyday life. What people want is to find a compensation for the one-sided demands of their working life: they want to do and experience something that is different from the everyday routine, they seek diversion from the daily monotony, they long for fun and amusement.

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A 6 ConclusionA 6 Conclusion• Travel is escape. —The theory sees the modern

industrial world as a prison from which its inmates want to break out. Working life being in fact ugly, the environment mostly unpleasant, monotonous and polluted, a compulsive and irrepressible urge to get out of it all emerges.

• Travel is communication. — Establishing contact with people, in contrast to the anonymity and alienation of everyday life, is an important aim of holiday-makers. They want to spend more time with their family and close friends as well as make new friends and acquaintances. All this is much easier during the holidays, since the atmosphere is more casual than at home.

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• Travel broadens the mind. — “Broaden one’s horizons, do something for one’s culture and education”, “Experience other countries, see the world, meet local people”, or “Experience something entirely different, see new thing”.

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• Travel is freedom and self-determination. — Freedom is, in the final analysis, the ability to make one’s own decisions about a course of action. Travel liberates people from obligations. They can break loose from the ‘must’, from the order and regulation which oppress us in everyday life. They can finally do what they want and what they think is right. They can also do nothing. They are free, unrestrained, their own masters.

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• Travel is self-realization. — Holidays, says this theory, provide an opportunity to confront the self, to test one’s soul, to come to terms with oneself, to measure oneself against others and discover one’s own abilities.

• Travel is happiness. — In a recent study for tourism, human happiness is described as a harmonious state, trouble and tension-free, combined with a certain degree of self-realization. The probability of experiencing this state of happiness is supposed to be much greater during holidays than in everyday life.