Content Objectives:Content Objectives:

Explain the outcomes of Explain the outcomes of the Paris Peace the Paris Peace

Conference and the Conference and the Treaty of Versailles.Treaty of Versailles.

““Fourteen Points” Fourteen Points”

1. According to Wilson, why did the U.S. 1. According to Wilson, why did the U.S. enter the war? enter the war? 2. According to Wilson, what will be the 2. According to Wilson, what will be the role of the U.S. after the war? role of the U.S. after the war?

11 a.m., November 11, 1918

The Great War is Over...

World War I Casualties

Name 6 problems a country that loses 9 million people in 3 years will face?

Fight ClubFight Club► Imagine a fight between your group of friends and a Imagine a fight between your group of friends and a

group of your enemies. It gets totally out of hand. group of your enemies. It gets totally out of hand. People die on both sides. Your best friend is killed People die on both sides. Your best friend is killed in front of you. Your side wins, but it could have in front of you. Your side wins, but it could have easily gone the other way.easily gone the other way.

► The enemy, including the guy who killed your The enemy, including the guy who killed your friend, is completely in your power. You can do friend, is completely in your power. You can do anything to them and the police are staying out of it anything to them and the police are staying out of it as long as no one else dies or is physically injured. as long as no one else dies or is physically injured.

► Your enemies are not rich, but they have some Your enemies are not rich, but they have some money and things like good cars and jewelry, bank money and things like good cars and jewelry, bank accounts and vacation homes, etc.accounts and vacation homes, etc.

► What do you do?What do you do?

Key TermsKey Terms► A A TreatyTreaty is a written agreement between countries in which is a written agreement between countries in which

they agree to do or not do particular thingsthey agree to do or not do particular things► ReparationsReparations are amounts of money paid by one country to are amounts of money paid by one country to

another for damages caused during the war.another for damages caused during the war.► DisarmamentDisarmament is reducing the number of weapons and soldiers is reducing the number of weapons and soldiers

that a country has.that a country has.

Make Peace!Make Peace!► In your group- Consider your country. In your group- Consider your country.

You need to make the best possible You need to make the best possible deal for your country at these deal for your country at these negotiations.negotiations.

►Now discuss the Peace Treaty Handout Now discuss the Peace Treaty Handout and fill it out as you think is best for and fill it out as you think is best for your country and the world.your country and the world.

Paris Peace Conference, 1919Paris Peace Conference, 1919Prime

Minister Lloyd

George of England

Prime Minister Vittorio

Orlando of Italy

President Georges

Clemenceau of France

President Woodrow

Wilson of the USA

The Big Four

What Kind of a Peace Was It?What Kind of a Peace Was It?►A Peace of JusticeA Peace of Justice

President Wilson’s 14 Points President Wilson’s 14 Points supported self supported self determination and called for determination and called for a Peace Without Victory.a Peace Without Victory.

Over Wilson's protests, they ignored the Fourteen Points one by one. Germany was to admit guilt for the war and pay unlimited reparations.

What Kind of a Peace Was It?What Kind of a Peace Was It?►Peace of VengeancePeace of Vengeance

Italy and Britain wanted more Italy and Britain wanted more territoryterritory

France wanted to punish France wanted to punish Germany.Germany.

The Peace Treaty of The Peace Treaty of Versailles- The Allies (except Versailles- The Allies (except

the US) the US) and Germanyand Germany

(signed June 28, 1919) (signed June 28, 1919) ► loses all her colonies.loses all her colonies.► loses the Saar Valley where all her best mines are for 15 years.loses the Saar Valley where all her best mines are for 15 years.► loses the Alsace and Lorraine regions to France.loses the Alsace and Lorraine regions to France.► citizens lose their property abroad.citizens lose their property abroad.► must disband all its armed forces. No army, navy or air force must disband all its armed forces. No army, navy or air force

and no merchant marine.and no merchant marine.► is charged $32 billion in war reparations which they must pay to is charged $32 billion in war reparations which they must pay to

the Allies.the Allies.► is blamed for the WHOLE war. They sign a Guilt Clause that is blamed for the WHOLE war. They sign a Guilt Clause that

claims they were responsible for all the deaths and losses and claims they were responsible for all the deaths and losses and pain and suffering of the war.pain and suffering of the war.

Germany…

Treaty of Versailles: Treaty of Versailles: The War Guilt ClauseThe War Guilt Clause

► ARTICLE 231. ARTICLE 231. ► The Allied and Associated Governments The Allied and Associated Governments

affirm and Germany accepts the affirm and Germany accepts the responsibility of Germany and her allies for responsibility of Germany and her allies for causing all the loss and damage to which causing all the loss and damage to which the Allied and Associated Governments and the Allied and Associated Governments and their nationals have been subjected as a their nationals have been subjected as a consequence of the war imposed upon them consequence of the war imposed upon them by the aggression of Germany and her by the aggression of Germany and her allies. allies.

Have you ever been blamed Have you ever been blamed for something you didn’t do? for something you didn’t do?

What happened? How did What happened? How did you feel?you feel?

more Treaties…more Treaties…

League of Nations Protocol- League of Nations Protocol- Established the League of Established the League of NationsNations

(1920) (1920)

Washington Treaty in Relation Washington Treaty in Relation to the Use of Submarines to the Use of Submarines and Noxious Gases in and Noxious Gases in Warfare Warfare

(February 6, 1922) (February 6, 1922)

Geneva Protocol Geneva Protocol for the Prohibition of Poisonous for the Prohibition of Poisonous Gases Gases and Bacteriological Methods of and Bacteriological Methods of Warfare Warfare (June 17, 1925) (June 17, 1925)

Treaty Providing for the Treaty Providing for the Renunciation of War as an Renunciation of War as an Instrument of National Policy - Instrument of National Policy - Signed by nearly every country in Signed by nearly every country in the war.the war.(Kellogg-Briand Pact) (Kellogg-Briand Pact) (August 27, 1928) (August 27, 1928)