1 © 2007 Nokia Converged Communication and IPv6 John Loughney 24 May 2007

Converged Communication and IPv6John Loughney

2 © 2007 Nokia Converged Communication and IPv6 John Loughney 24 May 2007

Voice will be the killer app for some time

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From: Nokia March 2006

3 © 2007 Nokia Converged Communication and IPv6 John Loughney 24 May 2007

But the Mobile Internet is here

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Global Mobile Internet Usage and Access

4 © 2007 Nokia Converged Communication and IPv6 John Loughney 24 May 2007

Convergence is happening

I am:

16502838068 +358504838068john.loughney@nokia.com john.loughney@kolumbus.fi

gmail/gtalk:john.loughney jabber:loughney skype:loughneygizmo:loughney(17476423923) aim:jlghny

yahoo:j_loughney http://www.flickr.com/j_loughneyhttp://www.geocities.com/j_loughney/

http://research.nokia.com/people/john_loughney/http://del.icio.us/loughney

And I want to use these on my phone!

5 © 2007 Nokia Converged Communication and IPv6 John Loughney 24 May 2007

IPv4 has a finite lifetime (from 8 May 2007)

• Projected IANA Unallocated Address Pool Exhaustion: 26-Dec-2009 • Projected RIR Unallocated Address Pool Exhaustion: 07-Aug-2010• Both projections are based on past history, so all bets are off once scarcity starts. • Expect that the exhaustion event will occur before the end of this decade. • The impact of exhaustion and trading will affect everyone that gets address

space from a provider.• A rough ROI calculation for IPv6 deployment based on the IPv4 alternative being

$5-10 per day times the number of devices times the number of employees. • For more info see

• http://www.potaroo.net/tools/ipv4/• http://www.cisco.com/web/about/ac123/ac147/archived_issues/ipj_8-

3/ipj_8-3.pdf

6 © 2007 Nokia Converged Communication and IPv6 John Loughney 24 May 2007

So what, you might ask

• We will have 3+ billion cellular phones by the end of 2007• A growing number are IP capable

• Trend toward Always-On applications• Push Email, VoIP, IM, multimedia services

• Currently, many operators need to run both a circuit switched and an IP network. This leads to higher CAPEX and OPEX.

• In the future, services will migrate to IP.• So the choice is between

• IPv4 with NAT frequent Keep-Alives• IPv6 and long lived connections

7 © 2007 Nokia Converged Communication and IPv6 John Loughney 24 May 2007

NATs with keep alive messages

• IPv4 Mobile Devices are usually behind IPv4 NATs• Always on application are becoming more prevalent

• Push Email, VoIP, IM, etc.• Applications that want to be reachable need to send periodic Keep-

Alives to keep NAT state active• Current NATs require Keep-Alive from 40 seconds to 5 minutes• Need to implement for minimum ( ~30 seconds)

• Sending of NAT periodic keep-alive messages decreases mobile device standby time by several days

• Not a problem for devices with power cords, but for mobile devices it is a big problem

Client, Private IPv4 address 1

Server, Public IPv4 address 3Client, PrivateIPv4 address 2 UDP port = 6538

The UDP inactivity timer in NATs causes the public UDP port 6538 to be assigned to a different mobile, if the mobile does not send any data within a certain amount of time, about every 40 seconds …

There should be NO NATs between the

terminal and the server!

8 © 2007 Nokia Converged Communication and IPv6 John Loughney 24 May 2007

Not All NATs are created equal

• UDP and TCP timeouts vary widely, a default 30 seconds may be needed for UDP.• Several different NAT traversal mechanisms are needed

• STUN, TURN, ICE, Teredo• All bring additional terminal and network complexity • Additional CAPEX and OPEX• All NAT traversal mechanism do open some security holes.

• Even worse, you might be behind different NATs at different times of the day• Home, office, hotspot networks often use different types of NATs.

• Each requiring a different traversal mechanism• Performance over 3G is even worse

• UMTS radio state management prevents the mobile device from entering sleep mode, often reducing standby time by days.

• http://www.niksula.hut.fi/~peronen/publications/haverinen_siren_eronen_vtc2007.pdf

9 © 2007 Nokia Converged Communication and IPv6 John Loughney 24 May 2007

What is Nokia Doing About This?

• Nokia has 3 major operating systems in use• Symbian is used for the S60 user interface• The Nokia Embedded OS is found on S40 terminals • Linux is supported on Nokia Internet Tablets.

• IPv6 is well supported over different radios:• 802.11 bg are supported in phones. • GSM, EDGE, WCDMA, HSPDA (which is 3.5G - up to 3.6 mps downlink), • Wimax will be supported in 2008.

• MIPv4 is available as an add-on, MIPv6 has been demonstrated, DS-MIP is actually needed for commercial services. DS-MIP is still uncompleted in the IETF.

• SIP is supported, as well as VoIP. • SIP/SIMPLE support comes in 2H06. NAT traversal is supported.

• Roaming is supported for VoIP, phones can select VoIP over WiFi when WiFi is available• Several flavors of Enterprise VoIP are supported, as well as 3rd party add-ons for Skype, MSN,• VoIP support works with Gizmo Project and other services using standard SIP backend.• In theory, IPv6 should work, but I haven't tested against all the different back-end servers.

• Transition mechanisms are currently not supported, for various reasons, but the major has been that no one has seriously asked for any to be supported.

10 © 2007 Nokia Converged Communication and IPv6 John Loughney 24 May 2007

For Example …

• Mobile TV is good IPv6 Enabled Service• DVB-H standard supports both IPv4 and IPv6 are supported• Nokia Mobile TV solution is based on IPv6 only

• This ensures that there will be enough IP addresses for all mobile TV users

11 © 2007 Nokia Converged Communication and IPv6 John Loughney 24 May 2007

Take-away thoughts

• I want my device to help me to communication, but I cannot communicate with an IP address or if my battery is dead.

• Convergence means taking disparate or fragmentary elements and integrating them into a new a new whole.

• IPv6 is the only scalable technology to enable multiple services, interconnecting with other networks.

12 © 2007 Nokia Converged Communication and IPv6 John Loughney 24 May 2007

List of Nokia phones supporting IPv6

• http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/matrix_s40_3ed_fp1_1.html• http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/matrix_s40_3ed_fp2_1.html• http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/matrix_s60_2ed_fp2_1.html• http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/matrix_s60_2ed_fp3_1.html• http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/matrix_s60_3ed_1.html• http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/matrix_s60_3ed_fp1_1.html• http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/matrix_s80_1.html• http://www.forum.nokia.com/devices/matrix_s80_2ed_1.html