convention on the conservation of migratory species · agriculture and veterinary quarantine...

UNEP/CMS/Inf.10.12.65

Saudi Arabia, CMS Report, 2011

Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species

of Wild Animals

FORMAT FOR NATIONAL REPORT OF PARTIES ON THE IMPLEMENTATION

OF THE CONVENTION ON THE CONSERVATION OF MIGRATORY

SPECIES OF WILD ANIMALS

Reporting format agreed by the Standing Committee at its 32nd

Meeting (Bonn, November

2007) for mandatory use by Parties, for reports submitted to the Tenth Meeting of the

Conference of the Parties (COP10) (Norway, 2011).

The questions below combine elements of Resolution 4.1 (Party Reports) adopted by the Fourth

Meeting of the Conference of the Parties (Nairobi, June 1994) and Resolution 6.4 (Strategic Plan for

the Convention on Migratory Species 2000-2005), adopted by the Sixth Meeting of the Conference of

the Parties (Cape Town, November 1999), the COP8 Strategic Plan 2006-2011 and Resolution 8.24

adopted by the Conference of the Parties (Nairobi 2005), as well as commitments arising from other

operational Resolutions and Recommendations of the Conference of the Parties.

COP Resolution 9.4 adopted at Rome called upon the Secretariats and Parties of CMS Agreements

to collaborate in the implementation and harmonization of online reporting implementation. If the

development of an online reporting system advances sufficiently, Parties may have the option of

reporting in this manner. There are however no guarantees at this stage that this will be the case.

Parties are encouraged to respond to all questions. Parties are also requested to provide comprehensive

answers, including, where appropriate, a summary of activities, information on factors limiting action

and details of any assistance required.

This document has been designed with semi-automated text-form fields. Please double click on the

grey boxes to enter the field. You can then enter the required information. Continue to do so with each

text-field or jump to the next field directly by using the tab key. Where checkboxes are available you

might check these with a single click.

Please enter here the name of your country: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Which agency has been primarily responsible for the preparation of this report?

Saudi Wildlife Commission (SWC)

Please list any other agencies that have provided input:

Saudi Arabia, CMS Report, 2011 2

I(a). General Information

Please enter the required information in the table below:

Party

Date of entry into force of the

Convention in [Saudi Arabia]

1 March 1991

Period covered June 2008 to December 2010

Territories to which the Convention

applies

Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, its territories and territorial waters

DDEESSIIGGNNAATTEEDD NNAATTIIOONNAALL FFOOCCAALL PPOOIINNTT

Full name of the institution Saudi Wildlife Commission (SWC)

Name and title of designated Focal Point H.H Prince Bandar Bin Saud Bin Mohammad al Saud, Secretary General

Mailing address P.O. Box 61681 Riyadh 11575, Saudi Arabia

Telephone (+966 1) 441 8700

Fax (+966 1) 441 0797

E-mail [email protected]

AAPPPPOOIINNTTMMEENNTT TTOO TTHHEE SSCCIIEENNTTIIFFIICC CCOOUUNNCCIILL

Full name of the institution Saudi Wildlife Commission (SWC)

Name and title of contact officer Mohammed Sulayem

Mailing address P.O. Box 61681 Riyadh 11575, Saudi Arabia

Telephone (+966 1) 441 8700

Fax (+966 1) 441 0797

E-mail [email protected]

SSUUBBMMIISSSSIIOONN

Name and Signature of officer

responsible for submitting national report

Name: Ahmed Boug, National Representative to CMS

Address: The Saudi Wildlife Commission (SWC) P.O. Box 61681 Riyadh

11575, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Tel.: (+966 1) 44 18 413

Fax: (+966 1) 44 18 413

E-mail: [email protected]

Date of submission February 2011

Membership of the Standing Committee

(if applicable):

Name: Ahmed Boug, National Representative to CMS

Address: The Saudi Wildlife Commission (SWC) P.O. Box 61681 Riyadh

11575, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Tel.: (+966 1) 44 18 413

Fax: (+966 1) 44 18 413


Competent Authority: Laws of Saudi Wildlife Commission (SWC)

Relevant implemented legislation: The Forest and Rangelands Act (1979)

The Hunting Law:

Royal Decree no. M/26 dated 25/5/1398 H equivalent to

2/5/1978 G

Ministerial Decision no. 457 dated 13/3/1399 H

equivalent to 10/2/1979 G

The Wild Animals and Birds Hunting Act (1999)

The Law of Fishing & Investment and Protection of Marine life


18/11/1987 G




Marine Scientific Research Regulation:




2/2/1993 G

The Wildlife Protected Areas Act (1995)

The Act on Trade in Endangered Wildlife Species and their

Products (2000)

Agriculture and Veterinary Quarantine Regulations (1975)

Other relevant Conventions/ Agreements

(apart from CMS) to which Saudi Arabia

is a Party:

Convention on Biological Diversity; World Heritage; United Nations

Convention to Combat Desertification; United Nations Framework

Convention on Climate Change; CITES; GCC

Convention on Conservation of Wildlife and their Natural Habitats

National policy instruments (e.g. national

biodiversity conservation strategy, etc.):

National Biodiversity Strategy (approved) and National System Plan for

Protected Areas.


Please indicate whether your country is part of the following Agreements/MoU. If so, please indicate the

competent national institution

Wadden Sea Seals: Party

Signed but not yet entered force

Non-party Range State

Non Range State

National Focal Point/Competent authority

Name:

Address:

Tel:

Fax:

E-mail:

Membership of the Trilateral Seal Expert Group

Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

Eurobats Party



Non Range State

Competent authority

Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

Appointed member of the Advisory Committee

Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

ASCOBANS Party



Non Range State

Co-ordinating authority

Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

Appointed member of the Advisory Committee

Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

Membership of other committees or working

groups:

AEWA: Party



Non Range State

Administrative Authority

Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

Appointed member of the Technical Committee

Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

ACCOBAMS Party



Non Range State

National Focal Point

Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

Appointed member of the Scientific Committee

Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

Membership of committees or working groups:


ACAP Party



Non Range State

Designated Authority

Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

National Contact Point

Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

Membership of Advisory Committee Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

Siberian Crane MoU: Signatory Non-signatory Range State Non Range State

Competent authority

Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

Slender-billed Curlew MoU: Signatory Non-signatory Range State Non Range State

Competent Authority

Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

Marine Turtle – Africa MoU: Signatory Non-signatory Range State Non Range State

National Contact Point Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

Great Bustard MoU: Signatory Non-signatory Range State Non Range State

Competent Authority

Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:


Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

Marine Turtle MoU - IOSEA: Signatory Non-signatory Range State Non Range State

Competent national authority Name: The Saudi Wildlife Commission (SWC)

Address: P.O. Box 61681 Riyadh 11575, Saudi Arabia

Tel.: (+966 1) 441 8700

Fax: (+966 1) 441 0797



Bukhara Deer MoU: Signatory Non-signatory Range State Non Range State

Competent national authority Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

Aquatic Warbler MoU: Signatory Non-signatory Range State Non Range State

Competent national authority

Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:


Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

African Elephant MoU: Signatory Non-signatory Range State Non Range State


Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:


Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

Pacific Islands Cetaceans MoU: Signatory Non-signatory Range State Non Range State


Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:


Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:

Mediterranean Monk Seal MoU: Signatory Non-signatory Range State Non Range State


Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:


Name:

Address:

Tel.:

Fax:

E-mail:


1 Which other government departments are involved in activities/initiatives for the conservation of migratory species

in your country? (Please list.)

Ministry of Agriculture (MoA); Ministry of water(MoW), University of Al-Taif (consultation on migratory birds)

and the Royal Commission for Jubail and Yanbu (RCJY),

2 If more than one government department is involved, describe the interaction/relationship between these

government departments:

PAs managed by SWC; some NPs managed by MoA,irrigation dams (serve wintering/stop over sites) manged by

the MoW. Two coastal PAs important for migratory birds manged by RCJY close coordiination exists between

these agencies

3 Has a national liaison system or committee been established in your country? Please provide contact information

Yes No

The National Biodiversity Committee, Yousef Al-Wetaid (Coordinator), SWC

4 List the main non-governmental organizations actively involved in activities/initiatives for the conservation of

migratory species in your country, and describe their involvement:

Saudi Aramco, which has an environmental department and conducts marine studies.

4a Please provide detail on any devolved government/overseas territory authorities involved.

NA

5 Describe any involvement of the private sector in the conservation of migratory species in your country:

PERSGA, ROPME and BirdLife International would be helpful as they are involved voluntarily

6 Note any interactions between these sectors in the conservation of migratory species in your country:

Frequent interactions between above mentioned sectors.


I(b). Information about involved Authorities

Identify the ministry, agency/department or organization that is responsible for leading actions relating to Appendix I species

1 Birds Saudi Wildlife Commission

2 Marine Mammals Saudi Wildlife Commission.

3 Marine Turtles Saudi Wildlife Commission.

4 Terrestrial Mammals Saudi Wildlife Commission.

5 Bats Saudi Wildlife Commission.

6 Other Taxa Saudi Wildlife Commission.


II. Appendix I species

1. BIRDS

1.1 General questions on Appendix I bird species

1 Is the taking of all Appendix I bird species prohibited by the national implementing Yes No

legislation cited in Table I(a) (General Information)?

If other legislation is relevant, please provide details:

1a If the taking of Appendix I bird species is prohibited by law, have any exceptions Yes No

been granted to the prohibition?

If Yes, please provide details (Include the date on which the exception was notified

to the CMS Secretariat pursuant to CMS Article III(7):

2 Identify any obstacles to migration that exist in relation to Appendix I bird species:

By-catch Electrocution

Habitat destruction Wind turbines

Pollution

Other (please provide details) Illigal hunting and trade.

2a What actions are being undertaken to overcome these obstacles?

Efforts are being made to increase public awareness on these obstacles, including the need to reduce the use of

pesticides. Site specific conservation programmes would be started to minimize the threats to migratory

species.

2b Please report on the progress / success of the actions taken.

