copah; nrk epjpak; - employees' provident fund, … nrk epjpak; mz;lwpf;if - 2012 gf;fk; gfjp 1...

,yq;ifapd; kpfg; nghpa Xa;T+jpa epjpakhd

CopaH Nrk epjpakhdJ 2012 ,Wjpapy; &.1>144

gpy;ypaDf;Fk; mjpfkhd Njwpa ngWkjpAld; ehl;bd;

xl;Lnkhj;j epjpapay; Jiwapd; nkhj;jr; nrhj;Jf;fspy;

12.7 rjtPjj;jpw;F tif$wpaJ. epjpaj;jpd; ghJfhg;G kw;Wk;

tsHr;rpia cWjpg;gLj;jpa mNjNtis KjyPLfs; kPjhd

ftHr;rpahd tUthAld; epjpak; jdJ cWg;gpdHfSf;Fj;

njhlHe;Jk; fhj;jpukhd gzpia toq;fpaJ.

2012,y; epjpak; ntw;wpfukhf mjd; njhopw;ghLfis epiwNtw;wpa

mNjNtis> rthyhd re;ij epiyikfSf;fpilapYk;

mjpfhpj;j tUkhdj;ijg; gjpT nra;jJld; Mz;Lf;fhf

mjd; cWg;gpdHfSf;F xg;gPl;lstpy; caHe;j tPjkhd 11.5

rjtPj tl;bia gpufldg;gLj;jpaJ.

Copah; Nrk epjpak;Mz;lwpf;if - 2012

gf;fk;

gFjp 1

njhiyNehf;F kw;Wk; gzp 87

ehzar; rig jiyth; kw;Wk; ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp MSehplkpUe;jhd nra;jp 88

njhopy; Mizahsh; ehafj;jpd; nra;jp 98

nrayhw;wk; gw;wpa Kf;fpa gq;Ffs; 99

njhopw;ghl;L hPjpahd Kf;fpa gz;Gfs; 101

xOq;FKiwg;gLj;jy; fl;likg;G 102

njhopw;ghLfspd; kPsha;T 106

gFjp 2

epjp kw;Wk; Vida mwpf;if

tUkhd nryTf; $w;W 119

midj;ijAk; cs;slf;fpa tUkhd $w;W 120

epjpepiyikf; $w;W 121

nfhs;sy; nfhLj;jy; fzf;F 122

fhR gha;r;ry; $w;W 123

KjyPl;L $w;W 124

chpik %yjdj;jpyhd /cWg;gpdh; nry;tj;jpyhd khw;wq;fspd; $w;W 125

fzf;FfSf;fhd Fwpg;Gfs; - Kf;fpakhd fzf;fPl;Lf; nfhs;iffs; 126

tUkhd kw;Wk; nrytPd $w;Wf;fhd Fwpg;Gf;fs;

1-5. KjyPl;L tUkhdk; 134

6. Vida tUkhdk; 135

7. njhopw;ghl;Lr; nrytPdk; 135

midj;JKs;slf;fpa tUkhd $w;Wf;fhd Fwpg;Gf;fs;

8. tpw;gidf;F fpilf;fj;jf;fjhfTs;s epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fspd;

re;ij ngWkjpayhd Njwpa khw;wk; 136

epjp epiyikf; $w;Wf;fhd Fwpg;Gf;fs;

9. Mjdk;> nghwp kw;Wk; cgfuzq;fs; 137

10. epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fs; 138

11. Vida eilKiwr; nrhj;Jf;fs; / ngWiffs; 139

12. fhR kw;Wk; fhRf;F rkkhdit 139

13. fld; nfhLeh;fs; 139

14. Vida eilKiwg; nghWg;Gf;fs; 140

15. cWg;gpdh; epYitfs; 140

16. xJf;fq;fs; 141

cs;slf;fk;

nfhs;sy; nfhLj;jy; fzf;fpw;fhd Fwpg;Gf;fs;

17. ngWtdTfs; 142

18. nfhLg;gdTfs; 143

KjyPl;L $w;Wf;fhd Fwpg;Gfs;

19. ,yhgk; my;yJ el;lj;jpD}lhf re;ijg; ngWkjp 144

20. tpw;gidf;Ff; fpilf;fj;jf;fit 145

21. Kjph;r;rp tiu itj;jpUf;fg;gl;lit 147

22. fld;fs; kw;Wk; ngwj;jf;fit 150

23. KjyPl;bd; mirTfs; 151

24. nrhj;Jg; gl;baypd; Kjph;r;rp fl;likg;gpd; tifg;gLj;jy; 153

25. Ie;njhifapd; nrhj;Jg;gf;fk; 156

fzf;fha;thsh; jiyik mjpgjpapd; mwpf;if 157

gFjp 3

ml;ltizfs;

1 KjyPLfs;> Kjph;r;rpfs;> KjyPLfs; kPjhd tUtha; (1981-2012) 260

2 cWg;gpdh; epYit kPjhd tUtha; tPjk; (1981-2012) 261

3 cWg;gpdh; epYitfs;> tl;b kw;Wk; mtw;wpd; kPjhd gaDWjp

tha;e;j tUtha; tPjk; (1981-2012) 262

4 KjyPl;Lg; gl;bay; $w;W (1981-2012) 263

5 njhFf;fg;gl;l fhRg;gha;r;ry; $w;W (ehzar;rig) (1981-2012) 264

6 tUkhdf; $w;wpd; RUf;fk; (1991-2012) 267

vkJ cWg;gpdHfs; xU epiwe;j

Xa;T fhy tho;f;ifia thor;

nra;tjid ,ayr; nra;Ak;

tpjj;jpy; ,g;gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; kpf

mf;fiw nfhz;l Xa;T fhy

epjpakhfj; jpfo;jy;

Kd;kjpAk; etPdj;JtKk; nfhz;l

Kfhikj;Jtj;jpDhlhf vkJ

cWg;gpdHfSf;F caHe;jgl;r Xa;T

fhy ed;ikfisAk; tpidj;

jpwd;kpf;f gzpfisAk; toq;Fjy;

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88

C.Nr.ep Mz;lwpf;if 2012

My dear Members of vdJ md;gpw;Fhpa CopaH Nrk epjpa cWg;gpdHfNs>

ehd;> ,yq;if ehza rigapd; rhHgpy;> 2012Mk; Mz;bw;fhd

CopaH Nrk epjpapd; Mz;lwpf;ifia Kd;itg;gjpy;

kfpo;r;rpailfpNwd;.

ePz;l fhy epjpapidj; jpul;Ltjd; %yKk; mtw;wpidf;

fl;Lg;ghl;LlDk; NeHj;jpahfTk; Kfhik nra;tjd; %yKk; mjd;

cWg;gpdHfSf;Fk; njhopy;jUeHfSf;Fk; Vida gq;fhsHfSf;Fk;

Mw;w Ntz;ba flikfisr; rpwg;ghf Nkw;nfhz;lJld; ehl;bd;

epjpapay; Kiwikapd; cWjpj;jd;ikiag; NgZtjw;F msg;ghpa

gq;fpidahw;wpAs;sJ vd;gjid kpFe;j jpUg;jpAld; ehd;

Fwpg;gpLfpNwd;. NkYk;> C.Nr. epjpak; gy ,yl;rf;fzf;fhd

,yq;if kf;fspd; tho;f;ifiag; ghJfhf;f XH Kf;fpa gq;fpid tfpf;fpwJ.

2012Mk; Mz;bd; nrayhw;wYk; vjpHNehf;fpa rthy;fSk;

C.Nr. epjpak; &.1.1 wpy;ypaDf;F Nkyjpfkhd nrhj;jpidf; nfhz;Ls;s kpfg; ghhpa epjpakhf

,Uf;Fk; mNj Ntis epjpapay; Jiwapd; nrhj;Jf;fspy; ,J 12.7 rjtPjj;jpid nfhz;Ls;sJ.

2012Mk; Mz;by;> cWg;gpdH gq;fspg;gpy; Vw;gl;l mjpfhpg;Gf; fhuzkhfTk; tpidj;jpwdhd epjp

Kfhikj;Jtj;jpdhy; ngwg;gl;l tUkhdj;jpd; fhuzkhfTk; C.Nr. epjpakhdJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;f

12.4 rjtPj tsh;r;rpapidg; gjpT nra;jJ.

2012Mk; Mz;bd; ,Wjpapy;> gq;fspg;Gr; nra;Ak; kw;Wk; gq;fspg;Gr; nra;ahj cWg;gpdH

fzf;Ffspd; vz;zpf;if KiwNa 2.3 kpy;ypadhfTk; 14.6 kpy;ypadhfTk; fhzg;gl;lJ.

,t;thz;by;> epjpakhdJ 11.61 rjtPj tUkhdj;ij mjd; ruhrhp KjyPl;Lg;gl;baypypUe;J

ngw;Ws;sJ. ,t;tUkhdkhdJ> Mz;L ,Wjpapy; cs;s cWg;gpdH epYitapd; kPJ 11.5

rjtPj tl;biag; gfpHe;jspf;f cjtpaJ. ,t;tPjk; ePz;l fhy tq;fpr; Nrkpg;G itg;Gf;fSf;Fr;

nrYj;Jk; ruhrhp tl;b tPjj;ij tpl Fwpg;gplj;jf;fsT mjpfkhdjhFk;. 2009 Kjy; 2013

fhyg;gFjpahd 5 Mz;Lfspy; C.Nr. epjpak; kpfg; ngUkstpyhd &.558 gpy;ypaid

tUkhdkhf <l;bAs;sJ. ,t;tUkhdkhdJ C.Nr. epjpf;Fr; rkkhd nrhj;Jf;fis nfhz;Ls;s

Ntnwe;j epWtdKk; <l;lhj Njwpa tUkhdkhFk;. epfug; ngWkjpapy;> C.Nr. epjpak;> 2009,y;

&.101.7 gpy;ypad; 2010,y; &.111.5 gpy;ypad;> 2011,y; &.107.5 gpy;ypad;> 2012,y; &.111.8

gpy;ypad;> 2013,y; &.125.6 gpy;ypad; ,yhgj;jpid <l;bAs;sJ> NkYk; ,e;j ,yhgq;fshdJ

Nkw;Fwpg;gpl;l tUl ,WjpapYs;s cWg;gpdh; fzf;FfSf;F tuT itf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

C.Nr. epjpak; Nghd;w XH ghhpa epjpaj;jpid nraw;gLj;Jifapy; epjhdkhd gaDs;s

,lHNkyhz;ik epjpaj;jpd; ntw;wpia my;yJ Njhy;tpia epHzapf;Fk; gpujhd

fhuzpahff; fhzg;gLfpwJ. ,e;Nehf;fj;ij miltjw;fhf> 1958Mk; Mz;L 15Mk;

,yf;f C.Nr. epjpar; rl;lj;jpd; fPo; fhg;ghsuhf epakpf;fg;gl;l ehzar; rigahdJ>

ftdkhfTk; jPHf;fjhprdj;JlDk; C.Nr. epjpa nraw;ghLfspd; NghJ vjpHnfhs;fpd;w gy;NtW

,lHfis vjpHnfhs;tjw;fhfTk; Fiwg;gjw;fhfTk; njhlHe;J gy;NtW etPd ,lHKfhikj;Jt

eilKiwfis Nkw;nfhz;Ls;sJ. epjpaj;jpy; fhzg;gLk; rhpahd mikg;Gf;fs;> nray;Kiwfs;>

fl;likg;Gf;fs; vd;gtw;wpD}lhfTk; ,lHfisf; fz;lwpe;J epjpaj;jpd; eltbf;iffSf;Fk;

cWjpj;jd;ikf;Fk; ghjpg;gpid Vw;gLj;Jk; ,lHfis kpff; Fiwe;jstpy; NgZtjw;Fj;

Njitahd eltbf;iffs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sd.

ehzar; rigapd; jiytH kw;Wk; ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fpapd;

MSehplkpUe;jhd nra;jp

89


tzpfr; #oypy; Vw;gLfpd;w kw;Wk; Vw;gLk; vd vjpHghHf;fg;gLfpd;w khw;wq;fSf;Nfw;g ,e;j

,lh; Kfhikj;Jt Kiwikfs; fhyj;jpw;Ff; fhyk; Nkk;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd. tYthd cs;sf

ntspaff; fzf;fha;Tr; nraw;ghLfs; epjpaj;jpd; eltbf;iffs;> kw;Wk; ,lh; Kfhikj;Jtk;

njhlHgpy; Nkyjpf cj;juthjj;jpid toq;Ffpd;wd.

epjpak; njhlHe;J rpwe;j ngWNgWfisg; ngw;w NghjpYk; kpfr; rpwe;j jukhd nraw;ghLfisAk;

eilKiwfisAk; gpd;gw;wpa NghjpYk; rkPg fhyj;jpy; C.Nr. epjpapd; nraw;ghLfisAk; epjp

Kfhikj;Jtr; nraw;ghLfisAk; kjpg;gpof;fr; nra;Ak; tifapy; murpay; cs;Nehf;fk; nfhz;L

jpl;lkpl;L fUj;njhUikg;ghl;Lld; nraw;gLfpd;wdH. rkPg fhyj;jpy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l ,e;jj; jpl;lkpl;l

Kaw;rpfs; C.Nr. epjpia rthYf;Fl;gLj;jpAs;sJ. ,j;jifa gpd;dzpapy;> C.Nr. epjpak; njhopy;rhH

hPjpapy; ghJfhg;ghf epjpapid Kfhik nra;fpwJ vd;gjidAk; njhlHe;J nghJkf;fSf;Fk;

C.Nr. epjpa cWg;gpdHfSf;Fk; cWjpg;gLj;jpAs;sJ. 2012 Mk; Mz;by; C.Nr. epjpaj;jpd;

gq;Fr; re;ij KjyPLfs; njhlh;ghf cah;ePjpkd;wj;jpy; ehzar; rigf;F vjpuhf mbg;gil

chpik kPwy; kD xd;W jhf;fy; nra;ag;gl;lJld; ,k;kDthdJ tpthjj;jpw;F vLj;Jf;

nfhs;sg;glhJ epuhfhpf;fg;gl;lJ. NkYk; ,j;jifa rthy;fis vjph;nfhs;tjw;fhf gy

nghwpKiwfs; eilKiwg;gLj;j Ntz;bapUe;jJ> ,t;thW mbf;fb Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;

epahakw;w Fw;wr;rhl;Lf;fis vjpHnfhs;tjw;fhf epjpaj;jpd; caHkl;l Kfhikj;Jtj;jpd;

fzprkhd Neuk; tpuakhf;fg;gl;Ls;sJld; ,J mjpf nryTlNdNa Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;lJ.

,e;jg; gpd;dzpapy;> vy;yhg; gq;fhsHfSk;> Ma;thsHfSk;> fzf;fhsHfs;

cs;slq;fyhf midj;Jg; gq;fhsh;fSk; Ghpe;J nfhs;Sk; tifapy; epjp

KfhikahsHfs; jw;fhyj;jpy; gpd;gw;Wk; nfhs;iffs;> eilKiwfs;> mbg;gilfs;

kw;Wk; rthy;fs; vd;gtw;iw ey;y Kiwapy; Ghpe;J nfhs;Sk; Kfkhf ehzar;

rigahdJ ,e;j mwpf;ifapy; epjp Kfhikj;Jtk; njhlHghd Kf;fpa mk;rq;fis

tphpthf Muha;tJ nghUj;jkhf ,Uf;Fk; vd fUJfpwJ. C.Nr. epjpak; gq;Fr; re;ij

KjyPLfis jd;dpr;irahf Nkw;nfhs;fpd;wJ vd;gNj njhlHe;J Kd;itf;fg;gLk; Fw;wr;rhl;Lf;fspy;

xd;whFk;. ,j;jifa fUj;Jf;fis njspTgLj;j Xa;T+jpa epjpaq;fs;; vt;thW gq;Fr; re;ij

KjyPLfis Nkw;nfhs;fpd;wJ vd;w XH rpwpa fUj;J gaDs;sjhf ,Uf;Fk;. cyfshtpa

hPjpapy;> gq;F re;ij KjyPLfs; mjpfstpy; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;lJk; ed;whf cUthf;fg;gl;l KjyPl;L

topKiwahFk;> mj;Jld; mj;jifa KjyPLfs; FWfpa kw;Wk; ePz;l fhy mbg;gilapy;

my;yJ ,uz;bYk; ,yhgk; kw;Wk; tsHr;rpf;fhd cghaq;fSld; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;lJ. ,J

njhlHghf> tpUj;jpailAk; gd;dhl;L tpjpKiwfSf;fikthf C.Nr. epjpak; 2001 Mk;

Mz;by; ,Ue;J gq;Fr; re;ij KjyPLfis Nkw;nfhs;tjw;fhf MSiffs; Kiwikapid

cUthf;fpg; Ngzp tUtJld; gbg;gbahf Nkk;gLj;jp te;Js;sJ. mj;Jld;> mj;jifa

KiwikahdJ fPo;tUk; ge;jpapy; tpghpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

Gjpa gq;Fr; re;ij KjyPLfis Nkw;nfhs;Sk; NghJ me;j KjyPLfs; njhlh;ghd Ma;T

kw;Wk; mtjhdpg;Gfs; C.Nr. epjpaj;jpd; njhopy;rhh; hPjpapy; gapw;Wtpf;fg;gl;l kw;Wk; rpwe;j

fy;tpj;jifikfs; nfhz;l epjp Kfhikahsh; FOthy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wJ. me;j

KjyPl;Lj; jpl;lq;fs; KjyPl;Lr; rigf;F rkHg;gpf;fg;gLk;. ,e;j KjyPl;Lr; rig kj;jpa

tq;fpapd; gy rpNu~;l cWg;gpdHfisf; nfhz;Ls;sJld; ,k;KjyPl;Lj; jpl;lk; ,e;j rpNu~;l

cWg;gpdHfshy; RahjPd Kiwapy; Ma;T nra;ag;gLk;. KjyPl;Lr; rig mk;KjyPl;Lj; jpl;lq;fs;

njhlHghf jpUg;jpg;gLk; gl;rj;jpy; KjyPl;Lr; rig ehzar; rigf;F mj;jpl;lq;fis ghpe;Jiu

nra;Ak;. me;jg; ghpe;Jiufisf; fUj;jpw;nfhz;L ehzar; rig ,Wjp Kbtpid Nkw;nfhs;Sk;.

NkYk;> tof;fkhf C.Nr. epjpa Kfhikj;Jtk; ehzar; rigapd; Kd;dDkjpapid vjpHtUk;

khjj;jpw;fhd KjyPl;Lj; jpl;lj;jpw;F ngWfpd;wJ. vdNt> Gjpa KjyPLfis Nkw;nfhs;Sk;

NghJk; nghJthd KjyPl;L eltbf;iffspd; NghJk; XH epHzapf;fg;gl;l nghwpKiw

fhzg;gLtjhy;> epjp KfhikahsHfshy; jd;dpr;irahd KjyPLfis Nkw;nfhs;tjw;fhd

re;jHg;gq;fs; ,y;iynad epjpaj;jpd; cWg;gpdHfSf;F cj;juthjk; toq;fg;gLfpwJ.

C.Nr. epjpak; gq;Fr; re;ijapy; el;lq;fis gjpT nra;Js;sJ vd;gNj me;j murpay;

cs;Nehf;fk; nfhz;l egHfshy; C.Nr. epjpaj;jpw;nfjpuhf Kd;itf;fg;gLk; tof;fkhd

Fw;wr;rhl;lhFk;. ,e;j tplaj;jpYk; KjyPl;Lf; fl;likg;G njhlHghd tpsf;fk; Njitg;gLfpwJ.

90


fld;> re;ijfs;> jputj;jd;ik> nrwpT> eltbf;iffs; (Kiwikfs; kw;Wk; kf;fs;)>

cyfshtpa epiyikfs; kw;Wk; njhopy;El;g khw;wq;fs; Nghd;w ,lHNeHTfis vjpHnfhs;sj;jf;f

tifapy; KjyPl;Lg; gl;bay;fs; cWjpg;gLj;jy; Ntz;Lk; vd;gJ KjyPl;L Kfhikj;Jtj;jpy;

ed;F Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;l mbg;gilf; $w;whFk;. vdNt> tpNtfKila njhopy;rhH epjp

KfhikahsHfs; ,J Nghd;w ,lHNeHTfis milahsk; fhz Kaw;rpj;J mjid mstpl;L

Kfhik nra;tH. Kiwikfs;> njhopy;rhh; jd;ik> mDgtk; kw;Wk; KjyPl;L je;jpNuhghaq;fs;

,lh;Kfhikj;Jtj;jpy; ghhpa gq;fspg;Gr; nra;fpd;wd.

KjyPLfis Nkw;nfhs;Sk; NghJ rpy nghJthf Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;l eil

KiwfisAk; kuGfisAk; gpd;gw;Wtjd; %yk; ,t;thW Vw;gLk; rthy;fSf;F Kfq; nfhLg;gJ

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KjyPl;L epjpapd; msT> gy;tifj;jd;ik> KOnkhj;j ,lHNeHtpd; Nehf;fq;fs;> ,lHNeHT

mstPL vd;gd XH KjyPl;Lg; gl;baiy Kfhik nra;Ak; NghJ ftdj;jpy; nfhs;s Ntz;ba

Kf;fpa nfhs;iffshFk;.

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ngWNgWfisj; juhj rpy jdpahd KjyPLfis Ma;T nra;tJ nghUj;jkhdjy;y.

KjyPl;Lg; gl;baypYs;s jdpg;gl;l KjyPLfspd; re;ij epiyikfSf;F Vw;g fhyj;jpw;Ff;

fhyk; Fiwj;Jk; mjpfhpj;Jk; fhzg;glyhk; vd;gJ XH mwpag;gl;l tplakhFk;. vdpDk;>

khwptUk; #o;epiyapy; eLj;ju ePz;l fhyr; ruhrhp tUkhdj;jpw;F mjpf tUkhdj;jpidj; jUk;

tifapy; ,e;j KjyPl;Lg; gl;bay;fs; rpwe;j Kiwapy; gy;tifg;gLj;jg;glNtz;Lnkd;gNj kpf

Kf;fpakhdjhFk;. vdNt> Fwpg;gpl;l KjyPl;Lg;gl;bayhdJ ruhrhpr; re;ij tUkhdj;ij tpl

mjpfkhf toq;Fkhapd;> mt;thW Kfhik nra;ag;gLk; KjyPl;Lg; gl;bay; rpwe;j KjyPl;Lg;

gl;bayhff; fUjg;gLk;.

mNj Neuj;jpy;> xU gq;F KjyPl;Lg; gl;baypy; 'Njwhj" ,yhgk; kw;Wk; el;lq;fs;> gq;Ffspd;

re;ijg; ngWkjpapy; Vw;gLk; Vw;w ,wf;fq;fSf;fika NtWgl;l Neuq;fspy; NtWgLfpd;wJ

vd;gJ Fwpg;gplj;jf;f tplakhFk;. cz;ikapy;> ,J ve;jnthU gq;Fr; re;ijapdJk;

cs;shHe;j mk;rkhFk;> ,Ue;j NghjpYk; midj;J KjyPl;lhsh;fSk; mtuth; KjyPl;L

je;jpNuhghaq;fSf;Fk; mth;fsJ re;ij KjyPl;lsTf;Fk; mika ,jid Kfq;nfhLf;f

Ntz;bAs;sJ. fle;j fhyj;jpy; nfhs;tdT nra;j gq;Ffis re;ij tpiy Fiwe;j

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,yhgkhdJ epjpaj;jpd; ,yhgq;fspy; nry;thf;F nrYj;Jtjpy;iy.

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KjyPLfshdJ FWfpa fhy Nehf;fkd;wp ePz;l fhy KjyPLfshff; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.

