SAMPLE C

ONTENT

veJeceer keÀ#ee Deevevo: meb³egkeÌle-mebmke=Àleced

Written as per the latest syllabus prescribed by the Maharashtra State Bureau of Textbook Production and Curriculum Research, Pune.

• Based on the new syllabus and updated Krutipatrika pattern.

• Includes several ke=Àefles to enhance comprehension and application of concepts.

• Consists of line to line translation.

• Motivates students to understand concepts through the Yee<eeY³eeme section.

• Ample material to help students develop writing skills.

• Inspires students for self study.

Special Features

Printed at: Print Vision, Navi Mumbai

© Target Publications Pvt. Ltd. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, C.D. ROM/Audio Video Cassettes or electronic, mechanical

including photocopying; recording or by any information storage and retrieval system without permission in writing from the Publisher.

P.O. No. 171074 Balbharati Registration No.: 2018MH0022 TEID: 13544

SAMPLE C

ONTENTPREFACE

Target’s Std IX Deevevo: meb³egkeÌle-mebmke=Àleced is a book created on the basis of the new syllabus and updated Krutipatrika pattern as prescribed by the Maharashtra State Bureau of Textbook Production and Curriculum Research. This book simplifies the Sanskrit course content for students making it not just interesting but also functional in purpose.

Target’s Std IX Deevevo: meb³egkeÌle-mebmke=Àleced has been deftly created with the intention of not only enhancing the students’ language learning abilities such as listening, speaking, reading and writing but also in sharpening their cognitive and creative skills. At the beginning of every chapter in the book we have provided an introduction to the author. We hope this would pique the student’s interest and prompt them to read more as required for the ieÐe and HeÐe sections.

Each lesson in the book is divided into small paragraphs. A glossary of words in English- MeyoeLee&:, line-wise meaning of the lesson- mejueeLee&:, meefvOe: and GHeHeo efJeYeeqkeÌle usage have been included for better understanding and dispelling ambiguity amongst students. The HeeþeOeeefjle: section covers chapter based questions and evaluates the student’s holistic understanding of the lesson. The book also covers Òel³e³es of various word types that have been segregated and highlighted for better understanding. We have also included Yee<eeY³eeme: and uesKevekeÀewMeueced based on the chapter in appropriate sections of the lesson. Answers to the activities in the mecYee<eeHe$eeefCe and efpe%eemeeHe$eeefCe titles of the jc³emebmke=Àleced and Yee<eemet$eced sections have also been given. In the making of this book, we have also aimed at dispelling the general belief that Sanskrit is a challenging language to master by incorporating easy to remember short cuts and ending highlights.

The `Yee<eeY³eeme:' section has been specifically provided for core concept strengthening. The book also covers the concepts of sentence construction required for `uesKevekeÀewMeueced'.

We hope that students and teachers find this book resourceful and enjoy using it just as much as we enjoyed creating it. The journey to create a complete book is strewn with triumphs, failures and near misses. If you think we’ve nearly missed something or want to applaud us for our triumphs, we’d love to hear from you. Please write to us at: mail@targetpublications.org

Best of luck to all the aspirants! From, Publisher Edition: Second

Disclaimer

This reference book is transformative work based on ‘Deevevo: meb³egkeÌle-mebmke=Àleced; First Edition: 2018’ published by the Maharashtra State Bureau of Textbook Production and Curriculum Research, Pune. We the publishers are making this reference book which constitutes as fair use of textual contents which are transformed by adding and elaborating, with a view to simplify the same to enable the students to understand, memorize and reproduce the same in examinations.

This work is purely inspired upon the course work as prescribed by the Maharashtra State Bureau of Textbook Production and Curriculum Research, Pune. Every care has been taken in the publication of this reference book by the Authors while creating the contents. The Authors and the Publishers shall not be responsible for any loss or damages caused to any person on account of errors or omissions which might have crept in or disagreement of any third party on the point of view expressed in the reference book.

© reserved with the Publisher for all the contents created by our Authors.

No copyright is claimed in the textual contents which are presented as part of fair dealing with a view to provide best supplementary study material for the benefit of students.

SAMPLE C

ONTENT

PER veJeceer keÀ#ee - ke=ÀefleHeef$ekeÀe³ee: ÒeeªHeced DeJeefOe: nesjeܳeced iegCee*dkeÀe: (50) ÒeLece: efJeYeeie:- megiecemebmke=Àleced~ (8) 1. De. ef®e$eb ¢<ìdJee veeceeefve efueKele~ (ef®e$eHeokeÀes<ele: 5 ef®e$eeefCe) (5 le: 4) 4 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) Dee. me*dK³eeuesKeveb kegÀ©le~ (3 le: 2) (ÒeLeceme$eced - 1 le: 50,efÜleer³eme$eced - 51 le: 100) 2

F. mece³euesKeveb kegÀ©le~ (3 le: 2) 2

efÜleer³e: efJeYeeie:- ieÐeced~ (17) 2. De. ieÐeebMe: 1 - ieÐeebMeb HeefþlJee ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ (ÒeLeceme$eced - 1, 3, 5, 6) 6

Dee. ieÐeebMe: 2 - ieÐeebMeb HeefþlJee ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ (efÜleer³eme$eced - 8, 9, 11) 6 (5070 Meyoefceleew ieÐeebMeew DeHesef#eleew~)

ke=Àle³e: 1) SkeÀJeeke̳esve GÊejle~ (2 le: 1) (1) 2) mel³eced Demel³eb Jee/keÀ: kebÀ Jeoefle/Gef®eleb keÀejCeb ef®elJee Jeeke̳eb Hegveefue&Kele~ (1) 3) Heeþm³e veece efkeÀced? (1) 4) met®eveevegmeejb ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ (4 le: 3) (3) (keÀ) Meyom³e JeCe&efJeûenb kegÀ©le~

(Ke) efJeMes<eCe efJeMes<³e mecyevOe:~ (mlecYecesueveb kegÀ©le/ieÐeebMele: ef®evegle/®elegLe¥ Heob efueKele~) (ie) lJeevle/u³eyevle/legcevle/efJeYekeÌl³evleªHeeefCe~ (kesÀJeueced SkebÀ ªHeced) (Ie) meeqvOeb/meeqvOeefJeûenb kegÀ©le~ (HetJe&Heob/GÊejHeob/®elegLe&Heob efueKele~)

