continuous lower federal aviation energy, emissions, and

Federal AviationAdministration

Continuous Lower

Energy, Emissions,

and Noise (CLEEN)

CLEEN Update and

CLEEN II Status

Presented to: ASCENT Advisory Committee Meeting

By: Jim Hileman, Ph.D.

Chief Scientific and Technical Advisor for

Environment and Energy

Federal Aviation Administration

Date: October 14, 2015


2

AEE Research OverviewCharacterize the Problem and Assess Risk:

• Improve our scientific understanding of E&E constraints

• Incorporate this scientific knowledge into an integrated tool suite that can characterize the system, assess the risk and inform development of potential mitigation options

Develop mitigation solutions:

• Airframe and engine technologies

• Sustainable alternative jet fuels

• Clean, quiet and energy efficient operational procedures

• Environmental standards and policy measures

Manage system performance:

• Integrated analysis that engages a wide range of stakeholders to understand the current and future state of the aviation system

• Utilize knowledge to provide guidance on system-wide environmental improvements


3

Boeing

• Ceramic Matrix

Composite Nozzle

• Adaptive Trailing Edge

• 5 year effort to accelerate technology commercialization

• Reduce aircraft fuel burn, emissions and noise

• Alternative jet fuel testing

• 50% cost share; total FAA budget: ~$125M

Continuous Lower Energy, Emissions and Noise (CLEEN)

General Electric

• Flight Management

System / Air Traffic

Integration

• Flight Management

System / Engine

Integration

• Twin Annual Pre-Swirled

(TAPS) II Low NOx

Combustor

• Open Rotor Engine

Pratt & Whitney

• Ultra-high Bypass

Ratio Geared Turbofan

Rolls-Royce

• Ceramic Matrix Composite

Blade Tracks

• Dual-Walled Turbine Airfoils

Honeywell

• Lighter weight, higher

temp engine


4

CLEEN Program Goals

CORNERS OF THE

TRADE SPACE

CLEEN (N+1)

(EIS 2015-18)

N+2

(2020)*

N+3

(2025)*

Noise

(cum below Stage 4)-32 dB -42 dB -71 dB

LTO NOx Emissions

(Below CAEP 6) -60% -75% better than -75%

Aircraft Fuel Burn -33% -50% better than -70%

Ref: B737/CFM56-7B

Develop and demonstrate (TRL 6-7) certifiable aircraft technology

* Technology Readiness Level for key technologies = 4-6

Ref: B777-200/GE-90

Advance use of “drop-in” renewable alternative fuels

Bio feedstock Processing

Jet fuel

5Federal AviationAdministration

Efforts that support Technology Maturation

Continuous Lower Energy, Emissions and Noise (CLEEN)

• Reduce aircraft fuel burn, emissions and noise through

technology & advance alternative jet fuels

• Public private partnership with 1:1 minimum cost share

requirement – Federal funding at $125M

• Enable industry to expedite introduction of novel

technologies into current and future aircraft and engines

• Maturation from TRL 3-5 concluding in major demonstrations

at TRL 6 or 7 (ground engine or flight test)

Aviation Sustainability Center (ASCENT)

• Center of Excellence for Alternative Jet Fuels & Environment

• Providing independent assessment of environmental benefits

from CLEEN technology introduction


6

Boeing CLEEN Technologies

Adaptive Trailing Edge

Up to 2% fuel burn reduction, -1.5dB

cumulative EPNdB noise reduction.

Ceramic Matrix Composite Acoustic Nozzle

Up to 1% fuel burn reduction

Noise attenuation on parity or better than

metallic nozzle.

Photo: Bob Ferguson

Images courtesy of Boeing

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Ceramic Matrix

Composite Nozzle

Ground Test (TRL 6)

Adaptive Trailing Edge Flight

Demonstration (TRL 7)

Ceramic Matrix

Composite Nozzle

Flight Test (TRL 7)


7

GE CLEEN Technologies (1 of 2)

TAPS II Low NOx CombustorDemonstrated in rig and core engine test > 60% NOx margin to

CAEP/6, exceeding CLEEN goal. – 2016 EIS with ~8000 orders

Open Rotor Fan Blade Development~26% reduction in fuel burn (re: 737-800) and ~15-17EPNdB

cumulative noise margin to Stg. 4

Images courtesy of GE Aviation

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Core Test of TAPS II

Combustor (TRL 6)

Open Rotor Wind

Tunnel Tests (TRL 5)

TAPS II 2016 EIS with

~8000 orders


8

GE CLEEN Technologies (2 of 2)

FMS/ATM IntegrationBenefits assessment ongoing.

FMS/Engine Control Integration• Adaptive engine control

• Vehicle health management

• Flight-propulsion control

Benefits assessment ongoing.

Ongoing Activities: • Engine and flight testing

Images courtesy of GE Aviation and Aviation Systems

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

FMS/Engine

Technology Logic

Design CompleteFMS/Engine Effort

Complete Q1 2016

Completed Dynamic

Quiet Climb and

Wind Input

Optimization Tasks

Completed Trajectory

Synchronization

Simulation (TRL 6)


9

Honeywell CLEEN Technologies

High

Temperature

Impeller

• Low leakage air-air seals

• Advanced materials

Engine Core Fuel Burn Reduction

Technologies

5% fuel burn reduction as part

of a 15.7% fuel burn reduction

engine package.

