continuous improvement and innovation in measurement ... · tso network iot device metering...

Continuous improvement and innovation in measurement processes from a TSO point of view

Claudio Rodriguez SuarezGeneral Manager Enagás Transporte SAU

European Flow Measurement WorkshopBarcelona, 16th April 2018

Index1. About Enagás

2. Measurement processes from a TSO point of view

a) Past

b) Present

c) Future

3. Conclusions

Almost 50 years of experience

Technical Manager of Spain’s Gas System

European Union-accredited Independent TSO

Leader in natural gas infrastructuresOur technological skills, expertise, leadership and experience in managing gas infrastructure development, operation and maintenance, combined with our sound financial structure, position us as leading international player.

Top natural gas transmission company in Spain

A midstreamcompany

3

Where we are

LNGStorage TransmissionWhat we do

MexicoTLA Altamira LNG TerminalSoto La Marina Compressor StationMorelos Gas Pipeline

PeruTransportadora de Gas del Perú (TgP)Compañía Operadora de Gas del Amazonas (Coga)

ChileGNL Quintero LNG Terminal

Greece, Albania and ItalyTrans Adriatic Pipeline (TAP)

Spain11,000 km of gas pipelines6 LNG terminals (+2 in development)3 underground storage facilitites

SwedenSwedegas

4

Our activities. LNG

8 LNG terminals(+ 2 in development)

Spain

Mexico

Chile

TLA Altamira LNG Terminal (40%)300,000 m3 LNG800,000 m3 (n)/h

GNL Quintero LNG Terminal(majority shareholder) 334,000 m3 GNL625,000 m3 (n)/h

Canary Islands LNG terminals300,000 m3 LNG

Barcelona LNG Terminal760,000 m3 LNG1,950,000 m3 (n)/h

Huelva LNG Terminal619,500 m3 LNG1,350,000 m3 (n)/h

Cartagena LNG Terminal587,000 m3 LNG1,350,000 m3 (n)/h

El Musel LNG Terminal300,000 m3 LNG800,000 m3 (n)/h

Saggas LNG Terminal (72.5%)600,000 m3 LNG1,000,000 m3 (n)/h

One of the companies with more LNG terminals in the world

BBG LNG Terminal (50%)450,000 m3 LNG800,000 m3 (n)/h

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11,000 km of gas pipelines

19 compressor stations

6 international connections

Spain

Peru

México

Since 2011, we have partnered on

transmission projects outside

Spain

- Coga

Morelos

TAP

Soto La Marina

Suecia

Swedegas

Mexico

Sweden

Our activities. Transmission

ItalyAlbaniaGreece

6

GaviotaDepleted field

Off-shoreGas Total 2.68 bcm

SerrabloDepleted fieldOn-shoreGas Total 1.1 bcm

Yela*AquiferOn-shoreGas Total 1.95 bcm* Under development

Our activities. Underground Storage

7

From 1969… …….to 2018 and beyond

Capacity• 1st Company in capacity in Europe

• International activity since 2011 (Mexico, Chile, Peru, Sweden and Trans Adriatic Pipeline Project (TAP))

• 99% Availability

Flexibility + 10,000 OperationalSecurity

0 accidents

Innovation and leadership

Cargoes unloaded

+ 500,000LNG trucks reloaded

+ 250LNG cargoes reloaded

• First vessel loading at Huelva Terminal: January 1997.

• First LNG truck reloaded.

• First LNG fuel supply operation(pipe-to-ship bunkering) at Cartagena

Efficiency & Sustainability• 30%of total consumption (20 GWh) was of self

generated electricity.

• Reduced our carbon footprint by 5%.