F. ieÐeebMe: 3 - ieÐeebMeb HeefþlJee ceeO³eceYee<e³ee mejueeLe¥ efueKele~ (ÒeLeceme$eced - 5 efÜleer³eme$eced - 9) 3

F&. ceeO³eceYee<e³ee GÊejb efueKele~ (2 le: 1) (ÒemleeJevee DeHesef#elee) 2 (ÒeLeceme$eced - 1, 3, 5, 6) (efÜleer³eme$eced - 8, 9, 11)

le=leer³e: efJeYeeie:- HeÐeced~ (12) 3. De. HeÐeebMebb HeefþlJee ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ (ÒeLeceme$eced - 2, 4) (efÜleer³eme$eced - 7, 10) 3 ÍueeskeÀe: ÒeäJ³ee:~ 4 (1) SkeÀJeeke̳esve GÊejle~ (2 le: 1) (1) (2) met®eveevegmeejb ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~ (2 le: 1) (1) (keÀ) efJeMes<eCe - efJeMes<³e - mecyevOe:~ (Ke) lJeevle/u³eyevle/legcevle/efJeYekeÌl³evleb Heob ef®evegle~ (ie) uekeÀejb ef®evegle~ (Ie) peeuejsKeeef®e$eb Hetj³ele~

Dee. HeÐeebMeb HeefþlJee ceeO³eceYee<e³ee mejueeLe¥ efueKele~ (2 le: 1) (ÒeLeceme$eced - 2, 4 efÜleer³eme$eced - 7, 10) 2

F. ÍueeskeÀew Meg×ew HetCeez ®e efueKele~ (3 le: 2) (ÒeLeceme$eced - 2, 4 efÜleer³eme$eced - 7, 10) 4

F&. ceeO³eceYee<e³ee GÊejb efueKele~ (2 le: 1) (ÒeLeceme$eced - 2, 4 efÜleer³eme$eced - 7, 10) (ÒemleeJevee DeHesef#elee~) 2

SAMPLE C

ONTENT ®elegLe&: efJeYeeie:- Yee<eeY³eeme:~ (8)

4. De. He=LekeÌkegÀ©le~ (8 le: 6) (veece, meJe&veece, ef¬eÀ³eeHeoced, efJeMes<eCeced, DeJ³e³eced) 3 Dee. meceemee:~ (6 le: 4) 2 ÒeLeceme$eced-He=LekedÀ kegÀ©le~ (FlejsleÜvÜ:, meceenejÜvÜ:- 4 mecemleHeoeefve, 4 meceemeefJeûene:~) efÜleer³eme$eced- mlecYecesueveb kegÀ©le~ (mlecYe: De-4 mecemleHeoeefve, 4 efJeûene:~ mlecYe: ye-8 meceemeveeceeefve~) F. ³eesi³eefJeMes<eCeb ef®elJee Jeeke̳eb Hegveefue&Kele~ (4 le: 2) 2

(ÒeLeceme$eced- efJeMes<eCe efJeMes<³e mecyevOe: efÜleer³eme$eced-OeelegmeeefOeleefJeMes<eCe efJeMes<³e mecyevOe:) F&. Òe³eesie:~ (2 le: 1) 1 ÒeLeceme$eced-Òe³eesieced Devegme=l³e ³eesi³eb ªHeb ef®evegle efueKele ®e~ efÜleer³eme$eced- Òe³eesieHeefj®e³eb kegÀ©le~

Heáece: efJeYeeie:- uesKevekeÀewMeueced~ (5) 5. De. DeJ³e³eeveeb/Oeeletveeced GHe³eesieb ke=ÀlJee Jeeke̳es efueKele~ (4 le: 2) (GHeHeoefJeYeefkeÌle:) 2 Dee. me*dK³eeefJeMes<eCeeveeced GHe³eesieb ke=ÀlJee Jeeke̳eܳeb efueKele~ (3 le: 2) (kesÀJeueb 1 le: 10 me*dK³ee:) 3 (1 le: 4 me*dK³eemeg SkeÀe me*dK³ee DeHesef#elee~) (ÒeLeceme$eced- ÒeLeceeefJeYeefkeÌle:, efÜleer³eme$eced- ÒeLeceeb efJene³e)

veJeceer keÀ#ee-meb³egkeÌle-mebmke=Àleced cetu³eceeHeveced~

uesKeveHejer#ee-ÒeLeceb me$eced (50 iegCee*dkeÀe:) efÜleer³eb me$eced (50 iegCee*dkeÀe:)

Debleie&le-cetu³eceeveHeveced (25 iegCee*dkeÀe:) 1) ÒeLecee/efÜleer³ee IeìkeÀHejer#ee (10 iegCee*dkeÀe:) 2) #eceleeceeHeveced (5 iegCee*dkeÀe:) ÞeJeCeced 1 iegCee*dkeÀ:~ (ÞegleuesKeveced 2 Meyoew) Jee®eveced 2 iegCee*dkeÀew~ (JeCeex®®eeje: med/<ed, ved/Ced Yesoe: êäJ³ee:) Heþveced (mcejCeced) 2 iegCee*dkeÀew~ ÒeeLe&vee, ÍueeskeÀHeþveced, leeefuekeÀeHeþveced (veece, meJe&veece,

ef¬eÀ³eeHeoced) HeáeoMeJeeke̳eeefve, me*dK³ee: Ieìer ®e~ 3) GHe¬eÀce: (5 iegCee*dkeÀe:~) 4) GHe³eesefpele-uesKeveced-uesKeveHegeqmlekeÀe (5 iegCee*dkeÀe:~)

SAMPLE C

ONTENT

¬eÀ. Heeþ-veeceeefve He=<þ-¬eÀ.

ÒeeLe&vee 1 megiecemebmke=Àleced~

1. me*dK³ee:~ 3 2. ef®e$eHeokeÀes<e:~ 5 3. mece³e:~ 8 4. Hegve:mceejCeced~ 11

ieÐe-HeÐe efJeYeeie:~ 1. meg<þg ie=nerle: ®eewj:~ ieÐeced 12 2. DeJ³e³eceeuee~ HeÐeced 20 3. efkebÀ efceL³ee? efkebÀ JeemleJeced? mebJeeo: 27 4. efJeO³eLe&ceeuee~ HeÐeced 39 5. JeerjJeefvelee efJeMHeuee~ ieÐeced 46 6. efHevedkeÀes[d-ÒeJele&keÀ: ceneved mebmke=Àle%e:! ieÐeced 61 7. metefkeÌlemegOee~ HeÐeced 74 8. ceveme: mJe®ílee~ ieÐeced 83 9. DecejkeÀes<e:~ mebJeeo: 94 10. keÀeJ³eMeem$eefJeveeso:~ HeÐeced 107 11. ceveesjep³em³e HeÀueced~ ieÐeced 116

mecYee<eeHe$eeefCe efpe%eemeeHe$eeefCe ®e~ 1. jc³emebmke=Àleced - mecYee<eeHe$eeefCe~ 126 2. Yee<eemet$eced-efpe%eemeeHe$eeefCe~ 131