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91


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vz;zpg;ghHf;ftpy;iy. Mdhy; ,d;W Njwhj el;lq;fis gw;wp ghjfkhd fUj;Jf;fisj;

njhptpf;fpd;wdh;. NkYk;> C.Nr. epjpak; mj;jifa ghhpa Njwhj ,yhgj;jpidf; nfhz;bUe;Jk;

vj;jifanjhU tpw;gid Kaw;rpapYk; <Lglhjjw;fhd fhuzk; C.Nr. epjpak; vg;nghOJk; ePz;l

fhy KjyPl;Lf; nfhs;ifapidf; nfhz;bUe;jikahFk;. cz;ikapy;> C.Nr. epjpa KjyPl;L

KfhikahsHfs; rhpahd Neuj;jpYk;> mk;KjyPl;L ,yhgj;jpy; jpUg;jpailAk; re;jHg;gj;jpy;

kl;Lk; mk;KjyPl;bid tpw;gid nra;J Njwpa ,yhgj;jpidg; gjpT nra;fpd;wdH. ,Ug;gpDk;>

ngg;uthp 2011 gpw;ghlhd fhyg;gFjpapy; gq;Fr; re;ijpay; Vw;gl;l tPo;r;rpahdJ 2010

,Wjpapy; Vwj;jho &.18 gpy;ypadhftpUe;j Njwhj ,yhgj;jpypUe;J mNjahz;by; Njwhj

el;lj;jpid Nehf;fp efHtilaj; njhlq;fpaJ> ,j;Njwhj el;lkhdJ 2012 Mz;bd; ,Wjpapy;

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NghjpYk;> mwpf;ifaplg;gl;l KbTfspy; C.Nr.epjpakhdJ mjd; gq;Fr; re;ij KjyPl;bypUe;J ,yhgkhf KiwNa &.714 kpy;ypad;> &.1>020 kpy;ypaid 2011 kw;Wk; 2012Mk; Mz;Lfspy; gjpT nra;jJ.

cWjpahf Ghpe;Jnfhs;s Ntz;ba tplak; vd;dntdpy;> Njwhj el;lk; C.Nr. epjpaj;jpd; ePz;l fhy KjyPl;Lg; gl;baypy; fle;j fhyq;fspy; fhzg;gl;bUg;gpDk; mit ve;jnthU tifapYk; nrYj;jg;gl;l cWg;gpdH epYitfSf;fhd tl;bapy; ve;jnthU ghjpg;igAk; Vw;gLj;jtpy;iy. mNjNtis> ghhpa xU Njwhj ,yhgk; fhzg;gbDk; mit cWg;gpdHfSf;Fg; gfpug;gLtjpy;iy. vdNt> kPz;Lk; typAWj;jg;gl Ntz;ba tplak; vd;dntdpy; cz;ikapy; Njwpa ,yhgq;fs; kw;Wk; Njwpa el;lq;fNs C.Nr. epjpaj;jpd; ,yhg el;lf; fzpg;gPLfspy;

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92


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gpizfis cs;slf;fpa gy Mz;LfSf;F Kd;G thq;fpa gpizg;gj;jpuq;fis cs;slf;fpa

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nfhs;s Ntz;ba tplak; vd;dntdpy; mjpf tl;b tPjkhdJ vjpHfhyg; Nghf;fpy; ,yq;ifapd;

epjpapay; re;ijapy; ,Uf;fg; Nghtjpy;iy. NkYk;> ,r;#o;epiyapy; C.Nr. epjpakhdJ jdJ

gq;fspg;ghsHfSf;Fr; ruhrhp tl;b tPjj;jpYk; ghHf;f caHe;j tl;b tPjk; xd;iw toq;Ftjw;F

KjpHr;rpahd xU gq;F KjyPl;Lg; gl;baiy nfhz;bUg;gJ mtrpakhFk;. ,j;jifa Fiwe;j

tl;br; #o;epiyapy; ePz;l fhyg; gq;F KjyPl;Lg; gl;bay; ,e;j Nehf;fj;ij mila cjTk;.

midj;J MHtyHfSk; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;s Ntz;ba tplak; vd;dntdpy; C.Nr. epjpaj;jpd;

jd;ik kw;Wk; mjd; Nehf;fk; Mfpa fhuzj;jhy; epjpakhdJ jdJ KjyPl;bid

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$l C.Nr. epjpakhdJ mjd; FWfpa kw;Wk; ePz;l fhy Kjph;r;rp nfhz;l ghhpa epiyahd

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tifapy; Kd;ndr;rhpf;ifAlDk; ghJfhg;ghfTk; Kfhik nra;jpUe;jJ. ,q;Nf $l epjp

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nghwpKiwia eilKiwg;gLj;jp re;ij tpiy> kw;iwa nrhj;Jf;fspd; tpiy kw;Wk; tl;b tPjj;jpy;

Vw;gLk; khw;wj;Jf;Nfw;g C.Nr. epjpapd; ghhpa mur gpizfspd; KjyPl;by; jhf;fj;ijr; nrYj;jf; $ba

,lHfis Kfhik nra;fpd;wdH. mj;Jld;> njhlHGila fzf;fpay; epakq;fSf;fika FWq;fhy

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Kw;wpYk; mbg;gilj;jd;ikaw;w xd;whFk;.

93


,e;jg; gpd;dzpapy;> C.Nr. epjpakhdJ re;ijapYs;s xg;gPL nra;af;$ba Vida KjyPl;Lr;

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vjpHfhy tha;g;Gf;fSk; rthy;fSk;

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vdpDk; Fwpg;ghf Ntfkhd jsj;jpy; tsHe;JtUk; Nrkpg;Gf;fhd ,ayhw;wypy; ,d;Dk;

mjpfkhf mila Ntz;bAs;sJ. 2015Mk; Mz;bd; ,Wjpapy; ,yq;ifapd; jyh Njrpa

tUkhdk; I.m.nlhyH 4>000 mila vjpHghHf;fg;gLfpd;w mNjNtis nkh.c.cw;gj;jp 2016Mk;

Mz;lstpy; I.m.nlhyH 100 gpy;ypaid ngWkjpia milaTk; vjpHghHf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ehl;bd;

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Njitg;ghLfis cUthf;Ffpd;wJ.

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%yk;: C.Nr.ep. jpizf;fsk;> ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp

94


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jskhf khw;Wk; mNjNtis ,uz;L epWtdq;fSk; CopaH fzf;Ffisg; NgZtjw;fhd

nghJthd juTj; jsj;ij cUthf;fTk; mjid nraw;gLj;jTk; ,ayr;nra;fpwJ. Vw;fdNt>

2012Mk; Mz;bd; ,Wjpapy; gq;fspg;Gr; nra;Ak; cWg;gpdHfis kPs;gjpT nra;Ak; nraw;ghlhdJ

Vwj;jho 1.2 kpy;ypad; cWg;gpdHfspd; Njrpa milahs ml;il tpguq;fisr; Nrfhpg;gjd;

%yk; gFjpasthf epiwT ngw;Ws;sJ.

jw;nghOJ eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLk; kw;nwhU ghhpa nraw;wpl;lkhf ,yj;jpudpay; MtzgLj;jy;

Kiwik cs;sJ. ,jd; %yk; njhopy;jUeHfs; cWg;gpdHfspd; tpguq;fs; kw;Wk;

nfhLg;gdTfis ,yj;jpudpay; KiwikapD}lhf rkHg;gpf;f Cf;fg;gLj;jg;gLfpwhHfs;.

,j;Njitf;fhf C.Nr. rl;lkhdJ 2012Mk; Mz;by; jpUj;jg;gl;L mjd; %yk; 50 my;yJ

mjw;F Nkw;gl;l CopaHfisf; nfhz;Ls;s njhopy;jUeHfs; midtUk; khjhe;jf; nfhLg;gdT

kw;Wk; tpguq;fis ,yj;jpudpay; nra;jpahf mDg;GtJ fl;lhakhf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jw;fika

gy;NtWgl;l chpkk; ngw;w tHj;jf tq;fpfs; jq;fspd; thbf;ifahsHfspd; cWg;gpdHfs;

njhlHghd jfty;fis ,yj;jpudpay; KiwikapD}lhf rkHg;gpf;Fk; trjpia Vw;gLj;jpf;

nfhLf;Fk; nghUl;L C.Nr. epjpaj;Jld; xg;ge;jq;fis Vw;gLj;jpAs;sd. mNjNtis

Vida tq;fpfSk; ,t;trjpapid jq;fs; thbf;ifahsHfSf;Fk; Vw;gLj;jp nfhLf;Fnkd

vjpHghHf;fg;gLfpwJ. Vw;fdNt mwpag;gl;lJ Nghy; ,yj;jpudpay; Mtzg;gLj;jy;

KiwikahdJ CopaHfs; njhopy;jUeHfs; kw;Wk; C.Nr. epjpaj;jpw;F gy ed;ikfis

toq;Ffpd;wJ. mitahtd fzf;;fpl;L Ntfkhf tuT itj;jy;> juT Vw;wy; nraw;ghl;bd;

tpidj;jpwd; fhuzkhf Vw;gLk; nryT kw;Wk; Neur; rpf;fdk; kw;Wk; kdpjj; jtWfspd; tPo;r;rp

vd;gdthFk;. Nkyjpfkhf ,t; ,yj;jpudpay; Mtzg;gLj;jy; nraw;wpl;lkhdJ C.Nr. epjpaf;

nfhLg;gdT Nghd;w fl;lhaf; nfhLg;gdTfis nrYj;j vLf;Fk; Neuj;ijf; Fiwg;gjd; %yk;

ehl;bd; 'tpahghuk; nra;Ak; jukply;" Rl;nlz;iz Kd;Ndw;w cjtp GhpAk;.

ehshe;jk; ngw;Wf; nfhs;sg;gLfpd;w nghpasthd Mtzq;fis tpidj;jpwdhf

Kfhik nra;tJ C.Nr. epjpak; re;jpj;Js;s kw;nwhU ghhpa rthyhFk;. cz;ikapy;

C.Nr. epjpakhdJ khjhe;jk; 2 kpy;ypaDf;Fk; mjpfkhd Mtzq;fis gy;NtW

topKiwfspD}lhf ngWfpd;w mNjNtis mtw;wpy; ngUk;ghyhdit vjpHfhyg; ghtid

kw;Wk; gFg;gha;tpw;fhff; ftdkhf milahsg;gLj;jp ghJfhf;fg;gl Ntz;bAs;sJ. NkYk;>

C.Nr. epjpaKhdJ 1958Mk; Mz;L Muk;gpf;fg;gl;ljpypUe;J ngUe;njhifahd Mtzq;fis

Nrfhpj;J itj;Js;sJld; mtw;iw kPsspg;Gf;fis Nkw;nfhs;Sk; NghJ fpl;lj;jl;l

12 kpy;ypad; fzf;FfspilNa rhpahd clikahsH njhlHghd milahsg;gLj;jypd;

NghJ mbf;fb ghPl;rpf;f Ntz;bAs;sJ. rpy re;jHg;gq;fspy; tpidj;jpwdpy; jilfs;

,Ue;jNghjpYk; ,j;NjitfshdJ Mtzg;gLj;jy; kw;Wk; kPs;ghPl;rpj;jy; nraw;ghLfspy;

ghhpa nryit Vw;gLj;jpAs;sJ. rthy;fs;> nryTfs; kw;Wk; Mgj;Jf;fis Nehf;Fk; NghJ

C.Nr. epjpakhdJ fhfpj Mtzq;fis ,yj;jpudpay; Mtzq;fshf khw;Wjy; kw;Wk;

mjpetPdj;Jtkhd ,yj;jpudpay; Nrkpg;G miw Vw;gLj;Jjy; Nghd;w ePz;l nraw;wpl;lq;fis

95


Vw;fdNt Muk;gpj;Js;sJ. ,r;nraw;wpl;lq;fshdJ jw;NghJ jpUg;jpfukhf tsHe;JtUtJld;

2015Mk; Mz;lstpy; epiwtilaTs;sJ.

mNjNeuk;> mLj;J tuTs;s rpy Mz;Lfspy; KjyPl;L epiyikahdJ C.Nr. epjpa epjp

KfhikahsHfSf;F Nkyjpf rthy;fisf; nfhLf;Fk; vd vjpHghHf;fg;gLfpwJ. ,r;rthy;fshdJ

Gjpa khw;wj;jpd; %yk; Vw;gLk; epiyikfs; kw;Wk; Nghf;Ffspd; tpisthf cUthFk;.

,g;gpujhd fhuzpfshtd:

(m) mur ,iwg; gw;whf;Fiwapid Fiwtilar; nra;Ak; jpl;lj;jpdhy; mur fld; ngWjy;

Njitfspy; Vw;glf;$ba tPo;r;rp.

(M) ePz;l fhy mbg;gilapy; epiyahfg; Ngzg;gLk; Fiwe;j kl;lj;jpyhd gztPf;fk;.

(,) ehl;bd; tl;b tPjj;jpy; Vw;gLk; tPo;r;rpahy; cUthFk; epiyikfs;; kw;Wk;

(<) eLj;ju kw;Wk; ePz;l fhy caH nghUshjhu tsHr;rpapdhy; Vw;gLk; gq;Fr; re;ij

kw;Wk; fk;gdpf; fld; re;ijfspd; eltbf;iffspy; Vw;gLk; mjpfhpg;G.

ngUk;ghyhd ,k;khw;wq;fs; C.Nr. epjpaj;jpd; epjp Kfhikapdhy; Vw;fdNt vjpHghHf;fg;gl;ljhf

,Ug;gJld; ,J CopaH Nrk epjpa KjyPl;Lr; nrhj;Jg;gl;baiy 2001Mk; Mz;bypUe;J

Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l gq;Ffs; kPjhd KjyPLfspy; mjpfhpg;gpid Vw;gLj;jp gy;tifg;gLj;Jk;

nraw;ghL Muk;gpf;fg;gl;Ls;sjd; %yk; ep&gdkhAs;sJ. ,f;ftdkhd gy;tifg;

gLj;jypD}lhf C.Nr. epjpakhdJ nghUshjhuj;jpd; gy;NtW Jiw rhHe;j gl;bayplg;gl;l fk;gdpg;

gq;Ffs; kw;Wk; njhFjpf; fld; gj;jpuq;fspd; kPjhd KjyPLfspd; %yk; nrhj;Jg;gl;baypd;

gy;tifg;gLj;jiy Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLtJld; mjd; %yk; nrwpe;j Mgj;Jf;fis Fiwf;ff;

$bajhfTs;sJ. tiuglk; 2 kw;Wk; tiuglk; 3.

2004

98%

0.5%

1%

1%

2001

98%

1%

0.5%

1%

2007

98%

0.5%

1%

1%

2010

94%

5%

0.2%

1%

2013

93%

6%

0.5%

1%

%yk;: C.Nr.ep. jpizf;fsk; ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp

mur gpizaq;fs;

gq;Ffs;

Neh;khw;W kPs; nfhs;tdTfs;

fk;gdp njhFjpf; fld;fs;

C.Nr.ep. KjyPl;Lg; gl;baypd; cs;slf;fk;tiuglk; 2

96


200

1

86%

88%

90%

92%

94%

96%

98%

100%

200

2

200

3

200

4

200

5

200

6

200

7

200

8

200

9

201

0

201

1

201

2

201

3

mur gpizaq;fs; gq;Ffs;

Neh;khw;W kPs; nfhs;tdTfs; fk;gdp njhFjpf; fld;fs;

C.Nr.ep. KjyPl;Lg; gl;bay; cs;slf;fk;tiuglk; 3


,Ug;gpDk;> tUk; fhyq;fspy; NkNy tpghpf;fg;gl;l Nghf;Ffs; kw;Wk; epiyikfs; NkYk;

Fwpg;gplj;jf;f tifapy; Kd;nfhz;Lnry;y Ntz;baik Cf;fkspf;fg;gl Ntz;Lk;.

,g;gpz;zdpapy;> Gjpa nrhj;J tiffs; kw;Wk; nghUshjhu Jiwfspyhd nrhj;Jg;gl;bay;fspd;

gy;tifg;gLj;jy; vjph;fhyj;jpy; ftdj;jpy; nfhs;sg;gLjy; Ntz;Lk;. cz;ikapy;>

tiuaWf;fg;gl;l fUtpj;njhFg;Gf;fspd; ftdj;jpy; nfhs;sg;gl;l nrhj;Jf;fspypUe;J vOfpd;w

,lNeh;Tfis Fiwf;fpd;w rpwe;j cldbf;fUtpahf nrhj;Jg;gl;bay; Kfhikj;Jtj;jpd;

mbg;gil vz;zf;fUthf gy;tifg;gLj;jy; fhzg;gLtjdhy;> mj;jifa nfhs;iffs; gpujhd

,lNeh;Tf; Fiwg;Gf;fUtpahf fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

,t;tifahd gy;tifg;gLj;jy;fspd; nghWg;ghdJ> tsh;e;JtUk; nghUshjhuq;fspd;

gy xa;t+jpak; kw;Wk; xa;Tf;fhy ed;ikfSf;fhd nrhj;J xJf;fPl;L tplaj;jpid njsp-

thf ntspg;gLj;JtJld;> ,j;jifa je;jpNuhghaq;fs; C.Nr.epjpaj;jpdhy; fhyj;jpw;Ff;

fhyk; kpfTk; njspthf fw;Wf;nfhs;s Ntz;ba xd;whFk;. gy tsh;e;j tUk; ehLfs;

gq;Fhpik KjyPl;bid jkJ gpujhd nrhj;J tifahf nfhz;Ls;sJld;> mj;jifa

nfhs;iffs; ,uz;L mbg;gilf; fhuzpfspd; fhuzkhf epahakhfj; njhpfpd;wJ.

KjyhtJ> Kjph;r;rp nghUj;jg;ghbd;ikapypUe;J vOk; ,lNeh;Tfis Fiwf;Fk; Nehf;Fld;

25 njhlf;fk; 30 Mz;L fhyg;gFjpapidf; nfhz;lJk; ePz;l fhyr; mNef xa;t+jpa

kw;Wk; xa;t+jpa ed;ikg; nghWg;Gf;fis ,izf;f Ntz;ba NjitAs;sJ. gq;Fhpik

KjyPLfshdJ> ePz;l fhyg;gFjpapy; NtWgl;l nrhj;Jgl;baYf;F kj;jpapy;

cah;e;jsthd tpisT tPjj;jpid toq;fpa nrhj;J tifahf cs;sJ. ,j;jifa ,uz;L

fhuzpfSk; Fwpg;ghf Mrpa gRgpf; gpuhe;jpaq;fspy; mtjhdpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJld;> ,g;gpuhe;jpaj;jpd;

ehLfspd; xa;t+jpa epjpaq;fspd; nrhj;Jg;gl;lbaypy; Vwj;jho 30 njhlf;fk; 40 rjtPjk;

gq;Fhpik %yjdj;jpy; KjyPL nra;ag;gl;Ls;sik tiuglk; 4 ,y; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ.

97


0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

vd;gpv]; nfhhpah

rpgpgpIgp fdlh

vd;rpv];v];vt; rPdh

gpArh; gd;l;

mT];jpNuypah

<gPvg; kNyrpah

VA Rg;gh;

mT];jpNuypah

vd;rl; Rg;gh;

epA+rPyhe;J

gpv];gpvt; jha;thd;

[pv];Iv];

gpypg;igd;];

[pgpvt;; jha;yhe;J

gq;Ffs; epiyahd tUkhdk; khw;Wtifr; nrhj;Jf;fs;; fhRf;Fr; rkkhdit Vidait

xg;Gjy;fSk; ghuhl;Lf;fSk;

ehzar; rigahdJ njhopy; mikr;rpd; njhopy; jpizf;fsj;jpd; CopaHfs; kw;Wk; ,yq;if

kj;jpa tq;fpapd; C. Nr. epjpaj; jpizf;fsj;jpd; CopaHfSf;Fk; jkJ flikfis

mHg;gzpg;G> jpwd; kw;Wk; rpwe;j mwpTld; Nkw;nfhz;likf;fhf ghuhl;Lf;fis njhptpj;Jf;

nfhs;s tpUk;Gfpd;wJ. rthy;kpf;f fhyg;gFjpapd; kj;jpapYk; mj;jifa Kaw;rpfs; 2012Mk;

Mz;by; ghuhl;lj;jf;f ngWNgWfis mile;Js;sd.

ek;gpf;ifapid ,y;yhky; nra;tjw;Fk; ghjpg;ig Vw;gLj;Jtjw;Fk; jthwd Fw;wr;rhl;Lf;fs;

kw;Wk; fz;ldq;fs; mtÀWfis Vw;gLj;j Kaw;rpf;fpd;w rpy murpay; fhuzpfSf;F kj;jpapYk;

epjpaj;jpy; njhlHr;rpahf ek;gpf;ifapidf; nfhz;Ls;s C.Nr. epjpaj;jpd; cWg;gpdHfs; kw;Wk;

njhopy;jUeHfSf;F ehzar; rig jdJ kdg;G+Htkhd ed;wpfisj; njhptpj;Jf; nfhs;fpd;wJ.

,Wjpahf> ehzar; rigahdJ C.Nr. epjpa cWg;gpdHfs; kw;Wk; nghJkf;fs; midtUf;Fk;

C.Nr. epjpaj;jpd; kPJ fl;bnaOg;gg;gl;l ek;gpf;if jw;NghJ kw;Wk; vjpHfhyj;jpYk; Ngzg;gLk;

vd;gJld; xt;nthU Kaw;rpfspYk; cWjpj;jd;ikapidg; NgZk; kw;Wk; jpUg;jpfukhd

tsHr;rpapidg; gjpT nra;Ak; mNj Ntisapy; epjpakhdJ ruhrhp tUtha;fis tplTk;

mjpfkhd tUtha;fis toq;f ,aYkhf ,Uf;Fk; vd;gijAk; cWjpnra;J nfhs;fpwJ.

m[pj; epthHl; fg;uhy;

MSeH

ehzar; rigapd; jiytH

Xa;T+jpa epjpaq;fspd; nrhj;J xJf;fPLtiuglk; 4

%yk;: [{d; 2014 ,y; rpl;B tq;fpapdhy; ePz;lfhy ed;ik gaf;Fk; Xa;t+jpa KiwikfSf;fhd mwpKf fUj;juq;F - nfhOk;G

98


C.Nr. epjpaj;jpdhy; 2012 Mz;Lf; fhyg;gFjpapy; milag;gl;l

Kd;Ndw;wq;fisf; nfhz;Ls;s Mz;lwpf;ifapid ntspapLfpd;w

,r;re;jHg;gj;jpy; ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fpapd; CopaH Nrk epjpaj;

jpizf;fsj;jpd; mYtyHfSf;F vdJ ed;wpfisj; njhptpj;Jf; nfhs;s

tpUk;GfpNwd;.

,d;W> ,yq;ifapy; Xa;T+jpa ed;ikfis mDgtpf;fhj jdpahH kw;Wk;

murrhH Jiw CopaHfspw;F Xa;T+jpa ed;ikfis toq;Fk; gpujhd

Nehf;fj;Jld; 1958Mk; Mz;bd; 15Mk; ,yf;f C.Nr. epjpar; rl;lj;jpd;

fPo; epWtg;gl;l C.Nr. epjpak; ehl;bd; kpfg; nghpa r%fg; ghJfhg;G

Kiwikahf tsHr;rp ngw;Ws;sJ. njhopy; jpizf;fsj;jpy; Nehf;fk;

xt;nthU Mz;Lk; mjd; njhopw;ghl;L kw;Wk; epHthf eltbf;iffspd;

tphpTgLj;Jtjd; %yk; mjd; cWg;gpdHfspw;Fj; jukhd gzpapid

toq;fyhFk;. vdNt> ,e;Nehf;fj;jpw;fhf 2012,y; gy Gjpa jpl;lq;fs; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

C.Nr. epjpa nfhLg;gdTfis nrYj;jj; jtwpa epWtdq;fsplkpUe;J gzj;jpid kPsg;ngWjypid

tpiuTgLj;Jtjw;fhf ehlshtpa hPjpapy; khtl;l njhopy; mYtyfq;fspid ,izg;gjd; %yk; fzdp

tiyaikg;nghd;W cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. C.Nr. epjpa fz;fhzpg;G Kiwikapd; nraw;gLj;jy;fs;

2012,y; Muk;gpf;fg;gl;lJ. ,J khtl;l njhopy; mYtyfq;fspdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;LtUk; C.Nr. epjpaf;

nfhLg;gdT eltbf;iffis NkYk; tphpthf;Ftjw;F cjtpaJ. NkYk;> njhopy; jpizf;fsk; 2012

Mz;L fhyg;gFjpapy; C.Nr. epjpag; gq;fspg;Gf;fisr; nrYj;jj; jtwpa 2>991 epWtdq;fSf;nfjpuhf

rl;l eltbf;iffs; vLj;Js;sJ.

etPd njhopy;El;g tbtikg;gpd; %yk; cWg;gpdHfspw;fhd gzpfis Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;F> 2012,y; b[pl;ly;

tbtk; %yk; ngwg;gl;l cWg;gpdHfspd; tpuy; milahsq;fspidg; gad;gLj;jp juTj; njhFg;nghd;wpid

tpUj;jp nra;Ak; eltbf;if Muk;gpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

NkYk;> 30 rjtPj KjpHtpw;F Kd;duhd kPsg;ngwy; trjpapid mwpKfg;gLj;Jk; nghUl;L 2012Mk;

Mz;bd; 12Mk; ,yf;f CopaH Nrk epjpar; (jpUj;jg;gl;lJ) rl;lj;jpd; xg;Gjy; ngWjiy ,ayr;

nra;jJ. ,j;jpUj;jk; cWg;gpdHfs; mtHfspd; C.Nr. epjpaf; fzf;Ffspw;F tuT itf;fg;gl;l

epjpaj;jpd; 30 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; Nkw;gl;l njhifapid Fwpj;Jiuf;fg;gl;l rpy epge;jidfisg; G+Hj;jp

nra;J kPsg;ngWjypid ,ayr; nra;jJ. jw;NghJ> ,jid eilKiwgLj;jypw;fhd xOq;Ftpjpfs;

kw;Wk; epHthfj; njhopw;ghLfs; vd;gd nraw;ghl;bYs;sd.

rl;l epajp hPjpapyhd nghWg;Gf;fis epiwNtw;Wjypy; njhopy; jpizf;fs mYtyHfspdhy;

toq;fg;gl;l NrhHtw;w gzpfSf;fhfTk; njhopy;jUeH kw;Wk; CopaHfSldhd neUf;fkhd cwtpidg;

Ngzp tUtjw;fhfTk; mj;Jld; C.Nr. epjpa eltbf;iffis ntw;wpfukhf Nkw;nfhs;tjw;F

cjtpahfTs;sikf;fhf ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fpapd; C.Nr. epjpaj; jpizf;fsj;jpd; midj;J

CopaHfspw;Fk; vdJ ed;wpfisj; njhptpj;Jf; nfhs;s tpUk;GfpNwd;.