Several informational signs were placed in local animal markets, boarder villages and towns. Local markets are

monitored by rangers. Brochure,posters, films have been developed.

2c What assistance, if any, does your country require in order to overcome these obstacles?

Provision of relevant information, training and research assistance.

3 What are the major threats to Appendix I bird species (transcending mere obstacles to migration)?

Illegal trade Poaching

Other (please specify) Several congregatory bird sites faces conservation threats such as pollution by

oil, sewage effluent and rubbish and extensive land reclamation for further urbanization that threatens many

sites in the western coasts and that reduce the area of inter-tidal flats available for feeding waterbirds. Human

disturbance to birds using the area is very high. Further landfill and urbanization and harbour through the

middle of prime mudflats. Fish market nearby. Some time, sea bird eggs are collected for sale and personal

consumption. Introduced predator such as domestic cats and rats. Pollution, habitat destruction through

development. All these factors adversely affects the bird species.

3a What actions have been taken to prevent, reduce or control factors that are endangering or are likely to further

endanger bird species beyond actions to prevent disruption to migrating behaviour?

Sustainable tourism policy was adopted & Integrated Coastal Zone Management Plan was developed.


Integrated Coastal Zone Managemnt Plan was approved for Jizan Province in the Red Sea, which considers the

breeding habitats of Seabirds & water migratory species.

3c Describe any factors that may limit action being taken in this regard:

Some of the congregatory sites of migratory birds are not protected under the PA system and those sites are

managed by Government agencies and some are privately owned sites that makes difficult to enforce wildlife

conservation laws to protect sites, birds and other biodiversity.

3d What assistance, if any, does your country require to overcome these factors?

Provision of training and information. More collaborative conservation programmes should be initiated

involving private and other agencies to make common minimum research and conservation programmes.

Develop awareness. Develop awareness programmes on conservation of migratory species through sustainable

use.


1.2 Questions on specific Appendix I bird species

In the following section, using the table format below, please fill in each Appendix I bird species for which

your country is considered to be a Range State. Please complete each table as appropriate, providing

information in summary form. Where appropriate, please cross-reference to information already

provided in national reports that have been submitted under other conventions (e.g. Convention on

Biological Diversity, Ramsar Convention, CITES). (Attach annexes as necessary.)

Species Aquila clanga – Common Name(s) Greater Spotted Eagle

1 Please provide published distribution reference:

Jennings, M. C. 1982: The birds of Saudi Arabia, Check-list, Jennings. Cambridge.

Stagg, A. 1987: Birds of Riyadh Region. NCWCD. Riyadh.

Bundy, G., Connor, R. J. and Harrison, C. J. 1989: Birds of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. H. F. & G.

Witherby Ltd in association with ARAMCO.

Rahmani, A. Shobrak, M, and Newton, S. 1994. Birds of the Tihamah coastal plane of Saudi Arabia. OSME Bull.

32: 1-19.

Porter, R. F., Christensen, S., & Schiermacker-Hansen, P. 1996. Birds of the Middle East. London,

Meyburg, B-U, Meyburg, C. and Mizera, T. 2000. Migration strategies of greater spotted eagles Aquila clanga

tracked by satellite. Raptor at Risk. Ed. Chancellor, R. D. & B. –U. Meyburg eds. WWGBO/Hanccock house.

Shobrak, M. 2000. The role of avian scavengers in locating and exploiting carcasses in central Saudi Arabia.

Raptor at Risk. Ed. Chancellor, R. D. & B. –U. Meyburg eds. WWGBO/Hanccock house. 213-224.

BirdLife International. 2001. Threatened birds of Asia: the BirdLife International Red Data Book. Cambridge.

Islam, M. Z. 2007. Globally threatened species in the Middle East: Is it really necessary to prevent their extinction?

Pp. 225-270. NWRC Annual report, Taif.

BirdLife International. 2010. Species factsheet: Aquila clanga.

Islam, M. Z. 2010. Birds of Mahazat as-Sayd Protected Area and NWRC. NWRC, Taif, KSA.

2a Summarise information on population size (if known):

increasing decreasing stable not known unclear

Passage or wintering birds occur in small numbers over a vast area in the Arabian Peninsula. Numbers appear to

have declined of its range. However, long-term trends are difficult to assess as no proper monitoring has been taken

place.

2b Summarise information on distribution (if known):


Since no specific monitoring programme is in place, it is difficult to provide population trend but the distribution in

its range has been decling as result of key threats like disturbance, habitat destruction and also suitable habitat

mosaics have been lost as a result of wetland drainage.


3 Indicate (with an ‘X’) and briefly describe any activities that have been carried out in favour of this species in the

reporting period. (Please provide the title of the project and contact details, where available):

Research

Identification and establishment of protected areas

Monitoring Researchers from NWRC have been monitoring this

bird in Mahzat as-Sayd Protected Area and at NWRC enclosures.

Education/awareness rising

Species protection

Control hunting / poaching

Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other

4 If no activities have been carried out for this species in the reporting period, what has prevented such action being

taken?

Lack of monitoring programmes and funding

5 Describe any future activities that are planned for this species:

There is no future plan as such for this species but Species Action Plan could be developed for the GCC at least.

Project could be developed to carryout surveys to check range and population, long-term monitoring schemes could

be developed to improve understanding of population trends. Globally threatened Species Working Group could

be established. However, a comprehensive study of the migration and wintering behaviour using satellite telemetry

could be used that might yield many surprising results.

Species Aquila heliaca – Common Name(s) Eastern Imperial Eagle


Jennings, M. C. 1982. The birds of Saudi Arabia, Check-list, Jennings. Cambridge.

Bundy, G., Connor, R. J. and Harrison, C. J. 1989. Birds of the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. H. F. & G.



32: 1-19.

Porter, R. F., Christensen, S., & Schiermacker-Hansen, P.1996. Birds of the Middle East. London,

International Action Plan for the Imperial Eagle. 1996. BirdLife International and European Commission.

Meyburg, B-U, Patrick, P. and Meyburg, C. 2000. Migration strategies of 15 steppe eagle Aguila nipalensis tracked

by satellite.


Paillat, P. 2003. Raptors migration in Saudi Arabia. Annual Report. Pp.167-168. (Satellite telemetry was attached

on male Imperial Eagle to study migration with Raptor Research Group).






Wintering bird occurs in small numbers over a vast area in the country. Number appears to have declined of its

range. However, long-term trends and population sizes are difficult to assess as no proper monitoring system is in

place.






Research In 2003 a male Imperial Eagle was captured in

western-central Saudi Arabia in winter and fitted with the Satellite transmiter to study the migration and habitat

use.


Monitoring Monitoring of birds at Mahazat as-Sayd Protected

and at NWRC in western-centeral Saudi Arabia is in place since last two years, but no specific project on Imperial

Eagle has been done after 2003 but the species is recorded in Mahazat in 2009 by M. Z. Islam


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?

Actions taken


Seek national and international support to assess the status of the Imperial Eagle and to start a monitoring

programme. Evaluate the status and condition of IBAs where Imperial Eagle and other raptors are regularly seen.

Raise awareness amongst decision makers in the region on the importance of Imperial Eagles and other birds of

prey. Promote strengthening of existing legislation for the protection of rare birds. Need to develop regional

cooperation on Raptors.

Species Falco naumanni – Common Name(s) Lesser Kestrel






Rahmani, A. Shobrak, M, and Newton, S. 1994: Birds of the Tihamah coastal plane of Saudi Arabia. OSME Bull.

32: 1-19.





BirdLife International. 2010. Species factsheet: Falco naumanni.

Jennings, M. C. 2010. Atlas of the Breeding Birds of Arabia. Fauna of Arabian Peninsula No. 25. Pp10.





Passage Migrants almost in all part of Saudi Arabia (Bundy et al. 1989; Rahmani et al. 1994; Stagg 1987), It is also

recorded in Mahazat as-Sayd PA and at NWRC (Islam et al. 2010).




Research


Monitoring Monitoring of birds in Mahazat as-Sayd Protected

and at NWRC in western-centeral Saudi Arabia is in place since last two years, but no specific project on Lesser

Kestrel.


Species protection The species is protected under the Law.


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?

Lack of intensive monitoring programmes and funding for this species.


Surveys of wintering areas should be undertaken to get a better picture of population status and to identify

important sites or IBAs, where this bird has been recorded. In Saudi Arabia the only possible method is to carry out

surveys in pilot areas and then extrapolate to the remainder of the suitable habitat. A standard methodology for

Lesser Kestrel surveys should be developed and published.

Miscellaneous information or comments on Appendix I birds in general:

Species name Geronticus eremita – Common Name(s) Northern Bald Ibis, Waldrapp, Hermit Ibis (Passage

Migrants)


BirdLife International. 2004. Threatened birds of the world. Barcelona and Cambridge, UK: Lynx Edition and

BirdLife International .

Serra, G. and L. Peske. 2006. Coordinating protection efforts of breeding N. Bald Ibises Geronticus eremite in

Palmyra (Syria) and trapping / Satellite tagging 3 individuals – Internal report, BirdLife International & Royal

Society for the Protection of Birds. Sand. Cambridge. Serra, G., L. Peske, and M. Wondafrash. 2007. Preliminary

survey of Middle Eastern N. Bald Ibises at their recently discovered wintering grounds in Ethiopian highlands.

Internal report, BirdLife International & Royal Society for the Protection of Birds. Sandy. Cambridge.

Jennings, M. C. 2010. The Atlas of breeding birds of Saudi Arabia. Fauna and Flora of Arabia.

Islam, M. Z. Serra, G. and Boug, A. 2010. Northern Bald Ibis in Saudi Arabia: Last step for its survival. Wildlife

Middle East (5): 7.



12 records of NBI reported between 1990-2010 talling 35 near NWRC & in 2010 two NBI recorded 40km from

NWRC and several records near Jizan, Abha, Madinah and Tabuk (all Sat transmitted). The species is protected

under the Law in Saudi Arabia.