• 20% Opex Reduction

And more…

The LNG infrastructure: Enagás

SGM 2.0



a) Past

b) Present

c) Future

3. Conclusions

FUTUREPRESENT

Adapting our measurement system management to infrastructure's growth, and new regulatory, technical and quality requirements …

Continuous development and innovation of measurement management

1969 1989 1993 1996 2000 2005 2006 2009 2011 2013 2016 2017

Barcelona LNG

Terminal

Huelva and Cartagena

LNG Terminal

First international connection (with France)

Maghreb-Europe gas pipeline and connection

with Portugal

Mainland-Balearic Island

offshore pipeline

Since 2011: Enagás

international expansion

1st USM in Enagás and

improvements in engineering

1st vessel reloaded in Huelva

Crisis: Lower LNG demand. Reloading new procedure, included in CTH 5.0

Enagás, leader in

reloads

Gas SystemTechnical

Management Rules. Enagás, System manager

Detail Protocols. Measurement

allocations, LNG (unloading, trucks), etc

Incentives to operators of LNG terminals and transmission networks

Restrictiveincentive to Enagás

Enagás, Technical Services Group

New laboratories

and ISO 17025 Quality System Certification

New standards turbines, ultrasonic:

AGA, ISO, CEN

Quality System ISO 9001 Measur. Process.

New laboratory LACAP and ISO 17025 Accred.

New EU standards & NC. Quality of gas, injection of Biomethane ,etc...

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PAST

UFG evolution: Clients measurement effect

Gas System TechnicalManagement Rules.

Enagás, System manager

Detail Protocols. Measurement allocations,

LNG (unloading, trucks), etc

Incentives to operators of LNG terminals and

transmission networks

Restrictiveincentive to

Enagás

Enagás, Technical

Services Group

2005 2006 2009 2011 2013 2016 2017

2002-2005 20062007

1st semester

2007

2nd semester

2008Jan/11-Oct

12-Oct 2008/Jan 2009

2009Feb/Dic

2010Jan/Sep

2010Oct/Dic

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

LNG Terminals 0.5% 0.45% 0.37% 0.31% 0.15% 0.05% 0.025% 0.025% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.01% 0.005% 0.005% 0.005% 0.005% 0.005%

Transmission 0.43% 0.35% 0.43% 0.07% 0.2% 0.2% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2%

UFG Coefficients

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The Spanish regulation is very demanding compared to other

European regulations



a) Past

b) Present

c) Future

3. Conclusions

1. Technologyevolution

2. Stations engineering,

O&M improvements

3.LNG improvements

4.Enagás laboratories(Zaragoza)

Measurement processes from a TSO point of view: Past

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1. Technology evolution

Analog instrumentation, analogI/O, data retrieval locally

Digital instrumentation, Smart transmitters, Serial and TCP/IP communications, management of centralized information

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AIM: To reduce systematic errors and uncertainty in energymeasurement

• Initially, stations with 1 to 3 runs with single meter, analog P&T instruments and flow correctors (mechanical), with or without GC in line (suitables for “in door” utilization only).

• Introduction of Ultrasonic meters –USM-(improvement in accuracy and operational issues, bidirectionallity), especially for most criticalmeasurement stations: international connections, underground storages, input to the network fromLNG terminals

• Introduction of improvements in gas chromatography (Gas sampling, Certified gas standards), with less uncertainty and shorter analysistime

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2. Stations engineering, O&M improvements (I/II)

• With USM, introduction of better station designs(redundancy of P&T and digital flow computers). Also in International Connections, with redundant GCs.

• Redundance was the milestone introducing SupervisorySystems in International Connections.

• Proprietary Enagás software VUM, implemented formetrological verification of flow computers, P&T loopsand GC. Developed also for performance supervision and predictive maintenance.

• Upgrading of gas chromatography to deal with gas qualityfor biogas/biomethane (sulphur compounds and Oxygen).

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2. Stations engineering, O&M improvements (II/II)

Funcionalidades SIMOSSupervisory Systems – International Connections

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LNG

• Sampling for GC, to get better uniformity and traceability for gas analysis. Launchingpilot project for LNG vaporizing and sampling succesfully.

• Development of a new procedure to improve energy determinationduring LNG tankers reloadings, included in Custody Transfer Handbook5.0

• Simulation of LNG ageing in ships (software MOLAS 2012)

• Mass measurement with Coriolis mass meters (small flow rates applications, LNG Bunkering)

Vaporizer

Coriolis mass meter

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3.LNG improvements

4. Enagás laboratories (Zaragoza)

• Since 2000, new requirements for QualityAssurance in measurements, so Enagás decides to build/upgrade laboratories foratmospheric air flow rate, P&T instrumentation, flow computers and gas analysis (GC), with ENAC Accreditation

• 2010: As international standards (and European MID directive) for Turbines and USM were updated, Enagás took the decission to build a new laboratory for gas flowmeters, using natural gas at high pressure (LACAP).