,t;thz;lwpf;ifahdJ CopaHfs;> njhopy;jUeHfs;> epHthf kw;Wk; epjpapay; epWtdq;fspd; mYtyh;fs;

kw;Wk; ,t;tplaj;jpy; MHtKs;s khztHfs; cs;slq;fyhd Vida jug;gpdHfspw;Fk; ngWkjpahd

jfty;fis toq;Fk; vd ek;GfpNwd;.

jpUkjp tp. gP. gp. Nf. tPurpq;f

njhopy; MizahsH ehafk;

njhopy; MizahsH ehafj;jpd; nra;jp - 2012

99


nrayhw;wk; gw;wpa Kf;fpa gz;Gfs;

tpguq;fs; 2011 2012

gq;fspg;Gf;fs; 61,879 70,171

kPsspg;Gf; nfhLg;gdTfs; 47,311 48,712

Njwpa gq;fspg;Gf;fs; 14,568 21,459

nkhj;j tUkhdk; 116,043 121,413

Njwpa tUkhdk; 107,202 111,829

xJf;fq;fspypUe;jhdÆ (xJf;fq;fSf;fhd) khw;wy;fs; 3,500 5,700

cWg;gpdH epYit kPJ nrYj;jg;gl;l tl;b (%) 101,284 115,771

cWg;gpdH epYit kPJ nrYj;jg;gl;l tl;b tPjk; (%) 11.50 11.50

ruhrhp nrhj;Jg;gl;bay; kPjhd tUtha; tPjk; (%) 12.50 11.61

njhopw;ghl;Lr; nrytpdk; ( %) 786 948

nkhj;j tUkhdj;jpd; rjtPjkhf njhopw;ghl;Lr; nryTfs; (%) 0.68 0.78

epjpapay; gz;Gfs;

&. kpy;.

ml;ltiz 2

nkhj;j Njwpa nrhj;Jf;fs;

&.gpy;

epjpaj;jpd; tsh;r;rptiuglk; 5

2.00

560 653 770 900 1,018 1,14414.29 16.55 17.82 16.94 13.11 12.38

2.004.006.008.0010.0012.0014.0016.0018.0020.00

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012nkhj;j Njwpa nrhj;Jf;fs; (&.gpy;)

tsh;r;rp tPjk; %

%

2011 kPs; Fwpf;fg;gl;l ,.f.ep. kw;Wk; ,.ep.m.ep mikthf


cWg;gpdH ,Wjp epYit kPJ nrYj;jg;gl;l tl;btiuglk; 6

75,027 90,691 96,268 101,284 115,77113.20 13.75 12.50 11.50 11.50

2008 2009 2010 2011 20120

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

10.00

12.00

14.00

16.00

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

nrYj;jg;gl;l tl;b (&.kpy;)

tl;b tPjk; (%)

&.kpy;.

%


100


&.kpy;.

gq;fspg;Gfs;> kPsspg;Gfs; kw;Wk; Njwpa gq;fspg;Gfs;tiuglk; 7

2008

gq;fspg;Gfs; (&.kpy;)

kPsspg;Gfs; (&.kpy;)

Njwpa gq;fspg;Gfs; (&.kpy;)

2009 2010 2011 2012

45,951 48,712 54,796 61,879 70,171

25,931 31,901 34,896 47,311 48,712

20,020 16,811 19,900 14,568 21,459

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000


0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

-

100

200

300

400

500

600

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

%

nkhj;j cl;gha;r;ry; (gq;fspg;G + tl;b kw;Wk; Vida tUkhdq;fs; + Kjph;r;rp)

fhR ntspg;gha;r;ry; (kPsspg;G)

kPsspg;G / nkhj;j fhR cl;gha;r;ry; (%)

&.gpy;

kPsspg;Gf;F fpilf;fj;jf;f jputj;jd;iktiuglk; 8


79.15109.44 120.90 115.82 121.36

13.6

16.015.1

12.511.6

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

18

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Rs.

bn %

KjyPl;L tUkhdk; KjyPl;L kPjhd tUtha; %

&.gpy;.

KjyPl;Lg; gl;bay; kPjhd ruhrhp tUkhdk;tiuglk; 10


22.00

3.50 6.20 6.707.60

0

5

10

15

20

25

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

%

C.Nr.ep. toq;fpa tpisT tPjk;

Kf;fpa Nrkpg;G tq;fpfspdhy; toq;fg;gl;l 1 tUl epiyahd itg;Gf;fspd; kPjhd tl;b

tzpf tq;fpfspd; ruhrhp itg;G tPjk; (Vlgps;A+bMh;)

kw;iwa Xa;T+jpa epjpaq;fshy; toq;fg;gl;l tPjk;

Mz;L ruhrhp gz tPf;fk;

cWg;gpdh; epYit kPjhd tpisT tPjk;vjph; re;ij tPjk;tiuglk; 9


kj;jpa tq;fp Mz;lwpf;if

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

KjyPl;Lg; gl;bay; cs;slf;fk;tiuglk; 11


tif 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012nkhj;j KjyPl;Lg; gl;bay; (&.gpy;) 627.3 738.1 867.1 988.0 1,105.5

cs;slf;fk; %

mur gpizg;gj;jpuq;fs; 97.9 97.1 94.1 90.8 93.6

gq;Ffs; 1.1 1.3 5.0 7.9 5.4

njhFjpf; fld;fs; kw;Wk; Vidait 2.0 1.6 0.9 1.3 1.0

vz;zpf;if (&.kpy;)

cWg;gpdh; fzf;F vz;zpf;iftiuglk; 12


2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

2.3gq;fspg;G nra;Ak;

gq;fspg;G nra;ahj

2.0 2.2 2.2 2.3

10.7 10.7 11.2 11.8 12.3

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

101


1 11.5 rjtPjj;jpy; cWg;gpdHfSf;F tl;b nrYj;jg;gl;lJ.

2 cWg;gpdH fzf;Ffspd; nkhj;j vz;zpf;if 14.6 kpy;ypaDf;F mjpfhpj;jJ.

3 epjpaj;jpd; nkhj;jg; ngWkjp &.1>144 gpy;ypaDf;F mjpfhpj;jJ.

4 gq;fspf;Fk; cWg;gpdH fzf;Ffspd; nkhj;j vz;zpf;if 2.2 kpy;ypadpypUe;J 2.3

kpy;ypaDf;F mjpfhpj;jJ.

5 &.48>712 kpy;ypad; ngWkjpahd Xa;T+jpa ed;ikfs; 115>654 cWg;gpdHfSf;Fr;

nrYj;jg;gl;ld.

6 gq;Fgw;Wk; fld; toq;Fk; epWtdq;fspypUe;J tPl;L trjp flidg; ngWtjw;fhf 11>234

cWg;gpdHfSf;F mtHfspd; C.Nr. epjpa epYitf;nfjpuhf cj;juthjr; rhd;wpjo;fs;

toq;fg;gl;ld.

7 MHtyHfSldhd ,izg;gpid tYg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf NtWgl;l Gtpapay; ,lq;fspYs;s

CopaHfSf;fhf gd;dpuz;L elkhLk; Nritfs; elj;jg;gl;ld.

8 tq;fpfspd; ,izag; gzpfspD}lhf C.Nr. epjpa cWg;gpdH gq;fspg;Gf;fspd; mNjNeu

nfhLg;gdTfSf;fhd Nrfhpf;Fk; KftHfshf 3 chpkk; ngw;w tHj;jf tq;fpfs;

epakpf;fg;gl;ld.

njhopw;ghl;L hPjpahd Kf;fpa gz;Gfs;

102


Copah; Nrk epjpak; (C.Nr.epÆepjpak;) ,yq;ifapy; cs;s ghhpa Xa;T+jpa epjpakhf tpsq;Ffpd;wJ. ,J> jdpahh; kw;Wk; muRrhh; Jiw Copah;fSf;fhd Xa;T+jpa ed;ikfis toq;Ftjw;fhf 1958Mk; Mz;bd; 15Mk; ,yf;f Copah; Nrkepjpar; rl;lj;jpd; fPo; epWtg;gl;lJ. rl;lj;jpd; Vw;ghl;L epajpfspd;gb njhopy; Mizahsh; epjpaj;jpd; epUthf Mizahsuhfr; nraw;gLfpd;w Ntisapy; epjpaj;jpd; fl;Lf;fhg;ghsuhf nraw;gLtjw;fhd mjpfhuk;> flikfs; kw;Wk; nghWg;Gf;fs; ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fpapd; ehzar; rigaplk; xg;gilf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. rl;lj;jpd; %yk; ehzar; rigaplk; xg;gilf;fg;gl;l mjpfhuq;fs;> flikfs; kw;Wk; njhopw;ghLfis epiwNtw;Wtjw;F ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fpapd; Copah; Nrk epjpaj; jpizf;fsk; ehzar; rigia trjpg;gLj;JfpwJ.

C.Nr. epjpakhdJ xU fl;lhag; gq;fspg;G Xa;T+jpa ed;ikfs; jpl;lkhFk;. jw;nghOJ epjpaj;jpw;fhd Fiwe;jgl;r fl;lha gq;fspg;G tPjk; Copah; Nrkepjpa cWg;gpdhpd; nkhj;j khjhe;j tUthapy; 20 rjtPjkhFk;. njhopy;jUeh;fSk; Copah;fSk; (cWg;gpdHfs;) cWg;gpdh;fspd; nkhj;j tUthapy; KiwNa 12 rjtPjj;jpidAk;; 8 rjtPjj;jpidAk; C.Nr. epjpaj;jpw;Fg; gq;fspf;FkhW Nfl;Lf; nfhs;sg;gLfpd;wdH.

gq;fspg;Gf;fisAk; Copahpd; njhlHGila tpguq;fisAk; epjpaj;jpw;F fhyj;jpw;Ff; fhyk; mDg;gp itg;gJ njhopy;jUehpd; nghWg;ghFk;. 150 CopaHfSf;Fk; FiwthdtHfSf;F njhopy; toq;Fk; njhopy;jUeHfs; (rp tif) gq;fspg;GfisAk; njhlHghd tpguq;fisAk; (gbtk; rp) khjhe;j mbg;gilapy; mDg;gp

itf;f Ntz;baJld; 150 CopaHfSf;Fk; $LjyhdtHfSf;F njhopy; toq;Fk; njhopy;jUeHfs; gq;fspg;Gf;fis khjhe;jKk; njhlHghd cWg;gpdH tpguq;fis (gbtk; rp3) Mz;bw;F ,U jlitAk; mDg;gp itj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. vdpDk;> 2012,y; rl;lj;jpy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l jpUj;jj;Jld; Fiwe;jgl;rk; 50 CopaHfisf; nfhz;bUf;Fk; midj;Jj; njhopy;jUeHfSk; khjhe;jg; gq;fspg;Gf;fisAk; tpguq;fisAk; ,yj;jpudpay; Clfj;jpD}lhf mDg;GkhW Njitg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sdH.

epjpaj;jpd; cWg;gpdHfs; mtHfs; Xa;T ngWk; tajpid mile;jJk; (ngz;fs; 50 tajpidAk; Mz;fs; 55 tajpidAk;) mtHfsJ Xa;T+jpa ed;ikfis kPsg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;F chpj;JilatuhtH. Xa;T ngWk; NghJ kPsg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tJ jtpu> Gyk;ngaHjy;> epue;jukhf Cdkiljy;> jpUkzk; fhuzkhf njhopypypUe;J tpyFjy; (ngz; cWg;gpdHfSf;F khj;jpuk;) kw;Wk; Xa;T+jpak; ngwj;jf;f njhopy;fspy; ,ize;J nfhs;Sjy; Nghd;w gy;NtW fhuzq;fspd; nghUl;Lk; cWg;gpdHfs; jkJ epYitfis kPsg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;s chpj;JilatuhtH. cWg;gpdH kuzkilAk; re;jHg;gj;jpy; ,we;j cWg;gpdhpd; rl;l hPjpahd thhpRfs; cWg;gpdHfs; ed;ikfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;s chpj;JilatuhtH. Xa;T+jpa ed;ikfSf;Fg; Gwk;ghf> tPlikg;G Nehf;fq;fSf;fhf cWg;gpdH fzf;Ffspy; tuT itf;fg;gl;Ls;s epYitfis gpizahf itj;J mDkjpf;fg;gl;l MW fld; toq;fy; epWtdq;fspypUe;J fld;fisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;F C.Nr.epjpak; cWg;gpdHfSf;F

trjpaspf;fpd;wJ.

njhopy; Mizahshpd; njhopw;ghLfs;

njhopy;jUeHfisAk; CopaHfisAk; epjpaj;jpy; gjpT nra;jy;.

C.Nr. epjpar; rl;lj;jpw;F ,zq;fpnahOFtjid cWjpg;gLj;Jk; tpjj;jpy;

ghPl;rpg;Gf;fis Nkw;nfhs;tJld; cWg;gpdH gq;fspg;Gf;fis nrYj;jhjtHfSf;nfjpuhf rl;l eltbf;if vLj;jy;.

jhkjkhd gq;fspg;Gf;fspd; kPJ njhopy;jUeHfsplkpUe;J Nkyjpff; fl;lzq;fis

mwtply;.

ed;ikfspd; kPsspg;Gf;fSf;fhd tpz;zg;gq;fis Vw;Wf;nfhs;sYk; mj;jifa tpz;zg;gq;fs; njhlHghf

ed;ikfspd; nfhLg;gdT gw;wp kj;jpa tq;fpf;F MNyhrid toq;Fk; jPHkhdf; fbjq;fis toq;FtJk;

cWg;gpdHfspd; Kd;ida fzf;Ffis xd;W NrHg;gjw;F mq;fPfhukspj;jy;.

cWg;gpdHfs;> mtHfsJ cWg;gpdH epYitfis gpizahf itj;J xg;Gjy; ngw;w fld; toq;fy; epWtdq;fspypUe;J

tPlikg;Gf; fld;fis ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjid ,ayr; nra;Ak; tpjj;jpy; tPlikg;Gf; fld;fSf;F xg;Gjyspj;jy;.

xOq;FKiwg;gLj;jy; fl;likg;G

103


ehzar; rigapd; njhopw;ghLfs;

cWg;gpdH gq;fspg;Gf;fisAk; Nkyjpf; fl;lzq;fisAk; tUkhdj;ijAk;

ngw;Wf; nfhs;Sjy;.

cWg;gpdH fzf;Ffisg; NgZjy;.

cWg;gpdHfSf;F caHe;jgl;r tUtha;fis toq;Fk; tpjj;jpy; kpifahd epjpaq;fis

KjyPL nra;Ak; mNjNtisapy; epjpaj;jpd; ghJfhg;gpid cWjpg;gLj;jy;.

njhopy; kw;Wk; njhopy; cwTfs; mikr;rH kw;Wk; epjp mikr;rH MfpNahhpd;

rk;kjj;Jld; ehzar; rigapdhy; xg;Gjyspf;fg;gl;l tPjj;jpy; cWg;gpdH fzf;FfSf;F

tUlhe;j tl;bia tuT itj;jy;.

Mz;Lf; fzf;Ffisj; jahhpj;jy; kw;Wk; fzf;Ffspd; Mz;Lf; $w;Wf;fis

cWg;gpdHfSf;F toq;Fjy;.

njhopy; Mizahshpdhy; toq;fg;gl;l jPHkhdf; fbjj;jpw;fpzq;f kPsspg;G ed;ikfis

Nkw;nfhs;Sjy;.

cWg;gpdh;fs; tPlikg;Gf; fld;fisg; ngWtjid ,ayr; nra;Ak; tpjj;jpy; njhlh;ghd

fld; toq;fy; epWtdq;fSf;F cWg;gpdh; epYitfs; njhlh;ghd rhd;wpjio toq;Fjy;.

xt;nthU Mz;bd; ,Wjpj; jpfjpapypUe;J 3 khjq;fSf;Fs; khz;GkpF njhopy; kw;Wk;

njhopy; cwTfs; mikr;rUf;Fk; epjp mikr;rUf;Fk; epjpapay; $w;Wf;fs; kw;Wk;

KjyPl;Lf; $w;Wf;fs; Nghd;w jfty;fis rkHg;gpj;jy;.

104


2012.12.31,y; cs;sthW %j;j Kfhikj;Jtf; FO

njhopy; jpizf;fsk; (C.Nr.ep. gphpT)

ngah; gjtp gphpT

jpU. b gp Nf MH tPuNfhd; njhopy; MizahsH

jpUkjp. tp ckhkfs; Jiz njhopy; MizahsH

Nfhuy;nry;tp. gp vr; gp I gz;lhu cjtp njhopy; MizahsH

jpU. hp Nahfuh[h cjtp njhopy; MizahsH

jpU. Nf vy; Nf ngNuuh Jiz njhopy; MizahsH

kPsspg;GjpU. b vr; hp Nl~gpwpa cjtp njhopy; MizahsH

jpU. A gp MH rpwpehf cjtp njhopy; MizahsH

jpU. gP tre;jd; Jiz njhopy; MizahsH jfty; njhopy;El;gk;

nry;tp. b tp hp gp jahde;jh cjtp njhopy; MizahsH epUthfk;

jpUkjp. vd; vk; it J~hwp cjtp njhopy; MizahsH

Nfhuy; vy;jpUkjp. [p V b MH fahdp cjtp njhopy; MizahsH

jpUkjp. b MH ngNuuh cjtp njhopy; MizahsH

,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fpapd; C.Nr. epjpa jpizf;fsk;

ngah; gjtp gphpT

jpUkjp. Nf. Fzjpyf fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpUkjp rp vk; b vd; Nf nrdptpuj;d Nkyjpf fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpU. vy; b b it ngNuuh Nkyjpf fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpUkjp. V [p A+ jpyfuj;d Jiz fz;fhzpg;ghsH (hp)

jpU. v]; V vy; Kj;Jf;Fkhu Jiz fz;fhzpg;ghsH (vk;)

jpUkjp. v]; vd; jpyftHj;jd %j;j jdpg;gl;l nrayhsH (c.m.gphpT II)

jpUkjp. X Nf v]; gp gz;lhu jdpg;gl;l nrayhsH (c.m.gphpT I)

jpU. v]; v]; gp b rpy;th cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH mYtyfg; gzpfs;

kw;Wk; epUthfk;jpU. vr; [p vy; tpf;fpukrpq;f cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpU. Nf [p vd; tpN[uj;d cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpU. vk; vk; Rdpy; rhe;j %j;j cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH Nrfhpg;G

jpU. tp Nf jk;ghfyhNf %j;j cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsHkPs; gjpTg; gphpT

jpUkjp. gP vk; lgps;A v]; ghy#hpah cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpU. Rdpy; nfh];tj;jNf cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

eilKiwg; gq;fspg;Gg; gphpTjpUkjp Nf.V.Nrdhuj;d cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

nry;tp. [p.gp.vd.V. rkuehaf;f cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

105


jpU. Nf [p jpyfrpwp cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

$w;Wg;gLj;jg;gl;l gq;fspg;Gg; gphpTnry;tp gp b vd; Fzjpyf cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpU. A V FztHj;jd cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpUkjp. b vk; [p gpajpyf %j;j cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH ,-Nrfhpg;Gg; gphpT

jpU. vk; vd; tPurpq;f cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpU. N[ b v]; N[ ehzaf;fhu %j;j cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

epjpa Kfhikj;Jtg; gphpT

jpUkjp. vd; vy; vk; mNgNrfuh %j;j cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpUkjp. I hp MH vk; Fzuj;d cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpU. lgps;A [p MH ̀ H~gpwpa cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

nry;tp b gp clhfkhNfhwy cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpU. v]; gJkehgd; cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpU. [p V rp vd; fNznghy cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpU. hp cjarPyd; cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpU. Nf vy; V rp vd; mDuhj cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

nry;tp [p gP vk; gp jp];]ehaf;f cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH fzf;Ffs; kw;Wk; jPHg;gdTg; gphpT

nry;tp b it v]; kfhnfjwtj;Nj cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH gjpNtLfs; Kfhikj;Jtg; gphpT

jpUkjp Nf vk; rp Nrhkrpwp cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpU. vk; tpf;fpukuj;d cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH gjpTj; jpUj;jq;fs; gphpT

jpUkjp gp vr; b V mj;jehaf;fh cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

nry;tp rp gp n[atPu cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpUkjp. vr; V v]; Fyrpq;f cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH tPlikg;Gf; fld; gphpT

jpU. lgps;A+ V ee;jNrd %j;j cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH kPsspg;Gf; fl;Lg;ghl;Lg; gphpT

jpU. v]; V n[atHj;jd cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpU. [p gpNukjhr %j;j cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH kPsspg;G nfhLg;gdTg; gphpT

jpUkjp. Nf Nf rp v]; fd;dq;fuh cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH

jpU. vk; vk; Rdpy; rhe;j %j;j cjtpf; fz;fhzpg;ghsH nghJkf;fs; njhlHG> tprhuizf; fUkgPlk; kw;Wk; miog;G

106


1.1 nghUshjhu tsHr;rp

2012 fhyg;gFjpapy;> nghUshjhuk; rthy;kpf;f

cyfg; Nguz;lg; nghUshjhur; #oypw;F

kj;jpapYk; 6.4 rjtPjj;jpy; Fwpg;gplj;;jf;fsT

tsHr;rpaile;jJ. 2012 fhyg;gFjpapy; nghUshjhu

tsHr;rp mjd; Kd;ida ,U Mz;Lfspd; 8

rjtPjj;jpidAk; tpQ;rpa ftHr;rpfukhd tsHr;rp

tPjq;fSld; xg;gpLifapy; nkJtile;j NghjpYk;>

njd;dhrpag; gpuhe;jpaj;jpy; ,yq;if ,uz;lhtJ

njhlHr;rpahd Mz;bYk; mjpAaH tsHr;rp

tPjj;jpidg; gjpT nra;Js;sJ. ghprPyidf;Fhpa

Mz;by;> Vw;Wkjp tsHr;rpahdJ INuhg;gpa

gLfld; neUf;fbapdhy; Njhd;wpa cyf

epr;rakw;wjd;ik> Gtp - murpay; tplaq;fs;>

If;fpa mnkhpf;fhtpd; ,iwf; fUJiffs;> caH

ngw;Nwhypa tpiyfs; kw;Wk; tpUe;jpaile;j

kw;Wk; Njhw;wk; ngWk; re;ijfspy; nghUshjhur;

nraw;ghLfs; nkJtile;jik Nghd;wtw;wpdhy;

ghjpg;gile;jJ. NkYk;> ghjfkhd fhyepiy

epiyikfs; 2012,d; nkh.c.cw;gj;jp tsHr;rpapy;

ghjfkhd jhf;fj;jpidr; nrYj;jpaJ.

,t;thz;Lf; fhyj;jpy;> ,yq;ifapd;

nkh.c.cw;gj;jp tsHr;rpf;fhd ifj;njhopy;

Jiwapd; gq;fspg;G Fwpg;gplj;jf;fnjhd;whff;

fhzg;gl;lJ. ifj;njhopy; Jiwapd; tsHr;rp

Kf;fpakhff; fl;Lkhd Jizj; Jiwapdhy;

Àz;Ljyspf;fg;gl;lJ. ,Ug;gpDk;> cs;ehl;L

kw;Wk; ntspehl;Lf; Nfs;tp nkJtile;jikapdhy;

Mz;Lf; fhyj;jpy; jahhpg;Gj; Jizj; Jiwapd;

tsHr;rp tPo;r;rpaile;jJ. Mz;bd; Kd; miuf;

fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ ghjfkhd fhyepiy

epiyikfs; epytpa NghjpYk; Ntshz;ikj;

Jiw 5.8 rjtPj tsHr;rp tPjj;jpidg; gjpT

nra;Js;sJ. vdpDk;> ke;jkhd ntspehl;L

tHj;jf eltbf;iffs; kw;Wk; Nghf;Ftuj;Jj;

Jizj; Jiwapd; tPo;r;rp vd;gtw;wpd; fhuzkhf

gzpfs; Jiw 4.6 rjtPj nkJthd tPjj;jpy;

tsHr;rpaile;jJ.