The tagged birds were stopped near Taif, Abha, Jizan in 2009-10. There might be more birds migrating through

Saudi Arabia but no information is available. Passage Migrants




Research Collaboration between SWC and Syrian agency on

Northern Bald Ibis is agreed.

Identification and establishment of protected areas Extend the National Wildlife Research Center

Monitoring Several surveys were carried from 2007-2010 for

satellite tacked birds in collaboration with BirdLife International' Middle East office.

Education/awareness rising In 2010 articles in Wildlife Middle East published in

English and Arabic by Islam et a. Early 1993 & 1994 (A film was produced)

Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?

Actions have been taken


Monitoring during migration in collaboration with BirdLife International, Middle East Office. Need to conduct

research into feeding biology, and habitat requirements in Saudi Arabia in collaboration with BirdLife

International..

Species Aythya nyroca – Common Name(s) Ferruginous Pochard, Ferruginous Duck


Green, 1984. The avifauna of the Al Jawf region, northwest Saudi Arabia, Sandgrouse 6, 48-58.

Stagg, A. 1987: Birds of the Riyadh Region. NCWCD, Riyadh.



Rahmani, A. Shobrak, M, and Newton, S. 1994: Birds of the Tihamah coastal plane of Saudi Arabia. OSME Bull.

32: 1-19.

Evans, M. I. 1994. Important Bird Areas in the Middle East. Cambridge, U.K.: BirdLife International (BirdLife

Conservation Series no. 2).

Jennings, M. 1995. An Interim Atlas of the Breeding Birds of Arabia. Riyadh: NCWCD, 1995.


Lepage, D. 2008. Checklist of Birds of Saudi Arabia, Avibase, the World Bird Database– http://www.bsc-

eoc.org/avibase/checklist.jsp?lang=EN&region=sa&list=clements

BirdLife International (2010) Species factsheet: Aythya nyroca.

International Action Plan.





Passage Migrant in the central, Eastern and Coastal plain of the Western wetlands of Saudi Arabia (Stagg 1987,

Bundy et al. 1989; Rahmani et al. 1989). Opportunistic breeder in the Eastern Province wetlands (Bundy et al.

1989; Jennings 1995)

http://www.bsc-eoc.org/avibase/checklist.jsp?lang=EN&region=sa&list=clements





Research


Monitoring


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?

No specific project is developed for this species.


Identify more IBAs and Monitoring should be continued.

Species name Oxyura leucocephala – Common Name(s) White-headed Duck



Evens, M. 1994. Important Bird Areas in the Middle East. Cambridge: BirdLife International, BirdLife

Conservation series No. 2.



Wikipedia. 2007. List of Birds of Saudi Arabia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/list_of_birds_of_Saudi_Arabia



BirdLife International. 2010. Species factsheet: Oxyura leucocephala





Only one record from a wetland located in the North Central of Saudi Arabia in 1983 (Green 1984)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/list_of_birds_of_Saudi_Arabia






Research


Monitoring


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?

No specific project is developed for this speices.


Need to collaborate with the White-headed Duck specialist group and Monitoring IBAs.

Species name Marmaronetta angustirostris – Common Name(s) Marbled Teal



Stagg, A. 1987. Birds of the Riyadh Region. NCWCD, Riyadh.




32: 1-19.






BirdLife International. 2010. Species factsheet: Marmaronetta angustirostris





Passage migrants to wetlands in the central, Eastern, South west of Saudi Arabia (Bundy et al. 1989, Stagg 1987;

Rahmani et al. 1994).






Research


Monitoring


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other It is a rare bird and no specific project is done


taken?

Population is negligible in Saudi Arabia.


Monitoring IBAs , concentrate monitoring on those sites where it was recorded before and find more sites through

field surveys. This bird is adapted to temporary wetlands, favouring brackish waters rich in emergent vegetation,

these sort of sites needs to be covered to know the status.

Species Pelicans crispus – Common Name(s) Dalmatian Pelican





BirdLife International. 2010. Species factsheet: Pelicans crispus

Species International Action Plan by the BirdLife International.








Research


Monitoring


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?

No specific project developed for this species.


This bird occurs mainly at inland, freshwater wetlands but also at coastal lagoons, it is important to look the birds

there.

Species Pelecanus onocrotalus – Common Name(s) White Pelican


Stagg, A. 1987. Birds of the Riyadh Region. NCWCD, Riyadh.





BirdLife International 2001. Threatened birds of Asia: the BirdLife International Red Data Book. Cambridge.

Lepage, D. 2008. Checklist of Birds of Saudi Arabia, Avibase, the Would Bird Database– http://www.bsc-






Rare Migrants in the central and Eastern wetlands (Stagg, 1987; Bundy et al. 1989)






Research


Monitoring


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?



This bird occurs mainly at inland, freshwater wetlands but also at coastal lagoons, it is important to monitor the

birds there and continue monitoring of IBAs where this species is recorded.

Species name Ciconia boyciana– Common Name(s) Oriental White Stork



Wikipedia. 2007. List of Birds of Saudi Arabia, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/list_of_birds_of_Saudi_Arabia







Vagrant



Research


Monitoring


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/list_of_birds_of_Saudi_Arabia





taken?


Identify more sites based on global criteria for bird conservation and monitoring IBAs.

Species Numenius tenuirostris – Common Name(s) Slender-billed Curlew









vagrant



Research


Monitoring


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?



Monitoring IBAs and a surveys might be carried out in 2011-12 in the western part of Saudi Arabia.

Species Larus leucophthalmus – Common Name(s) White-eyed Gull




32: 1-19.

Jennings, M. C. 1995. An Interim Atlas of the Breeding Birds of Arabia. Riyadh: NCWCD.


Shobrak, M., Al Suhaibani, A. and Newton, S. 2002. Breeding Seabirds in the Saudi Arabia' Red Sea. PERSGA.

PERSGA 2003. Status of the breeding Seabirds in the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden












Research


Monitoring


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?

Training course was organized at Farasan in 2009 for seabird monitoring.


Research on ecology and biology of this bird might be a good project to initiate.


2. MARINE MAMMALS

2.1 General questions on Appendix I marine mammals

1 Is the taking of all Appendix I marine mammals prohibited by the national Yes No

implementing legislation cited in Table I(a) (General Information)?


1a If the taking of Appendix I marine mammals is prohibited by law, have any exceptions Yes No



to the CMS Secretariat pursuant to CMS Article III(7)):

2 Identify any obstacles to migration that exist in relation to Appendix I marine mammals:

By-catch Collision with fishing traffic

Pollution Illegal hunting

Other threats to migration (please provide details)

2a

What actions are being undertaken to overcome these obstacles?

Public awareness programmes initiated.



Assistance in research is required to train new field researchers.

3 What are the major pressures on Appendix I marine mammal species (transcending mere obstacles to migration)?

Pollution By-catch

Other (please specify)


endanger species of marine mammal beyond actions to prevent disruption to migrating behaviour?

The hunting law is enforced; in addition, the number of marine protected areas will be increased.




There is a shortage of marine experts; however, SWC is addressing this issue.


2.2 Questions on specific Appendix I marine mammals

In the following section, using the table format below, please fill in each Appendix I marine mammal

species for which your country is considered to be a Range State. Please complete each table as

appropriate, providing information in summary form. Where appropriate, please cross-reference to

information already provided in national reports that have been submitted under other conventions (e.g.

Convention on Biological Diversity, Ramsar Convention, CITES). (Attach annexes as necessary.)

Balaenoptera musculus – Common Name(s) Blue Whale








Research


Monitoring

Education / awareness rising

Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?


Balaenoptera physalus– Common Name(s) Fin Whale









Research


Monitoring


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?


Developing a project to estimate its population size and to study population distribution would be interesting.

Megaptera novaeangliae– Common Name(s) Humpback Whale








Research


Monitoring


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?




Delphinus delphis– Common Name(s) Common Dolphin?








Research


Monitoring


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?



Miscellaneous information or comments on Appendix I marine mammals in general:

Further detailed research studies on marine mammals might be conducted. Environmental awareness and educational

progammes, for all groups, might also be developed.


3 MARINE TURTLES

3.1 General questions on Appendix I marine turtles

1 Is the taking of all Appendix I marine turtles prohibited by the national implementing Yes No



1a If the taking of Appendix I marine turtles is prohibited by law, have any exceptions Yes No




2 Identify any obstacles to migration that exist in relation to Appendix I marine turtles:

By-catch Pollution



Public awareness particularly fishermen as well as patrolling staff regarding the use of specific nets that allow

escape of by-catched turtles. Regional Cooperation through PERSGA is enhaned, including habitat survey.

Nationaly,turtles are tagged


Green Turtle taged with Satellite transmitter to find out migration route.


Information support is needed.

3 What are the major pressures on Appendix I marine turtles (transcending mere obstacles to migration)?

Collection of eggs Predation of eggs

Destruction of nesting beaches



endanger species of marine turtles beyond actions to prevent disruption to migrating behaviour?

Taking of turtles eggs is banned by the Law. The nesting areas are protected during nesting season.


Migration route now known from norther part of Saudi to Eriteria of Green Turtle.


Lack of adequate experts


Training is required.


3.2 Questions on specific Appendix I marine turtles

In the following section, using the table format below, please fill in each Appendix I marine turtle species

for which your country is considered to be a Range State. Please complete each table as appropriate,

providing information in summary form. Where appropriate, please cross-reference to information

already provided in national reports that have been submitted under other conventions (e.g. Convention

on Biological Diversity, Ramsar Convention, CITES). (Attach annexes as necessary.)

Chelonia mydas– Common Name(s) Green Turtle








Research Green Turtle was taged in 2008 in north of Yanbu

in the northwest of KSA and finally reached to Iriteria via Sudan January 2009. We need more PTT studies to

find out migration routes of other species.


Monitoring more intensive monitoring programmes are needed

through the PTTs.


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?

Al Wajh and Farasan during 2006, 2008 cooperated with the Khalid al Sultan Foundation.


