Continuing Education

• This course has been approved by:

• AIA

• BOMI

• ICC

• All sessions also qualify to fulfill CSI continuing education requirements.

• All credits must be self-reported (excluding AIA which will be reported for AIA members who provide their member #).

• You will receive a certificate of attendance via e-mail in a few weeks.

• Visit www.CONSTRUCTshow.com for details.

Tim will have to provide correct approvals

Credit(s) earned on completion of this course will be reported to AIA CES for AIA members. Certificates of completion for both AIA members and non-members will be available to download upon successful completion of the course.

_____________________________________

Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services may be addressed to the sponsor using the ”Ask Anytime” function below the player, or through the Sponsor’s website, www.pac-clad.com

AIA Best Practices

This course is registered with AIA CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or

endorsement by the AIA of any material of construction or any method or manner ofhandling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product.

Course Description

This course explains why severe weather events are causing designs, standards, and codes to be revisited. Resiliency in architecture is explained and the reasons resilient buildings suffer less downtime and provide improved performance under extreme conditions are enumerated. While resilience generally means better prepared for adverse conditions and better able to handle and survive them, this course will drill down into the many facets of resilience that include planning and material selection, to provide a better understanding of performance of materials and systems under stress.

Learning Objectives

1. Understand lessons learned from current and previous extreme weather events as related to metal building roof and wall systems

2. Identify the multiple hazards that impact buildings objectively and in a consistent and reproducible way

3. Establish the importance of and utilize the relationships between performance, risk, resilience and multi-hazards to evaluate and design safer and more secure facilities

4. Evaluate Resilience and its components as related to buildings so that they can be objectively identified and used in the design, specification and decision-making process

Resilience Defined

1. Able to bounce back after change or adversity

2. Capable of preparing for, responding to, and recovering from difficult conditions

Resilience: the capacity of individuals, communities, institutions, businesses, and systems within to survive no matter what kinds of chronic stresses and acute shocks they experience (adapted from 100 Resilient Cities -http://www.100resilientcities.org).

Materials Sustainability & Durability

Sustainability

• Materials that are ecologically responsible because their impact on the planet is not as damaging as traditional building materials.

Durability (CSI Project Delivery Practice Guide)

• Perform as tested for specified time period

Functional Performance for identified period

Including (but not limited to): Impact, moisture, thermal, corrosion, chemical, weather, abrasion and ultraviolet resistance; absorbency, Friability/Frangibility, and cohesiveness

http://www.csiresources.org/practice/publications/guides/pdpg

Understanding Resilience & Design

• Hazard: poses a threat to safetyHurricanes, tsunamis, earthquakes, tornadoes, blizzards, drought, and wildfires

• Risk: quantifies hazard threatDefines the likelihood of occurrence and intensity of the hazard

• Vulnerability: personalizes riskAssesses the capabilities and interdependencies of individuals and communities associated with risk

• Mitigation: reducing negative impact

• Resilience: inherent durability or flexibilityIncorporating changing environmental, social, and economic conditions into projects. This requires designs that are tough as well as flexible; providing the ability to not only bounce back, but forward

• Adaptation: throughout service lifehttp://www.aia.org/practicing/resilience/index.htm

• Resilience will play a major role in the design even when discounting hazard events –Mark Kalin, FCSI, CCS, SCIP

AIA Safety Assessment Training

https://www.aia.org/resources/9271-the-safety-assessment-program-sap

Hurricane Andrew 1992

• $10 billion in insured residential homestead damage• $16 billion in total insured damages• Destroyed 25,524 homes and damaged another 101,241• 59 health facilities, 31 public schools, 32,900 acres of farmland and

82,000 businesses - 44 deaths in FL (even with evacuations)

What was learned?

How Andrew Changed ASCE 7 & Roofing Standards

Metal Roof wind testing standards

• Underwriters Laboratories UL 580

• Underwriters Laboratories UL 1897

• Factory Mutual 4471

• Army Corps of Engineers (Modified ASTM 330)

• ASTM E1592

• TAS-125 (Miami-Dade County, FL)

https://www.fema.gov/media-library-data/20130726-1536-20490-6626/fema499_7_6.pdf

Photo from Harry Lubitz, CSI, CDT AIA CEU course Course Number: MRIL 1611

http://www.docsford.com/document/5016982

FM Global Property Loss Prevention Data Sheets

Generated 100 million cubic yards of disaster debris

http://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL33477.pdf

What was Learned?

