contributions towards a monograph of xyridaceae: a revised nomenclature of abolboda

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CONTRIBUTIONS TOWARDS A MONOGRAPH OFXYRIDACEAE A REVISED NOMENCLATURE OFABOLBODAAuthor(s) Lisa M CampbellSource Harvard Papers in Botany 10(2)137-145 2005Published By Harvard University HerbariaDOI httpdxdoiorg1031001043-4534(2005)10[137CTAMOX]20CO2URL httpwwwbiooneorgdoifull1031001043-453428200529105B1373ACTAMOX5D20CO3B2

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Xyridaceae are a moderate-sized family ofpetaloid monocots presently included in thebroadly defined Poales (commelinidsAngiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG II 2003)The family comprises Xyris (ca 360 spp) dis-tributed throughout tropical and subtropicalregions and four small genera confined tonorthern South America Abolboda (23 sppextending to 23degS) Achlyphila (1 sp)Aratitiyopea (1 sp) and Orectanthe (2 spp)

Xyris is most diverse in South America (ca232 spp) and exhibits high levels of endemismon the Guiana and Brazilian Shields The genuswas monographed by Malme (1913a 1913b1913c 1927) More recent contributions havebeen regional treatments that have broadenedour understanding of the diversity and distribu-tion of the genus (Campbell 2004) and includeaccounts for North America (Kral 2000)Central America (Kral 1994a) Cuba (Urquiolaand Kral 2000) northern South America (Kral1988 1994b 1999 in prep Kral andWanderley 1995) Brazil (Wanderley 19811987 1989 1992 in prep) Cameroon (Lewis1981) central Africa (Lisowski et al 2001)tropical east Africa (Lock 1999) southernAfrica (Lewis and Obermeyer 1985 Lock1999) parts of tropical Asia (Rao and Berma

1974 Yang 1978 Hansen 1979 1983 1987Kahn and Ara 1991 Wijesundara 2000) andAustralia (Doust and Conn 1994 Conn andDoust 1997)

Humboldt (Humboldt and Bonpland 1809)established Abolboda for a single species Priorto The New York Botanical Gardenrsquos ldquoBotanyof the Guayana Highlandsrdquo series (Maguire andCollaborators 1953ndash1989) fewer than half ofthe currently recognized species had beendescribed Currently the Guiana Shield has thehighest diversity of Abolboda including 20endemic species (Fig 1) Species of Abolbodaoccur from 100 m to over 2000 m in seasonallywet oligotrophic habitats especially whitesand savannas drained by black water riversand high elevation boggy meadows

Much of the modern work on New WorldXyridaceae has been done by Robert Kralincluding a taxonomic treatment of Abolboda(together with Achlyphila Aratitiyopea andOrectanthe Kral 1992) that recognized 21species and 12 varieties Subsequent field-ori-ented biological studies of Xyridaceae (egCampbell 2004 Campbell and Stevenson inpress) have resulted in the following revision ofthe nomenclature of Abolboda and the raisingof one variety to the rank of species

CONTRIBUTIONS TOWARDS A MONOGRAPH OF XYRIDACEAE A REVISED NOMENCLATURE OF ABOLBODA

LISA M CAMPBELL1

Abstract Abolboda (Xyridaceae) is a small genus confined to northern South America where it occurs in olig-otrophic wet habitats Many taxa of Abolboda are endemic and appear to be ecologically specialized A revisednomenclature is presented that recognizes 23 species and 11 varieties Abolboda acicularis var granularis is ele-vated to the rank of species (as A granularis)

Resumen Abolboda (Xyridaceae) es un geacutenero confinado a Sud Ameacuterica donde se encuentra en ambienteshuacutemedos y oligotroacuteficos Muchos taxones de Abolboda son endeacutemicos y parecen ser especializados ecoloacutegica-mente Se presenta una nomenclatura revisada que reconoce 23 especies y 11 variedades Abolboda acicularisvar granularis se eleva al rango de especies (como A granularis)

Keywords Abolboda Guiana shield Xyridaceae

I am grateful to the curators and staff of the following herbaria for allowing me to study their collections A B-W BMBR C COAH COL F FI G GH GOET HAL K L M MG MO MYF NY P PORT S SEL SP TFAV U US andVEN I thank H Morgan-Porter for assistance with preparation of the map D Boufford for valuable comments on an earlier draft and J L Reveal K N Gandhi and G A Romero-Gonzaacutelez for kindly discussing nomenclatorial problemsThe ultimate taxonomic decisions including any errors are my own

1The New York Botanical Garden Bronx New York 10458 USA E-mail lcampbellnybgorg

Harvard Papers in Botany Vol 10 No 2 2005 pp 137ndash145copy President and Fellows of Harvard College 2005

Abolboda Humb in Humb amp Bonpl PlAequinoct 2 25 pl 114 1809 TYPESPECIES Abolboda pulchella HumbSynonyms Chloerum Willd ex Link Jahrb

Gewaumlchsk 1 pt 3 74 1820 nom invallacking a latin description Abolbodainermis Link Jahrb Gewaumlchsk 1 pt 374 1820 nom inval lacking a latindescription Jupica Raf Fl Tellur 2 15 1836 [1837]TYPE SPECIES Jupica caerulea Raflsquocerulearsquo

Jupica Raf is derived from the Brazilian col-loquial name lsquoIupicairsquo for species of Xyris(Piso 1648)