Some nesting areas in the Red Sea (inside Farasan Marine Protected Area) were recommended as biological

reserves.

Caretta caretta– Common Name(s) Loggerhead Turtle









Research


Monitoring


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?

NA


Long-term monitoring is planned using satellite transmitters!

Eretmochelys imbricata– Common Name(s) Hawksbill Turtle








Research


Monitoring


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?

NA



Some nesting areas in the Red Sea (inside Farasan Marine Protected Area) were recommended as biological

reserves.

Lepidochelys olivacea– Common Name(s) RidleyTurtle, Olive RidleyTurtle








Research


Monitoring


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?

NA


More turtle sites will be included in PA network after the assessment.

Dermochelys coriacea– Common Name(s) Leatherback Turtle, Leathery Turtle









Research


Monitoring


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?

NA


More turtle sites will be included in PA network after the assessements.

Miscellaneous information or comments on Appendix I marine turtles in general:

Biological studies on marine turtles werel used. Satellites were used to study the migration patterns of marine turtles.


4 TERRESTRIAL MAMMALS (OTHER THAN BATS)

4.1 General questions on Appendix I terrestrial mammals (other than bats)

1 Is the taking of all Appendix I terrestrial mammals (other than bats) prohibited by Yes No

the national implementing legislation cited in Table I(a) (General Information)?

If other legislation is relevant, please provide details: Saudi Arabia is not a Range State for the terrestrial

mammals (other than bats) listed in Appendix I

1a If the taking of Appendix I terrestrial mammals (other than bats) is prohibited by Yes No

law, have any exceptions been granted to the prohibition?



2 Identify any obstacles to migration that exist in relation to Appendix I terrestrial mammals (other than bats):

Lack of information By-catch

Habitat fragmentation Electrocution

Wind turbines Poaching

Insufficient legislation Lack of trans-boundary management

Poor communication amongst Range States Man-made barriers

Climate change and drought





3 What are the major threats to Appendix I terrestrial mammals (transcending mere obstacles to migration)?

Lack of information Habitat fragmentation

Poaching Insufficient legislation

Illegal trade Other (please specify)


endanger species of terrestrial mammal (other than bats) beyond actions to prevent disruption to migrating

behaviour?


3c Describe any factors which limit action being taken in this regard:

3d What assistance/measures, if any, does your country require to overcome these factors?


4.2 Questions on specific Appendix I terrestrial mammals (other than bats)

In the following section, using the table format below, please fill in each Appendix I terrestrial mammal

species (other than bats) for which your country is considered to be a Range State. Please complete each

table as appropriate, providing information in summary form. Where appropriate, please cross-

reference to information already provided in national reports that have been submitted under other

conventions (e.g. Convention on Biological Diversity, Ramsar Convention, CITES). (Attach annexes as

necessary.)

Oryx leucoryx (Pallas, 1777)– Common Name(s) Arabian Oryx


Full list of published records are attaches separately at the end of the document

Frolich, K., Hamblin, C., Jung, S., Ostrowski, S., Mwanzia, J., Streich, W.J., Anderson, J., Armstrong, R.M., Anajariyah, S. (2005). Serologic surveillance for selected viral agents in captive and free-ranging populations of Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) from Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. Journal of Wildlife Disease, 41(1), 67-79.

Strauss, W. W. A., S. (2007). The Arabian oryx re-introduction program in Saudi Arabia. Re-introduction NEWS(No. 26), 3.

Shobrak, M. (2007). Evaluation of the Arabian oryx re-introduction programs in the range stages: lessons to learn. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 14(2), 14.


Teller, M. (2009). RX for Oryx. Saudi Aramco World, 60(5).

Hethem, R. S. (2009). Adapting to climate change: the effect of desertification on the physiology of free-living ungulates. Unpublished PhD, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.

Arif, I. A., Khan, H.A., Bahkali, A.H., Al Homaidan, A.A., Al Farhan, A.H., Shobrak, M., Al Sadoon, M. (2009). Comparison of neighbour-joining and maximum-parsimony methods for molecular phylogeny of oryx species using 12SrRNA and 16SrRNA gene sequences. Animal Biology Journal, 1(2), 9.

Islam, M. Z., Knutson, C., Boug, A. (2010). Strategy and Action Plan to Reduce the Risk of Mass Mortalities of Reintroduced ungulates in the Mahazat as-Sayd Protected Area in Saudi Arabia. Gnusletter - IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group, 28(Number 2): 7-15.

Islam, M. Z., Ismael, K., Boug, A. (2010). Catastrophic die-off of globally threatened Arabian oryx and Sand gazelle in the fenced protected area of the arid central Saudi Arabia. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 2(2), 677-684.

Ismail, K., Kamal, K., Plath, & Wronski, T. (2011). Effect of an exceptional drought on daily activity patterns, reproductive behaviour, and reproductive success of reintroduced Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx). Journal of Arid Environments, 75 (2), 125-131.








Research Research on reintroduction site (Mahazat as-Sady

Protected Area) and in the Rub al Khali (Uruq Bani Maarid Protected Area) in the Empty Quarter carried out.

Identification and establishment of protected areas Mahazat as-Sayd and Uruq Bani Maarid protected

areas are established.

Monitoring Intensive monitoring programs in place.

Education / awareness rising SWC organizes public awareness programs for

Oryx and other species.

Species protection It is highly protected under the law.

Control hunting / poaching It is protected. Very few incidents of hunting occurs

in Uruq Bani Maarid protected areas.

Species restoration The species is restored through the re-introduction

programmes.

Habitat protection Two major habitats are restored and declared as

protected areas mentioned above.

Habitat restoration

Other Regional and national strategy plans are done to

restore the species and its habitat.


taken?

Research and monitoring programs are in place.

5 Describe any future activities that are planned for this species?

Long-term monitoring of Arabian oryx in Mahazat as-Sayd and Uruq Bani Maarid protected areas.

Miscellaneous information or comments on Appendix I terrestrial mammals (other than bats) in general:


5. BATS

5.1 General questions on Appendix I bats

1 Is the taking of all Appendix I bats prohibited by the national implementing Yes No


If other legislation is relevant, please provide details: Saudi Arabia is not a Range State for Appendix I bats

1a If the taking of Appendix I bats is prohibited by law, have any exceptions Yes No


If Yes, please provide details (Include the date on which the exception was

notified to the CMS Secretariat pursuant to CMS Article III(7)):

2 Identify any obstacles to migration that exist in relation to Appendix I bats:

Vandalism of bat caves





3 What are the major threats to Appendix I bats (transcending mere obstacles to migration)?

Pollution Habitat fragmentation and loss



endanger species of bats beyond actions to prevent disruption to migrating behaviour?



3d What assistance/measures, if any, does your country require to overcome these factors?


5.2 Questions on specific Appendix I bat species

In the following section, using the table format below, please fill in each Appendix I bat species for which

your country is considered to be a Range State. Please complete each table as appropriate, providing

information in summary form. Where appropriate, please cross-reference to information already

provided in national reports that have been submitted under other conventions (e.g. Convention on

Biological Diversity, Ramsar Convention, CITES). (Attach annexes as necessary.)

Species name – Common Name(s)




2c Summarise information on trends (if known):


2c Summarise information on distribution (if known):




Research


Monitoring


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?


Miscellaneous information or comments on Appendix I terrestrial mammals (other than bats) in general:


6. OTHER TAXA

6.1 General questions on Appendix I species belonging to other taxa

1 Identify the Ministry, agency/department, or organisation responsible for leading actions relating to Appendix I

listed species belonging to taxa not included in sections 1-5 above:

SWC in cooperation with the Ministry of Agriculture

2 Is the taking of all Appendix I species belonging to taxa not included in Yes No

sections 1-5 above, prohibited by the national legislation listed as being

implementing legislation in Table I(a) (General Information)?


2a If the taking of Appendix I species belonging to taxa not included in Yes No

sections 1-5 above is prohibited by law, have any exceptions been

granted to the prohibition?

If Yes, please provide details (Include the date on which the exception was

notified to the CMS Secretariat pursuant to CMS Article III(7)):

3 Identify any obstacles to migration that exist in relation to Appendix I species belonging to taxa not included in

sections 1-5 above:

Lack of legislation

Other threats to migration (please provide details) No significant obstacle is observed but information on the

migrating behaviour is insufficient.




technical assisstance on migratory species, particularly joint studies with range states is needed

4 What are the major threats to Appendix I species belonging to taxa not included in sections 1-5 above

(transcending mere obstacles to migration)?

Other (please specify) Poaching, habitat loss and habitat alteration.


endanger species belonging to taxa not included in section 1-5 above beyond actions to prevent disruption to

migrating behaviour?

Ban on taking is enforced


some progress is observed



same as 3c above


6.2 Questions on specific Appendix I species belonging to other taxa

In the following section, using the table format below, please fill in each Appendix I species belonging to

taxa not included in sections 1-5 above, for which your country is considered to be a Range State.

Please complete each table as appropriate, providing information in summary form. Where

appropriate, please cross-reference to information already provided in national reports that have been

submitted under other conventions (e.g. Convention on Biological Diversity, Ramsar Convention,

CITES). (Attach annexes as necessary.)

Carcharodon carcharias – Common Name(s)








Research


Monitoring


Species protection


Species restoration

Habitat protection

Habitat restoration

Other


taken?


Miscellaneous information or comments on Appendix I bats in general:


7 LISTING OF OTHER ENDANGERED MIGRATORY SPECIES IN APPENDIX I

1 Is your country a Range State for any other endangered migratory species1

Yes No

not currently listed in Appendix I?

If Yes, please provide details:

N.B.: States in which a species occurs as a vagrant (i.e. not "on its normal migration route") should not be treated

as Range States. Please refer to Article 1 of the Convention for clarification.

1a Is your country taking any steps to propose listing any of these species? Yes No


1b What assistance/measures, if any, does your country require to initiate the listing of these species?