Currently LACAP is part of the MetrologicalInfrastructure in Spain and ENAC Accredited(ISO 17025)

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a) Past

b) Present

c) Future

3. Conclusions

2. MeteringStations notoperated by

TSO

3. UnstableFlows

1. Fall in demand

4. LNG terminalsbelow the

design speci-fications

5. Adaptationto new

Europeanstandards

6. FugitiveEmissions

Variations of natural gas demand and quality pose several challenges to TSOs:

Measurement processes from a TSO point of view: Present

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1. Fall in demand

Meters working under the transition (Qt) or minimum flow (Qmin), due to a fall in demand:metering stations are designed for the flow specified by the DSO or client downstream. The demandmight change during time or not reach the forecasts, therefore the installed meters remainoversized for the actual flows.

� Agreements between the TSO/DSO/client shall be settled.

� Reduction of the size of the meter.

� Mechanical modification of the lines as last option, as it is the most expensivealternative.

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2. Metering Stations not operated by TSO

Metering stations which are not owned or operated by the TSO:difficulty controlling measurement and verifications in those stations.

� Higher uncertainty than in metering stations operated by TSOstaff.

� Supervision & Control of these metering stations.

� Apply TSO procedures for verifications and calculations.

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3. Unstable Flows

Unstable flows: which can especially affect turbine meters, or the gas flow measurementuntil a stable flow is reached.

� Flow control downstream of the metering station.

� Switch from smaller to bigger line sizes according to the flow.

4. LNG terminals below the design specifications

LNG terminals operating below the design specifications, due to low demands.

� Management of large quantities of boil-off gas (BOG).

� Compression and measurement of the BOG before injecting it into the network.

� Use of Ultrasonic Meters which have a much higher dynamic range.

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5. Adaptation to new European standards

Adaptation to the new European standards and Network Codes relatedto gas quality, specifications and renewable gases (biomethane, hydrogen,etc.).

� Network Code on Interoperability and Data Exchange Rules(EU) 2015/703: measurement principles for gas quantities andquality, gas quality publication, odourisation practices, etc.

� EN 16726:Quality of Gas: harmonization at European level.

� EN 16723 (Part 1 & 2): Natural gas and biomethane for use intransport and biomethane for injection. Part 1 - specificationsfor biomethane for injection in the natural gas network. Part2 - Automotive fuel specifications.

� Future Wobbe Index range which might affect some LNGsupplies in the most restrictive scenarios. This will force theconditioning of the gas quality, increasing the costs for the gassystem.

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6. Fugitive emissions

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CH4

Improvements in 2017 LDAR campaign vs 2013-2015 campaign :

Ownemissionfactors

LDAR campaign internalised

Owntechnology

Methane emissions abated during the campaign

(334 tons of CH4)

860 leaking points were detected, after the economic and

technically viable repairs, 168 remaining points were leaking.

Detected emissions Remaining emissions

80%

425

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LDAR:Leak Detection and Repair

LDAR campaign – Next steps

Applied to all infrastructures

(3 years)

Based on CBA implemented best practices

Offsettingemissionswith carbon

credits



a) Past

b) Present

c) Future

3. Conclusions

New challenges

Measurement processes from a TSO point of view: Future

1. Digitization

2. Natural Gas Quality Tracking

3. LNG meters

4. Biome-thane and

H2

5. LNG Odorisation

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1. Digitization: SEA project

On-line measurement service platform

Telemetering service Health & Supervision

Validation & Substitution

Analytics & reporting

TSO network

IoT device

Metering stations

IoT device

IoT device

• SEA (Smart Energy Assets) is a project to apply artificial intelligence to the measurement process.• It relies on IoT devices to get real time high resolution measurement data. • The digitally signed values are processed by machine learning algorithms trained with historic data.• Metering station health is continuously monitored and data validated against expected behaviour.• In case of missing or faulty data the system will propose an alternative based on its own estimations.