Hurricane Katrina 2005 – Resilience & Material Impacts

Superstorm Sandy 2012

What was Learned?

42 Deaths in New York; 12 in New Jersey

Codes set a legal minimum standard for construction, but for increased resiliency many owners will choose to do more.

NYC Building Resiliency Task Force

Harvey and Irma - Economic Impact Comparison

https://www.bbvaresearch.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/170918_EconomicImpact_Harvey_Irma-1.pdf

Ideas on how to mitigate future storms?

How Cities Address Resilience

• Chicago

• Orlando

• Pittsburgh

• Washington DC

• Minneapolis/St Paul

• Greater Miami Beaches

• NYC

• Boston

• Boulder

• Berkeley

• Dallas

• El Paso

• Honolulu

• Los Angeles

• Louisville

• Nashville

• New Orleans

• Norfolk

• Oakland

• San Francisco

• Seattle

• St. Louis

• Tulsa

Stakeholder Engagement is Critical

Review of the Federal disaster recovery spending over the previous ten-year period concluded that every $1 spent on hazard mitigation saves society an average of $4.

Re-insurers Are Driving Performance

Benefits:

• Resilient buildings reduce the loss risks associated with property insurance.

• reduce the payouts for business interruption insurance

(which frequently exceed compensation for property damage)

Potential incentives:

• Promote the adoption of enhanced codes and mitigation standards for resilience

(such as the Insurance Institute for Business and Home Safety’s FORTIFIED programs for residential and commercial buildings)

• Offer premium discounts to property owners who use the standards

Energy Conservation

▪ Thermal Transfer

▪ Air Leakage

▪ Renewable Energy

▪ Day Lighting

Environment

▪ Environmental Footprint

▪ Acoustic Transmission

Durability

▪ Service Life

▪ Water Vapor Migration

▪ Water Penetration

Security

▪ Blast Protection

▪ Chemical/Biological/Radiological Protection

▪ Ballistic Protection

Safety

▪ Seismic Resistance

▪ Wind Resistance

▪ Flood Resistance

▪ Fire Resistance

Operational

▪ Interruption of Operations

High Performance Attributes-Metrics-Standards Matrix

Baseline

Improved Performance (P+)

Enhanced Performance (P++)

High Performance (HP)

http://kms.energyefficiencycentre.org/sites/default/files/u1508.pdf

ATTRIBUTES FROM EISA

The Importance Of Resilient Energy Efficiency

LEED Resilience-Based Credits

Credit IPpc98 – Assessment and Planning for Resilience

• Option 1 – Climate-Resilient Planning

• Option 2 – Emergency Preparedness Planning

Credit IPpc99 – Design for Enhanced Resilience

Credit IPpc100 – Passive Survivability and Functionality During Emergencies

• Option 1 – Thermal Resilience; Option 2 – Back-Up Power

• Option 2 – Back up Power

• Option 3 – Access to Potable Water

http://www.resilientdesign.org/leed-pilot-credits-on-resilient-design-adopted

Lifecycle Assessment & EPDs – Resilience Indicators

http://perkinswill.com/sites/default/files/ID%202_PWRJ_Vol0701_01_Building%20Resilience.pdf. - http://online.anyflip.com/zyqc/ojoi/#p=16

https://www.pac-clad.com/interactive-pdfs/epd/files/assets/common/downloads/publication.pdf

AB 262 requiresCalifornia to spend public dollars on infrastructure materials that are consistent with state climate pollution reduction goals and recognizes clean manu-facturers

Resilience in Metal Wall & Roof Systems

Metal wall and roof panels are proven resilient due to their functional performance, versatility, range of profiles, colors, and design possibilities, while meeting functional performance requirements.