1 according to the latest IUCN red data list


III. Appendix II Species

1. INFORMATION ON APPENDIX II SPECIES

Information pertaining to the conservation of Appendix II species that are the object of CMS

Agreements will have been provided in periodic Party reports to those instruments. It will suffice

therefore to reference (below), and preferably append, a copy of the latest report that has been

submitted to the Secretariat of each of the Agreement/MoUs to which your country is a Party.

WADDEN SEA SEALS (1991)

Date of last report: Period covered:

SIBERIAN CRANE MoU (1993/1999)


EUROBATS (1994)


ASCOBANS (1994)


SLENDER-BILLED CURLEW MoU (1994)


MARINE TURTLES – AFRICA MoU (1999)


AEWA (1999)


ACCOBAMS (2001)


GREAT BUSTARD MoU (2001)


MARINE TURTLES – INDIAN OCEAN / SOUTHEAST ASIA MoU (2001)


ALBATROSSES AND PETRELS (2001)


BUKHARA DEER MoU (2002)


AQUATIC WARBLER MoU (2003)


AFRICAN ELEPHANT MoU (2005)


PACIFIC ISLANDS CETACEANS (2006)


MEDITERRANEAN MONK SEAL (2007)



2. QUESTIONS ON CMS AGREEMENTS

2.1 Questions on the development of new CMS Agreements relating to birds

1 In the current reporting period, has your country initiated the development of any Yes No

new CMS Agreements, including Memoranda of Understanding, to address the

conservation needs of Appendix II bird species?

If Yes, what is the current state of development?

An english draft (8th revision) of the agreement was circulated to the range states. An arabic version was

drafted. Coordination with CMS secretariat is going on for finalization of the agreement

2 In the current reporting period, has your country participated in the development Yes No

of any new CMS Agreements, including Memoranda of Understanding, which address

the conservation needs of Appendix II bird species?


Saudi Arabia participated in a meetings to develop MoU on Raptors.

3 If your country has initiated or is participating in the development of a new Agreement or Memorandum of

Understanding, what assistance, if any, does your country require in order to initiate or participate in the

instrument’s development? Assisstance of the secretariat is needed to convene a meeting of the range states

before or during COP to further improve the agreement

4 Is the development of any CMS Agreement for birds, including Memoranda of Yes No

Understanding, planned by your country in the foreseeable future?


2.2 Questions on the development of new CMS Agreements relating to marine mammals



conservation needs of Appendix II marine mammal species?




the conservation needs of Appendix II marine mammal species?


Saudi Arabia participated in the second meeting to develop MoU on Dugong



instrument’s development?

Saudi Arabia might sign MoU on Dugong in near future. SWC conducted a monitoring surveys in the Red sea.

Survyes were conducted on Dugong in Alwajh bank and north Yanbu in 2002, in cooperation with JAICA&

particularly in Farasan Island (Anas2010)

4 Is the development of any CMS Agreement for marine mammals, including Yes No

Memoranda of Understanding, planned by your country in the foreseeable future?



2.3 Questions on the development of new CMS Agreements relating to marine turtles



conservation needs of Appendix II marine turtles?




the conservation needs of Appendix II marine turtles?





4 Is the development of any CMS Agreement for marine turtles, including Yes No

Memoranda of Understanding, planned by your country in the foreseeable future?


2.4 Questions on the development of new CMS Agreements relating to terrestrial mammals

(other than bats)



conservation needs of Appendix II terrestrial mammal species (other than bats)?




the conservation needs of Appendix II terrestrial mammal species (other than bats)?





4 Is the development of any CMS Agreement for terrestrial mammals (other than bats), Yes No

including Memoranda of Understanding, planned by your country in the foreseeable future?


2.5 Questions on the development of new CMS Agreements relating to bats



conservation needs of Appendix II bat species?




the conservation needs of Appendix II bat species?





4 Is the development of any CMS Agreement for bats, including Memoranda of Yes No

Understanding, planned by your country in the future?



2.6 QUESTIONS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW CMS AGREEMENTS RELATING TO OTHER TAXA

1 In the current reporting period, has your country initiated the development of any new Yes No

CMS Agreements, including Memoranda of Understanding, to address the conservation

needs of Appendix II species belonging to taxa not included in sections 1-6 above?




the conservation needs of species belonging to taxa not included in sections 1-6 above?





4 Is the development of any CMS Agreement for other taxa, including Memoranda of Yes No

Understanding, planned by your country in the foreseeable future?


3. LISTING OF MIGRATORY SPECIES IN APPENDIX II

1 Is your country a Range State for any migratory species that has an unfavourable Yes No

conservation status, but is not currently listed in Appendix II and could benefit

from the conclusion of an Agreement for its conservation?


N.B.: States in which a species occurs as a vagrant (i.e. not "on its normal migration route") should not be treated

as Range States. Please refer to Article 1 of the Convention for clarification.

1a Is your country taking any steps to propose the listing of this/these species in Appendix II? Yes No


1b What assistance, if any, does your country require to initiate the listing of this/these species?


IV. National and Regional Priorities

1 What priority does your country assign to the conservation and,

where applicable, sustainable use of migratory species in

comparison to other biodiversity-related issues

Low Medium High

2 Are migratory species and their habitats addressed by your country’s national Yes No

biodiversity strategy or action plan?

If Yes, please indicate and briefly describe the extent to which it addresses the following issues:

Conservation, sustainable use and/or restoration of migratory species

Conservation, sustainable use and/or restoration of the habitats of migratory species, including protected

areas

Actions to prevent, reduce or control factors that are endangering or are likely to further endanger

migratory species (e.g. alien invasive species or by-catch)

Minimizing or eliminating barriers or obstacles to migration

Research and monitoring of migratory species

Transboundary co-operation

3 Does the conservation of migratory species currently feature in any other national Yes No

or regional policies/plans (apart from CMS Agreements)


National System Plan for Protected Areas; Convention on Wildlife Protection in GCC Countries; Regional

Agreement for Conservation of the red Sea and Gulf of Aden (PERSGA); Regional Agreement ofr Protection of

Marine Environment (ROPME).

3a Do these policies/plans cover the following areas (if Yes, please provide details):

Yes No

Exploitation of natural resources (e.g. fisheries, hunting, etc.)

Economic development

Land-use planning

Pollution control

Designation and development of protected areas

Development of ecological networks

Planning of power lines

Planning of fences

Planning of dams

Other

4 Results – please describe the positive outcomes of any actions taken


V. Protected Areas

1 Are migratory species taken into account in the selection, establishment and Yes No

management of protected areas in your country?


Presence of migratory species (e.g. birds, turtles) is one of the criteria used to select sites for establishment of

protected areas

1a Please identify the most important national sites for migratory species and their protection status:

Farasan Islands in Red Sea and Al Jubail reserve in the Arabian Gulf.

1b Do these protected areas cover the following areas? (If Yes, please provide details and include the amount of

protected areas coverage and the number of protected areas):

Yes No

Terrestrial

Aquatic

Marine

1c Identify the agency, department or organization responsible for leading on this action in your country:

The Saudi Wildlife Commission (SWC)


Some areas as wintering ground of Houbara Bustards was declared as protected area for conservation of the

species.

VI. Policies on Satellite Telemetry

1 In the current reporting period, has your country undertaken Yes No

conservation/research projects that use satellite telemetry?

In preparation on-going completed

2 Are any future conservation/research projects planned that will use Yes No

satellite telemetry?

If Yes, please provide details (including the expected timeframe for these projects):

Houbara bustard and Imperial eagle fitted with PTTs and for houbara more PTTs will be fitted to investigate

migratory routes of wild birds in Saudi Arabia. Marine Turtles have been fitted with the PTTs in the country.

If No, please explain any impediments or requirements in this regard:


The tagged houbara bustard are confined to certain protected areas but Imperial Eagele PTT provided long

range migration route data.


VII. Membership

1 Have actions been taken by your country to encourage non- Parties Yes No

to join CMS and its related Agreements?

If Yes, please provide details. (In particular, describe actions taken to recruit the non-Parties that have been

identified by the Standing Committee as high priorities for recruitment.)

Saudi Arabia urged the the non parties arab states to join CMs and related Agreements and MoUs

1a Identify the agency, department or organization responsible for leading on this action in your country:

The Saudi Wildlife Commission (SWC).


VIII. Global and National Importance of CMS

1 Have actions been taken by your country to increase national, regional Yes No

and/or global awareness of the relevance of CMS and its global importance

in the context of biodiversity conservation?


Reference to CMS importance is stressed in media release by SWC.

2 Identify the agency, department or organization responsible for leading on this action in your country:

The Saudi Wildlife Commission (SWC).


IX. Mobilization of Resources

1 Has your country made financial resources available for conservation activities having Yes No

direct benefits for migratory species in your country?

If Yes, please provide details (Indicate the migratory species that have benefited from these activities):

Migratory birds and turtles

2 Has your country made voluntary contributions to the CMS Trust Fund to support Yes No

requests from developing countries and countries with economies in transition?


3 Has your country made other voluntary financial contributions to support Yes No

conservation activities having direct benefits for migratory species in other

countries (particularly developing countries)?


HRH Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz International Foundation for Conservation and Development of

Wildlife (IFCDW) was established in Agadir, Morocco. for captive breeding and release of Houbara Bustard.


4 Has your country provided technical and/or scientific assistance to Yes No

developing countries to facilitate initiatives for the benefit of migratory species?


Houbara Bustard

5 Has your country received financial assistance/support from the CMS Trust Yes No

Fund, via the CMS Secretariat, for national conservation activities having

direct benefits for migratory species in your country?


6 Has your country received financial assistance/support from sources other Yes No

than the CMS Secretariat for conservation activities having direct benefit

for migratory species in your country?



X. Implementation of COP Resolutions and Recommendations

Please provide information about measures undertaken by your country relating to recent Resolutions

and Recommendations since the last Report. For your convenience please refer to the list of COP

Resolutions and Recommendations listed below.