Jupica caerulea Raf is a superfluous namefor Xyris americana Aubl (=Abolboda ameri-cana (Aubl) Malme ex Lanj)

Poarchon Mart ex Seub pro syn inMart Fl Bras 3 1 223 1855 TYPESPECIES Poarchon caerulea Mart exSeub lsquocoerulearsquo

1 Abolboda abbreviata Malme Ark Bot19(13) 5 1924 TYPE BRAZIL ParaacuteCampos de Ariamba 5 July 1912 A Ducke11895 (Lectotype designated by Kral 1992 Sphotograph NY Isolectotypes K MG [nv]NY RB [nv] U [nv] US [2 sheets])

The collection date ldquo5-7-1912rdquo was con-firmed as 5 July 1912 in Egler (1963)

2 Abolboda acaulis Maguire Bull Torrey BotClub 75 191 1948 TYPE GUYANAKaieteur Plateau 30 April 1944 B Maguire amp

138 HARVARD PAPERS IN BOTANY Vol 10 No 2

FIGURE 1 Distribution map of Abolboda Numbers indicate the number of species of Abolboda collectedwithin a one degree square Highest recorded species diversity is on white sand savannas of southwesternVenezuela

ABOLBODA HUMB

D B Fanshawe 23096 (Holotype NY IsotypesBR F [nv] GH K MO NY S US VEN)

2a Abolboda acaulis Maguire var acaulis

2b Abolboda acaulis Maguire var scaposa KralAnn Missouri Bot Gard 79 825 1992 TYPEVENEZUELA Boliacutevar sandy seeps aroundrocks at edge of rapateaceous savanna by roadca 15 km E of Kavanayeacuten 1200 m 27 July1983 R Kral amp A C Gonzaacutelez 70537 (Holo-type VEN [nv] Isotypes F GH K MO NY)

The holotype cited by Kral in the protologuehas not been located

3 Aboloda acicularis Idrobo amp L B SmCaldasia 6(29) 250 1954 TYPE COLOM-BIA Vaupeacutes Yapoboda 10 December 1943 PH Allen 3150 (Holotype US Isotypes COLMO NY)

4 Abolboda americana (Aubl) Malme exLanj Recueil Trav Bot Neerl 34 492 1937Basionym Xyris americana Aubl Hist Pl

Guiane 3 40 1775 TYPE FRENCHGUIANA lsquoHabitat in locis paludosispraefertim Macouria florebat DecembrirsquoJ B C Aublet sn (Lectotype designatedby Kral 1992 P Isolectotype BM)

Synonyms Xyris caerulea Lam Tabl Encycl1 132 1791 t 36 f 1 nom superfl

Abolboda aubletii Kunth Enum Pl 428 1843 nom superfl (nec syn Xyrisjupicai Rich) Jupica caerulea Raflsquocerulearsquo Fl Tellur 2 15 1836 [1837]Abolboda americana (Aubl) A CastGen Sp Pl Argent 3 471945 nomsuperfl

Abolboda imberbis HBK Nov GenSp 6 256 1815 [1816] Abolboda iner-mis Link Jahrb Gewaumlchsk 3 pt 1 741833 nom inval lacking a latin descrip-tion Chloerum imberbe Willd ex SteudNom ed 2 1 2 1840 pro syn Chloerumgramineum Willd ex Kunth Enum Pl 427 1843 pro syn Abolboda americana(Aubl) Malme ex Lanj var imberbis(HBK) Maguire Bull Torrey Bot Club75 193 1948 TYPE VENEZUELAAmazonas lsquocrescit in arenosis Guayanaead flumen Atabapo Floret Majorsquo FA Humboldt amp A Bonpland 1099(Lectotype designated here B-WWilldenow 1068)

Linkrsquos epithet inermis (unarmed) is probablya transcription mistake of imberbe (unbearded)referring to the lack of bearded staminodes typ-ical of most species of Xyris Although Linkapplied the epithet to Abolboda he referred thespecies to his new genus Chloerum

Abolboda poeppigii Kunth Enum Pl 427 1843 TYPE BRAZIL lsquoRio ParaacutePoeppig in herb Lucaeanorsquo

The collection cited by Kunth (1843) wasoriginally identified as Abolboda imberbis

Kral (1992) cited E F Poeppig 2993 as thetype but did not formally designate a lectotypeLanjouw (1937) cited a possible Poeppig col-lection (sn B) given to Kunth by LucaeLucaersquos herbarium at KIEL (see de Candolle1880 Stafleu and Cowan 1981 179) wasdestroyed (H Usinger pers comm see alsoStafleu and Cowan 1981 179) Lectotypifica-tion will follow study of material at B

5 Abolboda bella Maguire Mem NewYork BotGard 10(1) 15 1958 TYPE VENEZUELAAmazonas Yapacana Savanna III 125 m 17March 1953 B Maguire amp J J Wurdack 34514(Holotype NY Isotypes NY S US VEN)

6 Abolboda ciliata Maguire amp Wurdack MemNew York Bot Gard 10(1) 17 1958 TypeVENEZUELA Amazonas Cerro de la Neblinain boggy open cumbre savanna 5 km westCumbre Camp 1900 m 6 January 1954 BMaguire J J Wurdack amp G S Bunting 37132(Holotype NY Isotypes NY US VEN)

7 Abolboda dunstervillei Maguire ex KralAnn Missouri Bot Gard 79 851 1992TYPE VENEZUELA Amazonas summit ofCerro Avispa Riacuteo Siapa 1˚30N 65˚51W 5December 1972 G C K amp E Dunsterville sn(Holotype NY Isotype VEN)