Yee<eeY³eeme:~ 1. veece-meJe&veece-Oeeleg-OeelegmeeefOeleefJeMes<eCeleeefuekeÀe:~ 135 2. Òe³eesie-Heefj®e³e:~ 140 3. HetJe&keÀeueJee®ekeÀ-OeelegmeeefOele-DeJ³e³eeefve~ 147 4. meceeme:~ 150 5. meefvOe:~ 156

uesKevekeÀewMeueced~ 1. Jeeke̳ej®evee-GHeHeo-efJeYeefkeÌle:~ 163 2. me*dK³eeefJeMes<eCeeefve~ 168

SAMPLE C

ONTENT

12

12

The evergreen stories of the wise and witty Birbal are not just entertaining, they are also didactic. This

means they teach us some lesson or value. In this story, we see how Birbal used his cleverness to help his friend catch the thief. Birbal knew it is human tendency to hide one’s mistake or wrongdoing. He believed that a person who has erred would not be at ease till he would have found some way to cover it. Birbal gave Devdutta's six servants a stick each and said that only the thief's stick would become longer the next day. The real thief cut his stick so that he would not be caught. Birbal cleverly identified the thief as the one whose stick was shorter than the rest.

met%e efyejyeuee®³ee meoeyenej iees<ìer kesÀJeU ceveesjbpekeÀ vemetve l³ee yeesOeHejosKeerue Demeleele. ³ee keÀLesletve efyejyeuee®³ee ®eeleg³ee&®eer keÀuHevee lej ³esles®e lemes®e l³ee®es ceveg<³e mJeYeeJee®es Demeuesues %eeve Òeefleefyebefyele nesles. DeHejeOeer ceeCemeeuee kesÀuesu³ee DeHejeOee®eer peeCeerJe ìes®ele Demeles DeeefCe DeeHeCe HekeÀ[ues peeT ³ee®eer YeerleerosKeerue Demeles. iegvne keÀjCeejer J³ekeÌleer leesHe³e¥le Meeble vemeles peesHe³e¥le leer DeeHeuee iegvne ueHeJeC³ee®eer ³egkeÌleer keÀe{le veener. ceeCemee®eer ner ceveesJe=lleer DeesUKetve efyejyeue ®elegjeF&ves ®eesj HekeÀ[tve oslees. efyejyeueeves osJeollee®³ee Òel³eskeÀ veeskeÀjeuee SkeÀ keÀeþer osTve, ®eesje®eer keÀeþer yeesìYej ueebye nesF&ue Demes meebefieleu³eecegUs KeN³ee ®eesjeves DeeHeueer ®eesjer ueHeJeC³ee®ee Òe³elve kesÀuee. l³eeves DeeHeueer keÀeþer yeesìeFlekeÀer keÀeHeueer. ®elegj efyejyeuee®³ee ³ee ³egkeÌleerves ®eesj HekeÀ[uee iesuee.

(HeeþîeHegmlekeÀ-He=<þ¬eÀcee¹: 5) osJeoÊe: veece keÀ: + DeefHe OeefvekeÀ: Deemeerled~ There was a certain rich man named Devadatta. osJeolle veeJee®ee keÀesCeer SkeÀ Þeerceble ceeCetme neslee. SkeÀoe lem³e Oevem³etle: uegHle:~ Once his money bag was lost. SkeÀoe l³ee®eer HewMeeb®eer efHeMeJeer (Lewueer) njJeueer. lem³e ie=ns <e[d Ye=l³ee: Deemeved~ There were six servants in his house. l³eeb®³ee Iejer mene mesJekeÀ nesles. les<eg SJe SkeÀ: ®eewj: m³eeled, Fefle lem³e celeced~ He thought that one of them must be a thief. l³eeb®³eeHewkeÀer®e keÀesCeer SkeÀ ®eesj Demesue, Demes l³ee®es cele nesles. ®eewjb ûenerlegb me: Jeerjyeueb meene³³eced De³ee®ele ~ He asked Birbal for help to catch the thief. ®eesjeuee HekeÀ[C³eemeeþer l³eeves efyejyeueekeÀ[s ceole ceeefieleueer. Jeerjyeue: DeJeoled, ’efce$e ! DeÐe mee³e*dkeÀeues leJe meJee&ved Ye=l³eeved cece ie=nb Òes<e³e“ Fefle~ Birbal said, “ Friend, send all your servants to my house today in the evening”. efyejyeue cnCeeuee, ’efce$ee, Deepe mebO³eekeÀeUer legP³ee meJe& mesJekeÀebvee ceeP³ee Iejer HeeþJe.“

ieÐeebMe: 1

ieÐeebMee:, mejueeLee&:, MeyoeLee&:, ke=Àle³e½e~

[osJeoÊe: veece ............................................................................................ oerIee& YeefJe<³eefle~“]

ÒemleeJevee

meg<þg ie=nerle: ®eewj:~ (The thief was well-caught.)

1

ieÐe-HeÐe-efJeYeeie:~

(Gllecejerl³ee HekeÀ[uesuee ®eesj.)

SAMPLE C

ONTENT

13

1: meg<þg ie=nerle: ®eewj:~

³eLeeefveef½eleb meJex mesJekeÀe: Jeerjyeuem³e ie=nced Deeielee: ~ As decided, all the servants came to Birbal’s house. þju³eeHe´ceeCes meieUs mesJekeÀ efyejyeuee®³ee Iejer Deeues. Jeerjyeuesve HetJe&ced + SJe meJex<eeb ke=Àles meceeveesVele³e: ³eef<ìkeÀe: Deeveerlee:~ Birbal had brought sticks of the same length for all of them in advance. efyejyeueeves Deieesoj®e meieUîeebmeeþer meceeve Gb®eer®³ee keÀeþîee DeeCeu³ee nesl³ee. me: mesJekeÀeved DeJeoled, ’Yees: HeM³evleg, Slee: cee³ee³eef<ìkeÀe:~ He said to the servants, “O see, these sticks are magical. lees mesJekeÀebvee cnCeeuee, ’ns yeIee, ³ee peeogF& keÀeþîee Deensle. leemeg SkeÀeb ³eef<ìkeÀeb mJeerke=Àl³e meJez: osJeoÊem³e ie=nb ievleJ³eb , ée: ÒeYeeles Hegve: + DeeievleJ³eced~ Taking one stick among those, you all should go to Devadatta’s house and come again tomorrow morning. l³eeleerue SkeÀ keÀeþer IesTve meJee¥veer osJeollee®³ee Iejer peeJes, Goîee mekeÀeUer Hejle ³eeJes. ³esve kesÀve + DeefHe Oevem³etle: ®eesefjle: m³eeled lem³e ³eef<ìkeÀe De*diegefuecee$eb oerIee& YeefJe<³eefle~“ The stick of the one who has stolen the money-bag, will become longer by the length of a finger”. p³ee keÀesCeekeÀ[tve efHeMeJeer ®eesjueer iesueer Demesue l³ee®eer keÀeþer yeesìYej ueebye nesF&ue.“ De*diegefuecee$eced by a finger (yeesìeves) DeÐe today (Deepe) De³ee®ele sought/ asked (ceeefieleues) Deeieleeë came (Deeues) Deeveerleeë brought (DeeCeues) ievleJ³eced should go (peeJes) ie´nerlegced to catch (HekeÀ[C³eemeeþer) oerIee& long (ceesþs) Oevem³etleë money bag (Oevee®eer Lewueer) OeefvekeÀ: rich man (Þeerceble) He´s<e³e send (HeeþJe) Ye=l³eeë servants (veeskeÀj) cee³ee³eefäkeÀeë magical sticks (peeot®³ee keÀeþîee) ³eLeeefveef½eleced as decided (þjefJeu³eeÒeceeCes) ³eefäkeÀeë sticks (keÀeþîee) éeë tomorrow (Goîee) meceeveesVele³eë same length (meejK³ee ueebyeer®³ee) m³eeled would be (Demesue)