Resolutions

Resolution 6.2 – By-catch, and Recommendation 7.2 – Implementation of Resolution 6.2 on By-catch

Resolution 6.3 – Southern Hemisphere Albatross Conservation

Resolution 7.2 – Impact Assessment and Migratory Species: Environmental impact assessment is a requirement under

the General Environment Code, 2002,

Resolution 7.3 – Oil Pollution and Migratory Species

Coastal Zone Mannagement Plan for the Kingdom which includes Oil Spill Contingency Plans, developed by the

Presidency of Metereology and Environment (PME)

Other Precautionary measures and mechanism for restoration are in place, as required also by the following treaties to

which the Kingdom is a Party: International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution of the Sea by Oil, 1954

Protocol Concerning Regional Cooperation in Combating Pollution by Oil and Other Harmful Substances in Cases of

Emergency. Kuwait 1978; Protocol Concerning Marine Pollution Resulting from the Exploration and Exploitation of

the Continental Shelf. Kuwait, 1989

Resolution 7.4 – Electrocution of Migratory BirdsFew such hazards have been reported. However, this issue is

addressed by a project on soaring migratory birds.

Resolution 7.5 – Wind Turbines and Migratory Species

Wind turbines are not used for commercial energy production in the Kingdom

Resolution 7.9 – Cooperation with Other Bodies and Processes

Resolution 7.15 – Future Action on the Antarctic Minke, Bryde’s and Pygmy Right Whales under the Convention on

Migratory Species

Resolution 8.1 – Sustainable Use

Resolution 8.2 – CMS Strategic Plan 2006-2010

Resolution 8.5 - Implementation of Existing Agreements and Development of Future Agreements

Saudi Arabia signed MoU on Merine Turtles in IOSEA and is conducting activities specified in the action Plan. Saudi

Arabia will soon sign other MoUs for Dugong and Raptors.

Resolution 8.7 - Contribution of CMS in Achieving the 2010 Biodiversity Target

Resolution 8.9 - Review of GROMS (Global Register on Migratory Species)

Resolution 8.11 - Co-operation with other Conventions

National agencies and ministries in Saudi Arabia are collaborating with each other regarding biodiversity related

activities

Resolution 8.13 - Climate Change and Migratory Species


Resolution 8.14 – By-Catch

Resolution 8.22 - Adverse Human Induced Impacts on Cetaceans: Ban on taking Cetaceans in place

Resolution 8.24 - National Reports for the Eight and Ninth Meetings of the Conference of the Parties

National report for eights and ninth meeting were prepared and submitted.

Resolution 8.27 - Migratory Species and Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza:

Saudi Arabia developed contingency plan and patrol wetland sites and check poultry production areas.

Resolution 8.29 - Concerted Actions for Appendix I Species

Recommendations

Recommendation 7.5 – Range State Agreement for Dugong (Dugong dugon) Conservation

Saudi Arabia participated in meeting for development of MoU on Dugong and will soon sign the finalized MoU.

Recommendation 7.6 – Improving the Conservation Status of the Leatherback Turtle (Dermochelys coriacea)

The species and its key habitats are protected.

Recommendation 7.7 – America Pacific Flyway Programme

Recommendation 8.12 - Improving the conservation status of raptors and owls in the African Eurasian region

Saudi Arabia participated at meeting on the development of MoU on raptors.

Recommendation 8.16 – Migratory Sharks

The migratory species are protected

Recommendation 8.17 – Marine Turtles

Saudi Arabia signed MoU on conservation of Marine Turtles in IOSEA.

Recommendation 8.23 - Central Eurasian and Aridland Mammals

Recommendation 8.26 - Grassland Bird Species and their Habitats in Southern South America???

Recommendation 8.28 - Cooperative Actions for Appendix II Species

Other resolutions/recommendations:

Other remarks:


Annex: Updating Data on Appendix II Species

The tables below contain the list of all species listed in Appendix II.

New Parties which have acceded since COP8 in 2005 and Parties which did not submit a National

Report in 2005 are requested to complete the entire form.

Parties that did submit a report in 2005 need only which information has changed (e.g. new

published distribution references and details concerning species added to Appendix II at COP8).

Species Range

State

Extinct at

National

level

No

information

available

Published distribution

reference

CETACEA

Rhinolophus ferrumequinum

(only European populations)

Rhinolophus hipposideros


Rhinolophus euryale


Rhinolophus mehelyi


Rhinolophus blasii


Myotis bechsteini


Myotis blythi


Myotis brandtii


Myotis capaccinii


Myotis dasycneme


Myotis daubentoni


Myotis emarginatus


Myotis myotis


Myotis mystacinus


Myotis nattereri


Pipistrellus kuhli


Pipistrellus nathusii


Pipistrellus pipistrellus


Pipistrellus savii


Nyctalus lasiopterus


Nyctalus leisleri



Species Range

State

Extinct at

National

level

No

information

available


reference

Nyctalus noctula


Eptesicus nilssonii


Eptesicus serotinus


Vespertilio murinus


Barbastella barbastellus


Plecotus auritus


Plecotus austriacus


Miniopterus schreibersii


Tadarida teniotis

CETACEA

Physeter macrocephalus

Platanista gangetica gangetica

Pontoporia blainvillei

Inia geoffrensis

Delphinapterus leucas

Monodon monoceros

Phocoena phocoena

(North and Baltic Sea populations)

Phocoena phocoena

(western North Atlantic population)

Phocoena phocoena

(Black Sea population)

Neophocaena phocaenoides

Phocoenoides dalli

Phocoena spinipinnis

Phocoena dioptrica

Sousa chinensis

Sousa teuszii

Sotalia fluviatilis

Lagenorhynchus albirostris

(only North and Baltic Sea populations)

Lagenorhynchus acutus


Lagenorhynchus australis

Lagenorhynchus obscurus

Grampus griseus


Tursiops aduncus

(Arafura/Timor Sea populations)

Tursiops truncatus



Species Range

State

Extinct at

National

level

No

information

available


reference

Tursiops truncatus

(western Mediterranean population)

Tursiops truncatus


Stenella attenuata

(eastern tropical Pacific population)

Stenella attenuata

(Southeast Asian populations)

Stenella longirostris

(eastern tropical Pacific populations)

Stenella longirostris


Stenella coeruleoalba


Stenella coeruleoalba


Delphinus delphis


Delphinus delphis


Delphinus delphis


Delphinus delphis


Lagenodelphis hosei


Orcaella brevirostris

Cephalorhynchus commersonii

(South American population)

Cephalorhynchus eutropia

Cephalorhynchus heavisidii

Orcinus orca

Globicephala melas


Berardius bairdii

Hyperoodon ampullatus

Balaenoptera bonaerensis

Balaenoptera edeni

Balaenoptera borealis

Balaenoptera physalus

Caperea marginata

CARNIVORA

Arctocephalus australis

Otaria flavescens

Phoca vitulina

(only Baltic and Wadden Sea populations)

Halichoerus grypus

(only Baltic Sea populations)

Monachus monachus


PROBOSCIDEA

Loxodonta africana

SIRENIA

Trichechus manatus

(populations between Honduras and Panama)

Trichechus senegalensis

Trichechus inunguis

Dugong dugon

PERISSODACTYLA

Equus hemionus

(includes Equus hemionus, Equus onager and Equus kiang)

ARTIODACTYLA

Vicugna vicugna

Oryx dammah

Gazella gazella

(only Asian populations)

Gazella subgutturosa Intensive monitoring and

research programs are in

place in Mahazat as-Sayd

and Uruq Bani Maarid

protected areas. Procapra gutturosa

Saiga tatarica tatarica

GAVIIFORMES

Gavia stellata

(Western Palearctic populations)

Gavia arctica arctica

Gavia arctica suschkini

Gavia immer immer

(Northwest European population)

Gavia adamsii

(Western Palearctic population)

PODICIPEDIFORMES

Podiceps grisegena grisegena

Podiceps auritus


PELECANIFORMES

Phalacrocorax nigrogularis

Phalacrocorax pygmeus

Pelecanus onocrotalus


Pelecanus crispus

CICONIIFORMES

Botaurus stellaris stellaris


Ixobrychus minutus minutus


Ixobrychus sturmii

Ardeola rufiventris

Ardeola idae

Egretta vinaceigula

Casmerodius albus albus


Ardea purpurea purpurea


(populations breeding in the Western Palearctic)

Mycteria ibis

Ciconia nigra

Ciconia episcopus microscelis

Ciconia ciconia

Plegadis falcinellus

Geronticus eremita

Threskiornis aethiopicus aethiopicus

Platalea alba

(excluding Malagasy population)

Platalea leucorodia

Phoenicopterus ruber

Phoenicopterus minor

ANSERIFORMES

Dendrocygna bicolor

Dendrocygna viduata

Thalassornis leuconotus

Oxyura leucocephala

Cygnus olor

Cygnus cygnus

Cygnus columbianus

Anser brachyrhynchus

Anser fabalis

Anser albifrons

Anser erythropus

Anser anser

Branta leucopsis

Branta bernicla

Branta ruficollis

Alopochen aegyptiacus

Tadorna ferruginea

Tadorna cana

Tadorna tadorna

Plectropterus gambensis

Sarkidiornis melanotos

Nettapus auritus

Anas penelope

Anas strepera

Anas crecca

Anas capensis

Anas platyrhynchos

Anas undulata

Anas acuta

Anas erythrorhyncha

Anas hottentota

Anas querquedula

Anas clypeata

Marmaronetta angustirostris

Netta rufina

Netta erythrophthalma

Aythya ferina

Aythya nyroca

Aythya fuligula


Aythya marila

Somateria mollissima

Somateria spectabilis

Polysticta stelleri

Clangula hyemalis

Melanitta nigra

Melanitta fusca

Bucephala clangula

Mergellus albellus

Mergus serrator

Mergus merganser

FALCONIFORMES

Pandion haliaetus

GALLIFORMES

Coturnix coturnix coturnix

SPHENISCIFORMES

Spheniscus demersus

PROCELLARIIFORMES

Diomedea exulans

Diomedea epomophora

Diomedea irrorata

Diomedea nigripes

Diomedea immutabilis

Diomedea melanophris

Diomedea bulleri

Diomedea cauta

Diomedea chlororhynchos

Diomedea chrysostoma

Phoebetria fusca

Phoebetria palpebrata

Macronectes giganteus

Macronectes halli

Procellaria cinerea

Procellaria aequinoctialis

Procellaria aequinoctialis conspicillata

Procellaria parkinsoni

Procellaria westlandica

GRUIFORMES

Porzana porzana


Porzana parva parva

Porzana pusilla intermedia

Fulica atra atra

(Mediterranean and Black Sea populations)