8 Abolboda ebracteata Maguire amp WurdackMem New York Bot Gard 10(1) 17 1958TYPE VENEZUELA Amazonas YapacanaSavanna III 125 m 31 December 1950 BMaguire R S Cowan amp J J Wurdack 30469(Holotype NY Isotypes NY S US VEN)

8a Abolboda ebracteata Magurie amp Wurdackvar ebracteata

2005 CAMPBELL NOMENCLATURE OF ABOLBODA 139

8b Abolboda ebracteata Maguire amp Wurdackvar brevifolia Maguire Mem New York BotGard 10(5) 8 1964 TYPE VENEZUELAAmazonas Sabana de Moyo right hand bankof Riacuteo Orinoco 10 km above mouth of RiacuteoVentuari 125 m 31 July 1959 J J Wurdack ampL S Adderley 43689 (Holotype NY IsotypesGH M NY S US VDB [nv])

9 Abolboda egleri L B Sm amp Downs ProcBiol Soc Wash 73 258 1960 TYPEBRAZIL Paraacute Ererreri Rio Cururuacute region ofthe upper Rio Tapajoacutes 8 February 1960 W AEgler amp Raimundo 1271 (Holotype USIsotypes MG NY [2 sheets])

10 Abolboda timesglomerata Maguire (pro sp)Mem New York Bot Gard 10(1) 14 1958TYPE VENEZUELA Amazonas SabanaVenado left bank Cantildeo Pimichiacuten affluent RiacuteoGuainiacutea 140 m 14 April 1953 B Maguire ampJ J Wurdack 35593 (Holotype NY IsotypesUS VEN)

Abolboda timesglomerata is a delicate-leavedrhizomatous Abolboda with a congestedbranched inflorescence that appears to produceonly bracts and sepals (Maguire 1958 Kral1992 pers obs) Kral (1992) interpreted it tobe sterile hybrid and proposed A linearifoliaand A macrostachya var macrostachya asputative parents At the time of his revisionKral (1992) knew only of specimens from thetype locality however there is another simi-larly sterile collection (J A Steyermark et al113831 VEN) from approximately 740 kmnorth-northeast of the type locality Abolbodalinearifolia is known from only a few localitiesbut is proximate to both populations of Atimesglomerata which is morphologically moresimilar to A grandis than to A macrostachya

11 Abolboda grandis Griseb Linnaea 21 2811848 TYPE SURINAM lsquoIn arenosis propeJoden-Savanna (Cordonpad) fl Novembrirsquo HA Kegel 1131 (Holotype GOET)

11a Abolboda grandis Griseb var grandisSynonyms Abolboda grandis Griseb var minor

Spruce ex Malme Bih Kongl SvenskaVetensk-Akad Handl 26 Afd 3(19) 141901 TYPE BRAZIL lsquoProvincia RioNegro (nunc Alto Amazonas) prope Baras Manaos July 1851rsquo R Spruce 1654(Holotype K Isotypes BM BR NY S[fragment])

Abolboda grandis Griseb forma angusti-folia Miq Stirp Surinam Select 2181851 TYPE F W Hostmann 1319(Holotype GOET Isotype GH)

11b Abolboda grandis Griseb var rigidaMalme Bull Torrey Bot Club 58 326 1931(Abolboda grandis lsquoMiqrsquo var rigida Malme)TYPE VENEZUELA Amazonas [CerroDuida] Brocchinia Hills 1500 m (ldquo4500 ftrdquo)G H H Tate 586 (Holotype NY Isotypes FNY S [fragment])Synonyms Abolboda rigida (Malme)

Steyerm Fieldiana Bot 28 105 1951non Abolboda rigida Gleason 1929Abolboda gleasoniana SteyermFieldiana Bot 28 820 1957 nom novbased on Abolboda rigida (Malme)Steyerm Abolboda pervaginata Malme Ark Bot25A (12) 16 1933 TYPE BRAZILParaacute Campos de Ariamba in regionemedii fluminis Trombetas in uliginosisfrequentissime 12 April 1910 A Ducke11352 [MG 18967] (Lectotype desig-nated by Kral 1992 S Isolectotypes G[photograph NY] K MG RB [nv] SUS)Abolboda grandis var guayanensisMaguire Mem New York Bot Gard10(1) 8 1958 TYPE VENEZUELAAmazonas Cerro Sipapo CampoGrande 1500 m 8 December 1948 BMaguire amp L Politi 27561 (HolotypeNY Isotypes NY S US VEN)

12 Abolboda granularis (Maguire) L MCampb amp Kral stat et comb novBasionym Abolboda acicularis var granularis

Maguire Mem New York Bot Gard10(1) 17 1958 TYPE VENEZUELAAmazonas Sabana Venado left bankCantildeo Pimichiacuten above Puerto Pimichiacuten140 m 23 November 1953 B MaguireJ J Wurdack amp G S Bunting 36341(Holotype NY Isotypes S US VEN)

Abolboda granularis differs from A acicu-laris in having strongly pappilate leaf epidermialcells usually once-branched inflorescences thepresence of three staminodia the ovary apexstrongly pappilate (Fig 2) and two of the threegynoecium appendages erect and borne on topof the ovary (vs pendulous and occuring alongthe style) Populations occur at low-elevation


on white sand in openings of tall bana and areknown only from the states of Guainiacutea andVaupeacutes Colombia and the adjacent state ofAmazonas Venezuela Abolboda granularisand A acicularis are small species with rela-tively long peduncles and white corollas Theyare sympatric and often occur with otherspecies of Abolboda