keÀ. SkeÀJeeke̳esve GÊejle~ 1. keÀm³e Oevem³etle: uegHle: ? GÊejced osJeoÊem³e Oevem³etle: uegHle:~ 2. osJeoÊem³e ie=ns keÀefle Ye=l³ee: Deemeved? GÊejced osJeoÊem³e ie=ns <e[d Ye=l³ee: Deemeved~

3. Jeerjyeue: keÀm³e efce$eced? GÊejced Jeerjyeue: osJeoÊem³e efce$eced~ 4. osJeoÊe: efkeÀceLe¥ Jeerjyeueb meene³³eced De³ee®ele? GÊejced osJeoÊe: ®eewjb ûenerlegb Jeerjyeueb meene³³eced De³ee®ele~ 5. meJex mesJekeÀe: kegÀ$e Deeielee:? GÊejced meJex mesJekeÀe: Jeerjyeuem³e ie=nced Deeielee:~ 6. Jeerjyeuesve keÀe Deeveerlee:? GÊejced Jeerjyeuesve meceeveesVele³e: ³eef<ìkeÀe: Deeveerlee:~ 7. keÀm³e ³eef<ìkeÀe oerIee& YeefJe<³eefle? GÊejced ³esve kesÀveeefHe Oevem³etle: ®eesefjle: m³eeled lem³e ³eef<ìkeÀe

De*diegefuecee$eb oerIee& YeefJe<³eefle~ 8. S<e: ieÐeebMe: keÀmceeled Heeþeled GodOe=le:? GÊejced S<e: ieÐeebMe: meg<þg ie=nerle: ®eewj: Fefle Heeþeled GodOe=le:~ Ke. Jeeke̳eb Hegveefue&efKelJee mel³eced / Demel³eced Fefle efueKele~ 1. Jeerjyeue: veece keÀesçefHe OeefvekeÀ: Deemeerled~ GÊejced Demel³eced~ 2. osJeoÊem³e ie=ns <e[d Ye=l³ee: Deemeved~ GÊejced mel³eced~ 3. ®eewjb ûenerlegb Jeerjyeue: osJeoÊeb meene³³eced De³ee®ele~ GÊejced Demel³eced~ 4. Jeerjyeuesve meJex<eeb ke=Àles oerIee&: ³eef<ìkeÀe: Deeveerlee:~ GÊejced Demel³eced~

MeyoeLee&:

SAMPLE C

ONTENT

14

14

veJeceer keÀ#ee - Deevevo: (meb³egkeÌle - mebmke=Àleced)

ie. keÀ: kebÀ Jeoefle?

*1. efce$e, DeÐe mee³e*dkeÀeues leJe meJee&ved Ye=l³eeved cece ie=nb Òes<e³e~ GÊejced Jeerjyeue: osJeoÊeb Jeoefle~

*2. HeM³evleg Slee: cee³ee³eef<ìkeÀe:~ GÊejced Jeerjyeue: mesJekeÀeved Jeoefle~ 3. ée: ÒeYeeles HegvejeievleJ³eced~ GÊejced Jeerjyeue: mesJekeÀeved Jeoefle~ 4. ³esve kesÀveeefHe Oevem³etle: ®eesefjle: m³eeled lem³e ³eef<ìkeÀe

De*diegefuecee$eb oerIee& YeefJe<³eefle~ GÊejced Jeerjyeue: mesJekeÀeved Jeoefle~ Ie. Gef®eleb keÀejCeb ef®elJee Jeeke̳eb Hegveefue&Kele~ 1. osJeoÊe: Jeerjyeueb meene³³eced De³ee®ele ³ele: _______ ~ (me: ®eewjb ûenerlegced Ss®íled / me: Oeveced Ss®íled ) GÊejced osJeoÊe: Jeerjyeueb meene³³eced De³ee®ele ³ele: me: ®eewjb

ûenerlegced Ss®íled~ 2. meJex mesJekeÀe: Jeerjyeuem³e ie=nced Deeielee: ³ele: _______~ (les cee³ee³eef<ìkeÀe: mJeerkeÀleg&ced Ss®íled / ³eLeeefveef½eleb

osJeoÊe: leeved DeÒes<e³eled ) GÊejced meJex mesJekeÀe: Jeerjyeuem³e ie=nced Deeielee: ³ele:

³eLeeefveef½eleb osJeoÊe: leeved DeÒes<e³eled~ De. Meyom³e JeCe&efJeûenb kegÀ©le~ 1. osJeoÊe: = od + S + Jed + De + od + De + led + led

+ De:~ 2. Oevem³etle: = Oed + De + ved + De + med + ³ed + T

+ led + De:~ 3. uegHle: = ued + G + Hed + led + De:~ 4. <e[d = <ed + De + [d ~ 5. Ye=l³ee: = Yed + $eÝ + led + ³ed + Dee:~ 6. ûenerlegced = ied + jd + De + nd + F& + led + G + ced~ 7. efce$e = ced + F + led + jd + De~ 8. DeÐe = De + od + ³ed + De~ 9. ³eef<ìkeÀe: = ³ed + De + <ed + ìd + F + kedÀ + Dee:~ 10. mJeerke=Àl³e = med + Jed + F& + kedÀ + $eÝ + led + ³ed +

De~ 11. ée: = Med + Jed + De:~

Dee. efJeMes<eCe-efJeMes<³e-mecyevOe:~ 1. mlecYecesueveb kegÀ©le~

efJeMes<eCeced efJeMes<³eced i. OeefvekeÀ: a. ®eewj: ii. SkeÀ: b. ³eef<ìkeÀe: iii. <e[d c. osJeoÊe: *iv. meJee&ved d. Ye=l³ee: *v. uegHle: e Oevem³etle: *vi. meceeveesVele³e: f. Ye=l³eeved

