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IAEA Bulletin, December 2013, Chinese Edition

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Page 1: Contributing to Peace, Health & Prosperity, Chinese Edition
Page 2: Contributing to Peace, Health & Prosperity, Chinese Edition
Page 3: Contributing to Peace, Health & Prosperity, Chinese Edition
Page 4: Contributing to Peace, Health & Prosperity, Chinese Edition

2 | 54-4 | 2013 12

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54-4 | 2013 12 | 5

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Page 37: Contributing to Peace, Health & Prosperity, Chinese Edition

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Page 40: Contributing to Peace, Health & Prosperity, Chinese Edition

38 | 《国际原子能机构通报》54-4 | 2013年12月

监 测 我 们 赖 以 生 存 的 环 境

我们对自然资源的滥用、污染和气候变化,正在削弱自然系统适应更多压力来

源的能力。事实上各种环境之间具有很大的相互联系性,一种环境的污染对所有环

境具有影响。因此,为确保可持续的未来,对我们的环境的健康状况进行监测很重

要。

虽然我们的地球70%被水覆盖,但是可饮用的淡水储备非

常有限和宝贵。原子能机构利用同位素技术提取淡水 “指纹”,

了解淡水独特的水文学特征,例如年龄、运动、补给率、路径

等。这些信息能够使决策者负责任地利用淡水储备。可以识别

污染源,为指导决策者管理这一宝贵的资源提供帮助。

地球最大的资源是海洋,为全球数十亿人提供氧

气、食物和生计。原子能机构对海洋健康状况进行广

泛监测。科学工作者利用放射性示踪剂和其他同位素

技术跟踪海洋污染物的来源和去向,并预测其未来影

响。

Page 41: Contributing to Peace, Health & Prosperity, Chinese Edition

《国际原子能机构通报》54-4 | 2013年12月 | 39

监 测 我 们 赖 以 生 存 的 环 境原子能机构通过其环境实验室、水资源计划和技术合作计划,应用独特、多

功能和成本效益好的同位素和核技术来了解确保可持续未来所需的许多重要环境机

制。这些监测系统有助于成员国作出对生态负责任和有科学根据的发展决定。

我们的大气层保护我们免受辐射的伤害,在全球范围内传

递热量,提供生命所需的淡水,大气的化学组成是全球气候变

化的主要动因。原子能机构与世界气象组织合作,利用同位素

追踪大气中水的运动。从示踪同位素中收集的数据输入到一个

数据库,以帮助我们增加对降水的了解,并且作为制订世界较

干旱地区的计划的宝贵工具。

用于环境影响评定的最有效工具包括了解放射性核素迁移及辐射

对陆地和海洋生态系统影响的先进分析技术。原子能机构负责对环境

放射性测量分析实验室的国际网路进行协调,在发生放射性释放或排

放时,向成员国提供准确和快速的放射性核素分析。原子能机构的主

要服务包括为世界范围内数百个分析试验室提供质量控制和校准的手

段,以确保用于做出负责任的决策的数据的可靠性。

Page 42: Contributing to Peace, Health & Prosperity, Chinese Edition

40 | 《国际原子能机构通报》54-4 | 2013年12月

全球气候变化正在使极地和积雪覆盖的山峰发生变化;这些资源代表

数亿人所依赖的大量和宝贵的淡水储备。原子能机构通过协助成员国开发一

个同位素利用项目以更好地了解永久冻土的消失、冰川后退和全球山积雪减

少,正在为全球努力做出贡献。

当前,全球二氧化碳排放导致海洋酸

化,对海洋生物造成巨大压力,并对海产品

资源的未来构成威胁。原子能机构运营的海

洋酸化国际协调中心致力于海洋酸化全球行

动的交流、促进和推动工作。

文字:原子能机构新闻处Michael Madsen 照片:iStockphoto.com

40 | 《国际原子能机构通报》54-4 | 2013年12月

Page 43: Contributing to Peace, Health & Prosperity, Chinese Edition

54-4 | 2013 12 | 41

13-4943 ISSN 1011-257X

Luis J. Araguás Araguás

Carl Michael Blackburn

Aabha Dixit

Elisabeth Dyck

Brian P. Forster

Jorge Hendrichs

Sasha Henriques

Rafael Argiles Herrero

Joanna Izewska

Peter Kaiser

Pierre Jean Laurent Lagoda

Bruna Lecossois

Michael Amdi Madsen

Victor Mezapov

Najat Mokhtar

Andrew Parker

Thomas Pascual

Hazel Pattison

Louise Potterton

Elisabeth Röhrlich

Rodolfo Quevenco

Christine Slater

Hermann Unger

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42 | 54-4 | 2013 12