13 Abolboda killipii Lasser Bol Soc VenezCi Nat 9 (59) 178 1944 TYPEVENEZUELA Boliacutevar sabanas fangosascerca del Riacuteo Tonoro Alto Paragua 20 August1943 F Cardona 832 (Holotype VENIsotypes F NY US)Synonym Abolboda psammophila Maguire

Bull Torrey Bot Club 75 193 1948TYPE Surinam West side of railwayZanderij II 3 June 1944 B Maguire ampG Stahel 23667 (Holotype NYIsotypes A NY U [nv])

14 Abolboda linearifolia Maguire Mem NewYork Bot Gard 10(1) 14 1958 TYPEVENEZUELA Amazonas Yapacana SavannaIII 125 m 31 December 1950 B Maguire RS Cowan amp J J Wurdack 30468 (HolotypeNY Isotypes F M NY S US VEN)

15 Abolboda macrostachya Spruce ex MalmeBih Kongl Svenska Vetensk-Akad Handl 26

Afd 3(19) 15 1901 TYPE VENEZUELAAmazonas prope Esmeralda ad flumenOrenoco 18 December 1853 R Spruce 3229(Lectotype designated by Kral 1992 SIsolectotypes BM [photograph NY] BR FGOET K [2 sheets photograph NY] NY P[nv] S [fragment] W [nv photographs FMO])

The lectotype specimen is a fragment (ldquoexorigrdquo) including fruit parts seeds and a bractfrom the peduncle or a part of a leaf

15a Abolboda macrostachya Spruce ex Malmevar macrostachya

15b Abolboda macrostachya Spruce ex Malmevar angustior Maguire Mem New York BotGard 10(1) 10 1958 TYPE VENEZUELAAmazonas Cantildeo Pimichiacuten affluent of RiacuteoGuainiacutea Sabana Venado 140 m 23 November1953 B Maguire J J Wurdack amp G SBunting 36342 (Holotype NY Isotypes GHM NY S US VEN)

Plants of Abolboda macrostachya var angus-tifolia do not form hummocks as do those ofthe type variety Abolboda macrostachya varangustifolia is distinguished by its narrowleaves and the obtuse (vs acute) carpel apices(Fig 3) This variety is known from only a fewpopulations that occur on seasonally inundatedwhite sand savannas


FIGURE 2 Scanning electron micrographs of ovary apices A Abolboda acicularis (L M Campbell 667NY) B Abolboda granularis (L M Campbell 625 NY) (Arrows abaxial gynoecium appendage Scale barsA = 025 mm B = 0125)

15c Abolboda macrostachya Spruce ex Malmevar robustior Steyerm Fieldiana Bot 28 1041951 TYPE VENEZUELA Boliacutevar GranSabana between Mission of Santa Teresita deKavanayeacuten northwest to Riacuteo Karuai on largemesa 1220 m 26 October 1944 J ASteyermark 59349 (Lectotype designated hereF [ldquosheet 1rdquo] Isotype F [ldquosheet 2rdquo]

I have not located the isolectotype cited byKral (1992) as being at VEN Synonyms Abolboda rigida Gleason Bull

Torrey Bot Club 56 16 1929 TYPEldquoBRITISH GUIANArdquo [GUYANA] With-out precise locality R H Schomburgk146S (Lectotype designated by Kral1992 K right-hand element)

The protologue cites the collection number aslsquo1465rsquo Robert Schomburgkrsquos lsquoSrsquo collectionseries denotes a collection of only a singlespecimen the letter lsquoSrsquo is often mistaken for thenumber five (van Dam 2002)

Abolboda excelsa Malme Ark Bot 25A(12) 16 1933 TYPE VENEZUELABoliacutevar Riacuteo Cuquenan [Kukenaacuten] lsquoinpaludibus ad Quewewodarsquo February1910 E Ule 8545 (Lectotype designatedby Kral 1992 K Isolectotypes L [nv]MG [photograph NY] S [fragment])

The type of A excelsa (E Ule 8545) wasreferred to A macrostachya Spruce ex Malmeby Malme in 1914 This reference was subse-quently listed in a format similar to synonymy(Malme 1933) resulting in an erroneousauthor citation for the latter species as Malmeex Pilger 1914 non Spruce ex Malme 1901

16 Abolboda minima Maguire Mem NewYork Bot Gard 10(5) 7 1964 TYPEVENEZUELA Amazonas Riacuteo AtabapoSabana Manacal 15 km above Guarinumo125ndash140 m 12 June 1959 J J Wurdack amp LS Adderley 42977 (Holotype NY IsotypesGH NY S US VEN)

17 Abolboda neblinae Maguire Mem NewYork Bot Gard 17 80 1967 TYPEVENEZUELA Boliacutevar Cerro de la Neblina 2km east of Boundary Marker No 4 1November 1965 B Maguire J M Pires amp CK Maguire 60523 (Holotype NY Isotypes FGH K M NY S UB [nv] US VEN)

The type-set specimen labels give Brazil asthe country and include C K Maguire as oneof the collectors but the protologue citeslsquoVenezuelarsquo as the country and lsquoNilo T Silvarsquorather than C K Maguire