GÊejced i. OeefvekeÀ: osJeoÊe:~ ii. SkeÀ: ®eewj:~ iii. <e[d Ye=l³ee:~ iv. meJee&ved Ye=l³eeved~ v. uegHle: Oevem³etle:~ vi. meceeveesVele³e: ³eef<ìkeÀe:~ 2. ieÐeebMele: efJeMes<eCeeefve ef®elJee efueKele~ i. _______ ³eef<ìkeÀeced~ ii. _______Oevem³etle:~ iii. _______ ³eef<ìkeÀe~ GÊejced i. SkeÀeb ³eef<ìkeÀeced~ ii. ®eesefjle: Oevem³etle:~ iii. oerIee& ³eef<ìkeÀe~ F. lJeevle / u³eyevle / legcevle / efJeYekeÌl³evleªHeeefCe ef®evegle~ u³eyevle-DeJ³e³eced GHemeie& + Oeeleg +³e / l³e mJeerke=Àl³e~ legcevle-DeJ³e³eced Oeeleg + legced / Oegced / ìgced

/ {gced / Flegced / Deef³elegced ûenerlegced~

efJeYekeÌl³evleªHeeefCe~ 1. ÒeLeceevleHeoced

(-:, -e:) osJeoÊe:, keÀ:, OeefvekeÀ:, Oevem³etle:, Ye=l³ee:, <e[d, SkeÀ:, ®eewj:, me:, Jeerjyeue:, meJes &, mesJekeÀe:, ³eef<ìkeÀe:, meceeveesVele³e:,Slee:, cee³ee³eef<ìkeÀe:, ³eef<ìkeÀe, oerIee&~

2. efÜleer³eevleHeoced (-ced,-eved)

®eewjced, Jeerjyeueced, meene³³eced, meJee&ved, Ye=l³eeved, ie=nced, mesJekeÀeved, SkeÀeced , ³eef<ìkeÀeced~

3. le=leer³eevleHeoced (-sve, -Ss:)

Jeerjyeue sve, meJez:, ³esve, kesÀve~

4. <e<þîevleHeoced (-m³e,-Deeced, -veeced,-<eeced, -meeced)

lem³e, leJe, cece, Jeerjyeuem³e, meJes&<eeced, osJeoÊem³e~

5. meHlec³evleHeoced (-S, - s<eg,-emeg)

ie=ns, le s<eg, mee³e*dkeÀeue s, leemeg, ÒeYeeles~

6. mecyeesOeveevleHeoced efce$e~

met®eveevegmeejb ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~

SAMPLE C

ONTENT

15

1: meg<þg ie=nerle: ®eewj:~

F&. meefvOeb / meefvOeefJeûenb Jee kegÀ©le~

meefvOe: meefvOeefJeûen: i. keÀesçefHe = keÀ: + DeefHe~ ii. HetJe&cesJe = HetJe&ced + SJe~ iii. HegvejeievleJ³eced = Hegve: + DeeievleJ³eced~ iv. kesÀveeefHe = kesÀve + DeefHe~

(HeeþîeHegmlekeÀ-He=<þ¬eÀcee¹: 5) je$eew meJex Ye=l³ee: megKesve efveêeced DekegÀJe&ved $eÝles SkeÀmceeled ~ At night all the servants except one, slept peacefully. je$eer SkeÀpeCe JeieUlee meieUs mesJekeÀ MeebleHeCes PeesHeues. me: Deef®evle³eled, ’ée: Òeele: cece ®eew³e¥ ÒekeÀefìleb YeJesled~ He thought, “Tomorrow morning my theft would be revealed. l³eeves efJe®eej kesÀuee, ’Goîee mekeÀeUer ceePeer ®eesjer GIe[keÀerme ³esF&ue. (He´keÀeMeele ³esF&ue). Dele: Denced DeOegvee SJe cece ³eef<ìkeÀeced De*diegefuecee$eb keÀle&³eeefce~“ Hence, I shall cut my stick by the length of a finger now itself.” cnCetve ceer Deelee®e ceePeer keÀeþer yeesìYej keÀeHelees.“ Fefle ef®evleef³elJee leLee ke=ÀlJee me: megKesve megHle:~ Having thought thus, he did so and slept peacefully. Demee efJe®eej keÀªve þjJeu³eeHe´ceeCes keÀªve lees MeebleHeCes PeesHeuee. Dev³esÐeg: ueIeg³eef<ìkeÀeb ¢<ìdJee + SJe Jeerjyeuesve ®eewj: mec³ekedÀ %eele: ie=nerle: ®e~ The next day by merely looking at the short stick, Birbal correctly identified and caught the thief. ogmeN³ee efoJeMeer DeeKet[ keÀeþer Heentve efyejyeueeves ®eesjeuee De®etkeÀHeCes (J³eJeefmLele) DeesUKeues DeeefCe HekeÀ[ues. DeHejeOeer Ye=l³e: Jeerjyeuem³e Heeo³ees: HeeflelJee mJem³e DeHejeOeced De²erke=ÀleJeeved Oevem³etleb ®e Òel³eefHe&leJeeved~ Falling at Birbal’s feet, the guilty servant accepted his own crime and returned the money-bag. DeHejeOeer mesJekeÀeves efyejyeuee®³ee Hee³eeJej He[tve mJeleë®ee DeHejeOe ceev³e kesÀuee DeeefCe HewMeeb®eer efHeMeJeer (Lewueer) Hejle efoueer. De*dieerke=ÀleJeeved accepted (mJeerkeÀej kesÀuee) Dev³esÐegë the next day (ogmeN³ee efoJeMeer) $eÝles except (efMeJee³e) keÀle&³eeefce I shall cut (ceer keÀeHesve) ie=nerleë caught (HekeÀ[uesuee) ef®evleef³elJee thinking (efJe®eej keÀªve) ®eew³e&ced theft (®eesjer) %eeleë recognised (DeesUKeues) ¢<ìdJee looking (Heentve) HeeflelJee falling (He[tve)

He´keÀefìleb YeJesled will be revealed (meceesj ³esF&ue) He´l³eefHe&leJeeved returned (Hejle kesÀues) mec³ekedÀ correctly (³eesi³e) megHleë slept (PeesHeuee)

keÀ. SkeÀJeeke̳esve GÊejle~ 1. keÀmceeled $eÝles meJex Ye=l³ee: megKesve efveêeced DekegÀJe&ved? GÊejced ®eewjeled $eÝles meJex Ye=l³ee: megKesve efveêeced DekegÀJe&ved~ 2. `ÍJe: cece ®eew³e¥ ÒekeÀefìleb YeJesled' Fefle ef®evlee keÀm³e ef®eÊes

pee³eles? GÊejced `ÍJe: cece ®eew³e¥ ÒekeÀefìleb YeJesled' Fefle ef®evlee SkeÀm³e

Ye=l³em³e/oemem³e ef®eÊes pee³eles~

MeyoeLee&:

ieÐeebMe: 2

[je$eew meJex Ye=l³ee: .......................................................................................... ®e Òel³eefHe&leJeeved~]