Basic Resilience Design Considerations

Graphic from enclos corp

Attributes for determining performanceof the building façade

Building Science Corporation’s Common Sense Guidance

• Elevate structures • Build with materials that can get wet• Design assemblies that dry easily

Metal wall and roofs that weathered the wrath of Harvey

• Keep structures from blowing away • Keep the rain out

Designed & built to withstand flood, wind and extreme weather conditions

Environmental Separation Versus Moderation

Metal cladding, water-resistive barrier (WRB), sheathing material properties, and vapor permeability of the interior wall are typical.

Designing With Predictive Energy & Hygrothermal Modeling

Building science/physics to reduce energy loss

• Pre-Construction enclosure commissioning

• Hygrothermal Analysis and Thermal Bridging

Specifying & Evaluating Metal Roof & Wall Materials

Durability

• Impact resistance

• Moisture Resistance

• Thermal Resistance

• Corrosion Resistance

• Chemical Resistance

• Weather Resistance

• Ultraviolet Resistance

• Surface Resistance

• Stain Resistance

• Absorbency

• Cleanability

• Color resistance

• Friability/Frangibility - brittleness

• Abrasion Resistance

• Scratch Resistance

• Dimensional Stability

• Cohesive/Adhesiveness

Material Properties

• Hardness

• Ductility/Brittleness

• Malleability

• Resilience

• Elasticity/Plasticity

• Toughness

• Viscosity

• Creep

• Friction

• Thermal Expansion

Interface Characteristics• Attachment• Tolerance• Modularity• Relocatability• Erection Sequence

CODE-PLUS PROGRAMS FOR DISASTER RESISTANCE

BUILDING ENVELOPE DESIGN GUIDE PANELIZED METAL WALL SYSTEMS

Substrate Performance

• AISI S100 – North American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural Members

Specifications for Aluminum Structures, the Aluminum Association

ASTM

• A463 - Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Aluminum-Coated, by the Hot-Dip Process

• A653 - Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) or Zinc-Iron Alloy-Coated (Galvannealed) by the Hot-Dip Process

• A792 - Standard Specification for Steel Sheet, 55 % Aluminum-Zinc Alloy-Coated by the Hot-Dip Process

• A924 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Steel Sheet, Metallic-Coated by the Hot-Dip Process

• B209 - Standard Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-Alloy Sheet and Plate

Corrosion Standards For Steel & Aluminum Panels

ASTME283- Standard Test Method for Determining Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls and Doors Under Specified Pressure Differences Across the Specimen

E330- Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Exterior Windows, Doors, Skylights and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference

E331 - Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference

Standards For Metal Wall Performance & Compliance

The Importance Of Color

Resilient colors for Resilient Designs with Resilient Patterns

• Life Expectancy —20 years exposure (options available)

• Accelerated Weathering—(ASTM G-23 Type EH) 5,000 hours

• Humidity Resistance—(ASTM 2247) 2,000 hours

• Chemical/Acid Pollution Resistance—(ASTM D 1808)

• Solvent Resistance—(NCCA procedure 11-18, no comparable ASTM test) – Pass

• Formability—(ASTM D 3281 and ASTM D 1737)

• Hardness—(ASTM D 3363)

• Abrasion Resistance—(ASTM D 968)

• Adhesion—(ASTM D 3359 and NCCA procedure No. 11-5) – Pass.

• Impact Resistance—(ASTM D 2794 and NCCA Technical Bulletin No. 11-6)

DurabilityResilience

SustainabilityDependability

Kynar – A Preferred Durable Coating System

Coatings Tests Important to Delivering Resilience

ASTM -• B117 - Standard Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) Apparatus• D523 - Standard Test Method for Specular Gloss• D522 - Standard Test Methods for Mandrel Bend Test of Attached Organic Coatings• D968 - Standard Test Methods for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by Falling

Abrasive• D1308 - Standard Test Method for Effect of Household Chemicals on Clear and Pigmented

Organic Finishes• D2244 - Standard Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from

Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates• D2247 -Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100% Relative

Humidity• D4214 -Standard Test Methods for Evaluating the Degree of Chalking of Exterior Paint

Films• D3363 - Standard Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test• D4145 - Standard Test Method for Coating Flexibility of Pre-painted Sheet

Energystar® Performance Criteria

• Emissivity uses ASTM C1371/E408. Reflectivity uses ASTM E903/C1549

ASTM E84 – Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials

ASTM E119 – Standard Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials

ASTM E631 – Standard Terminology of Building Constructions

UL263 – Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials

UL790 – Standard Test Method for Fire Tests of Roof Coverings

NFPA-285 – Code requirements

Photo from:

metaldesignsystems.com

Required Fire Safety Testing For Metal Walls & Roofs

Corrugated metal wall panels are used for decades in both vertical and horizontal designs. Flush wall panels create very tight joints with a smooth, flat surface.