Alternative Jet Fuels

• Completed study on impact of

aromatics on materials

• Completed biofuel life cycle

analyses with MIT

Images courtesy of Honeywell

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Core Engine Testing

of High T3 Impeller

Final CLEEN Engine

Test (TRL 6) for All

TechnologiesEarly Engine Test

Opportunities (Some

Technologies to TRL 6)


10

Pratt & Whitney CLEEN Technologies

Ground Test

Wind Tunnel Tests

Ultra High Bypass Geared Turbofan with

Advanced Fan System

Technologies expand design space

for engine with ~ 20% fuel burn

reduction, 25 EPNdB cumulative

noise margin to Stage 4

Alternative Jet Fuels

• Engine and combustor testing of

alternative jet fuels from multiple

production pathways

Images courtesy of Pratt & Whitney

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Ultra High Bypass

Rig Test with

Advanced Fan Exit

Guide Vanes

Integrated Ultra High

Bypass Rig DemoCLEEN Engine

Design Complete

CLEEN Engine

Test Q1 2016


11

Rolls-Royce CLEEN Technologies

Dual Wall Turbine Airfoils + CMC Blade Tracks

CMC blade tracks offer > 50% reduction in

cooling and component weight.

Dual Wall turbine airfoils provide > 20%

reduction in cooling and increased operating

temperature capability.

CLEEN technologies provide ~1% fuel burn

reduction

Novel Alternative Fuels Project• Lab, rig, and APU testing complete

Images courtesy of Rolls-Royce

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

Dual Wall Vane Rig

TestingCMC Blade Tracks

Engine Test 1

Dual Wall Vane

Engine Test Mid-

2016

CMC Blade Tracks

Engine Test 2 (TRL 6)


12

Benefits of CLEEN Program:

Demonstrated technologies that reduce noise, emissions and fuel burn

12

General Electric

TAPS II Combustor (entering fleet in 2016)

CLEEN 60% margin to CAEP/6 LTO NOx was achieved

FMS/Engine and FMS/ATM Integration

Up to 2% fuel burn reduction from FMS/engine

0.7% fuel burn reduction from trajectory synchronization

Additional benefits being assessed

Open Rotor

~26% reduction in fuel burn (re: 737-800) and

~15-17EPNdB cumulative noise margin to Stage 4

Rolls Royce

Ceramic Matrix Composite Turbine Blade Track

> 50% reduction in cooling and component weight.

Rolls-Royce – Dual Wall Turbine Airfoil

> 20% reduction in cooling and increased operating

temperature capability.

CLEEN tech will provide ~1% fuel burn reduction

Boeing

Adaptive Trailing Edge

~ 2% fuel burn reduction

~ -1.5dB cum in some single and twin aisles

CMC Acoustic Nozzle

~ 1% fuel burn reduction

Parity or better noise reduction compared with

treated metallic hot structure

Honeywell

Fuel Burn Technologies

CLEEN technologies contributed to ~5% fuel

burn reduction as part of a 15.7% fuel burn

reduction engine package

Pratt & Whitney

Geared Turbofan Technologies

CLEEN techs expand design space for engine

with ~ 20% fuel burn reduction, 25 EPNdB

cumulative noise margin to Stage 4 12


13

CLEEN II Program Details:• Reducing environmental impacts via aircraft technology and alternative jet fuels

• Five year effort to accelerate technology maturation (2015-2020)

• 50% cost share; total FAA budget: ~$100M

Aircraft Technology Maturation

Continuous Lower Energy, Emissions & Noise II (CLEEN II)

CLEEN II Program Goals:• 32 dB1 cumulative noise reduction

• 70%2 landing/take-off NOx emissions reduction

• 40%1 fuel burn reduction

Conducting ground and/or flight test

demonstrations of certifiable aircraft

technologies with entry into service by

2026

Based on 5-year cost share

agreements with industry Benefits in all goal areas: noise, NOX, & fuel burn

Many planned technologies targeting multiple

areas simultaneously.

1 Common baseline with CLEEN I goals2 70% reduction in landing and take-off NOx relative to the CAEP/8 standard (75% reduction relative to CLEEN I CAEP/6 baseline).

Awardees:• Aurora Flight Sciences

• Boeing

• Delta Tech Ops, America’s Phenix, MDS Coating

Technologies

• General Electric (GE) Aviation§

• Honeywell Aerospace

• Pratt & Whitney

• Rolls-Royce

• Rohr, Inc. / UTC Aerospace Systems


14

CLEEN II Program Technologies

Company Technology

Aurora Flight Services D8 Double-Bubble Fuselage

Boeing Structurally Efficient Wing

Delta Tech Ops, America’s

Phenix, MDS Coating

Technologies

Protective Coating on Leading Edge of Gas Turbine Engine Fan Blades

General Electric (GE) Aviation* TAPS III Combustor, More Electric Systems and Technologies for

Aircraft in the Next Generation (MESTANG), Flight Management

System / Engine Integration Technologies, Alternative Jet Fuel Test and

Evaluation

Honeywell Aerospace Compact, Low Emissions Radial In-Flow Combustor (SABER) and

Advanced Turbine Blade Outer Air Seal System

Pratt & Whitney* Compressed Aero-Efficiency Technologies and Turbine Thermal and

Aero-Efficiency Technologies

Rolls-Royce* CSD Low NOx Combustor and Alternative Jet Fuel Test and Evaluation

Rohr, Inc. /

UTC Aerospace Systems

Integrated Thrust Reverser

* Contract terms and conditions are being finalized


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Press Releases


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In Summary

• CLEEN* has successfully

accelerated aircraft technology

development to reduce noise,

emissions and fuel burn

• CLEEN has helped and is helping

to accelerate alternative jet fuel

development

• FAA have initiated CLEEN II

* For more information on the CLEEN Program, its benefits, and

accomplishments to date, please see the CLEEN Program Fact Sheet at

http://www.faa.gov/news/fact_sheets/news_story.cfm?newsId=16814

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