SAMPLE C

ONTENT

16

16

veJeceer keÀ#ee - Deevevo: (meb³egkeÌle - mebmke=Àleced)

3. Jeerjyeuesve ®eewj: keÀoe %eele:? GÊejced Jeerjyeuesve ueIeg³eef<ìkeÀeb ¢<ìdJee SJe ®eewj: mec³ekedÀ %eele:~ 4. DeHejeOeer Ye=l³e: keÀLeb mJem³e DeHejeOeced De*dieerke=ÀleJeeved? GÊejced DeHejeOeer Ye=l³e: Jeerjyeuem³e Heeo³ees: HeeflelJee mJem³e

DeHejeOeced De*dieerke=ÀleJeeved~ 5. DeHejeOeer Ye=l³e: efkebÀ Òel³eefHe&leJeeved? GÊejced DeHejeOeer Ye=l³e: Oevem³etleb Òel³eefHe&leJeeved~ Ke. Jeeke̳eb Hegveefue&efKelJee mel³eced / Demel³eced Fefle efueKele~ 1. je$eew meJex Ye=l³ee: megKesve efveêeced DekegÀJe&ved~ GÊejced Demel³eced~ 2. ®eewj: ³eef<ìkeÀeb De*diegefuecee$eb keÀle&ef³elJee megKesve megHle:~ GÊejced mel³eced~ 3. oerIe&³eef<ìkeÀeb ¢<ìdJee SJe Jeerjyeuesve ®eewj: mec³ekedÀ %eele:~ GÊejced Demel³eced~ 4. DeHejeOeer Ye=l³e: Oevem³etleb Òel³eefHe&leJeeved~ GÊejced mel³eced~ ie. keÀ: kebÀ Jeoefle? 1. ée: Òeele: cece ®eew³e¥ ÒekeÀefìleb YeJesled~ GÊejced ®eewj: Deelceeveb Jeoefle~ 2. Denced DeOegvee SJe cece ³eef<ìkeÀeced De*diegefuecee$eb keÀle&³eeefce~ GÊejced ®eewj: Deelceeveb Jeoefle~ Ie. Gef®eleb keÀejCeb ef®elJee Jeeke̳eb Hegveefue&Kele~ 1. SkeÀ: Ye=l³e: je$eew efveêeb ve DekeÀjesled ³ele: _______~ (meJex<eeb ³eef<ìkeÀe: meceeveesVele³e: Deemeved / lem³e ®eew³e¥

ÒekeÀefìleb YeJesled Fefle efJe®eejsCe me: Yeerle:) GÊejced SkeÀ: Ye=l³e: je$eew efveêeb ve DekeÀjesled ³ele: lem³e ®eew³e¥

ÒekeÀefìleb YeJesled Fefle efJe®eejsCe me: Yeerle:~ 2. ®eewj: megKesve megHle: ³ele: _______~ (me: ³eef<ìkeÀeced De*diegefuecee$eced DekeÀle&³eled / lem³e meceerHes

Oevem³etle: Deemeerled ) GÊejced ®eewj: megKesve megHle: ³ele: me: ³eef<ìkeÀeced De*diegefuecee$eced

DekeÀle&³eled~ 3. Jeerjyeuesve ®eewj: mec³ekedÀ %eele: ³ele: _______~ (®eewjm³e ³eef<ìkeÀe oerIee& DeYeJeled / ®eewjm³e ³eef<ìkeÀe ÛmJee

Deemeerled ) GÊejced Jeerjyeuesve ®eewj: mec³ekedÀ %eele: ³ele: ®eewjm³e ³eef<ìkeÀe

ÛmJee Deemeerled~

De. Meyom³e JeCe&efJeûenb kegÀ©le~ 1. efveêeced = vedd + F + od + jd + Dee + ced~ 2. $eÝles = $eÝ + led + S~ 3. ®eew³e&ced = ®ed + Deew + jd + ³ed + De + ced~ 4. megHle: = med + G + Hed + led + De:~ 5. %eele: = ped + _ed + Dee + led + De:~ 6. Òel³eefHe&leJeeved = Hed + jd + De + led + ³ed + De + jd +

Hed + F + led + De + Jed + Dee + ved~ Dee. efJeMes<eCe-efJeMes<³e-mecyevOe:~ 1. mlecYecesueveb kegÀ©le~

De Dee i. ÒekeÀefìleced Ye=l³e: ii. DeHejeOeer Jeerjyeue: *iii. ie=nerle: ®eew³e&ced ®eewj:

GÊejced i. ÒekeÀefìleb ®eew³e&ced~ ii. DeHejeOeer Ye=l³e:~ iii. ie=nerle: ®eewj:~ F. lJeevle / u³eyevle / legcevle / efJeYekeÌl³evleªHeeefCe ef®evegle~ lJeevle-DeJ³e³eced Oeeleg + lJee / OJee / ìdJee

/ {dJee / FlJee / Deef³elJee ef®evleef³elJee, ke=ÀlJee, ¢<ìdJee, HeeflelJee~

efJeYekeÌl³evleªHeeefCe~ 1. ÒeLeceevleHeoced

(-s, -e:, -ced) meJex, Ye=l³ee:, me:, ®eew³e&ced, ÒekeÀefìleced, Denced, ®eewj:, DeHejeOeer, Ye=l³e:~

2. efÜleer³eevleHeoced (-ced)

efveêeced, ³eef<ìkeÀeced, ueIeg³eef<ìkeÀeced, DeHejeOeced, Oevem³etleced~

3. le=leer³eevleHeoced (- sve)

megKesve, Jeerjyeuesve~

4. Heáec³evleHeoced (-mceeled)

SkeÀmceeled~

5. <e<þîevleHeoced (-m³e)

cece, Jeerjyeuem³e, mJem³e~

6. meHlec³evleHeoced (-ew, -³ees:)

je$eew, Heeo³ees:~

met®eveevegmeejb ke=Àleer: kegÀ©le~

SAMPLE C

ONTENT

17

1: meg<þg ie=nerle: ®eewj:~

F&. meefvOeb / meefvOeefJeûenb Jee kegÀ©le~

meefvOe: meefvOeefJeûen: ¢<ìdJewJe = ¢<ìdJee + SJe~

*De. ceeO³eceYee<e³ee GÊejb efueKele~ 1. Jeerjyeuesve ®eewjë keÀLeb ie=nerleë? OR Jeerjyeuem³e ®eeleg³e¥ mHeäerkegÀ©le~ GÊejced Birbal, an extraordinarily wise and witty

minister to emperor Akbar is known for his cleverness and helpful nature. There are several well-known stories that speak of his cleverness. One among them is the story 'The thief is well -caught' - `megÿg ie=nerleë ®eewjë~'

This story revolves around Birbal's cleverness in correctly identifying the thief. When Devdutta realised his money bag was missing, he suspected that one of the six servants would be the culprit. He took Birbal's help to catch the thief. It is a known fact that a person who does something wrong will have a guilty conscience and he will do all it takes to cover up his mistake. Keeping this human tendency in mind, Birbal gave the servants a stick each, of the same length and told them that the sticks were magical and only the thief's stick would grow longer the next day. The real thief believed this and cut his stick so no one would know that he was the thief. The next day the thief's stick was obviously shorter than the others and it was clear that he alone was the thief.