1.2 njhopy;epiy kw;Wk; $ypfs;

rk;gsk; nrYj;jg;glhj njhopyhsHfs; kw;Wk;

njhopy;jUeHfspd; tPo;r;rpapd; fhuzkhf

njhopypw;fkHj;jg;gl;ltHfspd; vz;zpf;if 8.129

kpy;ypaDf;F 0.8 rjtPjj;jpdhy; tPo;r;rpaile;j

NghjpYk; jdpahH> nghJ kw;Wk; Ranjhopy;

Jiwfspy; <Lgl;Ls;s njhopy;GhpNthH

rdj;njhifapd; KO vz;zpf;if kw;Wk;

gq;F vd;gd 2012,y; mjpfhpj;jd. Fwpg;ghf>

jdpahH Jiwapy; <Lgl;Ls;s njhopyhsHfspd;

vz;zpf;if 3.356 kpy;ypaDf;F 1

rjtPjj;jpdhy; mjpfhpj;jjJ. C.Nr. epjpaj;jpd;

mq;fj;jtHfspy; ghhpasT gFjp jdpahH Jiw

CopaHfspdhyhdjhifahy; jdpahH Jiw

CopaHfs; mjpfhpj;jik C.Nr. epjpaj;jpw;F

Kf;fpakhdnjhd;whFk;. NkYk;> nghJj; Jiw

CopaHfspd; vz;zpf;if 4.3 rjtPjj;jpdhy;

mjpfhpj;j mNjNtis RanjhopyhsHfspd;

vz;zpf;if rpwpjstpy; kl;LNk mjpfhpj;jd.

2012 fhyg;gFjpapYk;> jdpahH Jiw CopaHfs;

njhopy;GhpNthH Copag;gilapy; 41.3 rjtPjg;

gq;Fld; Mjpf;fj;jpidf; nfhz;bUe;jdH.

fle;j rpy Mz;Lfspy; mtjhdpf;fg;gl;l

Ntiyapd;ik tPjg; Nghf;fpd; tPo;r;rpahdJ

2012,Yk; njhlHe;jJ. Ntshz;ik> ifj;njhopy;

kw;Wk; gzpfs; Jiwfs; Nghd;w nghUshjhuj;jpd;

%d;W JiwfspdJk; tphpthf;fj;Jld; 2012Mk;

Mz;L fhyg;gFjpapy; Ntiyapd;ik tPjk;

Kd;ida Mz;bd; 4.2 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 4.0

rjtPj Fiwe;j kl;lj;jpw;F tPo;r;rpaile;jJ.

NkYk;> 2012Mk; Mz;Lf; fhyg;gFjpapd; NghJ

Kiw rhHe;j jdpahH Jiw $ypfs; Kd;ida

Mz;Lld; xg;gpLifapy; 22.2 rjtPjj;jpdhy;

mjpfhpj;jJ. ,t;tjpfhpg;ghdJ Ntshz;ikj;

Jiwapd; ngausT $yp tPjr; Rl;nlz;

mj;Jiwapd; $yp kPs;jpUj;jq;fspd; fPo;

29.3 rjtPj mjpfhpg;gpdhy; KOikahfj; J}

z;Ljyspf;fg;gl;lJ. vdpDk;> ifj;njhopy;>

tHj;jfk; kw;Wk; gzpfs; Jiwapd; ngausT $ypr;

Rl;nlz;fs; mjidtplTk; $LjyhfNth my;yJ

Fiwe;jstpNyh fhzg;gl;lJ. KiwrhHe;j jdpahH

Jiw $ypfspd; fzprkhdsT mjpfhpg;G C.Nr.

epjpaj;jpdhy; fpilf;fg;ngw;w gq;fspg;Gf;fspid

mjpfhpf;fr; nra;jd.

1.3 gztPf;fk;

2012 fhyg;gFjpapy; ,yq;ifapd; gztPf;fk;

njhlHr;rpahd ehd;F Mz;Lfshf xw;iw

,yf;f kl;lj;jpy; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ. vdpDk;>

Kd;ida Mz;Lld; xg;gpLifapy; 2012,y;

nryT mOj;jq;fs; kw;Wk; toq;fy;gf;f

fhuzpfspdhy; gztPf;fk; mjpfhpj;jJ. 2012

ngg;GUthpapy; 2.7 rjtPjkhff; fhzg;gl;l

Mz;bw;F mbg;gilapyhd gztPf;fk; A+iyapy;

9.8 rjtPjj;jpw;F mjpfhpj;J Mz;L G+uhfTk;

caHe;j xw;iw ,yf;f kl;lj;jpy; fhzg;gl;lJ.

ngw;Nwhypa cw;gj;jpfspd; epHzapf;fg;gl;l

njhopw;ghLfspd; kPsha;T

107


tpiyfspd; Nky; Nehf;fpa jpUj;jk;> kpd;tY>

vy;gp thA kw;Wk; NgUe;Jf; fl;lzq;fs;>

gy;NtW ,wf;Fkjpg; nghUl;fs; kPjhd mjpfhpj;j

jPHitfs;> ,yq;if &ghtpd; ngWkjp Fiwg;G

kw;Wk; ghjfkhd fhyepiy epiyikfspdhy;

czT tpiyfs; caHtile;jik vd;gdNt

gztPf;fk; mjpfhpj;jikf;F mbg;gilf;

fhuzq;fshFk;.

epjpaply; &.200.4 gpy;ypadhff; fhzg;gl;lJ.

cs;ehl;L epjpaply; %yq;fspy;> tq;fpj;njhopy;

Jiw murhq;fj;jpw;fhd nfhLfldhsuhf Kf;fpa

tfpghfj;jpidf; nfhz;bUe;jJ. tq;fpj;njhopy;

JiwaplkpUe;jhd murhq;fj;jpd; gLfld;fs;

&.131.5 gpy;ypadhff; fhzg;gl;l Ntisapy;

tq;fpay;yh epWtdq;fsplkpUe;jhd fld;ghLfs;

&.68.9 gpy;ypadhf kl;LNk fhzg;gl;ld. ,jd;gb>

2012,d; tq;fpay;yhj; JiwaplkpUe;jhd

fld;ghLfs; Kd;ida Mz;Lld; xg;gpLifapy;

74.9 rjtPjj;jpdhy; mjpfhpj;jJ. Kd;ida

Mz;Lfspidg; NghyNt> C.Nr. epjpak; kw;Wk;

Njrpa Nrkpg;G tq;fp vd;gd tq;fpay;yhj;

Jiwapd; Kf;fpa epWtd KjyPl;lhsHfshf

tpsq;fpd. eLj;ju fhyj;jpy; tuT nryTj;jpl;lg;

gw;whf;Fiw nkh.c.cw;gj;jpapy; 4 rjtPjkhf

jpl;lkplg;gl;l Fiwg;G tpiuthd mbg;gilapy;

NtWgl;l nrhj;Jf;fspw;F nrhj;Jg;gl;baypd;

gy;tifj;jd;ikj; Njitg;ghl;bidf;

Fwpj;Jf;fhl;Ltjdhy; C.Nr. epjpaj;jpw;F

Kf;fpakhdnjhd;whff; fhzg;gLfpwJ.

1.5 ehzaf; nfhs;if

2012 Mz;Lf; fhyg;gFjp KOtJk; kj;jpa

tq;fp caH gz kw;Wk; nfhLfld; tphpthf;fk;

kw;Wk; Nfs;tpj;Àz;ly; gztPf;f mOj;jq;fs;

vd;gtw;wpidf; Fiwg;gjw;fhf ,Wf;fkhd

ehzaf; nfhs;if epiyikapidf; nfhz;bUe;jJ.

2012 ngg;GUthpapy;> kj;jpa tq;fpf; nfhs;if

tPjq;fspid 50 mbg;gilg; Gs;spfspdhy;

mjpfhpj;jJld; nryhtzp tPjj;jpid

mjpfstpy; re;ij jPHkhdpg;gjw;F mDkjpj;jJ.

2012 Vg;gpwypy;> kPs;nfhs;tdT tPjj;jpid 7.75

rjtPjj;jpw;F 25 mbg;gilg; Gs;spfspdhYk;

NeHkhw;W kPs;nfhs;tdT tPjj;jpid 9.75

rjtPjj;jpw;F 75 mbg;gilg; Gs;spfspdhYk;

NkYk; mjpfhpj;jJ. mj;Jld;> ,yq;if kj;jpa

tq;fp fiufle;J Nrfhpf;fg;gl;l epjpfspÇlhf

,ilntspapid epjpapLk; tq;fpfspw;F &ghf;

nfhLfld; tsHr;rpapid 18 rjtPjj;jpw;F my;yJ

23 rjtPjj;jpw;Ff; Fiwg;gjw;F chpkk; ngw;w

tq;fpfspw;F gzpg;Giu toq;fpaJ. ,Wf;fkhd

ehzaf; nfhs;if epiyikapd; fhuzkhf>

Mz;bWjpapy; nfhLfld; tsHr;rp fzprkhdstpy;

tPo;r;rpaile;jJ. nfhLfld; tsHr;rpapd; tPo;r;rp

kw;Wk; rhjfkhd gztPf;f vjpHghHf;iffspd;

Nehf;Fld;> kj;jpa tq;fp nfhs;if tPjq;fs;

xt;nthd;wpidAk; 25 mbg;gilg; Gs;spfspdhy;

Fiwg;gjd; %yk; 2012 jpnrk;ghpy; mjd; ehzaf;

nfhs;if epiyapidj; jsHj;jpaJ.

nkhj;jj;jpy;> Mz;bd; Kjy; vl;L khj

fhyg;gFjpapy; re;ijj; jputj;jd;ik

kpifahff; fhzg;gl;lJld; mjd; gpd;dH

1.4 ,iwf; nfhs;if

2012 fhyg;gFjpapy; ,yq;if murhq;fk;

thpf; nfhs;ifj; jpUj;jq;fs;> kPz;nlOk;

nrytpdq;fspidf; Fiwj;jy; kw;Wk; nghUshjhu

tsHr;rpia mjpfhpg;gjw;F nghJ KjyPLfspidg;

Ngzy; vd;gdtw;wpD}lhf ,iwf; nfhs;if

xd;wpizg;gpid ,yf;fpl;lJ. ,jd;gb>

murhq;fk; ,iwg; gw;whf;Fiwapid 2011,d;

nkh.c.cw;gj;jpapd; 6.9 rjtPjj;Jld; xg;gpLifapy;

2012 fhyg;gFjpapy; nkh.c.cw;gj;jpapd; 6.4

rjtPjkhfg; NgZtjpid ,ayr;nra;jJ.

2012,d; murhq;fj;jpd; gLfld; Kfhikj;Jt

cghakhdJ murhq;fj;jpd; epjpapay;

Njitg;ghLfspid rhj;jpakhd Mff; Fiwe;j

nryT kl;lj;jpy; G+Hj;jp nra;jy; kw;Wk;

,lHfspid Kd;kjpahd kl;lq;fspy; Kfhik

nra;jy; vd;gdtw;wpy; ,yf;fpl;lJ. ,t;thz;Lf;

fhyg;gFjpapy;> xl;Lnkhj;j tuT nryTj;jpl;lg;

gw;whf;Fiwahd &.489 gpy;ypad; Kf;fpakhf

ntspehl;L %yq;fspÇlhf epjpaplg;gl;lJ.

2012,w;fhd ntspehl;L epjpaplypd; tuT

nryTj;jpl;l kjpg;gPL 42 rjtPjkhff; fhzg;gl;l

NghjpYk; cz;ik ntspehl;L epjpaply;

Mz;bd; nkhj;j epjpaply; Njitg;ghLfspd;

59 rjtPjj;jpw;Fg; gq;fspj;jJ. khwhf> fle;j

Mz;by; ntspehl;L epjpaply; mur fld;ghLfs;

Njitg;ghLfspd; 49 rjtPjj;jpw;F tif$wpaJ.

2012 fhyg;gFjpapy; Njwpa ntspehl;L epjpaply;

&.286.5 gpy;ypadhff; fhzg;gl;l Ntisapy;

cs;ehl;L %yq;fspdhy; jpul;lg;gl;l Njwpa

4

2

0

6

8

10

12

!nfhOk;G Efh;Nthh; tpiyr;Rl;nlz;tiuglk; 13

Mz;Lf;fhz;L khw;wk; (%)

%

Mz;Lr;ruhrhp khw;wk;(%)


[dthp

ngg;gut

hp

khh;r

Vg;gpuy;

Nk

[{d;

[Piy

Xf];l;

nrg;nlk;gh;

xf;Nlhgh;

entk;gh;

jpnrk;gh;

108


rkg;gLj;jg;gl;l epiyapy; Ngzg;gl;lJ. mikg;G

hPjpahd jputj;jd;ikr; rkkpd;ikfspidf;

fl;Lg;gLj;Jtjw;F ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp

jpwe;j re;ij eltbf;iffspid ePz;l fhy

mbg;gilapy; gad;gLj;jpaJ.

1.6 tl;b tPjq;fs;

2012,d; Kd;diug; gFjpapy;> nfhs;if tPjq;fs;

kw;Wk; tq;fpf; fld; toq;fy;fs; kPjhd cr;r

vy;iyfspd; mjpfhpg;gpd; fhuzkhf re;ij tl;b

tPjq;fs; mjpfhpj;jd. ,jd;gb> 2012 ngg;GUthp

kw;Wk; Vg;gpwypy; ruhrhp epiwNaw;wg;gl;l

miog;Gg; gz tPjk; nfhs;if tl;b tPjq;fspd;

Nky; Nehf;fpa jpUj;jj;Jld; ,ire;J nry;Yk;

tpjj;jpy; 120 mbg;gilg; Gs;spfspdhy;

mjpfhpf;fg;gl;lJ. ruhrhp epiwNaw;wg;gl;l

miog;Gg; gz tPjk; A+iy eLg;gFjpapy;

mjpAaH kl;lkhd 10.71 rjtPjj;jpid

mile;jJld; mjd; gpd;dH nfhs;if tPjq;fspd;

caH vy;iyf;F mz;kpj;jjhf Vwj;jho 10.54

rjtPjj;jpy; epiyahfg; Ngzg;gl;lJ. vdpDk;>

nfhs;if tPjq;fspd; Fiwg;G kw;Wk; nfhLfld;

kl;lq;fspd; KbTWj;jy; kPjhd vjpHghHf;iffs;

jpnrk;gH eLg;gFjpapy; ruhrhp epiwNaw;wg;gl;l

miog;Gg; gz tPjj;jpd; fLikahd fPo; Nehf;fpa

jpUj;jj;jpw;F toptFj;jd. NkYk;> ,yq;if

tq;fpfspw;fpilNaahd toq;fy; tPjj;jpd; mirT

ruhrhp epiwNaw;wg;gl;l miog;Gg; gz tPjj;Jld;

,ire;J fhzg;gl;lJ.

2011,d; ehd;fhtJ fhyhz;by; mjpfhpf;fj;

njhlq;fpa itg;G tPjq;fs; 2012 Mz;L

KOtJk; njhlHr;rpahf mjpfhpj;jd.

re;ijapd; mjpfsT gq;fpidg; ghJfhg;gjw;F

epjpapay; epWtdq;fspdhy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l

fLikahd epjpj; jpul;ly;fs; kw;Wk; ,Wf;fkhd

jputj;jd;ik epiyikfs; itg;G tPjq;fs;

mjpfhpg;gjw;Ff; fhuzkhfpd. 2012 jpnrk;ghpy;

ruhrhp epiwNaw;wg;gl;l itg;G tPjk; mjd;

Kd;ida Mz;bWjpapd; 7.24 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J

10.10 rjtPjj;jpw;F mjpfhpj;jJ. xg;gPl;lstpy;>

,t;thz;by; C.Nr. epjpak; C.Nr. epjpa

cWg;gpdHfSf;F 11.5 rjtPj tUthapidr;

nrYj;jpaJ.

2.1 mur gpizaq;fs; re;ij

mjpfhpj;j nfhs;if tPjq;fs;> ,Wf;fkhd

jputj;jd;ik epiyikfs; kw;Wk; caH mur

fld;ghl;Lj; Njitg;ghLfs; vd;gdtw;wpd;

fhuzkhf 2012 fhyg;gFjpapy; Kjyhe;jur;

re;ijapy; mur gpizaq;fspw;fhd tpisT

tPjq;fs; mjpfhpj;jd. ,t;tjpfhpj;Jr; nry;Yk;

Nghf;F 2012 Nk tiu njhlHe;jJ. vdpDk;>

tHj;jf tq;fpfs; kPJ tpjpf;fg;gl;l cr;rvy;iy

jpiwNrhp cz;bay;fspw;fhd MHtj;jpidf;

J}z;b Kjyhe;jur; re;ijapy; jpiwNrhp

cz;bay;fspd; tpisT tPjq;fspd; Fiwg;gpw;F

toptFj;jd. NkYk;> re;ijf;fhd jpiwNrhp

cz;bay;fspd; toq;fy;fs; gbg;gbahd

tPo;r;rp kw;Wk; jpiwNrhp cz;bay;fspd; Neub

toq;fiy ,y;yhky; nra;jy; Nghd;w kj;jpa

tq;fpapd; NtWgl;l cghaq;fspdhy; jpiwNrhp

cz;bay;fspd; ruhrhp epiwNaw;wg;gl;l tpisT

tPjq;fs; tPo;r;rpaile;jd. ,jdhy;> 2012

Nkapy; 91-ehl;fs; jpiwNrhp cz;bay;fspd;

tpisT tPjk; tPo;r;rpaile;j Ntisapy;

kw;iwa KjpHr;rpfs; kPjhd tpisT tPjk; mjd;

gpd;dH tPo;r;rpaile;jd. NkYk;> 2012 jpnrk;gH

fhyg;gFjpapy; nfhs;if tPjq;fspd; fPo; Nehf;fpa

jpUj;jj;Jld; NrHe;J Vida KjpHr;rpfspd;

tpisT tPjq;fs; tPo;r;rpaile;jd.

mur gpizaq;fspd; ,uz;lhe;jur; re;ij tpisT

tPjq;fs; KOmstpyhd tl;b tPj fl;likg;gpd;

Nky; Nehf;fpa mirTld; ,ize;J 2012

Xf];j;J tiu mjpfhpj;jd. Kjyhe;jur; re;ij

tpisT tPjq;fspd; tYthd jd;ikAld; NrHj;J

,uz;lhe;jur; re;ij tpisT tPjq;fs; midj;J

KjpHTfspdpilNaAk; 2012 nrj;njk;ghpypUe;J

tPo;r;rpaile;J nry;Yk; Nghf;fpidf; fhl;baJ.

NkYk;> ntspehl;L KjyPl;lhsHfspdhy; jpiwNrhp

Kwpfspw;fhd mjpfhpj;j Nfs;tpAk; ,uz;lhe;jur;

re;ijapy; tpisT tPjj;jpd; tPo;r;rpf;Fg;

gq;fspj;jJ.

6.00

6.50

7.00

7.50

8.00

8.50

9.00

9.50

10.00

10.50

11.00

%

njhpT nra;ag;gl;l tl;b tPjq;fspyhd Nghf;F 2012tiuglk; 14

[d-12

v];vy;INgh Vlgpas;A+bMh;

ruhrhp re;ij miog;G tPjk; kPs; nfhs;tdT tPjk;

Neh;khw;W kPs; nfhs;tdT tPjk;

Nk-12 nrg;-12khh;-12 [{iy-12 ent-12ngg;-12 [{d;-12 xf;-12Vg;-12 Xf-12

%yk;: ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp

109


,yq;ifg; gpizaq;fs; kw;Wk; ,yq;ifg;

ghptHj;jid Mizf;FO jufH nfhLfld;

kw;Wk; tHj;jfk; kPjhd tpjpfisj; jsHj;jpaik>

nfhs;if tl;b tPjq;fs; jpUj;jpaikf;fg;gl;lik>

I.m.nlhyUf;nfjpuhf &ghtpd; gbg;gbahd

kPl;rp kw;Wk; ntspehl;L KjyPl;lhsHfspd;

njhlHr;rpahd gq;Nfw;G vd;gd %yjdr; re;ijapd;

kPl;rpf;F cjtpd. ,jd;gb> midj;Jg; gq;F

tpiyr; Rl;nlz; 2012 Mz;Lf; fhyg;gFjpapy;

2011,d; 8.5 rjtPj tPo;r;rpAld; xg;gpLifapy;

7 rjtPjj;jpdhy; kl;LNk tPo;r;rpaile;jJ. 2012

,Wjpapy;> kpyq;fh tpiyr; Rl;nlz; Kd;ida

Mz;Lld; xg;gpLifapy; 2 rjtPjj;jpdhy;

tPo;r;rpaile;jJ. xspTkiwtw;wjd;ik

kw;Wk; tpjpfis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l

,yf;FfSf;fhd KjyPl;lhsHfspd; Njitiag;

G+Hj;jp nra;Ak; nghUl;L 2012 A+d; 27Mk; jpfjp

];uhd;ll; md; GtH ,yq;if 20 Rl;nlz;zhdJ

mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. 2012 ,Wjpapy;>

,r;Rl;nlz;zhdJ mjd; Muk;gj;jpypUe;J

2.2 fk;gdpg; gLfld; gpizaq;fs; re;ij

Kd;ida Mz;Lld; xg;gpLifapy;> 2012

fhyg;gFjpapy; fk;gdpg; gLfld; gpizaq;fs;

re;ij xg;gPl;lstpy; Kidg;ghff; fhzg;gl;lJ.

Ma;Tf;Fhpa Mz;Lf; fhyg;gFjpapy;>

epWtdq;fspdhy; toq;fg;gl;l tHj;jfg;

gj;jpuq;fspd; ngWkjp &.36.9 gpy;ypadhff;

fhzg;gl;l Ntisapy; ,J 2011,y; ntWkNd

&.13.6 gpy;ypadhff; fhzg;gl;lJ. NkYk;> Mz;Lf;

fhyj;jpy; KjyPl;lhsHfs; ,uz;L tq;fpj;njhopy;

epWtdq;fs; %yk; fk;gdp njhFjpf; fld;fspd;

xd;gJ gl;bay;fis Mjhukhff; nfhz;bUe;jdH.

,j;njhFjpf; fld;fs; epiyahd kw;Wk; kpjf;Fk;

tl;b tPjq;fspidf; nfhz;bUe;jJld; Ie;J

Mz;L KjpHr;rpf; fhyj;jpidAk; nfhz;bUe;jJ.

fk;gdpj; njhFjpf; fld; toq;fy; %yk; 2012,y;

NrHf;fg;gl;l epjp &.12.5 gpy;ypadhFk;. vdpDk;>

fk;gdpg; gLfld; fUtpfspw;fhd ,uz;lhe;jur;

re;ij Kd;ida Mz;ilg; NghyNt 2012

fhyg;gFjpapYk; epiyahff; fhzg;gl;lJ.

2.3 gq;Fhpik %yjdr; re;ij

gq;Fhpik %yjdr; re;ij 2009 kw;Wk; 2010,y;

fhzg;gl;l caHe;j vOr;rpAld; xg;gpLifapy;

2012,y; ghjfkhd nrayhw;wj;ijf; fhl;baJ.

2010 gpw;gFjpapy; Muk;gkhd %yjdr; re;ij

tpiyr; Rl;nlz;zpd; fPo; Nehf;fpa Nghf;F 2011

kw;Wk; 2012,d; Kd;diug; gFjpapy; njhlHe;Jk;

epytpaJ. gq;Fj; jufHfs; kPJ tpjpf;fg;gl;l

nfhLfld; kPjhd tiuaiwfs;> re;ijapd;

jputj;jd;ik tiuaiwfs;> cyfshtpa

epjpapay; re;ijapd; jhf;fj;jpd; frpT> nryhtzp

tPjj;jpd; jsk;gYWk; jd;ik kw;Wk; caHthff;

fhzg;gl;l epiyahd tUkhdg; gpizaq;fspd;

tpisTfs; vd;gd gq;Fr; re;ijapd; fPo; Nehf;fpa

Nghf;fpw;fhd Kf;fpakhd fhuzq;fshFk;.

,Ug;gpDk;> 2012 Mz;Lf; fhyj;jpd; gpd;diug;

gFjpapy; rhjfkhd kPl;rp mtjhdpf;fg;gl;lJ.

% M.fh

ml;ltid 3 ,uz;lhe;jur; re;ijapy; mur gpizfspd; tpisT tPjk;

fhyhz;L ,Wjpapy;

bnr-11 khh;-12 [{d;-12 nrg;-12 bnr-12

jpiuNrhp cz;bay;fs; 91 ehl;fs; 8.60 10.90 11.05 11.30 10.10

182 ehl;fs; 8.78 11.00 12.50 12.73 11.30

364 ehl;fs; 9.25 11.15 12.81 12.98 11.65

jpiwNrhp Kwpfs; 2 Mz;Lfs; 9.45 11.70 13.20 13.20 11.70

3 Mz;Lfs; 9.85 11.95 13.75 13.33 11.75

4 Mz;Lfs; 9.92 12.10 14.03 13.60 11.95

5 Mz;Lfs; 9.95 - 14.15 13.80 11.85%yk;: ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp

2,400

2,500

2,600

2,700

2,800

2,900

3,000

3,100

3,200

3,300

0

1,000

1/2/

2012

2/2/

2012

3/2/

2012

4/2/

2012

5/2/

2012

6/2/

2012

7/2/

2012

8/2/

2012

9/2/

2012

10/2

/201

2

11/2

/201

2

12/2

/201

2

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

Vv];I

Vv];I

v];vd;gp 20

v];vd;gp 20

midj;Jg; gq;F tpiyr; Rl;nlz; kw;Wk; ];uhd;ll; Gth; ,yq;if 20

tiuglk; 15

%yk;: nfhOk;G gq;Fg; ghpth;j;jid

110


kw;Wk; &.34 gpy;ypadhff; fhzg;gl;lJld;>

Njwpa ntspehl;L cl;gha;r;ry;fs; &.38.7

gpy;ypaDf;F (I.m.nlhyH 304 kpy;ypad;)

fhuzkhapUe;jJ. 2011 fhyg;gFjpapy;

,yq;ifapd; %yjdr; re;ijapypUe;jhd Njwpa

ntspehl;L ntspg;gha;r;ry; &.19 gpy;ypadhf

(I.m.nlhyH 167 kpy;ypad;) fhzg;gl;lJ. epWtd

KjyPl;lhsHfs; ntspehl;Lf; nfhs;tdTfspy;

95.8 rjtPjg; gq;fspg;Gld; KjyPl;lhsH jsj;jpy;

Mjpf;fk; nrYj;jpdH.