18 Abolboda paniculata Maguire Mem NewYork Bot Gard 10(1) 10 1958 TYPEVENEZUELA Amazonas Cerro Paruacute 2000 m10 February 1951 R S Cowan amp J J Wurdack31387 (Holotype NY Isotypes US VEN)

19 Abolboda poarchon Seub in Martius FlBras 3(1) 223 1855 TYPE BRAZIL MinasGerais campis ascensus Chapado do ParanaacutenC Martius 1728 (Lectotype designated byKral 1992 M [nv photographs NY])

19a Abolboda poarchon Seub var poarchonSynonyms Poarchon caerulea Mart ex Seub

pro syn FlBras 3(1) 2231855lsquocoerulearsquo


FIGURE 3 Scanning electron micrographs of ovary apices A Abolboda macrostachya var macrostachya (LM Campbell 510 NY) B Abolboda macrostachya var angustifolia (L M Campbell 651 NY) C Abolbodamacrostachya var robustior (L M Campbell 745 NY) (Scale bars A B = 01 mm C = 025 mm)

Abolboda chapadensis Hoehne ComLin Telegr Bot 5 11 1915 TYPEBRAZIL Matto Grosso lsquoIn pratis palu-dosis in montis Chapada prope flu-minem Taquara-ussuacute floret menseMartiorsquo F C Hoehne 3597 (Lectotypedesignated by Kral 1992 R [nv photo-graph US] Isolectotype SP [nv]

Abolboda chapadensis Hoehne var pau-ciflora Hoehne Com Lin Telegr Bot5 12 1915 TYPE BRAZIL MattoGrosso lsquoIn pratis inundatis propeCoxim floret mense Junio 1911rsquo F CHoehne 3595 (Lectotype designated byKral 1992 R [photograph US]Isolectotype SP [nv] A poarchon Seubvar pauciflora (Hoehne) Hoehne IndBibl Pl Col Com Rondon 144 1951

Botanical specimens for the Commissatildeo deLinhas Telegraacutephicas were largely collected byHoehne and by Kuhlmann (Hoehne 1951) Thetext of Commissatildeo de Linhas TelegraacutephicasEstrateacutegicas de Matto Grosso ao Amazonas(Annexo n 5 Historia Natural Botanica) citescollections by number only however the laterindex (Hoehne 1951) includes the collectorsinitals Type specimens of species described inthe Commissatildeo de Linhas TelegraacutephicasEstrateacutegicas de Matto Grosso ao Amazonaswere deposited at SP (Hoehne 1951 16 seealso Stafleu and Cowan 1979) Kral (1992859) cited the collector as lsquocom Rondonrsquo

Abolboda poarchon Seub var exaltataMalme ex Maguire pro syn Mem NewYork Bot Gard 10(1) 15 1958

This name was based on A Glaziou 22233 (S)

19b Abolboda poarchon Seub var intermedia(L B Sm amp Downs) Kral Ann Missouri BotGard 79 8601992Basionym Abolboda pulchella Humb in Humb

amp Bonpland var intermedia L B Sm ampDowns Arq Bot Estado Satildeo Paulo nsVol 4 (2) 26 1966 TYPE BRAZILMinas Gerais CarandaiacutendashBrejatildeo 28November 1946 A P Duarte 682(Holotype US Isotype RB [nv])

20 Abolboda pulchella Humb in Humb ampBonpland Pl Aequinoct 2 110 pl 114 1809TYPE VENEZUELA Amazonas lsquoHabitat inlocis humidis prope Maypures ad OrinocumrsquoF A Humboldt amp A Bonpland 1114(Lectotype designated here B-W 1067)

The protologue was written by Humboldt inthe absence of Bonpland (Humboldt andBondpland 1809)

Kral (1992) suggested that the plate accom-panying the protologue serve as a lectotype butdid not designate it in accordance with theInternational Code of Botanical Nomenclature(Greuter et al 2000) The HerbariumHumboldt Bonpland et Kunth [microform](1968 see also Burns-Balogh 1988) does notinclude a specimen of Abolboda and no speci-men was found by staff members at P Synonyms Xyris vaginata Spreng Syst Veg

182 1825 Abolboda vaginata (Spreng)L A Nilsson Bih Kongl SvenskaVetensk-Akad 24 (14) 63 1891Abolboda brasiliensis Kunth Enum Pl4 26 1843 TYPE lsquoBrasilia meridion-alis inter Minas et St Paulorsquo F W Sello(Lectotype designated by Kral 1992BR Isolectotypes G HAL K [2 sheets]L [nv] S Abolboda brasiliensis ACast nom superfl nom illegit GenSp Pl Argent 3 47 1945

The synonyms listed above here treated ashomotypic were treated as heterotypic by Kral(1992) Nilsson cited only one collection whenmaking the combination Abolboda vaginatalsquoInter Minas et Satildeo Paulo in arenosis palus-tribus camporum Araraquara G Gardner4824rsquo Kral (1992 846) designated G Gardner4024 as a lectotype (Goiaacutes lsquomarsh Lima deNatividade July 1840rsquo [Lectotype KIsolectotype NY]) that collection howeverwould be a neotype as the Gardner specimenwas collected after 1825