Images courtesy of Petersen Aluminum PAC CLAD

Creative Options with Resilient Functional Performance

Types of Resilient Metal Wall Claddings

The wall outer leaf and an inner leaf

Dry Panel Or Rain Screen Panel Systems

Standard Voluntary Test and Classification Method for Pressure Equalized Rain Screen Wall Cladding Systems

• AAMA 508 demonstrates weather resistance

• Testing for static and dynamic water infiltration

• Sample wall assembly is intentionally made to be “leaky” with respect to air tightness as per ASTM E283

• ASTM E1233 pressure cycling test is performed

• AAMA 509 standard – Voluntary Test and Classification Method for Drained and Back Ventilated Rain Screen Wall Cladding Systems

Photo by Pac Clad

Attention to detail is critical.

Notice this detail is not connected to

anything.

AAMA 508

Metal Composite Rain-screen System

The system is constructed with metal composite material (MCM), available in a wide range of finishes and colors to complement any design scheme.

Extrusions are fixed to the perimeter of the panel and nest into the extruded track which is attached to the substrate. The result is a free-floating panel installation since the panel is not fastened to the substrate.

Systems must be designed to account for thermal movement of the panels.

Thermal expansion or contraction of roll-formed panels can occur in any direction on the panel and is always greatest along the longest panel dimension. Roll-formed panels will

thermally expand and contract according to their coefficient of thermal expansion.

Richland Two Institute of Innovation Photo provided by Petersen Aluminum30 Avenue mixed-use development Photo provided by Petersen Aluminum

Coefficient of Thermal Expansion

Resilient Retrofit With Metal Panels

• High percentage of existing building stock in need of re-cladding

• Evaluate benefits of adding resilience with metal re-cladding

• Energy efficiency and functional performance improvement

• New look to the structure

Features

• Architectural/structural panel

• Continuous interlock

• Labor-saving one-piece design

• Stiffener beads upon request

• Striations upon request

• 30-year-non-prorated finish warranty

• Weathertightness warranty availability

Metal On-Site Roll Forming

Roofing's Nine Roles In Resilience

Resilient Cool Metal Roofs

• High Strength-to-Weight Ratio

• According to the CMRC5, “Depending on the specific product chosen, the weight of metal roofing is one-third to as little as one-eighth that of conventional roofing shingles”

• BENEFIT: Because cool metal roofing is light weight, it produces less static and dynamic loading

Resilient Energy Star Metal Cool Roofs

Online tools for color selection

Air & Moisture Roof System Performance Testing

• ASTM E1677– Standard Specification for Air Barrier Material or System for Low-rise Framed Building Walls

Applicable to envelope design specifications of up to 105-km/h (65-mph) equivalent structural loads

• ASTM 2357– Standard Test Method for Determining Air Leakage of Air Barrier Assemblies

For buildings designed to withstand structural loads beyond that level

Sullivan’s Island Elementary School A stone’s throw from the Atlantic Ocean

• UL CLASSIFICATIONS

• UL-2218 impact resistance rated UL-580 Class 90 wind uplift UL-1897 wind upliftUL-790 Class A Fire ratedUL-263 Fire resistance rated

• ASTM TESTS

• ASTM E1592 - Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Sheet Metal Roof and Siding Systems by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference

• ASTM E283/1680 Standard Test Method for Rate of Air Leakage through Exterior Metal Roof Panel Systems

• ASTM E331/1646 Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Metal Roof Panel Systems by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference

• FLORIDA BUILDING & MIAMI-DADE PRODUCT APPROVALSPlease refer to MANUFACTURER for specific product approval numbers