3. C.Nr. epjpar; nrayhw;wj;jpd; kPsha;T

epjpaj;jpd; nkhj;jr; nrhj;Jf;fs; 2011

,Wjpapd; &.1>018 gpy;ypaDld; xg;gpLifapy;

2012 ,Wjpapy; &.1>144 gpy;ypaid mile;J

12.4 rjtPj tsHr;rpapidg; gjpT nra;Js;sJ.

,t;tjpfhpg;G cWg;gpdHfspd; gq;fspg;G kw;Wk;

epjpaj;jpd; Kd;kjpAila Kfhikj;Jtj;jpÇlhf

cUthf;fg;gl;l tUkhdk; vd;gdtw;wpypUe;J

fpilf;fg; ngw;wjhFk;. 2012 ,Wjpapy; cWg;gpdH

fzf;Ffspd; nkhj;j vz;zpf;if 14.6

kpy;ypaid mile;jJ. ,J 2011 ,Wjpapy; gjpT

nra;ag;gl;l &.14 kpy;ypaDld; xg;gpLifapy; 4.3

rjtPj mjpfhpg;gpidf; nfhz;bUe;jJ. gq;fspg;Gr;

nrYj;Jk; cWg;gpdHfspd; vz;zpf;if 2011

,Wjpapy; mwpf;ifaplg;gl;l 2.2 kpy;ypadpypUe;J

2012 ,Wjpapy; 2.3 kpy;ypaDf;F mjpfhpj;j

Ntisapy; gq;fspg;Gr; nrYj;jhj cWg;gpdH

fzf;Ffs; 2011 ,Wjpapd; 11.8 kpy;ypaDld;

xg;gpLifapy; 2012 ,Wjpapy; 12.3 kpy;ypadhff;

fhzg;gl;lJ. mNjNtis> gq;fspg;Gr; nrYj;Jk;

8 rjtPjj;jpdhy; mjpfhpj;jJ. Fbghdk;>

czT kw;Wk; Gifapiyj; Jiw jtpHe;j

Vida midj;Jj; JiwfSk; %yjdr; re;ij

tPo;r;rpf;Fg; gq;fspj;jd.

Rl;nlz;fspd; tPo;r;rpAld; NrHe;J nfhOk;G

gq;Fg; ghptHj;jidapy; re;ij %yjdkakhf;fy;

2011 ,Wjpapy; &.2.21 wpy;ypadpypUe;J 2012

,Wjpapy; &.2.17 wpy;ypaDf;F 2 rjtPjj;jpdhy;

tPo;r;rpaile;jJ. ,t;thz;Lf; fhyg;gFjpapy;>

Muk;gg; gq;F toq;fy;fs; %yk; MW Gjpa

gl;baw;gLj;jy;fSk; 19 chpikg; gq;F

toq;fy;fSk; mwpKfg;gLj;jy; %yk; 12 Gjpa

gl;baw;gLj;jy;fSk; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;ld.

,jd;gb> nfhOk;G gq;Fg; ghptHj;jidapy;

gl;baw;gLj;jg;gl;l fk;gdpfspd; vz;zpf;if

2012 Kbtpy; 15 ,dhy; 287,w;F mjpfhpj;jJ.

NkYk;> %yjdr; re;ijapd; Gus;T 2011,d;

&.546 gpy;ypad; Gus;Tld; xg;gpLifapy; 2012,y;

&.214 gpy;ypaDf;F tPo;r;rpaile;jJ. ,jdhy;

nfhOk;G gq;Fg; ghptHj;jidapd; ehshe;j ruhrhpg;

Gus;Tk; Kd;ida Mz;bd; &.2>286 kpy;ypaDld;

xg;gpLifapy; 2012,y; &.884 kpy;ypaDf;F

tPo;r;rpaile;jJ. Kd;ida Mz;Lfisg;

NghyNt cs;ehl;L KjyPl;lhsHfs; KjyPl;Lj;

jsj;jpy; Mjpf;fk; nrYj;jpdH. cs;ehl;L

KjyPl;lhsHfspd; Gus;tpw;fhd gq;fspg;G kw;Wk;

nfhLf;fy;thq;fy;fspd; vz;zpf;if vd;gd

KiwNa 75 rjtPjk; kw;Wk; 97 rjtPjkhFk;.

nfhOk;G gq;Fg; ghptHj;jid 2010 kw;Wk;

2011,y; Njwpa ntspehl;L ntspg;gha;r;ry;fisf;

nfhz;bUe;j NghjpYk;> ,yq;ifapd; %yjdr;

re;ijapy; ntspehl;L KjyPl;lhshhpd; gq;Nfw;G

2012,y; mjpfhpj;jJ. ntspehl;Lf; nfhs;tdTfs;

kw;Wk; tpw;gidfs; KiwNa &.72.7 gpy;ypad;

ml;ltiz 4 C.Nr.ep. kPsspg;G nfhLg;gdT 2012

C.Nr.ep nfhLg;gdT fhuzq;fs;

kPsspg;G tpz;zg;gq;fspd;

vz;zpf;if

nkhj;j kPsspg;gj; njhif (m)

vz;zpf;if % njhif (&.gpy;) %

Xa;T+jpa taij mile;jik 74,161 61.0 35.79 75.3

jpUkzk; fhuzkhf Xa;T ngw;wik 27,114 22.8 4.85 9.5

Gyk; ngah;jy; 1,654 1.7 1.95 5.2

itj;jpa Njit 1,080 1.1 0.53 1.2

cWg;gpdhpd; kuzk; 5,181 8.2 2.09 4.3

Xa;T+jpa chpj;Jila Ntiy ngw;wik 5,293 4.3 0.96 1.9

Vidait 1,171 1.0 1.77 2.7

nkhj;jk; 115,654 100.0 47.94 100.0%yk;: C.Nr.ep. jpizf;fsk;> ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp

(m) Nkw;Fwpg;gpl;lit gFjpf; nfhLg;gdTfs; Nfl;fg;glhj nfhLg;gdTfs; kw;Wk; gpbj;J itf;fg;gl;l nfhLg;gdTfs; jtph;e;j nfhLg;gdTfis kl;Lk; cs;slf;fpAs;sJ.

111


njhopy;jUeHfspd; vz;zpf;if 2011 ,Wjpapy;

mwpf;ifaplg;gl;l 64>562 ,ypUe;J 2012 ,Wjpapy;

68>140 ,w;F 5.5 rjtPjj;jpdhy; mjpfhpj;jJ.

3.1 cWg;gpdH gq;fspg;Gf;fSk; xa;Tfhy

ed;ikfspd; nfhLg;gdTfSk;

2012,y;> cWg;gpdH gq;fspg;G 2011,d; &.61.9

gpy;ypadpypUe;J &.70.2 gpy;ypaDf;F 13.4

rjtPjj;jpdhy; mjpfhpj;jJ. 2012,y; kPsspg;G

ed;ikfshf mjd; cWg;gpdHfspw;F my;yJ

mtHfspd; rl;l hPjpahd thhpRfSf;Fr;

nrYj;jg;gl;l nkhj;jj; njhif &.48.7

gpy;ypadhFk;. ,J 2011,y; nrYj;jg;gl;l

&.47.3 gpy;ypaidtpl 3 rjtPjk; nfhz;lnjhU

mjpfhpg;ghFk;. ,jd;gb> Njwpa gq;fspg;Gf;fs;

(kPsspg;G ed;ikfisf; fopj;j nkhj;jg;

gq;fspg;Gf;fs;) Kd;ida Mz;bd; &.14.6

gpy;ypaDld; xg;gpLifapy; 47.3 rjtPjj;jpdhy;

mjpfhpj;J &.21.5 gpy;ypadhff; fhzg;gl;lJ.

tiuG 16 ,y; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sthW>

gq;fspg;Gf;fs; kw;Wk; kPsspg;Gf; nfhLg;gdTfs;

,uz;Lk; fle;j 5 Mz;Lfshf mjpfhpj;Jr;

nry;Yk; Nghf;fpidf;fhl;bd. ml;ltiz

4 ,y; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sthW C.Nr. epjpa

kPsspg;Gf; nfhLg;gdTfs; Xa;T+jpa taij

mile;jtHfspw;Nf Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;lJ. NkYk;>

kPsspg;Gf;fhd Nfhuy;fspy; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fsT

tpfpjk; jpUkzk; fhuzkhf Ntiyia

,uh[pdhkhr; nra;j ngz; cWg;gpdHfsplkpUe;J

ngwg;gl;ljhFk;.

mjpfhpj;jJ. KjyPl;Lr; nrhj;Jg;gl;baypy;

Vw;gl;l tsHr;rp Kf;fpakhf KjyPLfspypUe;jhd

tUtha; kw;Wk; cWg;gpdHfspd; gq;fspg;Gf;fspy;

Vw;gl;l tsHr;rp vd;gdtw;wpd; %yk; ngwg;gl;lJ.

toikNghy> 2012,y; epjpaj;jpd; ngUk; gFjp

nkhj;j KjyPl;by; 93.6 rjtPjk; nfhz;l

epjpaj;jpd; mur gpizaq;fspy; KjyPL

nra;ag;gl;ld. 5.4 rjtPjk; gq;F %yjdq;fspYk;

0.7 rjtPjk; fk;gdp njhFjpf;fld;fspYk; KjyPL

nra;ag;gl;ld. kPjp 0.3 rjtPjk; epjpaj;jpd;

jputj;jd;ikj; Njitg;ghl;bidg; G+Hj;jp

nra;tjw;fhf caH jputj;jd;ikapidf; nfhz;l

mur gpizaq;fs; kw;Wk; Neh;khw;W kPs;nfhs;tdT

Nghd;wtw;wpy; KjyPL nra;ag;gl;ld. Kd;ida

Mz;Lld; xg;gpLifapy;> mur gpizaq;fspy;

KjyPL nra;ag;gl;l gFjp 2.8 rjtPjj;jpdhy;

mjpfhpj;Js;s Ntisapy; gq;F %yjdq;fspy;

KjyPL nra;ag;gl;l gFjp 2.5 rjtPjj;jpdhy;

Fiwf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

2008

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

02009 2010 2011 2012

46 48.7 54.8 61.9 70.2 25.9 31.9 34.9 47.3 48.7 20.1 16.8 19.9 14.6 21.5

gq;fspg;G> kPsspg;G kw;Wk; Njwpa gq;fspg;G 2008-1012tiuglk; 16

&.gpy;.

gq;fspg;Gfs;

kPsspg;Gfs;

Njwpa gq;fspg;GFs;


3.2 C.Nr.epjpaj;jpd; KjyPl;Lr; nrhj;Jg;

gl;bay;

epjpaj;jpd; nkhj;j KjyPl;Lr; nrhj;Jg;gl;bay;

(Vl;Lg;ngWkjp) 2011,d; &.985.6 gpy;ypadpypUe;J

2012,y; &.1>105.5 gpy;ypaDf;F 12.2 rjtPjj;jpdhy;

-

200

400

600

800627.3

1105.5

985.6

867.1

738.1

1,000

1,200

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

mur gpizaq;fs; gq;F %yjdk;fk;gdpj; njhFjpf; fld;

kw;Wk; Vidait


KjyPl;Lg; gl;baypd; cs;slf;fk; 2008 - 2012tiuglk; 17

&.gpy;.

3.2.1 mur gpizaq;fs; nrhj;Jg;gl;bay;

jpiwNrhp Kwpfs;> &gha;f; fld;fs; kw;Wk;

jpiwNrhp cz;bay;fspid cs;slf;fpa mur

gpizaq;fs; nrhj;Jg;gl;bay; 2011,d; ,Wjpapy;

&.897>7 gpy;ypadpypUe;J 2012,y; &.1>035.2

gpy;ypaDf;F &.137.5 gpy;ypadhy; mjpfhpj;jJ.

2012 ,Wjpapy;> nkhj;jr; nrhj;Jg;gl;baypy;

jpiwNrhp Kwpfs; nrhj;Jg;gl;bay; 91.5

rjtPjkhf tpsq;fpa Ntisapy; &ghf; fld;fs;

2.3 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2.1 rjtPjj;jpw;F rpwpjstpy;

tPo;r;rpaile;jikf;F 2012,y; &ghf;fld;fspy;

Vw;gl;l Kjph;r;rpNa fhuzkhFk;.

2012Mk; Mz;Lg; gFjpapy;> tl;b tUkhdk;>

jPHg;gdT ed;ikfs; kw;Wk; %yjd ed;ikfs;

Nghd;w mur gpizaq;fs; nrhj;Jg;gl;baypypUe;J

ciof;fg;gl;l nkhj;jj; njhif &.119.75

gpy;ypad;fshff; fhzg;gl;lJld;> ,J

epjpaj;jpd; nkhj;j tUkhdj;jpy; 98.4

rjtPjj;jpidg; gpujpgypf;fpd;wJ. 2012,y; ruhrhp

112


&.16.7 gpy;ypadhy; tPo;r;rpaile;jd. 2012

,Wjpapy;> &.59.1 gpy;ypad; ePz;l fhy

KjyPLfisAk; &.0.1 gpy;ypad; tpahghu

nrhj;Jg;gl;baiyAk; cs;slf;fpAs;s gq;Fhpik

%yjdr; nrhj;Jg;gl;bay;> nkhj;j gl;baypy; 5.4

rjtPjj;jpw;F tif$wpaJ.

2011,y; Copah; NrkepjpakhdJ tq;fpj;njhopy;

kw;Wk; epjpapay; JiwfspYs;s mbg;gilapy;

Mw;wy; tha;e;j fk;gdpfspy; Fwpg;ghf tq;fpj;njhopy;

kw;Wk; epjpj; Jiwfspy; gd;Kfg;gLj;jg;gl;l

clikfspy; Rw;Wyh tpLjpfs; kw;Wk; gazq;fs;>

jahhpg;G> fl;Lkhdk; kw;Wk; nghwpapay; Jiwfs;

cs;slq;fpa tpw;gidf;F fpilf;f$ba

ed;Fgy;tifg;gLj;jg;gl;l Jiwfspy; %jyPL

nra;jypid njhlh;e;jJ (tiuglk; 18). 2012,y;

gq;Fhpik %yjdr; nrhj;Jg;gl;bayhdJ gq;F

,yhgq;fs; kw;Wk; %yjd ,yhgq;f@lhf &.2.6

gpy;ypaidg; ngw;Wf;nfhz;lJld; 2011,d; &.2.4

gpy;ypad; njhifAld; xg;gpLifapy; 8.3 rjtPj

mjpfhpg;ig re;ij ,yhgk; Æ ,og;gpidg; gjpT

nra;jJ.

3.2.3 fk;gdp gLfld; nrhj;Jg;gl;bay;

Copah; NrkepjpakhdJ fk;gdpj; njhFjpf;

fld;fs;> ek;gpf;ifr; rhd;wpjo;fs;> <l;bd; %yk;

cj;juthjg;gLj;jg;gl;l gpizaq;fs; Nghd;w

caH ek;gfj;jd;ik nfhz;l KjyPl;Lj;juf;

fUtpfspy; KjyPL nra;fpd;wJ. 2012

fhyg;gFjpapy;> epjpakhdJ re;ijapYs;s

gy gLfld; toq;fy;fspy; Kjypl;Ls;sJ.

2012.12.31,y;> epjpaj;jpd; fk;gdp gLfld;

nrhj;Jg;gl;bayhdJ &.8 gpy;ypadhf tpsq;fpaJ.

,J nkhj;j nrhj;Jg;gl;baypd; 1 rjtPjkhFk;.

epjpak;> fk;gdp gLfld; nrhj;Jg;gl;baypypUe;J

&.1>049 kpy;ypad; nfhz;l tl;b tUkhdj;jpid

cioj;Jf; nfhz;lJld; ruhrhpr; nrhj;Jg;gl;bay;

kPjhd tUtha; tPjk; Mz;nlhd;Wf;F 12.2

rjtPjkhff; fhzg;gl;lJ.

mur gpizaq;fspd; nrhj;Jg;gl;baypypUe;jhd

tUkhdj;jpd; Njwy; nra;ag;gl;l tPjk; 12.1

rjtPjkhf ,Ue;jNtisapy; mur gpizaq;fspd;

nrhj;Jg;gl;baypd; epiwNaw;wg;gl;l ruhrhp

tpisT 11.1 rjtPjkhff; fhzg;gl;lJ

(ml;ltiz 5). ml;ltiz 5 ,y; fhl;lg;gl;lthW

CopaH Nrk epjpa nrhj;Jg;gl;baypYs;s mur

gpizaq;fs; Vwj;jho 54.8 rjtPjkhdit mLj;j

4 Mz;L fhyg;gFjpapy; KjpHr;rpailaTs;s

Ntisapy; 45.2 rjtPjkhdit mLj;j 5 Mz;L

fhyg;gFjpapy; KjpHr;rpailaTs;sJ.

3.2.2 gq;Fhpik %yjdr; nrhj;Jg;gl;bay;

gl;bayplg;gl;l kw;Wk; gl;bayplg;glhj gq;F

%yjdq;fs; ,uz;ilAk; cs;slf;fpAs;s

gq;Fhpik %yjdr; nrhj;Jg;gl;bay;>

gl;bayplg;gl;l nrhj;Jg;gl;baypd; xU gFjp

tpw;gid nra;ag;gl;ljd; fhuzj;jhy;; 2011,d;

&.78.3 gpy;ypadpypUe;J &.59.2 gpy;ypaDf;F

Kjph;r;rp Gj;jfg; ngWkjp &.kpy;. gq;FepiwNaw;wg;gl;l ruhrhp

tpisT (%)

1 Mz;bw;F Fiwthd 231,193 22.3 12.7

1-2 Mz;Lfs; 126,146 12.2 9.8

3-4 Mz;Lfs; 209,817 20.3 10.1

5 Mz;LfSf;F $Ljyhf 468,082 45.2 11.1

nkhj;jk; 1,035,238 100.0 11.1


2012 ,WjpapYs;sthW mur gpizaq;fspd; Kjph;r;rpf; fl;likg;Gml;ltiz 5

45%

13%

12%

7%

4%

4%

15%

2012 ,WjpapYs;sthW gq;Fr; nrhj;Jg; gl;baypd; Jiwthhpahd cs;sikg;Gtiuglk; 18

tq;fpj; njhopy; epjp

jahhpg;G njhiynjhlh;G+l;ly; rf;jp kw;Wk;

tYthf;fy;

Vidait

Rw;Wyh tpLjp

kw;Wk; gazq;fs;

gd;Kfg;gLj;jg;gl;l

cilikfs;;


113


3.2.4 NeHkhw;W kPs;nfhs;tdTk; jpiwNrhp

Kwpf; fld; toq;fYk;

epjpaj;jpd; jputj;jd;ikapid Kfhikg;gLj;Jk;

nghUl;L epjpakhdJ ehshe;jk; kpifahd

gzj;jpid Neh;khw;W kPs;nfhs;tdTr;

re;ijapy; KjyPL nra;jJ. 2012Mk; Mz;Lf;

fhyg;gFjpapy; epjpak; NeHkhw;W kPs;nfhs;tdTf;

nfhLf;fy;thq;fy;fspypUe;J &.251 kpy;ypad;

tl;b tUkhdj;jpid cioj;jJ.

3.2.5 epjpaj;jpd; tUkhdk;

2011,d; epjpaj;jpd; nkhj;j tUkhdkhd &.116.0

gpy;ypaDld; xg;gpLifapy; 2012Mk; Mz;by;

epjpaj;jpd;; nkhj;j tUkhdk; 4.6 gpy;ypadhy;

mjpfhpj;J &.121.4 gpy;ypad; Mff; fhzg;gl;lJ

(ml;ltiz 6). tUkhdj;jpd; kpfcah;e;j

gq;fspg;ghsh;fshf tl;b tUkhdk; kw;Wk;

gjptopf;fg;gl;l ,yhgk; Mfpad fhzg;gl;lJld;

,J nkhj;j tUkhdj;jpy; 97.8 rjtPjj;jpid

gpujpgypj;j Ntisapy; gq;Fyhgk; kw;Wk; %yjd

,yhgq;fs; Mfpad 2.4 rjtPjj;jpid gpujpgypj;jd.

gl;bayplg;gl;l gq;Fhpik %yjdj;jpd; tpahghur;

nrhj;Jg;gl;baypd; re;ijg;gbahd ,og;G 0.3

rjtPjkhff; fhzg;gl;lJ.

2012,y; tl;b tUkhdk; kw;Wk; gjptopf;fg;gl;l

,yhgk; &.5.3 gpy;ypadhy; mjpfhpj;J &.118.7

gpy;ypadhf tpsq;fpaJ. gl;bayplg;gl;l

gq;FhpikfspypUe;jhd %yjhd tUtha;fs;

2012,d; Kd;gFjpapy; rpy gq;Ffs; tpw;gid

nra;ag;gl;ljd; fhuzj;jpdhy; 2011,d; &.715

kpy;ypadpypUe;J 2012,y; &.1020 kpy;ypaDf;F

Fwpg;gplj;jf;fnjhU mjpfhpg;igg; gjpT nra;jJ.

nghJthf> nkhj;j nrhj;Jg;gl;baypd; tpisT

tPjk; 2011,d; 12.5 rjtPjj;jpypUe;J 2012,y;

11.6 rjtPjj;jpw;F tPo;r;rpaile;jikf;F 2012,y;

mjpAah; tUtha; nfhz;l mur gpizaq;fspd;

Kjph;r;rpNa gpujhd fhuzkhFk;.

3.3 njhopw;ghl;Lr; nrytpdk;

Kd;ida Mz;Lfisg; Nghd;Nw> jdpg;gl;l

nrytpdq;fs; mjpfhpj;jikapd; gpujhd

fhuzj;jpdhy;> 2012,y; epjpaj;jpd; nkhj;j

njhopw;ghl;Lr; nrytpdk; 2011,d; &.785.7

kpy;ypadpypUe;J &.947.7 kpy;ypaDf;F 20.6

rjtPj tsh;r;rpiag; gjpTnra;jJ. ,Ug;gpDk;>

epjpakhdJ Ma;Tf;Fupa Mz;Lf; fhyg;gFjpapy;

KOnkhj;j tUkhdj;jpy; mjd; nkhj;j

njhopw;ghl;Lr; nrytpdj;jpid 0.78 rjtPjkhf

ml;ltiz 6 KjyPl;L tUkhdk;

tUkhdj;jpd; %yq;fs;2011 2012

tsh;r;rp%&.kpy;. gq;F (%) &.kpy;. gq;F (%)

tl;b kw;Wk; gjptspg;G ,yhgk; 113,400 97.7 118,696 97.8 4.7

mur gpizaq;fspypUe;jhd %yjd ,yhgk; 10 .. 34 .. 240.0

re;ij tpiyapy; Fwpf;fg;gl;l ,yhgk; / (el;lk;) (267) (0.2) (388) (0.3) 45.3

gq;FfspypUe;jhd %yjd ,yhgk; 715 0.6 1,020 0.8 42.7

gq;fpyhgq;fs; 1,963 1.7 1,996 1.6 1.7

Vidait 222 0.2 55 0.1 (75.2)

nkhj;jk; 116,043 100.0 121,413 100.0 4.6

%yk;: C.Nr.ep.jpizf;fsk;> ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp

tplak;2011

(&.kpy;)

2012

(&.kpy;))

khw;wk;

(%)

Mszpr; nryTfs; 417 514 23.3

eph;thfr; nryTfs; 335 397 18.5

Vida nryTfs; 34 37 8.9

nkhj;jk; 786 948 20.6

nkhj;j tUkhdj;jpd; % Mf nkhj;j nryTfs; 0.68 0.78 12.82%yk;: C.Nr.ep. jpizf;fsk;> ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp

njhopw;ghl;Lr; nrytpdk;ml;ltiz 7

114


Ngzf;$bajhftpUe;jJ. njhopw;ghl;Lr;

nrytpdj;jpid nkhj;j tUkhdj;jpy; 1

rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; Fiwthd mstpy; Ngzf;

$bajhf ,Ue;jik fle;j Mz;Lfspy;

Kf;fpakhdnjhU gz;ghff; fhzg;gl;lJ.

3.4 thpr; nrytpdk;

2012Mk; Mz;Lf; fhyg;gFjpapy;> Copah; Nrk

epjpak; tUkhd thpr; nrytpdkhf &.8>637

kpy;ypaidr; nrYj;jpAs;sJld;> ,J 2011,d;

&.8>055 kpy;ypaDld; xg;gpLifapy; 7.2 rjtPjk;

nfhz;l mjpfhpg;igg; gjpT nra;Js;sJ.