Thus, Birbal used his cleverness and understanding of human nature and identified the thief.

efyejyeue ne meceeì DekeÀyeje®ee DeefleMe³e ®elegj, npejpeyeeyeer ceb$eer neslee. l³ee®³ee ®eeleg³ee&®³ee HeefmeodOe keÀLeebHewkeÀer SkeÀ cnCepes `meg<þg ie=nerleë ®eewjë~'

osJeolle veeJee®³ee SkeÀe Þeerceble ceeCemee®eer HewMee®eer efHeMeJeer ®eesjeruee iesueer DeeefCe l³eevess DeeHeu³ee mesJekeÀebJej mebMe³e Iesleuee. DeeHeu³ee mene mesJekeÀebHewkeÀer®e keÀesCeer SkeÀ ®eesj DemeCeej, ³ee®ee l³eeuee efJeMJeeme neslee. ®eesjeuee HekeÀ[C³eemeeþer l³eeves DeeHeuee efce$e efyejyeueekeÀ[s ceole ceeefieleueer. l³eevegmeej, efyejyeueeves l³ee mene veeskeÀjebvee DeeHeu³ee Iejer mebO³eekeÀeUer yeesueeJetve meceeve ueebyeer®eer SkesÀkeÀ keÀeþer efoueer. l³ee keÀeþîee peeot®³ee Demeu³ee®es meebietve HeÀkeÌle ®eesje®eer keÀeþer ogmeN³ee efoJeMeer yeesìYej ueebye nesF&ue Demes meebefieleues. ®eesj mees[tve Flej Hee®e veeskeÀj Meeble PeesHeues. DeeHeueer ®eesjer GIe[keÀerme ³esF&ue, cnCetve l³eeves keÀeþer

keÀeHeueer. ogmeN³ee efoJeMeer efyejyeueeves SkeÀ®e DeeKet[ keÀeþer yeefIeleueer Je lel#eCeer ®eesjeuee DeesUKeues. Kepeerue Peeuesu³ee ®eesjeves #ecee ceeefieleueer DeeefCe HewMee®eer efHeMeJeer Hejle efoueer.

®eesje®³ee ceveele ®eeboCes ³ee®ee DeLe& peeCetve efyejyeueeves meJe& meeOeues. Keje ®eesj mJeleë®eer ®eesjer GIe[keÀerme ³esCeej veener ³eemeeþer vekeÌkeÀer®e He³elve keÀjsue. ceveg<³ee®eer ner®e ceeveefmekeÀlee ue#eele IesTve efyejyeueeves ner ³egkeÌleer kesÀueer nesleer DeeefCe lees ®eesjeuee HekeÀ[C³eele ³eMemJeer Peeuee.

*Dee. efJe©×eLe&keÀMeyoeveeb ³egiceb ef®evegle efueKele ®e~ GÊejced HetJe&ced He½eeled~ ielee: Deeielee:~ oerIee& ÛmJee~ Ye=l³e: mJeeceer~ peeie=le: megHle:~ OeefvekeÀ: oefjê:~

*F. Heeþeled meceeveeLe&kebÀ Meyob ef®elJee jsKeeef®e$eb Hetj³ele~ 1. GÊejced OeefvekeÀ:~ 2. GÊejced ®eewj:~ 3. GÊejced efveêe~ 4. GÊejced Ye=l³e:~

OeefvekeÀ: HeM®eeled Deeielee: oefjê:Ye=l³e: ÛmJee megHle: mJeeceer

HetJe&ced ielee: oerIee& peeie=le:

Oevee{îe:

OevemecHeVe:

FY³e:OeveJeeved

mlesve:

lemkeÀj:

Heeì®®ej:

cees<ekeÀ:

megefHle:

Me³eveced

mJeHee

mJeeHe:

HeeþeOeeefjlee: Dev³es ÒeÍvee:~

oemes³e:

mesJekeÀ:

SAMPLE C

ONTENT

18

18

veJeceer keÀ#ee - Deevevo: (meb³egkeÌle - mebmke=Àleced)

*F&. ³eesi³eb He³ee&³eb ef®elJee Jeeke̳eb Hegveefue&Kele~ 1. keÀm³e Oevem³etle: uegHle: ? De. osJeoÊem³e Dee. Jeerjyeuem³e F. Ye=l³em³e F&. ve=Hem³e GÊejced osJeoÊem³e Oevem³etle: uegHle:~ 2. ie=ns keÀefle Ye=l³ee: Deemeved? De. Heáe Dee. meHle F. <e[d F&. SkeÀ: GÊejced ie=ns <e[d Ye=l³ee: Deemeved~ 3. Jeerjyeue: keÀm³e efce$eced? De. Ye=l³em³e Dee. OeefvekeÀm³e F. ³eef<ìkeÀe³ee: F&. ®eewjm³e GÊejced Jeerjyeue: OeefvekeÀm³e efce$eced~

4. `ée: cece ®eew³e¥ ÒekeÀefìleb YeJesled' Fefle ef®evlee keÀm³e ef®eÊes pee³eles?

De. oemem³e Dee. Jeerjyeuem³e F. OeefvekeÀm³e F&. ve=Hem³e GÊejced `ée: cece ®eew³e¥ ÒekeÀefìleb YeJesled' Fefle ef®evlee oemem³e ef®eÊes

pee³eles~ G. Òe³eesieb Devegme=l³e ³eesi³eb ªHeb ef®evegle efueKele ®e~ 1. _______ Jeerjyeueb meene³³eced De³ee®ele~ (me:/lesve) GÊejced me: Jeerjyeueb meene³³eced De³ee®ele~ 2. meJee&ved _______ cece ie=nb Òes<e³e~ (Ye=l³ee:/Ye=l³eeved) GÊejced meJee&ved Ye=l³eeved cece ie=nb Òes<e³e~ 3. _______ HetJe&cesJe ³eef<ìkeÀe: Deeveerlee:~ (Jeerjyeue:/Jeerjyeuesve) GÊejced Jeerjyeuesve HetJe&cesJe ³eef<ìkeÀe: Deeveerlee:~ 4. Jeerjyeuesve ®eewj: mec³ekedÀ _______~ (%eeleced/%eele:) GÊejced Jeerjyeuesve ®eewj: mec³ekedÀ %eele:~ 5. DeHejeOeer Ye=l³e: mJem³e DeHejeOeb _______~ (mJeerke=Àleced/mJeerke=ÀleJeeved) GÊejced DeHejeOeer Ye=l³e: mJem³e DeHejeOeb mJeerke=ÀleJeeved~