The Sello specimens at HAL K (1 sheet) Shave the collection number 223

Abolboda longifolia Malme Bih KonglSvenska Vetensk-Akad Handl 22 Afd3 (2) 20 1896 TYPE BRAZIL MattoGrosso inter Satildeo Jeronymo et Cuyabaacuteprope Arecaacute 200ndash300 m 17 February1894 G O A Malme 1402 (Lectotypedesignated by Kral 1992 SIsolectotypes G S) Abolboda pulchellaHumb var longifolia (Malme) L B Smamp Downs Arq Bot Estado Satildeo Paulo4(2) 26 1966Abolboda gracilis Huber Bol MusParaense Hist Nat 5 323 1909 TYPEBRAZIL Campos do Ariramba 22August 1906 A Ducke 8074 (Lectotypedesignated by Kral 1992 MG)


Abolboda pulchella is one of the most widelyspread and ecologically diverse species ofAbolboda Additional field work may result ina recircumscription of the species

21 Abolboda scabrida Kral Ann MissouriBot Gard 76 975 1989 (non Ann MissouriBot Gard 79 1992) TYPE VENEZUELAAmazonas Dept Riacuteo Negro Cerro Aracamunisummit Proa Camp 01˚32N 65˚49W 1400m 28 October 1987 R Liesner amp G Carnevali22598 (Holotype VEN Isotypes MO NY [2sheets] VDB [nv])

22 Abolboda sprucei Malme Ark Bot 25A(12) 17 1933 TYPE VENEZUELAAmazonas lsquoad flumen Guainiacutea v Riacuteo Negrosupra ostium fluminis Casiquarirsquo 1884 R

Spruce 3546 (Lectotype designated by Kral1992 K Isolectotypes BR K [2 sheets] P S) Synonym Abolboda schultesii Idrobo amp L B

Sm Caldasia 6 (29) 246 1954 TYPECOLOMBIA Vaupeacutes Riacuteo GuainiacuteaPuerto Colombia (opposite Venezuelantown of Maroa) and vicinity 240ndash250 m(ldquo800ndash850 ftrdquo) 2 October 1952 R ESchultes R E D Baker amp I Cabrera18177 (Holotype COL [nv photographNY] Isotypes COAH GH US [2 sheets])

23 Abolboda uniflora Maguire Mem NewYork Bot Gard 10(1) 12 1958 TYPEVENEZUELA Amazonas Cerro DuidaBrocchinia Hills 1700ndash1980 m 1 September1944 J A Steyermark 58169 (Holotype FIsotype NY [2 sheets])


EXCLUDED NAME

lsquoAlbolboarsquo Hieron is listed by Airy Shaw in Willis (1966) but not found in Hieronymous publications at NYThe name may be from an index or list perhaps at K

LITERATURE CITED

APG 2003 An update of the Angiosperm PhylogenyGroup classification for the orders and families offlowering plants APG II J Linn Soc Bot 121399ndash436

BURNS-BALOGH P 1988 Humboldt Bonpland andKunth Herbarium Paris Norman Ross PubLeiden [Inter-Documentation Co NY NorthAmerican Distributor]

CAMPBELL L M 2004 Anatomy and systematicsand of Xyridaceae with special reference toAratitiyopea PhD dissertation City Universityof New York

CAMPBELL L M AND D WM STEVENSON In pressInflorescence architecture and floral morphologyof Aratitiyopea lopezii (Xyridaceae) Proceedingsof the Third International Conference on theComparative Biology of the Monocotyledons

DE CANDOLLE A DE 1880 La Phytograpie GMasson Paris

CONN B J AND A N L DOUST 1997 Xyris L sec-tion Pomatoxyris Endl (Xyridaceae) in AustraliaAustal Syst Bot 10 189ndash248

DOUST A N AND B J CONN 1994 Xyris L sectionXyris (Xyridaceae) in Australia Austral Syst Bot7 455ndash484

EGLER W 1963 Adolpho DuckemdashTraccedilos biograacuteph-icos viagens e trabalhos Bol Mus Par EmilioGoeldi ser 2 18 1ndash129

GREUTERW J MCNEIL F R BARRIE H M BURDETV DEMOULIN T S FILQUEIRAS D NICOLSON PC SILVA J E SKOG AND D L HAWKSWORTH EDS

2000 The International Code of BotanicalNomenclature (St Louis Code) Koeltz ScientificBooks Konigstein Germany

HANSEN B 1979 The genus Xyris in Thailand andIndochina Acta Phytotax Geobot 30 189ndash194

ndashndashndashndashndashndash 1983 Xyridaceae Pages 15ndash164 in J-FLEROY ED Flore du Cambodge du Laos et duViecirct-Nam 20 151ndash164

ndashndashndashndashndashndash 1987 Xyridaceae Pages 130ndash138 in TSMITINAND AND K LARSEN EDS Flora ofThailand Vol 5 Part 1

HERBARIUM HUMBOLDT BONPLAND ET KUNTH

[Microform] LAB DE PHAN PARIS 1968 Inter-documentaiton Co Zug Switzerland

HOEHNE F C 1951 Indice Bibliografico e Numericodas Plantas Colhidas Pela Comissatildeo Rondon ouComissatildeo de Kinhas Telegraficas Estrategicas deMato-Grosso ao Amazonas de 1908 ate 1923Instituto deBotacircnica deSatildeo PauloSatildeo PauloBrazil

HUMBOLDT A VON AND A BONPLAND 1809 PlantesAequinoxiales II F Schoell Paris

KAHN M S AND H ARA 1991 Pages 1ndash5 in M SKHAN AND M M RAHMAN EDS Flora ofBangladesh No 46 Bangladesh AgricultruralResearch Council Dacca