3.5 cWg;gpdH fzf;F epYitfSk; nrYj;jg;gl;l tl;bAk;

2012,y;> &.115.7 gpy;ypad; nfhz;lnjhU

njhif epjpaj;jpd; cWg;gpdHfSf;F tl;bahfg;

gfpHe;jspf;fg;gl;lJ. ,J cWg;gpdHfspd;

kPjpapid> 2011,d; &.986 gpy;ypaDld;

xg;gpLifapy; &.1>124 gpy;ypaDf;F 14.0

rjtPjj;jpdhy; mjpfhpj;jJ.

tPo;r;rpaile;J nry;fpd;w tl;br; #onyhd;wpw;F

kj;jpapYk; epjpakhdJ 2012 jpnrk;gh; 31,y;

Kbtile;j Mz;bw;F 11.5 rjtPjk; nfhz;l

tl;bia gpufldg;gLj;jf; $bajhf ,Ue;jJ.

tsh;r;rpapidAk; cWjp nra;fpwJ. kWgf;fj;jpy;>

2012 jpnrk;gH ,Wjpapy; cs;sthW> C.Nr.

epjpak; caH epjpapay; epWtdj;jpd;

nrhj;Jf;fspy; Vwj;jho 12.7 rjtPjj;jpidf;

nfhz;bUg;gjd; fhuzkhf epjpapay; Jiwapy;

Kiwapay; hPjpahf Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;jnjhU

%ykhf tpsq;Ffpd;wJ. MfNt> epjpaj;Jld;

,ize;J fhzg;gLk; ,lHNeHTfis

Kd;kjpAld; Kfhikg;gLj;JtJ cWg;gpdHfspd;

nry;tj;jpw;Fk; mNjNghd;W ehl;bd; KO

epjpapay; Kiwikf;Fk; Kf;fpaj;Jtk;

tha;e;jjhFk;. epjpaj;jpdhy; vjpHNehf;fg;gLk;

Kf;fpa ,lHNeHTfshf nfhLfld; ,lHNeHT>

re;ij ,lHNeHT> jputj;jd;ik ,lHNeHT kw;Wk;

njhopw;ghl;L ,lHNeHT vd;gd fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

3.6.1 nfhLfld; ,lHNeHT

nfhLfld; ,lNeh;T vd;gJ> xU toq;Fdh; my;yJ

vjph;jug;gpdh; jq;fspd; ntspepw;Fk; epYitfspid

jPh;f;fpd;w nghWg;gpypUe;J jtWk; NghJ

Vw;gLfpd;w ,og;ghFk;. epjpaj;jpd; ghJfhg;gpidf;

ftdj;jpw; nfhz;L> mjd; nrhj;Jg;gl;baypy;

94 rjtPjkhdit mur gpizaq;fspy; KjyPL

nra;ag;gl;Ls;sikapdhy; epjpaj;jpd; nfhLfld;

,lHNeHT Fiwf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. NkYk;> ,lHNeHT

kw;Wk; tUkhdk; vd;gdtw;iwf; ftdj;jpw;

nfhz;L KOikahd gFg;gha;Tfspd; gpd;dH

nkhj;j nrhj;Jg;gl;baypy; Vwj;jho 1 rjtPjkhf

fhzg;gLfpd;w njhpT nra;ag;gl;l caH

ek;gfj;jd;ik nfhz;l fk;gdp gLfld; fUtpfspy;

kl;LNk epjpak; KjyPL nra;ag;gl;L tUtjd;

fhuzkhf mjd; nfhLfld; ,lHNeHTfs;

NkYk; Fiwe;jpUf;fpwJ. NkYk;> epjpaj;jpd;

midj;J NeHkhw;W kPs;nfhs;tdT KjyPLfSk;

NghJkhdsT mur gpizaq;fspdhy;

gpizaplg;gl;Ls;sd.

3.6.2 re;ij ,lHNeHT

re;ij tpiyfspy; khw;wj;jpid Vw;gLj;jf;$ba

tl;b tPjk;> gq;Fhpik tpiyfs; kw;Wk; nryhtzp

tPjq;fshdit epjpaj;jpd; tUkhdk; kw;Wk;

mjd; KjyPLfspd; ngWkjp Nghd;wtw;wpy;

jhf;fj;ij Vw;glf;$ba rhj;jpakhd ,og;Gf;fs;

re;ij ,lHNeHTfs; vdg;gLfpd;wd. jw;NghJ>

epjpaj;jpdhy; vjpHNehf;fg;gLk; re;ij ,lHNeHT

,uz;L tifg;gLk;. mit tl;b tPj ,lHNeHT>

gq;Fhpik tpiy ,lHNeHthFk;> re;ij tl;b

tPjq;fs; mjpfhpf;fpd;w nghOJ jpiwNrhp

Kwpfspd; tHj;jfg;gLj;jy; nrhj;Jg;gl;baypd;

ngWkjp NkhrkilfpwJ. mj;Jld;> tl;btPjq;fs;

Fiwtilfpd;w nghOJ epjpak; Fiwe;j tl;b

tPjq;fspy; KjyPL nra;a Ntz;bapUf;Fk;.

vdpDk;> gy;NtWgl;l KjpHr;rpfisAk;

tpisTfisAk; nfhz;l jpiwNrhp Kwpfis

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

cWg;gpdh; epYitAk; nrYj;jg;gl;l tl;bAk;tiuglk; 19

cWg;gpdh; epYit &.gpy;.

(&.gpy;.)

cWg;gpdh; epYit nrYj;jg;gl;l tl;b (gpy;.)


3.6 ,lHNeHT Kfhikj;Jtk;

ehl;bd; kpfg;nghpa Xa;t+jpa epjpakhjyhy;>

Copah; Nrk epjpakhdJ jdpahh; Jiw kw;Wk;

gFjpastpy; muRrhH Jiw Copah;fspd; ePz;l

fhy KjyPbw;F cah;e;jsthd Xa;Tfhy

ed;ikfs; toq;Ftjid Kfhik nra;Ak;

Ntisapy;> epjpaj;jpd; ghJfhg;G kw;Wk;

115


njhpT nra;tjd; %yKk; tHj;jfg;gLj;Jfpd;w

nrhj;Jg;gl;baypd; mstpid kl;Lg;gLj;Jtjd;

%yKk; epjpaj;jpdhy; Kd;$l;ba nraw;ghL

rhHe;j eltbf;iffis Nkw;nfhs;tjd; %yk;

,J Xustpw;F jzpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.

gq;Fhpik tpiy ,lHNeHT vd;gJ gq;Ffspd;

tpiyfspy; Vw;gLk; tPo;r;rpapd; fhuzkhf

gq;Fhpik nrhj;Jg;gl;baypd; ngWkjpapy; Vw;gLk;

FiwthFk;. tq;fpj;njhopy;> epjp kw;Wk; fhg;GWjp>

gd;Kfg;gLj;jg;gl;l clikfs;> Rw;Wyh tpLjpfs;

kw;Wk; gazk; fl;Lkhdk; kw;Wk; nghwpapay;>

jahhpg;G kw;Wk; njhlHG+l;ly; vd;gd cs;spl;l

tsh;e;JtUk; JiwfSf;Fs; gy;tifg;gLj;jypd;

gq;Fhpik nrhj;Jg;gl;baypd; cah; kl;lq;fspy;

jPh;g;gdT nra;jypd; %yk; Fiwf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ.

NkYk;> Copah; Nrk epjpakhdJ kpff; ftdj;Jld;

Muha;e;J re;ijapy; epjpapay; cWjp kw;Wk; fPo;

tpiyaply; ,Ug;Gf;fspy; kl;LNk Kjypl;Ls;sJ.

NkYk;> gq;Fhpik %yjdr; re;ij ntspg;gLj;Jif

epjpaj;jpd; nkhj;jr; nrhj;Jg;gl;baypy; 5.4

rjtPjkhf khj;jpuk; fhzg;gLtjpdhy; gq;Fhpikr;

nrhj;Jg;gl;bay; kPjhd re;ij ,lHNeHT xg;gPl;L

hPjpapy; FiwthdjhFk;.

3.6.3 jputj;jd;ik ,lHNeHT

epjpapay; nghWg;Gf;fis epiwNtw;w

Kbahikahy; Vw;gLfpd;w epjprhh; my;yJ NtW

tifrhh;e;j rhj;jpakhd ,og;Gf;fNs jputj;jd;ik

,lNeh;T MFk;. Mz;by;> epjpakhdJ

nfhLf;fg;gl;l xU khjj;jpy; my;yJ Mz;by;

kPsspg;G ed;ikf; nfhLg;gdTfSf;F Nkyhf

gq;fspg;gpidg; ngWfpwJ. NkYk;> epjpakhdJ

Mz;L KOtJk; rPuhd tl;b tUkhdk; kw;Wk;

KjpHr;rpg; ngWiffs; Mfpatw;iwg; ngWfpwJ.

epjpaj;jpd; Mz;Lf;fhd kPsspg;Gf; nfhLg;gdT

fhR cl;gha;r;rypy; fpl;lj;jl;l 8 rjtPjkhFk;

(ml;ltiz 8). Nkyjpfkhf> NjitNaw;gbd;>

epjpakhdJ tHj;jfg;gLj;jj;jf;f gpizaq;fs;

kw;Wk; gpbj;Jitj;Js;s KjpHr;rpg; ngWiffs;

vd;gtw;iw tpw;gid nra;tjd; %yk;

re;ijapypUe;J cldbahff; fhrpidj;

jpul;lf;$ba epiyapYkpUf;fpwJ. ehshe;jj;

jputj;jd;ik Kfhik nra;Kiwapd; gb> C.Nr.

epjpak; XhpuT kPs;nfhs;tdTr; re;ijapy; jPtpukhf

gq;Nfw;W ehshe;j mbg;gilapy;; NghJkhd

epjpfisg; NgZfpdw Ntisapy;> ,Uf;fpd;w

fhrpidf; nfhz;L NghJkhd tUkhdj;jpidAk;

ciof;fpd;wJ. ,jd;gb> epjpaj;jpd; jputj;jd;ik

,lHNeHT kpff; Fiwntd;Nw fUjg;gLfpd;wJ.

3.6.4 njhopw;ghl;L ,lHNeHT

epjpak; vjph;Nehf;Ffpd;w njhopw;ghl;L

,lHNeHTtpidf; Fiwg;gjw;F Copah; Nrk

epjpakhdJ nraw;wpwd;kpf;f topKiwfs;

kw;Wk; cldbr; rPuhf;fy; topKiwfis

gpd;gw;Wfpd;wJ. epjpaj;jpd; cWg;gpdH fzf;Ffs;

2011 rdthpapy; Gjpa NgNul;L Kiwikf;Fj;

juKaHj;jg;gl;bUf;Fk; Vv]; 400 ,y; Ngzg;gl;L

tUfpd;wd. ,g;Gjpa KiwikahdJ midj;Jf;

nfhLf;fy;thq;fy;fisAk; xNu ikaj;jpy; gjpT

nra;fpd;w Ntisapy; ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fpapYs;s

C.Nr. epjpa KiwapYs;s nrad;Kiwfs;

ngUkstpw;F xUq;fpizf;fg;gLtjw;F

trjpaspf;fpd;wjd; %yk; njhopw;ghl;L

tpidj;jpwdpd; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;Fk;

Fiwe;jsT kdpj jiyaPl;Lld; ngUksT

Jy;ypakhd juTfSf;Fk; toptFj;jJ. cs;sff;

fl;Lg;ghL kw;Wk; njhopw;ghl;L gytPdq;fspyhd

tpyfy;fs; Kfhikf;F njhpag;gLj;Jtjid

rPuhd KOj; njhopw;ghL njhlh;ghd cs;sff;

fzf;fha;T cWjpnra;fpwJ. epjpaj;jpd;

njhopw;ghl;L ,lHNeHTfs; fzdptop mNjNeu

gpd;D}l;ly; Kiwiknahd;iwg; Ngzpajd;

%yk; NkYk; Fiwf;fg;gl;ld. ,J> epjpak;

ve;jnthU jlq;fYkpy;yhky; njhopw;ghLfis

Nkw;nfhs;tjid ,ayr;nra;jJ. NkYk;>

vjpHghuhj ve;jnthU re;jHg;gj;jpYk;

njhopw;ghLfs; R%fkhf njhopw;gLtjid

cWjpg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf jlq;fyw;w tpahghuj;jpl;lk;

kw;Wk; mdHj;j kPl;G miktplk; vd;gd xt;nthU

Mz;Lk; ghPl;rpf;fg;gl;L tUfpd;wd.

ml;ltiz 8 kPs;nfhLg;gdTf;fhf fpilf;fj;jf;f jputj;jd;ik


Mz;L

fhR cl;gha;r;ry;fhR

ntspg;gha;r;ry;

(kPsspg;G)

kPsspg;G /nkhj;j

cl;gha;r;ry; %

gq;fspg;Gfs; tl;b kw;Wk;

Vida

tUkhdq;fs;

Kjph;r;rp nkhj;jk;

2008 45.95 55.03 235.75 336.73 25.93 7.7

2009 48.71 75.11 249.47 373.30 31.90 8.5

2010 54.80 89.77 303.28 447.84 34.90 7.8

2011 61.88 89.80 380.94 532.62 47.31 8.9

&.gpy;.

116


3.7 tPlikg;Gf; fld; trjp

tPlikg;Gf; fld; jpl;lj;jpd; %yk; ,yq;if

tq;fp> kf;fs; tq;fp> mur <l;L KjyPl;L tq;fp>

tPlikg;G mgptpUj;jp kw;Wk; epjpf; $l;Lj;jhgd

tq;fp> $l;LwT fpuhkpa tq;fpfs; kw;Wk; Njrpa

tPlikg;G mgptpUj;jp mjpfhurig Nghd;w 06

gq;Nfw;fpd;w fld; toq;fy; epWtdq;fsplkpUe;J

cWg;gpdh;fs; tPlikg;Gf; fld;fis

ngWtjw;fhd trjpg;gLj;Jk; nraw;ghL 1998,y;

mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. 2012,y; ,j;jpl;lj;jpd;

fPo; C.Nr. epjpa cWg;gpdh;fspd; epYitfSf;F

vjpuhf cj;juthjr; rhd;wpjo;fs; njhlh;e;J

toq;fpaJ.

,t;thz;Lg; gFjpapy; &.3>973 kpy;ypad; nfhz;l

tPlikg;Gf; fldpd; xg;GjYf;fhf gq;Nfw;Fk;

toq;fy; epWtdq;fSf;F 11>234 cWg;gpdH

epYitr; rhd;wpjo;fs; toq;fg;gl;ld. NkYk;>

2011Mk; Mz;Lf; fhyg;gFjpapy; epYitapYs;s

flidj; jPHg;gdT nra;tjw;fhf 2012,y;

njhlHghd CopaHfspd; fzf;FfspypUe;J

Vwj;jho &.2>019 kpy;ypd; fopf;fg;gl;L gq;Nfw;Fk;

fld; toq;Fk; epWtdq;fSf;F mDg;gp

itf;fg;gl;ld.

tPlikg;Gf; fld; jpl;lk; C.Nr.epjpaj;jpdhy;

toq;fg;gl;l Nkyjpf trjpnahd;whf

,Ue;jNghJk; rpy cWg;gpdh;fs; ,f;flid kPsr;

nrYj;jj; jtwpajd; %yk; ,t;trjpapidg;

Gj;jprhypj;jdkhf gad;gLj;jpf; nfhs;sj;

jtwptpl;ldh;. ,jd; tpisthf> 1988Mk; Mz;bd;

42Mk; ,yf;f C.Nr.epjpa rl;lj;jpw;;fpzq;f C.Nr.

epjpak; epYitapYs;s jtizg; gzj;ijAk;

gq;Nfw;Fk; fld; toq;fy; epWtdq;fspdhy;

tpjpf;fg;gl;l jz;l tl;bj; njhifapidAk;

njhlh;ghd cWg;gpdh; fzf;FfspypUe;J fopj;J

mg;gzj;jpid fld; toq;fy; epWtdq;fSf;F

mDg;gp itf;fpd;wJ. ,jd; tpisthf mj;jifa

cWg;gpdh;fspd; C.Nr.epjpa epYit fLikahff;

Fiwtile;J mth;fspd; Xa;tpd; NghJ kPsspg;G

ed;ikfs; Fiwtiltjw;F toptFf;fpd;wJ.

2012,y; fld; toq;fy; epWtdq;fspdhy;

tpjpf;fg;gl;l jz;l tl;b tPjk; khjnkhd;wpw;F

Vwj;jho 2 ,ypUe;J 4 rjtPjkhf ,Ue;jJ. ,J

Vwj;jho 24 njhlf;fk; 36 rjtPjk; nfhz;l

tUlhe;j jz;l tPjj; njhifahf tpsq;Fk;.

MfNt> ,t;trjpapypUe;J caHe;jgl;r

ed;ikfisg; ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;F tPlikg;Gf;

fld;fis kPsr;nrYj;jj; jtWtjdhy; Vw;gLk;

tpisTfis ,j;jpl;lj;jpd; fPo; tPlikg;Gf;

fld;fisg; ngw;Wf;nfhz;l cWg;gpdHfs;

mwpe;J nfhs;Sjy; Ntz;Lk;.

3.8 rl;lj;jpid eilKiwg;gLj;jy;

C.Nr. epjpar; rl;lj;jpd;gb> njhopy; jpizf;fsk;

epjpaj;jpd; nghJ epUthfj;jpw;Fk; C.Nr.

epjpar; rl;lj;jpid eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjw;Fk;

nghWg;ghfTs;sJ. ,jd;gb 2012,y; khtl;l

njhopy; mYtyfq;fSk; Jiz mYtyfq;fSk;

tlf;F> fpof;F khfhzq;fs; cl;gl midj;J

khfhzq;fspYKs;s 9>799 njhopy;jUeHfisAk;

412>255 CopaHfisAk; gjpT nra;Js;sd. 2012Mk;

Mz;by; gjpT nra;ag;gl;l njhopy;jUeHfspy;

37 rjtPjj;jpw;Fk; $LjyhdtHfs; Nky;

khfhzj;jpypUe;J gjpT nra;ag;gl;l Ntisapy;

njhopy;jUeH nkhj;jg; gjpTfspy; tlf;F kw;Wk;

fpof;F khfhzq;fs; 24 rjtPjj;jpw;F tif$wpd.

rl;l Vw;ghLfspd;gb> cWg;gpdH gq;fspg;Gf;fisr;

nrYj;jhj njhopy;jUeHfSf;nfjpuhf rl;l

eltbf;if vLg;gjw;fhd mjpfhuq;fis njhopy;

jpizf;fsk; nfhz;bUf;fpwJ. ,jw;fika>

khtl;l njhopy; mYtyfq;fspdhYk; Jiz

njhopy; mYtyfq;fspdhYk; KiwNa &.4>604

kpy;ypaidAk; &.2>792 kpy;ypaidAk; Nfhhp

13>134 KjyhtJ mwptpj;jy;fSk; 7>874 rptg;G

mwptpj;jy;fSk; mDg;gp itf;fg;gl;ld.

NkYk; rptg;G mwptpj;jy; ngwg;gl;L 28

ehl;fSf;Fs; epYitfisj; jPHf;fj; jtwpa

2>991 epWtdq;fSf;nfjpuhf tof;Ffs;

njhLf;fg;gl;ljd; %yk; njhopy; jpizf;fsk;

&.1>387 kpy;ypaid mwtpl;Lf; nfhz;lJ.%yk;: C.Nr.ep. jpizf;fsk;> ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fp

Mz;L

toq;fg;gl;l

rhd;wpjo;fs;

(vz;zpf;if)

C.Nr.ep

mDkjpf;fg;gl;l

fld; (&.kpy;.)

fld; toq;Fk;

epWtdq;fSf;F

nrYj;jpaJ

(&.kpy;.)

2001 16,066 2,091 381

2002 19,502 2,673 541

2003 18,689 2,792 670

2004 14,307 2,452 735

2005 14,600 2,766 900

2006 15,136 3,049 1,078

2007 12,969 2,872 1,240

2008 12,519 3,008 1,192

2009 10,383 2,680 1,552

2010 13,848 4,512 2,093

2011 20,041 6,355 1,896

2012 11,234 3,973 2,019

nkhj;jk; 192,232 40,871 14,559

tPlikg;G fld; trjpml;ltiz 9

117


3.9 C.Nr. epjpa cWg;gpdHfis kPsg;

gjpT nra;jy;

Copah; Nrk epjpa cWg;gpdh;fspd; ngah;fis

mth;fsJ Njrpa milahs ml;ilapy;

fhzg;gLfpd;wthW kPs; gjpT nra;J

nfhs;tjw;fhfTk; Njrpa milahs ml;il

,yf;fj;jpid jdpj;Jt milahs ,yf;fkhf

toq;Ftjw;fhfTk; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;LtUk;

Copah; Nrk epjpa cWg;gpdh;fspd; kPs; gjpT

Copah; Nrk epjpa jpizf;fsj;jpdhYk; njhopy;

jpizf;fsj;jpdhYk; $l;lhf Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk;

Kf;fpa nraw;wpl;lq;fspy; xd;whFk;. ,r;

nraw;wpl;lk;> cWg;gpdh; fzf;Ffisg;

NgZtjw;F ,uz;L epWtdq;fSk; nghJthd

juTj; jsj;jpidg; gad;gLj;Jtjid ,ayr;

nra;fpwJ. ,jw;fika> Copah; Nrk epjpa juTj;

jsk; njhopy;jUeh; ika juTj; jsj;jpypUe;J

cWg;gpdh; ika juTj; jsj;jpw;F khw;wg;gLk;.

nraw;gLk; Copah; Nrk epjpa cWg;gpdh;fis

(gq;fspg;Gr; nrYj;Jk; cWg;gpdh;fs;) kPs;gjpT

nra;Ak; Ntiyfs; 2012 ,Wjpapy; cs;sthW

Vwj;jho 1.2 kpy;ypad; cWg;gpdh;fspd; Njrpa

milahs ml;il njhlh;ghd jfty;fisr;

Nrh;j;jjd; %yk; epiwtile;jJ. ,jpy; 79

rjtPjkhd cWg;gpdh;fSf;F jdpj;Jtkhd

milahs ml;il ,yf;fq;fs; xg;gilf;fg;gl;l

Ntisapy; kPjp cWg;gpdh;fs; njhlh;gpy;

Nrfhpf;fg;gl;l jfty;fSf;Fk; Vw;fdNt

,Ue;j juTfSf;Fkpilapy; NtWghLfs;

mtjhdpf;fg;gl;likapd; fhuzkhf mth;fspd;

njhopy;jUeh;fsplkpUe;J rhpghh;g;Gf;fs; ngwg;gl;l

gpd;dh; nrad;Kiwg;gLj;jg;gl;L tUfpd;wd.

Njrpa milahs ml;ilapd; jfty;fspd; fPo;

mNjNeu mbg;gilapy; Gjpa Copah; Nrk epjpa

cWg;gpdh;fisg; gjpT nra;tJ 2010 entk;ghpy;

njhlq;fpaJld; 2012 ,Yk; ,J njhlh;e;J

Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;lJ. ,jd;gb> ,t;thz;Lf;

fhyg;gFjpapy; 40>000 Gjpa Copah; Nrk epjpa

cWg;gpdh;fs; gjpT nra;ag;gl;lJld; Gjpa

cWg;gpdh; gjpNtLk; G+uzg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ.

xt;nthU khjKk; Kjw;wlitahf Copah;

Nrk epjpaj;jpdhy; ngwg;gLfpd;w cWg;gpdh;

gq;fspg;Gf;fSf;Fhpa midj;J Gjpa

cWg;gpdh;fspdJk; Njrpa milahs ml;ilj;

jfty;fisg; ngWtjw;fhf khjhe;j fz;fhzpg;G

Kiwiknahd;W Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;lJ.

nraw;gLk; cWg;gpdh;fspd; Kd;ida cWg;gpdh;

fzf;Ffis jdpj;Jt milahs ml;ilAld;

,izg;gJ njhlh;ghd eltbf;if 2012,Yk;

Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;lJ. ,jd;gb> ,t;thz;Lf;

fhyg;gFjpapy; nkhj;jkhf 6>000 Kd;ida

cWg;gpdh;fspd; fzf;Ffs; jdpj;Jt milahs

ml;ilAld; ,izf;fg;gl;ld. ,t;trjpahdJ

cWg;gpdh;fs; jkJ Njrpa milahs

ml;il ,yf;fj;jpid toq;Ftjd; %ykhf

,izaj;jsk; my;yJ FWe;jfty; nra;jpA+lhf

mth;fsJ gy;NtW fzf;Ffspd; Copah; Nrk

epjpa epYitfis ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;fhd

ngWkjp $l;ly;fis toq;Ffpd;wJ.