Image provided by

The Marriott Surfwatch Condominiums

Key Standards in Specifying Resilience

Specifying Metal Roof Performance

• ASTM

Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference

E413- Classification for Rating Sound Insulation

E795-Standard Practices for Mounting Test Specimens During Sound Absorption Tests

E1514 -Specification for Structural Standing Seam Steel Roof Panel Systems

E1592- Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Sheet Metal Roof & Siding Systems

• Static Air Pressure Difference

E1637 - Specification for Structural Standing Seam Aluminum Roof Panel Systems

E1646- Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Metal Roof Panel Systems

• Air Pressure Difference

E1680 –Standard Test Method for Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Metal Roof Panel Systems

• E2140 -Test Method for Water Penetration of Metal Roof Panel Systems by Static Water Pressure Head

Selecting Profiles for Specified Functional Performance

http://www.metalconstruction.org/download.php/education/tech_r

esources/metal_roofs/MCA_Roofing_Installation_Ch_10

Other Interlocking Profiles

Snap-Clad Panels feature 1-3/4” leg height and continuous interlock for improved structural performance and wind resistance

Case Study On Resilient Metal Roof

The University of South Carolina’s River Campus in Bluffton experts chose aluminum for its durability

“The roof had to meet hurricane wind loading, and we knew we could get that with aluminum.”

Testing To Ensure Resilient Performance

ASTM E2813-12 Standard for Building Enclosure Commissioning

Model Codes & Standards References

• International Building Code

• Local Building Code

• ASCE/SEI 7 – Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures

• UL – Building Materials Directory

• UL – Fire Resistance Directory

• ASHRAE, TIMA – Handbook of Fundamentals & Insulation Requirements

• SMACNA – Architectural Sheet Metal Manual, Gutter design and flashing details

• Federal Specification HH-I-521, (FS HH-I-558b)-[Fiberglass Insulation] (FS HH-I-1972) –Insulation Board Thermal Faced, Polyurethane or Polyisocyanurate

• FMRC – Approval Guide

• FMRC – Specification Tested Products Guide

• ANSI B18.6.4 – Steel Self-Tapping Screw Standard

• SAE J78 – Self Drilling Tapping Screws

• MCA Technical Bulletin – Fastener Selection Guidelines, 2008

• AAMA 501 – Method of Test for Metal Curtain Walls

Important Metal Roofing Code Changes

• Florida Building Code (6th Edition) went into effect December 31, 2017

• Section: 507.4 Metal roof panels

• PORTABLE ROLLFORMERS WILL REQUIRE 3RD PARTY QUALITY ASSURANCE ~

• Section: 507.4 Metal roof panels. The installation of metal roof panels shall comply with the provisions of this section. Metal roofing panels shall be factory or field manufactured in accordance with the manufactures’ Product Approval's specifications and limitations of use.

• Slopes less than 2:12 in Florida

• To remain in compliance with the Florida Building Code 5th Edition (2014) on projects outside of the High Velocity Hurricane Zone (NON-HVHZ) with roof slopes of less than 2:12 please be sure to utilize a 180° double-lock seam with sealant. Furthermore, any NOA reference to a minimum slope of 2:12 is strictly when using products within the High Velocity Hurricane Zone (HVHZ) region of Miami-Dade and Broward counties. See code reference below.

• Code reference: NON-HVHZ 1507.4.2(3) | HVHZ 1515.2.2

References For Metal Roofing Guide Specs

• Cool Metal Roofing by the Cool Metal Roofing Coalition

• Cool Metal Roofing Coalition’s What Is Cool Metal Roofing? http://www.coolmetalroofing.org

• Scott Kriner, LEED AP, president, Green Metal Consulting, Inc., Macungie, PA

• Katie Pedersen, AIA, CDT, LEED BD&C, associate and senior project manager, Perkins + Will, Atlanta, GA

• Eugene Bell, AIA, LEED AP BD+C, senior associate, Watson Tate Savory

• The Metal Initiative’s Cool Metal Roofs Help Put Lid on Rising Energy Costs page http://www.themetalinitiative.com

• Thomas Kikta, AIA, LEED AP BD+C, a member of the Building Envelope Services Team, Legat Architects, IL

Resource References