De. Meyoeveeb He=LekeÌkeÀjCeb kegÀ©le~

veece osJeoÊeë, OeefvekeÀë, Oevem³etleë, ³eefäkeÀeë, ®eewjced, Oevem³etleced , ³eefäkeÀeced , Ye=l³eeved , mesJekeÀeved , Jeerjyeuem³e, ie=ns, je$eew, Heeo³eesë , efce$e~

meJe&veece keÀë, meë, Denced , meJex, Sleeë, meJee&ved , ³esve, kesÀve, meJezë, leJe, cece, les<eeced, meJex<eeced, les<eg~

ef¬eÀ³eeHeoced keÀle&³eeefce, DeJeoled , Deef®evle³eled, De³ee®ele, Deemeved , DekegÀJe&ved , HeM³eleg , He´s<e³e, m³eeled , YeefJe<³eefle~

efJeMes<eCeced oerIee&, <e[d , meceeveesVele³eë, uegHleë, ®eesefjleë, ie=nerleë, %eeleë, He´keÀefìleced, DeHejeOeer, Deeieleeë, Deeveerleeë~

DeJ³e³eced ie´nerlegced , ke=ÀlJee, ¢<ìdJee, HeeflelJee, ef®evleef³elJee, mJeerke=Àl³e~

Dee. meceeveeLe&keÀMeyoeved efueKele~

1. OeefvekeÀ: rich (Þeerceble) = OeveJeeved, OevemecHeVe: Oevee{îe:, FY³e:, Oeveer~ 2. ie=nced house (Iej) = iesnced, meoveced, efvekesÀleveced, JesMce, me¨e, DeeJeeme:~ 3. Ye=l³e: servant (veeskeÀj) = mesJekeÀ:, oeme:, oemes³e:, ®esìkeÀ:, Heefj®eejkeÀ:, efkeÀ*dkeÀj:~ 4. ®eewj: thief (®eesj) = lemkeÀj, mlesve:, Heeì®®ej:, cees<ekeÀ:, om³eg:~ 5. meene³³eced help (ceole) = menkeÀe³e&ced, mene³elee~ 6. mee³e*dkeÀeues evening (mebO³eekeÀeUer) = mevO³eemece³es, mevO³eekeÀeues, mee³ebmece³es~

Yee<eeY³eeme:~

SAMPLE C

ONTENT

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1: meg<þg ie=nerle: ®eewj:~

7. ³eef<ìkeÀe stick (keÀeþer) = oC[:~ 8. ÒeYeeles in the morning (mekeÀeUer) = Òeele:, Òeele:keÀeues, ÒeYeelemece³es~ 9. ®eesefjle: stolen (®eesjuesues) = cegef<ele:, uegefCþle:~ 10. jeef$e: night (je$e) = jpeveer, efveMee, efveMeerefLeveer, ef$e³eecee~ 11. efveêe sleep (PeesHe) = mJeHee, mJeeHe:, megefHle:, Me³eveced, mebJesMe:~ 12. $eÝles other than / except (efMeJee³e) = efJevee~ 13. ¢<ìdJee seeing (Heentve) = Jeer#³e, DeJeueeske̳e~ 14. %eele: known (peeCeuesues) = DeJeiele:, DeJeyegodOe:~ 15. Heeo: foot (Hee³e) = ®ejCe:~ 16. DeHejeOeer guilty (DeHejeOeer) = oes<eer~ 17. DeHejeOe: fault (iegvne) = oes<e:~ 18. De*dieerke=ÀleJeeved accepted (mJeerkeÀejuee) = mJeerke=ÀleJeeved~

F. efJe©×eLe&keÀMeyoeved efueKele~ 1. OeefvekeÀ: rich (Þeerceble) oefjê:, Oevenerve:, DeOeve:, efveOe&ve:~ poor (iejerye) 2. Ye=l³e: servant (veeskeÀj) mJeeceer, ÒeYeg:~ master (ceeuekeÀ) 3. mee³e*dkeÀeues in the evening (mebO³eekeÀeUer) ÒeYeeles, Òeele:~ in the morning (mekeÀeUer) 4. Deeielee: came (Deeues) ielee:~ went (iesues) 5. HetJe&ced before (HetJeea) He½eeled, Devevlejced~ after (veblej) 6. ievleJ³eced should go (peeJes) DeeievleJ³eced~ should come (³eeJes) 7. oerIee& big (ceesþer) ÛmJee, ueIeg:~ small (ueneve) 8. je$eew at night (je$eer) efoves~ in the day (mekeÀeUer) 9. megKesve happily (Deeveboeves) og:Kesve, MeeskesÀve~ sadly (og:Keeves) 10. megHle: slept (PeesHeuesuee) peeie=le:~ awake (peeiee Peeuesuee) 11. DeHejeOeer guilty (DeHejeOeer) efvejHejeOeer~ innocent (efveoex<e)

De. DeJ³e³eeveeb / Oeeletveeced GHe³eesieb ke=ÀlJee Jeeke̳eeefve efueKele] ~

ke´À. Oeelegë / DeJ³e³eced DeLe&:®e efJeYeeqkeÌleë GoenjCeced 1. ³ee®ed (1 Dee.He.) ask for (ceeieCes) efÜleer³ee meë Jeerjyeueb meene³³eced De³ee®ele~

2. ieced - ie®íd (1 He.He.) go (peeCes) efÜleer³ee meJezë osJeoÊem³e ie=nb ievleJ³eced~ meJex mesJekeÀe: Jeerjyeuem³e ie=nced Deeielee:~

3. Heled (1 He.He.) fall (He[Ces) meHleceer Jeerjyeuem³e Heeo³ees: HeeflelJee mJem³e DeHejeOeb mJeerke=ÀleJeeved~ 4. $eÝles without / except (efMeJee³e) Heáeceer meJex Ye=l³eeë megKesve efveêeced DekeÀjesled $eÝles SkeÀmceeled~ 5. ke=Àles for (meeþer) <e<þer meJex<eeb ke=Àles meceeveesVele³eë ³eefäkeÀeë Deeveerleeë~

Dee. me*dK³eeefJeMes<eCeeveeced GHe³eesieb ke=ÀlJee Jeeke̳eܳeb efueKele~

¬eÀ. me*dK³ee GoenjCeced

Heeþle: HeeþJ³eefleefjkeÌleced 1. 6 lem³e ie=ns <e[d Ye=l³ee: Deemeved~ Yeespeves <e[d jmee: meefvle~ 2. 1 les<eg SkeÀ: SJe ®eewj: YeJesled~ SkeÀ: met³e&: ieieves ÒekeÀeMeles~

uesKevekeÀewMeueced~

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