3.10 C.Nr.epjpa gq;fspg;Gf;fSf;fhd

,-Nrfhpg;G Kiwik

iffspdhy; nra;ag;gLk; nfhLg;gdT

Kiwikf;F (rp kw;Wk; rp3 $w;Wf;fs;)

gjpyhf cWg;gpdh;fspd; gq;fspg;G tpguq;fis

,yj;jpudpay; %ykhf (,-$w;Wf;fs;) rkh;g;gpf;Fk;

tpjj;jpy; njhopy;jUeh;fSf;fhf Copah; Nrk

epjpaj; jpizf;fsk; Gjpa Kiwiknahd;wpid

mwpKfg;gLj;jpAs;sJ. KOikahf fhfpj

Ntiyfsw;w jPh;thd ,- $w;Wf;fisr; rkh;g;gpf;Fk;

Kiw Copah; Nrk epjpaj; jpizf;fsj;jpdhYk;

njhopy;jUeh;fspdhYk; jw;nghOJ

vjph;Nehf;fg;gl;l ,lh;ghLfisf; Fiwg;gjw;F

trjpaspj;jJ. 2012tiu njhopy;jUeh;fspd;

jd;dpr;irahd gq;fspg;Gld; ,k;Kiw Mh;tj;Jld;

njhlh;e;Jk; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;lJ. 2012,y;

,k;Kiwikapid rl;l hPjpahdjhf;Ftjw;fhd

rl;l Vw;ghLfs;> 2012,d; 2Mk; ,yf;f Copah;

Nrk epjpa (jpUj;jr;) rl;lj;jpy; Copah; Nrk epjpa

rl;lj;jpw;F mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;l jpUj;jq;f@lhf

mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;ld.

njhopy;jUeh;fSf;fhf mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;bUf;Fk;

Neub gw;Wf; nfhLg;gdT KiwikahdJ mth;fs;

tq;fpfspypUe;J khjhe;j gq;fspg;Gf;fis

Copah; Nrk epjpa tq;fpf; fzf;fpw;F Neubahf

khw;Wtjid ,ayr; nra;fpwJ.

2012,y; Copah; Nrk epjpa jpizf;fsk;

njhopy;jUeh;fSf;fhf ,-$w;W Kiwik

njhlh;ghf 12 tpopg;Gzh;T gpur;rhuq;fisAk;

nraykh;TfisAk; elj;jpaJ. ,jd; tpisthf

Kiwikapy; gjpT nra;ag;gl;l njhopy;jUeh;fspd;

vz;zpf;if 2011,d; 1>098 ,ypUe;J 2012,y;

1>385 ,w;F mjpfhpj;jJ.

,j;jpl;lj;jpd; fPo; th;j;jf tq;fpfis

Nrfhpf;fpd;w Kfth;fshf epakpg;gjd; %yk;

mth;fspd; gzpfisg; ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;fhd

eltbf;iffis Copah; Nrk epjpaj; jpizf;fsk;

Nkw;nfhz;lJ. ,jw;fika> nfhkh;~y; ghq;f;

xt; rpNyhd; gpvy;rpAk; ,yq;if tq;fpAk;

jkJ thbf;ifahsh;fSf;F KiwNa 2011

xj;NjhghpypUe;Jk; 2012 nrj;njk;ghpypUe;Jk;

mth;fspd; thbf;ifahsh;fSf;F gzpfis

toq;fpd. 2012 ,Wjpapy; ,t;trjpapd; fPo;

nkhj;jkhf 235 njhopy;jUeh;fs; ed;ikfis

mDgtpj;jdh;. NkYk;> rk;gj; tq;fp gpvy;rp>

kf;fs; tq;fp kw;Wk; ml;ld; erdy; tq;fp gpvy;rp

118


vd;gd mth;fspd; thbf;ifahsh;fSf;Fk; ,Nj

gzpfis toq;Ftjw;Fj; Njitahd jfty;

njhopy;El;g Kiwikfisj; njhlq;Ftjw;fhd

gzpfis Muk;gpj;Js;sd.

3.11 ,-juTj; jsnkhd;W

cUthf;fg;gLfpd;wJ (gpk;gg;gLj;Jk;

];fhdpq; nraw;wpl;lk;)

Copah; Nrk epjpak; mjd; njhopw;ghLfis

gpujpik ];fhd; nra;Ak; nraw;wpl;lk;

Clhf Vwj;jhs fhfpjkw;w #onyhd;wpw;F

khw;wpaikf;fpd;w nrad;Kiwfspy; <Lgl;Ls;sJ.

gpujpik ];fhd; nra;Ak; nraw;wpl;lk; Neuk;>

,lg;gug;G> nryT> kdpjts %yq;fs;

vd;gdtw;iwf; Fiwg;gjd; %yk; njhopw;ghl;L

tpidj;jpwid cah;j;JnkdTk; jw;nghOJ

,lk;ngw;WtUk; kw;iwa nraw;wpl;lq;fspd;

Fwpf;Nfhs;fis va;Jtjpy; cjtpahf ,Uf;Fk;

vdTk; vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLfpwJ.

nraw;wpl;lj;jpd; Kf;fpa gzpfs; tUkhW:

(i) jw;NghJs;s Mtzq;fis ];fhd; nra;jy;

(gpujhd NfhitÆ gbtk; b Æ gbtk; Mh;Mh;6Æ

Nj.m.ml;ilg; gpujp)

(ii) ];fhd; nra;ag;gl;l gpujpikfis

fsQ;rpag;gLj;jp mtw;iw kPsg; ngWtjw;fhf

xUq;fpizf;fg;gl;l Mtz Kfhikg;gLj;jy;

Kiwiknahd;wpid toq;fp> epWtp

xUq;fpizj;Jj; njhlq;Fjy;

(iii) jw;NghJs;s Copah; Nrk epjpaj; jfty;

KiwikAld; ];fhd; nra;ag;gl;l

gpujpikfisAk; Mtz Kfhikj;Jt

KiwikapidAk; ,izj;jy;

(iv) vjph;fhyj;jpy; gbtk; rpÆrp3> gbtk; b> gbtk; Mh;Mh;6 kw;Wk; Njrpa milahs ml;ilg;

gpujp vd;gdtw;iw ngWfpd;w NtisapNyNa

mtw;iw ];fhd; nra;Ak; tpjj;jpy; Njitahd

jfty; kw;Wk; njhlh;G++l;ly; njhopy;El;gtpay;

cl;fl;likg;gpid epWTjy;.

3.12 nghJkf;fs; tpopg;GzHT

2012Mk; Mz;Lg;gFjpapy; jpizf;fsk;

tiyaikg;gpÇlhd tpopg;Gzh;tpw;F

Kd;Dhpikaspj;jJ. ,e;j tpopg;Gzh;T epfo;r;rpj;

jp;l;lq;fs; Kf;fpakhf C.Nr. epjpaj;Jld; gjpT

nra;ag;gl;l ngUksT Copah;fs;Æ cWg;gpdh;fis

nfhz;l epWtdq;fspy; elj;jg;gl;ld. NkYk;>

NtWgl;l tif Mh;tyh;fs;> cWg;gpdh;fs;>

njhopy;jUeh;fs;> njhopy; re;ijapy; Eioe;Njhh;>

njhopy; jpizf;fs mYtyh;fs;> fpuhkpa tq;fp

mYtyh;fs; kw;Wk; nghJkf;fs; MfpNahh; Copah;

Nrkepjpak; njhlh;ghd tplaq;fspy; mth;fspd;

mwpthw;wiy Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;F ,t;tpopg;Gzh;T

epfo;r;rpj; jpl;lq;fs; cjtpd.

2012,y; NtWgl;l Gtpapay; gpuNjrq;fspy;

njhopy;jUeh;fSf;fhf gd;dpuz;L elkhLk;

gzpfs; elj;jg;gl;ld. ,e;elkhLk; gzpfs;

nfd;Nghy;l; Njhl;lk;> FUehfy; khefu rig>

cLEtu cjtp murhq;f mjpgh; gphpT> kUj;Jt

kw;Wk; r%f tpUe;Njhk;gy; ehsd;W nkhul;Lt>

nfhOk;G kdpjts gzp toq;FNthh; fz;fhl;rp>

FUehfy; cdpr;nry gpiwNtl; ypkpnll;> vy;gpl;ba

gpshd;Nlrd; gpvy;rp ,d; nkjnfhk;gw Njhl;lk;>

nfhOk;G> kh];rpypk;nuf;];> fl;Lehaf;f> mf;bt;

Nwbq; (gpiwNtl;) ypkpnll;> kw;Wk; ml;ldpy;

ghhpa njhopy;tha;g;G kw;Wk; th;j;jff; fz;fhl;rp

Mfpa ,lq;fspy; elj;jg;gl;ld.

,e;elkhLk; gzpfs; njhopy; jpizf;fsk;>

Ml;gjpTj; jpizf;fsk;> gjpthsh; ehafj;

jpizf;fsk; kw;Wk; nghyp]; jpizf;fsk;

Nghd;w kw;iwa njhlh;ghd mikg;Gf;fspd;

xj;Jiog;Gld; xOq;F nra;ag;gl;ld. ,jd;gb>

elkhLk; gzpfspD}lhf gpd;tUk; gzpfs;

toq;fg;gl;ld.

l cWg;gpdh;fSf;F Copah; Nrk epjpa

epYitf; $w;Wf;fis toq;Fjy;.

l cWg;gpdh;fspd; ngah; kw;Wk; Njrpa

milahs ml;il ,yf;fq;fis jpUj;Jjy;.

l cWg;gpdh;fis kPsg; gjpT nra;jy;.

l FWQ;nra;jp kw;Wk; ,izaj;js

trjpfSf;fhf cWg;gpdh; gjpTfis

Cf;Ftpj;jy;.

l cWg;gpdh;fSf;F MNyhridfis toq;Fjy;.

l Ml;gjpTj; jpizf;fs mYtyh;fspdhy;

Copah; Nrk epjpa cWg;gpdh;fs; Njrpa

milahs ml;ilapid ngWtjw;fhf

tpz;zg;gq;fis toq;Fjy;

l gjpthsh; ehafj; jpizf;fsj;jpdhy;

gpwg;Gr; rhd;wpjo;ÆtaJ Cfr; rhd;wpjo;fis

ngw;Wf; nfhs;tjw;fhf Copah; Nrk

epjpa cWg;gpdh;fSf;F tpz;zg;gq;fis

toq;Fjy;

119


Copah; Nrk epjpak;

31 jpnrk;gh; 2012 ,y; Kbtile;j Mz;bw;fhd midj;ijAKs;slf;fpa tUkhdf; $w;W

(&gh)

2012 nkhj;jk;

Fwpg;G ehzar; rignjhopy;

jpizf;fsk;2012 2011

tl;b tUkhdk; 1 90,904,169,498 - 90,904,169,498 84,673,560,227

gq;fpyhg tUkhdk; 2 1,996,329,740 - 1,996,329,740 1,963,273,422

Njwpa %yjd ,yhgk;Æ(el;lk;) 3 1,054,177,803 - 1,054,177,803 724,640,967

gjptopg;G ,yhgk; 4 27,791,502,310 - 27,791,502,310 28,726,516,148

,yhgk;Æ (el;lk;) Clhf re;ijg; ngWkjpapyhd epjpapay; rhjdq;f spypUe;jhd Njwpa ,yhgk;Æ (el;lk;)

5 (387,735,742)

- (387,735,742) (267,206,331)

KjyPl;L tUkhdk; 121,358,443,609 - 121,358,443,609 115,820,784,433

Vida tUkhdk; 6 50,575,946 4,050,764 54,626,710 222,327,067

KO nkhj;j tUkhdk; 121,409,019,555 4,050,764 121,413,070,319 116,043,111,500

nkhj;jj; njhopw;ghl;Lr; nrytpdk; 7 (537,351,390) (410,355,553) (947,706,943) (785,747,131)

tUkhd thpf;F Kd;duhd njhopw;ghl;L ,yhgk;

120,871,668,165

(406,304,789) 120,465,363,376 115,257,364,369

fopf;Ff: tUkhd thp (8,636,643,180) (8,636,643,180) (8,055,297,870)

fhyg;gFjpf;fhd njhopw;ghl;L ,yhgk; 112,235,024,985 (406,304,789) 111,828,720,197 107,202,066,499

$l;Lf: Kd;ida Mz;bypUe;jhd gpbj;Jitf;fg;gl;l midj;ijAKs;slf;fpa ,yhgk;

368,792,047 293,931,074

gfpHe;jspg;Gf;Ff; fpilf;fj;jf;fjhfTs;s midj;ijAKs;slf;fpa tUkhdk;

112,197,512,243 107,495,997,573

fopf;Ff: kPsspg;Gf;fs; njhlHgpy; nrYj;jg;gl;l tl;b - elg;ghz;L

(2,098,085,270) (2,343,039,090)

$l;LfÆ(fopf;Ff): ,yhg rkg;gLj;jy; xJf;fq;fs; ,ypUe;jhd khw;wy;fs;

5,700,000,000 (3,500,000,000)

2012 jpnrk;gH 31,y; cs;sthwhd cWg;gpdH epYitfs; kPjhd tl;b - 11.5¾ (2011 - 11.5¾)

(115,771,416,227) (101,284,166,436)

mLj;j Mz;bw;fhf Kd;nfhz;L nry;yg;gLk; epYit 28,010,746 368,792,047

ehzar; rig rhh;gpy ; cWjpg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ jahhpf;fg;gl;lJ Nf. Fzjpyf [P.gP.vk;.gP jp];]hdhaf

fz;fhzpg;ghsh; cjtp fz;fhzpg;ghsh;

Copah; Nrk epjpak; Copah; Nrk epjpak;

jpfjp : 18Æ02Æ2013

120


Copah; Nrk epjpak;

31 jpnrk;gh; 2012 ,y; Kbtile;j Mz;bw;fhd Vida midj;ijAKs;slf;fpa tUkhdf; $w;W

nkhj;jk;

Fwpg;G 2012kPsf;Fwpf;fg;gl;lJ

2011

Mz;L fhyg;gFjpf;fhd ,yhgk; 111,828,720,197 107,202,066,499

Vida midj;ijAKs;slf;fpa tUkhdk;

tpw;gidf;Ff; fpilf;f jf;fjhfTs;s epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fspd; re;ijg; ngW kjpapyhd Njwpa khw;wk;

8 (6,240,881,426) (2,367,430,983)

fhyg;gFjpf;fhd nkhj;j midj;ijAKs;slf;fpa tUkhdk;

105,587,838,770 104,834,635,516

ehzar; rig rhh;gpy;

cWjpg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ jahhpf;fg;gl;lJ

Nf. Fzjpyf [P.gP.vk;.gP jp];]hdhaf



jpfjp : 18Æ02Æ2013

(&gh)

121


Copah; Nrk epjpak;

31 jpnrk;gh; 2012 ,y; cs;sthwhd epjpapay; epiyikf; $w;W

(&gh)

Fwpg;G 2012 kPsf;Fwpf;fg;gl;lJ 2011

kPsf;Fwpf;fg;gl;lJ 2010

Mjdk;> nghwp kw;Wk; cgfuzq;fs;

(Nj.V.ng)9 584,952,243 494,764,779 214,022,022

epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fs; 10jpiwNrhp Kwpfs;

&gha; fld;fs;

980,371,915,815 874,572,559,685 768,900,946,449

jpiwNrhp cz;bay;fs;

23,100,000,000

23,100,000,000

40,921,000,000

gl;bayplg;gl;l chpik %yjdk;

31,757,671,753

-

5,936,349,430

gl;bayplg;glhj chpik %yjdk;

54,744,901,555

71,405,897,425

57,029,447,126

fk;gdpj; njhFjpf; fld;fs; 4,480,625,000

4,480,625,000

4,480,625,000

NeHkhw;W kPs;nfhs;tdT 7,981,853,041

9,237,746,504

6,285,997,690

3,106,900,000

2,802,100,000

1,357,000,000

1,105,543,867,164

985,598,928,614

884,911,365,695

eilKiwr; nrhj;Jf;fs;

,Ug;Gf;fs; 12,416,925 8,172,914 9,362,613 ngwj;jf;f tl;b 30,807,809,156 25,570,393,546 28,024,941,778

ngwj;jf;f gq;fspg;Gf;fs; 6,239,874,709 5,430,068,285 4,540,823,513 Vida eilKiwr; nrhj;Jf;fs;Æ

ngwj;jf;fitfs;

11 1,116,540,675 1,205,141,516 1,329,874,793

fhR kw;Wk; fhrpw;Fr; rkdhditfs; 12 2,377,212,886 2,025,632,477 1,310,405,686 40,553,854,350 34,239,408,738 35,215,408,383

fopf;Ff: eilKiwg; nghWg;Gf;fs ;

fld; nfhLeH 13 10,366,364 7,987,850 2,094,146,943 nrYj;j Ntz;ba nrytpdq;fs; 240,005,104 91,185,623 89,916,665 Vida eilKiwg; nghWg;Gf;fs; 14 2,023,301,642 2,529,608,902 656,770,432

(2,273,673,110) (2,628,782,375) (2,840,834,040)Njwpa eilKiwr; nrhj;Jf;fs; 38,280,181,241 31,610,626,363 32,374,574,343

nkhj;jj; Njwpa nrhj;Jf;fs; 1,144,409,000,648 1,017,704,319,756 917,499,962,060

gpujpepjpj;Jtg;gLj;jy;

cWg;gpdH epYitfs; 15

xJf;fq;fs; 16

1,124,508,128,334 986,045,793,692 869,199,254,939

gpbj;Jitf;fg;gl;l ,yhgk;

19,872,696,568 31,289,569,017 48,006,611,047 28,010,746 368,792,047 293,931,074

19,900,707,314 31,658,361,064 48,300,542,121

epjpaj;jpd; nkhj;jj; Njwpa ngWkjp 1,144,408,835,648 1,017,704,154,756 917,499,797,060

eilKiway;yhg; nghWg;Gf;fs;

gzpf;nfhilf;fhd Vw;ghL 165,000 165,000 165,000

epjpak; kw;Wk; eilKiway;yhg;

nghWg;Gf;fspd; Njwpa ngWkjp 1,144,409,000,648 1,017,704,319,756 917,499,962,060

ehzar; rig rhh;gpy; cWjpg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ jahhpf;fg;gl;lJ Nf. Fzjpyf [P.gP.vk;.gP jp];]hdhaf



jpfjp : 18Æ02Æ2013

122


Copah; Nrk epjpak;

31 jpnrk;gh; 2012 ,y; Kbtile;j Mz;bw;fhd nfhs;sy; nfhLj;jy; fzf;F

Fwpg;G

2012 kPsf;Fwpf;fg;gl;lJ 2011

ehzar; rignjhopy;

jpizf;fsk;nkhj;jk; nkhj;jk;

Mz;bd; Muk;gj;jpy; fhR epYit 2,025,632,477 47,595,217 2,073,227,694 1,472,933,961

$l;Lf: nkhj;jg; ngWiffs; 17 157,088,616,231 579,247,017 157,667,863,248 151,435,387,103

fopf;Ff: nkhj;jf; nfhLg;gdTfs; 18 156,737,045,822 581,930,495 157,318,976,317 150,835,093,370

Mz;bd; ,Wjpapy; fhR epYit 2,377,212,886 44,911,739 2,422,114,625 2,073,227,694

ehzar; rig rhh;gpy; cWjpg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ jahhpf;fg;gl;lJ

Nf. Fzjpyf [P.gP.vk;.gP jp];]hdhaf



jpfjp : 18Æ02Æ2013

123


tpguk; 2012 kPsf;Fwpf;fg;gl;lJ 2011

njhopw;ghl;L eltbf;iffspypUe;jhd fhRg;gha;r;ry; :

KjyPLfspypUe;J ngwg;gl;l tl;b 83,928,914,594 86,070,971,262

jpiwNrhp cz;bay;fs;> Kwpfs; kw;Wk; gq;Ffspd;

tpw;gidapypUe;jhd %yjd ,yhgk;

1,054,177,803 724,640,967

gq;FfspypUe;jhd gq;fpyhgk; 1,881,100,206 1,851,639,102

jz;lg;gzk; 50,736,975 113,160,172

Vida tUkhdk; 5,978,873 144,367,937

fld; ngw;NwhhplkpUe;J kPsg;ngw;wit - (2,429)

nrytpdq;fSf;fhd kPsspg;G - (27,241,554)

Kw;gzk; (1,702,500) 25,136,334

eilKiwr; nrytpdq;fs; (645,754,880) (623,094,532)

toq;Fdh;fSf;fhd nfhLg;gdTfs; (2,092,881,197) (1,973,696,812)

njhopw;ghLfspypUe;J cUthf;fg;gl;l fhR 84,180,569,874 86,305,880,447

nrYj;jg;gl;l thp (18,918,362,215) (13,571,791,103)

njhopw;ghl;L eltbf;iffspypUe;jhd Njwpa fhR 65,262,207,659 72,734,089,343

KjyPl;L eltbf;iffspypUe;jhd fhRg; gha;r;ry;:

KjyPLfs; (487,822,962,364) (467,249,516,811)

KjyPLfspd; Kjph;r;rp 401,678,999,670 380,942,026,911

KjyPLfspypUe;J cUthf;fg;gl;l fhR (86,143,962,694) (86,307,489,900)

epiyahd nrhj;Jf;fspd; nfhs;tdT (191,775,238) (224,968,474)

KjyPl;L eltbf;iffspy; gad;gLj;jg;gl;l Njwpa fhR (86,335,737,932) (86,532,458,374)

epjpapay; eltbf;iffspypUe;jhd fhRg;gha;r;ry;:

gq;fspg;Gfs; 70,170,727,965 61,878,995,006

nghJ itg;Gf;fs; 10,882,301 (7,001,939)

kPsspg;Gf;fs; (48,711,597,845) (47,310,802,028)

epjpapay; eltbf;iffspypUe;jhd Njwpa fhR 21,470,012,421 14,561,191,039

fhR kw;Wk; fhRf;F rkkhdtw;wpyhd Njwpa (FiwT)Æmjpfhpg;G 396,482,148 762,822,008

Mz;bd; njhlf;fj;jpy; fhRk; fhRf;F rkkhditAk; 2,025,632,477 1,310,405,686 Mz;bd; ,Wjpapy; fhRk; fhRf;F rkkhditAk; - rPuhf;fypd;

Kd;

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rPuhf;fk;: njhopy; jpizf;fsj;jpd; Mz;bWjp fhRk; fhRf;F

rkkhditAk; (44,911,739) 2,073,227,694

(47,595,217)

Mz;bd; ,Wjpapy; fhRk; fhRf;Fr; rkkhditAk; 2,377,212,886 2,025,632,477

Copah; Nrk epjpak;

31 jpnrk;gh; 2012 ,y; Kbtile;j Mz;bw;fhd fhRg; gha;r;ry; $w;W (&gh.)

ehzar; rig rhh;gpy;

cWjpg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ jahhpf;fg;gl;lJ

.......................................... ...............................................

Nf. Fzjpyf [P.gP.vk;.gP jp];]hehaf;f



jpfjp : 18Æ02Æ2013

124


(&gh.)

Copah; Nrk epjpak;

31 jpnrk;gh; 2012 ,y; cs;sthwhd

KjyPLfspd; $w;W

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jpfjp : 18Æ02Æ2013

125


Copah; Nrk epjpak;

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ar; rig rhh;gpy;

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126


Copah; Nrk epjpak;fzf;fPl;Lf; nfhs;if

mwpf;ifapLfpd;w epWtdk; kw;Wk; rl;l hPjpahd mbg;gil

1958Mk; Mz;bd; 15Mk; ,yf;f C.Nr. epjpar; rl;lj;jpd; fPo; epWtg;gl;l CopaH

Nrk epjpak; (C.Nr. epjpak; my;yJ epjpak;) vd;gJ ,yq;ifapYs;s fk;gdp kw;Wk;

tHj;jfj; JiwapYs;s CopaHfSf;fhd fl;lha tiutpyf;fzk; nra;ag;gl;l gq;fspg;G

Xa;T+jpaj; jpl;lnkhd;whFk;. epjpaj;jpd; nghJthd epUthfk; njhopy; Mizahshplk;

xg;gilf;fg;gl;Ls;s Ntisapy; epjpaj;jpd; fl;Lf;fhg;ghsH vd;w hPjpapy; kj;jpa tq;fpapd;

ehzar; rigaplk; mjd; nghWg;ghz;ik xg;gilf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ.

1958Mk; Mz;bd; 15Mk; ,yf;f C.Nr. epjpar; rl;lj;jpd; 5(1)(vr;) kw;Wk; (I) vd;gdtw;wpd;

epajpfspy; ehzar; rig epjpak; njhlHghd nghJthd fzf;Ffisg; NgZkhWk;

gpd;tUk; epjpapay; $w;Wf;fis tUlhe;jk; jahhpf;FkhWk; Njitg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ.

m. tUkhdk; kw;Wk; nryTf; $w;W

M. nrhj;Jf;fs; kw;Wk; nghWg;Gf;fspd; $w;W

,. ngWiffs; kw;Wk; nfhLg;gdTfspd; $w;WÉ mj;Jld;

<. xt;nthU tif KjyPLfspdJk; Kfg;Gg; ngWkjp> nfhs;tdT tpiy kw;Wk;

re;ijg; ngWkjpfisf; fhl;Lfpd;w KjyPLfspd; $w;W

fzf;fPl;Lf; nfhs;iffs;

2.1 jahhpg;gpd; mbg;gil

,yhgk; kw;Wk; ,og;G kw;Wk; tpw;gidf;Ff; fpilf;fj;jf;fit vd;gdtw;wpD}lhd re;ijg;

ngWkjpapy; Fwpj;Jiuf;fg;gl;l epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fs; ePq;fyhf> epjpapay; $w;Wf;fs; tuyhw;W

hPjpapyhd nryTfspd; mbg;gilapNyNa jahhpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. NtW tpjj;jpy; Fwpg;gplg;gl;lit

ePq;fyhf epjpaj;jpd; epjpapay; $w;Wf;fs; ,yq;if &ghtpNyNa fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sd.