Aenigmatolimnas marginalis

Sarothrura boehmi

Sarothrura ayresi

Crex crex

Grus leucogeranus

Grus virgo (Syn. Anthropoides virgo)

Grus paradisea

Grus carunculatus

Grus grus


Chlamydotis undulata

(only Asian populations)

Otis tarda

CHARADRIIFORMES

Himantopus himantopus

Recurvirostra avosetta

Dromas ardeola

Burhinus oedicnemus

Glareola pratincola

Glareola nordmanni

Pluvialis apricaria

Pluvialis squatarola

Charadrius hiaticula

Charadrius dubius

Charadrius pecuarius

Charadrius tricollaris

Charadrius forbesi

Charadrius pallidus

Charadrius alexandrinus

Charadrius marginatus

Charadrius mongulus

Charadrius leschenaultii

Charadrius asiaticus

Eudromias morinellus

Vanellus vanellus

Vanellus spinosus

Vanellus albiceps

Vanellus senegallus

Vanellus lugubris

Vanellus melanopterus

Vanellus coronatus

Vanellus superciliosus

Vanellus gregarius (Syn Chettusia

gregaria)

Vanellus leucurus

Gallinago media

Gallinago gallinago

Lymnocryptes minimus

Limosa limosa

Limosa lapponica

Numenius phaeopus

Numenius tenuirostris

Numenius arquata

Tringa erythropus

Tringa totanus

Tringa stagnatilis

Tringa nebularia

Tringa ochropus

Tringa glareola

Tringa cinerea

Tringa hypoleucos

Arenaria interpres

Calidris tenuirostris

Calidris canutus


Calidris alba

Calidris minuta

Calidris temminckii

Calidris maritima

Calidris alpina

Calidris ferruginea

Limicola falcinellus

Philomachus pugnax

Phalaropus lobatus

Phalaropus fulicaria

Larus hemprichii

Larus leucophthalmus

Larus ichthyaetus

(West Eurasian and African population)

Larus melanocephalus

Larus genei

Larus audouinii

Larus armenicus

Sterna nilotica nilotica

(West Eurasian and African populations)

Sterna caspia

(West Eurasian and African populations)

Sterna maxima albidorsalis

Sterna bergii

(African and Southwest Asian populations)

Sterna bengalensis

(African and Southwest Asian populations)

Sterna sandvicensis sandvicensis

Sterna dougallii

(Atlantic population)

Sterna hirundo hirundo


Sterna paradisaea

(Atlantic populations)

Sterna albifrons

Sterna saundersi

Sterna balaenarum

Sterna repressa

Chlidonias niger niger

Chlidonias leucopterus

(West Eurasian and African population)

COLUMBIFORMES

Streptopelia turtur turtur

CORACIIFORMES

Merops apiaster

Coracias garrulus

PSITTACIFORMES

Amazona tucumana

PASSERIFORMES

Hirundo atrocaerulea

Pseudocolopteryx dinellianus

Polystictus pectoralis pectoralis

Sporophila ruficollis

Acrocephalus paludicola


TESTUDINATA

Chelonia depressa

Chelonia mydas

Caretta caretta

Eretmochelys imbricata

Lepidochelys kempii

Lepidochelys olivacea

Dermochelys coriacea

Podocnemis expansa

CROCODYLIA

Crocodylus porosus

ACIPENSERIFORMES

Huso huso

Huso dauricus

Acipenser baerii baicalensis

Acipenser fulvescens

Acipenser gueldenstaedtii

Acipenser medirostris

Acipenser mikadoi

Acipenser naccarii

Acipenser nudiventris

Acipenser persicus

Acipenser ruthenus

(Danube population)

Acipenser schrenckii

Acipenser sinensis

Acipenser stellatus

Acipenser sturio

Pseudoscaphirhynchus kaufmanni

Pseudoscaphirhynchus hermanni

Pseudoscaphirhynchus fedtschenkoi

Psephurus gladius

ORECTOLOBIFORMES

Rhincodon typus

LAMNIFORMES

Carcharodon carcharias

LEPIDOPTERA

Danaus plexippus


All species of each of the Families below are listed in Appendix II. If your country is a Range State

for any of the species in these Families, please enter the species name in the first column, under the

relevant Family heading. Please indicate (with a ‘X’) whether your country is a Range State or the

species is extinct and, where appropriate, please provide published distribution references. (Space

is provided for ten species in each Family. If additional lines are required, please attach the

information as an annex).

Species Range State Extinct Published distribution reference

Order FALCONIFORMES, Family Cathartidae

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Order FALCONIFORMES, Family Accipitridae

RangeState Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Order FALCONIFORMES, Family Falconidae

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Order PASSERIFORMES, Family Muscicapidae

Range State Extinct


Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct

Range State Extinct


References on Arabian Oryx (refer to Arabian oryx section)

Ismail, K., Kamal, K., Plath, & Wronski, T. (2011). Effect of an exceptional drought on daily activity patterns, reproductive behaviour, and reproductive success of reintroduced Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx). Journal of Arid Environments, 75 (2), 125-131.

Islam, M. Z., Knutson, C., Boug, A. (2010). Strategy and Action Plan to Reduce the Risk of Mass Mortalities of Reintroduced ungulates in the Mahazat as-Sayd Protected Area in Saudi Arabia. Gnusletter - IUCN SSC Antelope Specialist Group, 28(Number 2): 7-15.

Islam, M. Z., Ismael, K., Boug, A. (2010). Catastrophic die-off of globally threatened Arabian oryx and Sand gazelle in the fenced protected area of the arid central Saudi Arabia. Journal of Threatened Taxa, 2(2), 677-684.

Teller, M. (2009). RX for Oryx. Saudi Aramco World, 60(5).

Hethem, R. S. (2009). Adapting to climate change: the effect of desertification on the physiology of free-living ungulates. Unpublished PhD, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg.

Arif, I. A., Khan, H.A., Bahkali, A.H., Al Homaidan, A.A., Al Farhan, A.H., Shobrak, M., Al Sadoon, M. (2009). Comparison of neighbour-joining and maximum-parsimony methods for molecular phylogeny of oryx species using 12SrRNA and 16SrRNA gene sequences. Animal Biology Journal, 1(2), 9.

Strauss, W. W. A., S. (2007). The Arabian oryx re-introduction program in Saudi Arabia. Re-introduction NEWS(No. 26), 3.



Frolich, K., Hamblin, C., Jung, S., Ostrowski, S., Mwanzia, J., Streich, W.J., Anderson, J., Armstrong, R.M., Anajariyah, S. (2005). Serologic surveillance for selected viral agents in captive and free-ranging populations of Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) from Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. Journal of Wildlife Disease, 41(1), 67-79.

van Heezik, Y., Ismail, K., & Seddon, P. J. (2003). Shifting spatial distributions of Arabian oryx in relation to sporadic water provision and artificial shade. Oryx, 37(3), 295-304.

Thomas, J. (2003). Coping in the heat: hot oryx coming in from the shade. BBC Wildlife, July 2003, 30.

Strauss, W. M. (2003). An ecological study of reintroduced Arabian oryx in the 'Uruq Bani Ma'arid protected area of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Unpublished Msc Dissertation, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa, 281pp.

Smith, M. (2003). Bringing the Empty Quarter back to life. Geographical, 75(7), 52-55.

Seddon, P. J., Ismail, K., Shobrak, M., Ostrowski, S., & Magin, C. (2003). A comparison of derived population estimate, mark-resighting and distance sampling methods to determine the population size of a desert ungulate, the Arabian oryx. Oryx, 37(3), 286-294.

Ostrowski, S., Williams, J., & Ismail, K. (2003). Heterothermy and water economy of free-living Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx). The Journal of Experimental Biology, 206, 1471-1478.

Mésochina, P., Ostrowski, S., & Ismail, K. (2003). Arabian oryx monitoring into Mahazat as-Sayd Protected Area - Saudi Arabia: from rehabilitation to population management. Re-introduction News. Newsletter of the IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group, 23, 29-30.

Mésochina, P., Bedin, E., & Ostrowski, S. (2003). Reintroducing antelopes into arid areas: lessons learnt from the oryx in Saudi Arabia. Comptes Rendus Académie des Sciences de Paris - Biologies, 326(Numéro Supplement 1), 158-165.

Mésochina, P., Bedin, E., & Ostrowski, S. (2003). Arabian oryx re-introduction in 'Uruq Bani Ma'arid, Saudi Arabia: update with emphasis on mortality. Re-introduction News. Newsletter of the IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group, 22, 38-39.

Bedin, E., & Ostrowski, S. (2003). Arabian oryx monitoring at 'Uruq Bani Ma'arid Protected Area, Saudi Arabia: population size estimate. Re-Introduction News. Newsletter of the IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group, 23, 30-31.

Anon. (2003). Hot oryx opts for heterothermy. Journal of Experimental Biology, 206(9), 1429.

Strauss, W. M. (2002). Towards the effective management of the Arabian oryx Oryx leucoryx in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Zeitschrift Fur Jagdwissenschaft, 48, 7-16.

Seddon, P. J., & Ismail, K. (2002). Influence of ambient temperature on diurnal activity of Arabian oryx: implications for reintroduction site selection. Oryx, 36(1), 50-55.