TSO IT ecosystemWeather data providers

DSPs

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2. Natural Gas Quality Tracking (N.G.Q.T.)

N.G.Q.T.

ENTRY 1

EXIT 2

ENTRY 3ENTRY 2

EXIT 1

~ 400 metering stations

+ 100 gas chromatographs

~ 300 metering stations with no GC

Enagas Network

Virtual GasChromatograph

N.G.Q.T.

Virtual GC

Virtual GC

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3. LNG meters: VSL calibration facility

Calibration of LNG meters in the VSL calibration facility inorder to:

1. Increase the accuracy of LNG truck metering, currentlycarried out with weight scales.

2. Guarantee the energy transferred in small scaleoperations, like bunkering of LNG.

3. Future: custody transfer of loaded/unloaded LNG usingmeters installed in Enagas’ LNG terminals, instead of usingthe vessel’s tanks level. Currently used for checking in someLNG terminals but not for custody transfer purposes.

VSL Calibration facility layout

Coriolis meter used for bunkering or LNG truck loading (future)

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4. Other uses for pipelines

Biogas

Power to gas

H2

We must look beyond, and consider other uses for gas pipelines.

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4. Biomethane: Madrid’s Landfill (P.T. Valdemingómez)

Enagas’ targets:

1. Limit possible biomethane injection risks: on-lineand spot gas quality control. Emission of ConformityCertificates.

2. Facilitate and promote the injection in the highpressure network.

Continuous injection (since 2012):• Volume ~ 32.3 M (n)m3/h• Energy ~ 350 GWh

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The main obstacles were:

• The low concentration of O2 that was established in the nationalregulations (0.01). (It was necessary to change the regulation to0.3% to meet the required conditions)

• The risk associated with organic components:

� need to maintain dilution� flow control to avoid injection into UGS in aquifers

Our experience in Valdemingomez

4. Hydrogen

Main challenges:

• Gas quality: An H2 concentration of more than 10% is not recommended in the network. Both the Wobbeindex and the methane number must be controlled so as not to exceed the limit values of the network.

• Technical characteristics of the gases: Experimental mechanical tests on typical steels of natural gasnetworks (X52, X70) indicate that the natural gas network would allow mixtures of up to 50% vol. withoutseeing the mechanical properties of the pipes affected.

• Measurement: Deviation produced in the measurement systems: necessary to control gas quality andincorporate new devices for its determination.

• Maintenance and control program: must be adapted (extra cost of up to 10%).

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Model of Hydrogen Integration in the energy chain

Injection of H2 in the transport network

5. LNG Odorisation

Increase safety of transported LNG:

� Challenging, as odorants are solid at LNG temperature.

� Odorized LNG trucks, so we avoid odorant injection in satellite plants.

� Increased safety for gas used as fuel in trucks, bunkering, CNG from LNG, etc.

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Index

1. About Enagás


a) Past

b) Present

c) Future

3. Conclusions

Conclusions

1. Quality Certification of the Measurement Process, which began at the end of 2008 and entailsthe continuous improvement of the process.

2. Introduction and development of new technologies which have allowed Enagas to adapt tomore restrictive coefficients for unaccounted for gas and losses, as well as to unfavorableenvironmental conditions, such as the decrease in demand.

3. High investment levels in measurement issues allowing a reduction of the uncertainty inmeasurement.

4. Transversality of the process and establishment of management models for monitoring andcontinuous improvement: Measurement Operative Group, O&MGroups,Measurement Cluster.

5. Development of regulations to adapt to new environmental demands: Custody Transfer,quality control of biomethane for injection into networks, use of hydrogen, etc.

6. Creation of the Technical Measurement Services that allow responding to the needs of thecompany and the solution of complex problems.

7. Important future challenges, such as the opportunity of digitization, integration of new gasesfrom renewable sources, LNG as fuel, Gas Quality Tracking, etc.

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Thank you

continuous improvement and innovation in measurement ... · tso network iot device metering...

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