KRAL R 1988 The genus Xyris (Xyridaceae) inVenezuela and contiguous northern SouthAmerica Ann Missouri Bot Gard 75 522ndash722

ndashndashndashndashndashndash 1992 A treatment of American Xyridaceaeexclusive of Xyris Ann Missouri Bot Gard 79819ndash885

ndashndashndashndashndashndash 1994a Xyridaceae Pages 174ndash177 in GDAVIDSE M SOUSA AND A O CHATER SERIES

EDS Flora Mesoamericana 6 Alismataceae aCyperaceae Missouri Botanical Garden StLouis Missouri

ndashndashndashndashndashndash 1994b Xyridaceae Pages 3ndash90 and115ndash123 in A R A GOumlRTS-VAN-RIJN ED Flora ofthe Guianas 15 Institute of Systematic BotanyUtrecht The Netherlands

ndashndashndashndashndashndash 1999 Xyridaceae Pages 15ndash36 In GHARLING AND B SPARRE EDS Flora of EcuadorNo 63 Univ of Goumlteborg

ndashndashndashndashndashndash 2000 Xyridaceae Pages 154ndash167 in FLORA

OF NORTH AMERICA EDITORIAL COMMITTEE EDSFlora of North America North of Mexico 22Oxford University Press New York

ndashndashndashndashndashndash 2005 Xyridaceae Pages 526ndash574 in P EBERRY B K HOLST AND K YATSKIEVYCH EDSFlora of the Venezuelan Guayana 9 MissouriBotanical Garden Press St Louis

ndashndashndashndashndashndash AND M G L WANDERELY 1995 XyridaceaePages 781ndash802 in B L STANNARD ED Flora ofthe Pico das Almas Chapada Diamantina-BahiaBrazil Royal Botanic Gardens Kew

LANJOUW J 1937 Xyridaceae Recueil Trav BotNeerl 34 484ndash494

LEWIS J 1981 Xyridaceacutees Pages 35ndash51 in BSATABIEacute AND J-FLEROY EDS Flore du Cameroun22 DGRST Yaoundeacute Cameroun

ndashndashndashndashndashndash AND A A OBERMEYER 1985 XyridaceaePages 1ndash8 in O A LEISTNER ED Flora ofSouthern Africa 4 2 Department of AgriculturePretoria South Africa

LISOWSKI S B BRYLSKA AND J WILAND-SZYMANSKA 2001 Xyridaceae Flore DrsquoAfriqueCentrale (Congo-Kinshasa-Rwanda-Burundi)Spermatophytes Jardin Botanique National deBelgique Brussels

LOCK J M 1999 A synopsis of Xyris (Xyridaceae)in south-central Africa Kew Bull 54 301ndash326

MAGUIRE B 1958 Xyridaceae Pages 1ndash19 in BMAGUIRE J J WURDACK AND COLLABORATORSThe botany of the Guayana HighlandmdashPart IIIMem New York Bot Gard 10(1) 1ndash156

ndashndashndashndashndashndash AND COLLABORATORS 1953ndash1989 Botany ofthe Guayana Highlands [I]mdashXIII Mem NewYork Bot Gard 8 9 10 12 17 18 23 29 3238 51

MALME G O 1913a Xyris L untergattungNematopus (Seubert) Entwurf einer gliederungArk Bot 13(3) 1ndash103

ndashndashndashndashndashndash 1913b Die amerikanischen spezies der gat-tung Xyris L untergattung Euxyris (Endlicher)Ark Bot 13(8) 1ndash32

ndashndashndashndashndashndash 1913c Xyridaceae africanae Bot JahrbSyst 48 287ndash308

ndashndashndashndashndashndash 1914 Xyridaceae In R PILGER ED PlantaeUleanae novae vel minus cognitae Notizbl BotGart Berlin-Dahlem 6 No 54 117ndash119

ndashndashndashndashndashndash 1927 De nonnullis speciebus Xyridis prae-cipue australiensibus et asiaticis Sven BotTidskr 21(4) 381ndash396

ndashndashndashndashndashndash 1933 Beitraumlge zur kenntnis dersuumldamerikanischen Xyridazeen Ark Bot25A(12) 1ndash18

PISO W 1648 Historia Naturalis BrasiliaeLugduni Batavorum Amsterdam

RAO A S AND D M BERMA 1974 Materialtowards a monocot flora of AssammdashIV(Pontederiaceae Xyridaceae amp Commelinaceae)Bull Bot Surv India 16 1ndash20

STAFLEU F A AND R S COWAN 1979 1981Taxonomic Literature A Selective Guide toBotanical Publications and Collections withDates Commentaries and Types ed 2 volumes 2and 3 Bohn Scheltema and Holkema Utrecht

URQUIOLA CRUZ A J AND R KRAL 2000Xyridaceae Pages 1ndash27 in W GREUTER FASC EDFlora de la Repuacuteblica de Cuba Serie A 5(10)Koeltz Scientific Books KoumlnigsteinGermany

VAN DAM J A C 2002 The Guyanan PlantCollections of Robert and Richard SchomburgkFlora of the Guianas Supplementary series 3Royal Botanic Gardens Kew