Ostrowski, S., Williams, J. B., Bedin, E., & Ismail, K. (2002). Water influx and food consumption of free-living oryxes (Oryx leucoryx) in the Arabian desert in summer. Journal of Mammalogy, 83(3), 665-673.

http://www.nwrc.gov.sa/NWRC_ENG/Oryx_publications_files/Ismail%20et%20al.%20%282010%29.pdf



http://www.saudiaramcoworld.com/issue/200905/rx.for.oryx.htm

http://wiredspace.wits.ac.za/handle/10539/7981

http://wiredspace.wits.ac.za/handle/10539/7981

http://www.nwrc.gov.sa/NWRC_ENG/Oryx_publications_files/1-2009-004.pdf








http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09072005-094954/



























Ostrowski, S., Anajariyya, S., Kamp, E. M., & Bedin, E. (2002). Isolation of Brucella melitensis from Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx). The Veterinary Record, 150(6), 186-188.

Williams, J. B., Ostrowski, S., Bedin, E., & Ismail, K. (2001). Seasonal variation in energy expenditure, water flux and food consumption of Arabian oryx Oryx leucoryx. The Journal of Experimental Biology, 204(13), 2301-2311.

Treydte, A., Williams, J. B., Bedin, E., Ostrowski, S., Seddon, P. J., Marschall, T., et al. (2001). In search of the optimal management strategy for Arabian oryx. Animal Conservation, 4(3), 239-249.

Ostrowski, S., & Bedin, E. (2001). Arabian oryx re-introduction in 'Uruq Bani Ma'arid, Saudi Arabia: summary and update: January 2001. Re-introduction News. Newsletter of the IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group, 20, 16-17.

Treydte, A. C. (2000). In search of the optimal management strategy for Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) in Mahazat as-Sayd, Saudi Arabia. Unpublished Master of Science Thesis, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA, 72pp.

Grainger, A. (2000). Can you see the oryx? Ahlan Wasahlan, April 2000, 12-16.

Asmodé, J.-F. (2000). L'oryx d'Arabie, l'antilope du désert ressuscitée. Le Courrier de la Nature, 182, 30-32.

Seddon, P. J. (1999). Persistence without intervention: assessing success in wildlife reintroductions. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 14(12), 503.

Marshall, T. C., Sunnucks, P., Spalton, J. A., Greth, A., & Pemberton, J. M. (1999). Use of genetic data for conservation management: the case of the Arabian oryx. Animal Conservation, 2(4), 269-278.

Wacher, T. J. (1998). Great white hope. BBC Wildlife, July, 62-69.

Wacher, T. J. (1998). Oryx monitoring at 'Uruq Bani Ma'arid, Saudi Arabia: 1997 progress report. Re-introduction News. Newsletter of the IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group, 16, 15-16.

Ostrowski, S., Bedin, E., Lenain, D. M., & Abuzinada, A. H. (1998). Ten years of Arabian oryx conservation breeding in Saudi Arabia. Achievements and regional perspectives. Oryx, 32(3), 209-222.

Blanvillain, C. (1998). Contribution à la compréhension de la stratégie de reproduction de l'oryx d'Arabie (Oryx leucoryx) face aux conditions désertiques: application la conservation de l'espèce [Study of the reproductive strategy of the Arabian oryx face to its desert-living habitat and application to conservation]. Unpublished Thèse de Doctorat [Doctor of Philosophy Thesis], Paris, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 128pp.

Bedin, E., & Ostrowski, S. (1998). Arabian oryx Oryx leucoryx reintroductions in Saudi Arabia: update. Re-introduction News. Newsletter of the IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group, 16, 13-14.

Ancrenaz, M., Blanvillain, C., Delhomme, A., Greth, A., & Sempéré, A. (1998). Temporal variation of LH and testosterone in Arabian oryx from birth to adulthood. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 111(3), 283-289.

Pierrard, P. (1997). The Taif National Wildlife Research Center or the struggle against final emptiness in the desert. Risalat al-Ma'ahad, 10(104-105), 26-29.

Ostrowski, S., & Bedin, E. (1997). Arabian oryx: recent developments in Saudi Arabia. Re-introduction News. Newsletter of the IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group, 14, 15-16.

Ostrowski, S. (1997). Health assessment of a captive bred reintroduced Arabian oryx population. Effect of fencing and buffer zone monitoring. Paper presented at the Oral Presentation Abstract Booklet of the XXIIIrd Congress 'Wildlife Management and Land Use in Open Landscape, Lyon (September 1997, 1-6).

Dunham, K. M. (1997). Gazelles and oryx in Saudi Arabia. Re-introduction News. Newsletter of the IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group, 13, 5-6.

Blanvillain, C., Ancrenaz, M., Delhomme, A., Greth, A., & Sempéré, A. J. (1997). The presence of the male stimulates puberty in captive female Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx). Journal of Arid Environments, 36(2), 359-366.

Besson, F. (1997). Le Centre National de Recherche sur la Vie Sauvage de Taif. Nouvelles Scientifiques de France et du Proche-Orient, Mars, 80-83.

Ancrenaz, M., & Delhomme, A. (1997). Teeth eruption as a means of age determination in captive Arabian oryx, Oryx leucoryx (Bovidae, Hippotraginae). Mammalia, 61(1), 135-138.

Ady, J. (1997). The National Wildlife Research Center, at Ta'if. Journal of the Saudi Arabian Natural History Society, 3(7), 1-3.

Vié, J. C. (1996). Reproductive biology of captive Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) in Saudi Arabia. Zoo Biology, 15(4), 371-381.

Sempéré, A. J., Ancrenaz, M., Delhomme, A., Greth, A., & Blanvillain, C. (1996). Length of estrous cycle and gestation in the Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) and importance of the male presence for induction of postpartum estrus. General and Comparative Endocrinology, 101(3), 235-241.

Rebholz, W. E. R. (1996). Molecular phylogenetics and conservation aspects of antelopes. Unpublished Doctor of Philosophy Thesis, University of Capetown, Capetown.

Greth, A. (1996). L'oryx d'Arabie, seigneur du désert. Panda Magazine, 64, 21-23.






































Ancrenaz, M., Ostrowski, S., Anagariyah, S., & Delhomme, A. (1996). Long-duration anaesthesia in Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) using a Medetomidine-Etorphine combination. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 27(2), 209-216.

Dunham, K. M. (1995). Gazelles, oryx and ostriches in Saudi Arabia. Re-introduction News. Newsletter of the IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group, 11, 7-8.

Delhomme, A., Ancrenaz, M., & Ostrowski, S. (1995). Réintroduction de l'oryx d'Arabie [Reintroduction of the Arabian oryx]. Le Courrier de la Nature, 151, 12-13.

Anon. (1995). Historic re-introduction of gazelle and oryx to Empty Quarter. Arabian Wildlife, 2(2), 4.

Ancrenaz, M., Ostrowski, S., & Delhomme, A. (1995). Arabian oryx reintroduction. Gnusletter, 14(1), 22.

Ancrenaz, M., & Flamand, J. R. B. (1995). Reintroduction of Arabian oryx and sand gazelles in the Rub' al- Khali desert, Saudi Arabia. Re-introduction News. Newsletter of the IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group, 10, 10.

Mohammed, O. B., & Hussein, H. S. (1994). Antibody prevalence of toxoplasmosis in Arabian gazelles and oryx in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 30(4), 560-562.

Liedeker, H., Al Welaie, A. N., & As Saifi, A. (1994). GIS Can they deliver for conservation? Arabian Wildlife, 1(2), 12-13.

Greth, A., Flamand, J. R. B., & Delhomme, A. (1994). An outbreak of tuberculosis in a captive herd of Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx): management. The Veterinary Record, 134(7), 165-167.

Flamand, J. R. B., Greth, A., Haagsma, J., & Griffin, F. T. (1994). An outbreak of tuberculosis in a captive herd of Arabian oryx Oryx leucoryx: diagnosis and monitoring. The Veterinary Record, 134(5), 115-118.

Flamand, J. R. B., Delhomme, A., & Ancrenaz, M. (1994). Hand-rearing the Arabian oryx Oryx leucoryx at the National Wildlife Research Center, Saudi Arabia. International Zoo Yearbook, 33, 269-274.

Flamand, J. R. B. (1994). Arabian oryx: run wild, run free. Arabian Wildlife, 1(1), 12-13.

Ancrenaz, M. (1994). Use of atipamezole to reverse xylazine tranquillisation in captive Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx). Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 30(4), 592-595.

Rietkerk, F. E., Griffin, F. T., Wood, B., Mubarak, S. M., Delima, E. C., Mohammed, O. B., et al. (1993). Treatment of bovine tuberculosis in an Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 24(4), 523-527.

Greth, A., Vassart, M., & Anagariyah, S. (1993). Evaluation of medetomidine-induced immobilisation in Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx): Clinical hematological and biochemical effects. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 24(4), 445-453.

Greth, A., & Smith, T. (1993). Arabian oryx: recent developments. Re-introduction News. Newsletter of the IUCN/SSC Re-introduction Specialist Group, 6, 5.

Greth, A., & Schwede, G. (1993). Recent developments in captive-breeding and reintroduction of the Arabian oryx in Saudi Arabia. CBSG News, 4(2), 18-19.

Greth, A., & Schwede, G. (1993). Recent developments in captive-breeding and reintroduction of the Arabian oryx in Saudi Arabia. Gnusletter, 12(2), 11-12.

Greth, A., & Schwede, G. (1993). The reintroduction programme for the Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) in Saudi Arabia. International Zoo Yearbook, 32, 73-80.

Vassart, M., Greth, A., Anagariyah, S., & Mollet, F. (1992). Biochemical parameters following capture myopathy in one Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx). Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, 54(6), 1233-1235.

Greth, A., Gourreau, J. M., & Nguyen Ba Vy, P. C. (1992). Capripoxvirus disease in an Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) from Saudi Arabia. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 28(2), 295-300.

Greth, A., Calvez, D., Vassart, M., & Lefèvre, P. C. (1992). Serological survey for bovine bacterial and viral pathogens in captive Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx). Revue Scientifique et Technique de l'Office International des Epizooties, 11(4), 1163-1168.

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