WANDERLEY M G L 1981 Flora fanerogacircmica daReserva do Parque Estadual das Fontes doIpiranaga (Satildeo Paulo Brasil) Hoehnea 9121ndash125

ndashndashndashndashndashndash 1987 Flora da Serra do Cipoacute Minas Geraiscaracterizaccedilatildeo e lista das espeacutecies Bol Bot UnivSatildeo Paulo

ndashndashndashndashndashndash 1989 Xyridaceae Flora do Estado GoiaacutesColeccedilatildeo Rizzo 11 UFG Editora Goaina

ndashndashndashndashndashndash 1992 Estudos Taxonocircmicos no GecircneroXyris L (Xyridaceae) da Serra do Cipoacute MinasGerais Brasil PhD dissertation Instituto deBiociecircncias Satildeo Paulo

WIJESUNDARA D A S 2000 Xyridaceae Pages293ndash299 in W GREUTER FASC ED A RevisedHandbook to the Flora of Ceylon 14 A ABalkema Rotterdam

WILLIS J C 1966 A Dictionary of Flowering Plantsand Ferns ed 7 Revised by H K AIRY SHAWCambridge University Press Cambridge

YANG YUAN-PO 1978 Xyridaceae Pages 176ndash178in HUI-LIN LI ED 1978 Flora of Taiwan 5 EpochPublishing Company Taiwan


Xyridaceae are a moderate-sized family ofpetaloid monocots presently included in thebroadly defined Poales (commelinidsAngiosperm Phylogeny Group (APG II 2003)The family comprises Xyris (ca 360 spp) dis-tributed throughout tropical and subtropicalregions and four small genera confined tonorthern South America Abolboda (23 sppextending to 23degS) Achlyphila (1 sp)Aratitiyopea (1 sp) and Orectanthe (2 spp)

Xyris is most diverse in South America (ca232 spp) and exhibits high levels of endemismon the Guiana and Brazilian Shields The genuswas monographed by Malme (1913a 1913b1913c 1927) More recent contributions havebeen regional treatments that have broadenedour understanding of the diversity and distribu-tion of the genus (Campbell 2004) and includeaccounts for North America (Kral 2000)Central America (Kral 1994a) Cuba (Urquiolaand Kral 2000) northern South America (Kral1988 1994b 1999 in prep Kral andWanderley 1995) Brazil (Wanderley 19811987 1989 1992 in prep) Cameroon (Lewis1981) central Africa (Lisowski et al 2001)tropical east Africa (Lock 1999) southernAfrica (Lewis and Obermeyer 1985 Lock1999) parts of tropical Asia (Rao and Berma

1974 Yang 1978 Hansen 1979 1983 1987Kahn and Ara 1991 Wijesundara 2000) andAustralia (Doust and Conn 1994 Conn andDoust 1997)

Humboldt (Humboldt and Bonpland 1809)established Abolboda for a single species Priorto The New York Botanical Gardenrsquos ldquoBotanyof the Guayana Highlandsrdquo series (Maguire andCollaborators 1953ndash1989) fewer than half ofthe currently recognized species had beendescribed Currently the Guiana Shield has thehighest diversity of Abolboda including 20endemic species (Fig 1) Species of Abolbodaoccur from 100 m to over 2000 m in seasonallywet oligotrophic habitats especially whitesand savannas drained by black water riversand high elevation boggy meadows

Much of the modern work on New WorldXyridaceae has been done by Robert Kralincluding a taxonomic treatment of Abolboda(together with Achlyphila Aratitiyopea andOrectanthe Kral 1992) that recognized 21species and 12 varieties Subsequent field-ori-ented biological studies of Xyridaceae (egCampbell 2004 Campbell and Stevenson inpress) have resulted in the following revision ofthe nomenclature of Abolboda and the raisingof one variety to the rank of species

CONTRIBUTIONS TOWARDS A MONOGRAPH OF XYRIDACEAE A REVISED NOMENCLATURE OF ABOLBODA

LISA M CAMPBELL1

Abstract Abolboda (Xyridaceae) is a small genus confined to northern South America where it occurs in olig-otrophic wet habitats Many taxa of Abolboda are endemic and appear to be ecologically specialized A revisednomenclature is presented that recognizes 23 species and 11 varieties Abolboda acicularis var granularis is ele-vated to the rank of species (as A granularis)

Resumen Abolboda (Xyridaceae) es un geacutenero confinado a Sud Ameacuterica donde se encuentra en ambienteshuacutemedos y oligotroacuteficos Muchos taxones de Abolboda son endeacutemicos y parecen ser especializados ecoloacutegica-mente Se presenta una nomenclatura revisada que reconoce 23 especies y 11 variedades Abolboda acicularisvar granularis se eleva al rango de especies (como A granularis)

Keywords Abolboda Guiana shield Xyridaceae

I am grateful to the curators and staff of the following herbaria for allowing me to study their collections A B-W BMBR C COAH COL F FI G GH GOET HAL K L M MG MO MYF NY P PORT S SEL SP TFAV U US andVEN I thank H Morgan-Porter for assistance with preparation of the map D Boufford for valuable comments on an earlier draft and J L Reveal K N Gandhi and G A Romero-Gonzaacutelez for kindly discussing nomenclatorial problemsThe ultimate taxonomic decisions including any errors are my own

1The New York Botanical Garden Bronx New York 10458 USA E-mail lcampbellnybgorg

Harvard Papers in Botany Vol 10 No 2 2005 pp 137ndash145copy President and Fellows of Harvard College 2005











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ABOLBODA HUMB




















































































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contributions towards a monograph of xyridaceae: a revised nomenclature of abolboda

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