2.2 ,zq;Ftpg;Gf; $w;Wf;fs;

Nkw;Fwpg;gplg;gl;Ls;s epjpapay; $w;Wf;fs; cs;slf;fg;gl;Ls;s epjpaj;jpd; epjpapay; $w;Wf;fs;

nghJthf Vw;Wf;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;s fzf;fPl;Lj; jj;Jtq;fs; kw;Wk; ,yq;if gl;laf; fzf;fhsH

epWtfj;jpdhy; cUthf;fg;gl;Ls;s Gjpa ,yq;if fzf;fPl;L epakq;fSf;F ,zq;fTk;

jahhpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,e;j ,yq;if epjpapay; mwpf;ifaply; epakk;Æ ,yq;if fzf;fPl;L epakk;

vd;gd nghUz;kpa hPjpapy; gd;dhl;L fzf;fPl;L epakq;fs; rigapdhy; tpLf;fg;gl;lthwhd gd;dhl;L

mwpf;ifaply; epakq;fSld; xj;jitfshff; fhzg;gLfpd;wd.

2.3 fzf;fPl;Lf; nfhs;iffspy; khw;wq;fs;

2012 rdthp 1Mk; jpfjpapypUe;J ,yq;if epjpapay; mwpf;ifaply; epakk; kw;Wk; ,yq;if fzf;fPl;L

epakk; vd;gd eilKiwf;F te;jikapd; fhuzkhf> Fwpg;gpl;l fzf;fPl;Lf; nfhs;iffs;> Kiwfs;

kw;Wk; rkHg;gpg;Gf;fs; khw;wkile;Js;sd my;yJ Nkk;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJld; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f khw;wq;fs;

fPNo tpghpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. ,k;khw;wq;fs; jtpHe;j> gpd;gw;wg;gl;l fzf;fPl;Lf; nfhs;iffs; Kd;ida

Mz;Lfspy; gpd;gw;wg;gl;litAld; xj;Jr;nry;tdthff; fhzg;gl;ld.

127


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vLNfhs;fisAk; Njitg;gLj;JfpwJ. fpilf;fj;jf;f jfty;fspd; gad;ghLk; fUj;Jf;fspd;

gpuNahfq;fSk; kjpg;gPLfspd; cUthf;fj;jpy; ,ay;ghfNt ,ize;J fhzg;gLfpd;wikahy;

vjpHfhyj;jpy; cz;ikahd ngWNgWfs; epjpapay; jfty;fs; jahhpf;fg;gLfpd;w kjpg;gPLfspypUe;Jk;

NtWglf;$Lk;. fUj;Jf;fs; mj;jpahtrpakhf gpuNahfpf;fg;gLfpd;w Fwpg;gplj;jf;f fzf;fPl;Lf;

nfhs;iffs; epjpapay; rhjdq;fspd; kjpg;gPL> nrhj;Jf;fspd; ngWkjp ,og;G> Mjdq;fs;> nghwpfs;

kw;Wk; rhjdq;fspd; Nja;khdk;> gpw;Nghlg;gl;l thpr; nrhj;Jf;fs; kw;Wk; nghWg;Gf;fSf;fhd

Vw;ghLfs; vd;gdtw;Wld; njhlHghditfshff; fhzg;gl;ld.

2.5 njhlHe;J nry;Yk; fhpridfs;

fpl;ba vjpHfhyj;jpw;fhd tpahghuj;jpidj; njhlHtjw;fhd %ytsq;fis epjpak; nfhz;bUg;gjdhy;

mJ njhlHe;J nry;Yk; fhpridnahd;whfj; njhlHtjw;Fhpa ,ayhw;wiyapl;L epjpak; jpUg;jpg;gl;Lf;

nfhs;fpwJ. MfNt> epjpapay; $w;Wf;fs; njhlHe;J nry;Yk; fhpridfspd; mbg;gilapy;

jahpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

2.6 Ie;njhifj; jpfjpf;Fg; gpd;dH epfo;e;j rk;gtq;fSk; vjpHghuhj nghWg;Gf;fSk;

epjpapay; $w;Wf;fisj; jahhpf;Fk; nghOJ Ie;njhifj; jpfjpf;Fg; gpd;dH epfo;e;j midj;Jg;

nghUz;ik tha;e;j rk;gtq;fSk; fUj;jpw; nfhs;sg;gl;bUf;fpd;wd. mwpate;j midj;Jg;

nghWg;Gf;fSf;Fk; Vw;ghLfs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sd.

3. Kf;fpakhd fzf;fPl;Lf; nfhs;iffspd; RUf;fk;

3.1 epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fSk; mtw;wpd; kjpg;gPl;Lf;fhd mbg;gilAk;

3.1.1 epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fis mq;fPfhpj;jYk; mstpLjYk;

epjpapay; rhjdnkhd;wpd; xg;ge;j hPjpahd Vw;ghl;bd; xU jug;ghf epjpak; khWfpd;w

Ntisapy; khj;jpuNk epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fs; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fs;

Kf;fpakhf KjpHr;rpailAk; tiu itj;jpUf;fg;gLk; KjyPLfs;> ,yhgk; kw;Wk; ,og;gpD}

lhd re;ijg; ngWkjpapyhd gpizaq;fs;> fld;fs; kw;Wk; ngwj;jf;fitfs; kw;Wk;

tpw;gidf;Ff; fpilf;fj;jf;f KjyPLfs; vd;gdtw;iw cs;slf;Ffpd;wd. midj;J

epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fSk; Muk;gj;jpy; nrytpy; mq;fpfhpf;fg;gl;L> Fwpg;gpl;l ghprPyidapy;

nfhs;sg;gl;l re;ijg; ngWkjpiaAilajhf> mj;Jld;> ,yhgk; my;yJ ,og;gpD}lhd

re;ijg; ngWkjpapy; epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fs; ,y;yhj re;jHg;gj;jpy; nfhLf;fy;thq;fy;fSld;

,ize;j ifNaw;G cl;gl nfhLf;fy;thq;fy; nryTfSld; Neubahfr; NrHf;fg;gl;ljhf

,Uf;fpd;wd.

epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fspd; gFg;gha;TfSk; mjidj; njhlHe;J Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l

mstPLfspd; mbg;gilAk; gpd;tUkhW:

m. KjpHr;rp tiu itj;jpUf;fg;gLk; KjyPLfs;

epiyahd my;yJ epHzapf;fg;glj;jf;f nfhLg;gdTfSld; $ba

epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fs; kw;Wk; C.Nr. epjpak; vjpHghHf;Fk; epiyahd

KjpHr;rpAk;> KjpHr;rp tiu itj;jpUf;ff; $baitAk; KjpHr;rp tiu

itj;jpUf;fg;gLk; KjyPl;bd; fPo; tifg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd. KjpHr;rp

128


tiu itj;jpUf;fg;gLk; KjyPLfs; gpd;dH VNjDk; ngWkjp ,og;Gf;fs;

,Ug;gpd; mjidf; fopj;J gaDW tl;b tPj Kiwapidg; gad;gLj;jp

Nja;khdr; nrytpy; mstplg;gLfpd;wd. KjpHr;rp tiu itj;jpUf;fg;gLk;

KjyPLfisf; nfhs;tdT nra;tjd; kPJ Vw;gLfpd;w fl;lzq;fs;

kw;Wk; foptply;fs; mtw;wpd; gaDW tl;b tPjq;fspd; fzpg;gpy;

cs;slf;fg;gLfpd;wd. KjpHr;rp tiu itj;jpUf;fg;gLk; KjyPLfs;

ePf;fg;gLk; NghJ my;yJ ngWkjp ,of;Fk; NghJ ,yhgq;fSk;

,og;Gf;fSk; tUkhdf; $w;wpy; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

M. ,yhgk; my;yJ ,og;G Clhd re;ijg; ngWkjpapy; gpizaq;fs;

tHj;jfg;gLj;jYf;fhf itj;jpUf;fg;gLgit vd tifg;gLj;jg;gl;l

epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fs; ,yhgq;fs; my;yJ ,og;Gf;f@lhd re;ijg;

ngWkjpapy; gpizaq;fspd; tiff;Fs;Sk; ,yhgk; my;yJ ,og;G+lhd

re;ijg; ngWkjpapy; gpizaq;fs; vd Muk;gj;jpy; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;l

Fwpj;Jiuf;fg;gl;l epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fSf;Fs;Sk; cs;slf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

,tw;wpw;Fhpa nfhLf;fy;thq;fy; nryTfs; tUkhdf; $w;Wf;fspy;

mq;fPfhpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

,yhgk; my;yJ ,og;G+lhd re;ijg; ngWkjpapy; gpizaq;fs; gpd;dH>

re;ijg; ngWkjpfspdhy; vLj;Jf;fhl;lg;gl;lthW re;ijg; ngWkjpapy;

kjpg;gplg;gl;ld. re;ijg; ngWkjpapd; khw;wq;fs; gpizaq;fspd;

ngWkjpapy; Vw;gl;l mjpfhpg;ghf my;yJ tPo;r;rpahf mq;fPfhpf;fg;gLfpd;w

Ntisapy; Njhd;Wfpd;w Njwpa ,yhgq;fs; kw;Wk; ,og;Gf;fs; tUkhdf;

$w;wpy; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

,. fld;fs; kw;Wk; ngwj;jf;fitfs;

jPtpukhd re;ij eltbf;iffspy; tpiyf;Fwpg;gPL nra;ag;glhj

C.Nr. epjpaj;jpdhy; ngwj;jf;f epiyahd my;yJ epHzapf;fj;jf;f

nfhLg;gdTfis; fld;fs; kw;Wk; ngwj;jf;fitfspd; fPo;

tifg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd. mjd; gpd;dH fld;fs; kw;Wk; ngwj;jf;fitfs;

VNjDk; ngWkjpapoj;jy; ,og;Gf;fisf; fopj;J gaDW tl;b tPj

khjphpapidg; gad;gLj;jp Nja;khdr; nrytpy; mstplg;gLfpd;wJ.

fld;fs; kw;Wk; ngwj;jf;fitfs; ePf;fg;gLk; NghJ my;yJ ngWkjp

,of;Fk; nghOJ ,yhgq;fSk; ,og;Gf;fSk; tUkhdf; $w;wpy;


<. tpw;gidf;Ff; fpilf;fj;jf;fit

,yhgk; my;yJ ,og;Gf;fspD}lhf re;ijg; ngWkjpapYs;s

gpizaq;fshf tifg;gLj;jg;glhj gq;Fhpikr; rhjdq;fs; kw;Wk;

NkNyAs;s %d;W tiffspd; fPOk; tifg;gLj;jg;glhj gLfld;

rhjdq;fSk; Muk;g ifNaw;gpy; tpw;gidf;Ff; fpilf;fj;jf;f

KjyPLfs; vd Fwpj;Jiuf;fg;gl;l gpizaq;fSk; tpw;gidf;Ff;

fpilf;fj;jf;fitfshf tifg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sd.

129


tpw;gidf;Ff; fpilf;fj;jf;f nrhj;Jf;fs; epjpapay; epiyikf;

$w;wpYs;s re;ijg; ngWkjpapy; njhlHe;Jk; kjpg;gplg;gLfpd;wd.

tpw;gidf;Ff; fpilf;fj;jf;f nrhj;Jf;fs; tpw;fg;gLk; tiu my;yJ

ngWkjp ,of;Fk; tiu tpw;gidf;Ff; fpilf;fj;jf;f nrhj;Jf;fs;

kPjhd re;ijg; ngWkjp khw;wq;fs; Vida midj;ijAKs;slf;fpa

tUkhdj;jpy; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gLtJld; kPs;kjpg;gPl;L xJf;Ff@lhf

cWg;gpdH nry;tj;jpd; fPo; xd;WNrHf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

tpw;gidf;Ff; fpilf;fj;jf;fitahd epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fs;

ngWkjpapof;Fkplj;J> epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fs; nfhz;bUf;Fk; nrytpw;Fk;

eilKiwr; re;ijg; ngWkjpf;Fkpilapyhd NtWghL tUkhdf;

$w;wpy; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. gaDW tl;b tPj Kiwapidg;

gad;gLj;jp tpw;gidf;Ff; fpilf;fj;jf;f gLfld; gpizaq;fs; kPJ

tl;b tUkhdk; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. nfhLg;gdTfis ngWtjw;fhd

chpik epiyehl;lg;gLk; Ntisapy; gq;fpyhgq;fs; tUkhdf; $w;wpy;


3.1.2 epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fspd; ngWkjpapog;G

xt;nthU Ie;njhifj; jpfjpapYk;> epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fspd; ngWkjpapy; Fwpg;gplj;jf;f

ngWkjp ,og;Gf;fs; VNjDk; Vw;gl;Ls;sdth vd;gjidf; fz;lwptjw;fhf kjpg;gPLfs;

Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sd. ngWkjpapog;Gf;fspd; %yk; ,og;Gf;fs; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gLkplj;J>

epjpapay; nrhj;jpd; (,og;G epfo;T) Muk;g mq;fPfhpg;gpd; gpd;dH Vw;gl;l xd;W my;yJ

mjw;Fk; $Ljyhd epfo;Tfspd; tpisthf ngWkjp ,og;Gf;fSf;fhd rhd;Wfs;

fhzg;gLfpd;wJld; mt;tpog;G epfo;T (my;yJ epfo;Tfs;) ek;gfukhd Kiwapy;

kjpg;gplj;jf;f epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fspd; kjpg;gplg;gl;l vjpHfhyf; fhRg;gha;r;rypd; kPJ

jhf;fnkhd;wpidf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;wJ.

gpizaq;fspd; ngWkjp ,og;Gf;fs; gw;wpa Fwpg;gplj;jf;f rhd;Wfs;> toq;Fehpd;

Fwpg;gplj;jf;f epjpapay; ,lHg;ghLfs; Nghd;w toq;FeH gw;wpa Fwpj;Jiuf;fg;gl;l

jfty;fs;> Kwptiljy;> tq;fp KwpT my;yJ Vida epjpapay; ,lHg;ghLfs; Nghd;w

xg;ge;jq;fis kPWjy; Nghd;wtw;iw kl;Lky;yhJ gpizaq;fspd; nryTfis kPsg;ngw

KbahJ vd;gjw;F rhd;Wfis toq;Ffpd;w re;ij epiyikfspy; Vw;gLfpd;w Fwpg;gplj;jf;f

khw;wq;fs; gw;wpa jfty;fisAk; cs;slf;fyhk;. nrhj;Jf;fspd; re;ijg; ngWkjp mjd;

nrytpw;Fk; Fiwthf Fwpg;gplj;jf;fstpy; my;yJ ePz;l fhyj;jpw;F tPo;r;rpailtJ

ngWkjp ,og;gpw;fhd Fwpg;gplj;jf;f rhd;whf tpsq;Ffpd;wJ. ,J Fwpg;gplj;jf;fnjhd;wh

vd;gjid kjpg;gpLifapy;> re;ijg; ngWkjpapy; Vw;gLk; tPo;r;rp> Muk;g mq;fPfhpg;gpy;

nrhj;Jf;fspd; Muk;g nrytpw;nfjpuhf kjpg;gplg;gLfpwJ. ,J ePz;l fhykhf ,Uf;fpd;wjh

vd;gjid kjpg;gpLifapy;> tPo;r;rp> nrhj;jpd; re;ijg; ngWkjp Muk;g mq;fPfhpg;gpd; Nghjhd

mjd; Muk;gr; nrytpw;Fk; fPohf tPo;r;rpaile;j fhyg;gFjpf;nfjpuhf kjpg;gplg;gLfpwJ.

3.1.3 epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fs; ePf;fg;gLjy;

nrhj;Jf;fspypUe;jhd fhRg; gha;r;ry;fisg; ngWtjw;fhd xg;ge;j hPjpahd chpik

fyhtjpahfpapUf;Fk; nghOJ my;yJ epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fspd; fhRg; gha;r;riyg;

130


ngWtjw;fhf epjpak; mjd; xg;ge;j hPjpahd chpikapid khw;wk; nra;Ak; nghOJ

epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fs; ePf;fg;gLfpd;wd. mj;Jld; xd;wpy;

- nrhj;Jlikapd; fzprkhd midj;J ,lHNeHTfSk; ntFkjpfSk; khw;wy;

nra;ag;gLfpd;wdÉ my;yJ

- nrhj;Jlikapd; my;yJ fzprkhd midj;J ,lHNeHTfSk; ntFkjpfSk; epjpaj;jpdhy;

gpbj;Jitf;fg;glNth my;yJ khw;wy; nra;ag;glNth ,y;iynadpDk; fl;Lg;ghLfs;

gpbj;Jitf;fg;gl;bUf;ftpy;iy.

3.2 Vida nrhj;Jf;fs;

3.2.1 Mjdq;fs;> nghwpfs; kw;Wk; rhjdq;fs;

Mjdq;fs;> nghwpfs; kw;Wk; rhjdq;fs; nrytpypUe;J xd;WNrHe;j Nja;khdk; kw;Wk;

xd;WNrHe;j ngWkjp ,og;igf; fopj;j ngWkjpapy; Fwpg;gplg;gLfpd;wd. nrhj;Jf;fspd;

kjpg;gplg;gl;l gad;ghl;L MAs; fhyg;gFjpapy; mj;jifa nrhj;Jf;fspd; nrytpidg;

gjptopf;Fk; nghUl;L gpd;tUk; tPjq;fspy; NeHNfhl;L Kiwapy; Nja;khdq;fs;

tpjpf;fg;gl;ld.

nrhj;J tFg;G Nja;khd tPjk;

fl;llk; 02¾

nghwpfs; kw;Wk; nghwpj; njhFjpfs; 25¾

mYtyf cgfuzq;fs; 25¾

jsghlk; kw;Wk; nghUj;Jf;fs; 10¾

ce;J CHjpfs; 20¾

fzdp cgfuzq;fs; 50¾

elg;Gg; ngWkjp kPsg;ngw KbahJ Nghff;$Lk; vd;gjid rk;gtq;fs; my;yJ #o;epiyapy;

Vw;gLk; khw;wq;fs; fhl;Lk; nghOJ Mjdq;fs;> nghwpfs; kw;Wk; rhjdq;fspd; elg;Gg;

ngWkjp> ngWkjp ,og;Gf;fhf kPsha;G nra;ag;gLfpd;wd.

Mjdq;fs;> nghwpfs; kw;Wk; rhjdq;fspd; tplankhd;W mfw;wg;gLifapy; my;yJ

,jd; gad;ghl;bypUe;J my;yJ mfw;wypypUe;J vjpHfhyg; nghUshjhu ed;ikfs;

vjpHghHf;fg;glhj NghJ ePf;fg;gLfpd;wd. ePf;fg;gLk; NghJ Njhd;Wfpd;w VNjDk;

,yhgk; my;yJ ,og;G nrhj;Jf;fs; ePf;fg;gLfpd;w Mz;bw;fhd tUkhdf; $w;wpy;

cs;slf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

3.2.2 mUtr; nrhj;Jf;fs;

fzdp td;nghUspy; xUq;fpizf;fg;glhj fzdp nkd;nghUl;fs; mUtr; nrhj;Jf;fshff;

fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJld; nrytpy; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. Muk;g mq;fPfhpg;gpidj; njhlHe;J

2 tUl fhyg; gaDs;s MAs; fhy mbg;gilapy; nrytpypUe;J xd;WNrHe;j

ngWkjpapog;igf; fopj;j ngWkjpapy; Kd;ndLj;Jr; nry;yg;gLfpwJ.

131


3.2.3 ,Ug;Gf;fs;

,Ug;Gf;fs; epiwNaw;wg;gl;l ruhrhpr; nrytpy; nfhz;L nry;yg;gLfpd;wd. nkJthd

efHtpidf; nfhz;l ,Ug;Gf;fSf;fhf Vw;ghLfs; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;ld.

3.2.4 ngwf;$bait

Gyg;glj;jf;f rhd;Wfspd; mbg;gilapy;> ngwf;$bait Iaf; fld;ghLfSf;fhd

Vw;ghl;bidr; nra;j gpd;dH vjpHghHf;fg;gLk; ngwg;glj;jf;f ngWkjpapy; Kd;nfhz;L

nry;yg;gLfpwJ.

3.2.5 epjpay;yhr; nrhj;Jf;fspd; ngWkjpapog;G

#o;epiyfspy; Vw;gLk; epfo;Tfs; my;yJ khw;wq;fs;> epjpay;yhr; nrhj;Jf;fs;

ngWkjpapid ,of;ff;$Lk; vd;gjw;fhd mwpFwpnahd;wpid vLj;Jf;fhl;Lkhapd;

xt;nthU epjpapay; fhy KbtpYk; epjpak; kjpg;gPL nra;fpwJ. mj;jifa mwpFwpfs;

fhzg;gLkhapd; nrhj;Jf;fspd; kPsg;ngwf;$ba njhifapd; kjpg;gPnlhd;wpid epjpak;

Nkw;nfhs;Sk;. nrhj;njhd;wpd; nfhz;L nry;yf;$ba njhif mjd; kPsg;ngwf;$ba

njhifapid tpQ;Rkhapd; mr;nrhj;jhdJ ngWkjp ,oe;jjhff; fUjg;gl;L mJ kPsg;

ngwj;jf;f njhiff;F Fiwj;J vOjg;gLk;.

3.3 nghWg;Gf;fs;

3.3.1 Nfhug;glhj ed;ikfs;

C.Nr. epjpa ed;ikfs; mjd; cWg;gpdHfSf;Nfh my;yJ mjd; ed;ikngWeHfSf;Nfh

chpa Kiwapy; kPsspf;fg;gLfpd;wd. vdpDk;> khwhf gy;NtW fhuzq;fspdhy;

jpUg;gpaDg;gg;gl;L Xuhz;bw;Fk; Nkyhf gpbj;Jitf;fg;gl;l ed;ikfs; fzf;fpy;

gpbj;Jitf;fg;gl;Ls;s njhiffs; mit kPsf;Nfhug;gLk; tiu Nfhug;glhj ed;ikfs;

fzf;fpy; tuT itf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

3.3.2 gpbj;Jitf;fg;gl;l ed;ikfs;

njhopy; Mizahshpd; mwpTWj;jypd; mbg;gilapy; gpbj;Jitf;fg;gl;l CopaH Nrk epjpa

ed;ikfs; mtw;iw tpLtpf;FkhW NfhUk; mwptpj;jy; ngwg;gLk; tiu gpbj;Jitf;fg;gl;l

ed;ikfshff; fhl;lg;gLfpd;wd. mj;jifa tuTfs; ,f;fzf;fpYs;s xU fzf;fPl;L

fhyg;gFjpf;Fk; Nkyhf gpbj;Jitf;fg;gl;bUg;gjpy;iy.

3.3.3 Fiwe;j kw;Wk; $Ljyhd nfhLg;gdTfs; (kPsspg;Gf;fs;)

Fiwe;j kw;Wk; $Ljyhd nfhLg;gdTfs; (kPsspg;Gf;fs;) fzf;fpy; fhzg;gLfpd;w

kPjpfs; gFjpf; nfhLg;gdthf Nkw;nfhs;sg;glTs;s ed;ikfspd; nfhLg;gdtpidg;

gpujpgypf;fpd;wd.

3.3.4 Vw;ghLfs;

fle;j fhy epfo;nthd;wpd; ngWNgwhf epjpak; jw;nghOJ flg;ghnlhd;wpid (rl;l

hPjpahf my;yJ mikg;G hPjpahf) nfhz;bUe;J mf;flg;ghl;ilj; jPHg;gjw;fhd

nghUshjhu ed;ikfis cs;slf;fpapUf;Fk; tsq;fspd; ntspg;gha;r;ry; ngUk;ghYk;

Njitg;gLj;JtJld; flg;ghl;Lj; njhifapid ek;gfkhd kjpg;gPnlhd;wpd; %yk;

Nkw;nfhs;s KbAkhAs;s NghJ Vw;ghLfs; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

132


3.3.5 nghWg;Gf;fis ePf;Fjy;

epjpapay; nghWg;Gf;fs; jzpf;fg;gLk; nghOJ mjhtJ flg;ghLfs; epiwNtw;wg;gLk;

nghOJ> ,uj;Jr; nra;ag;gLk; nghOJ my;yJ fyhtjpahFk; nghOJ mit ePf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

3.4 tUkhdKk; nryTfSk;

tUkhdk; vd;gJ nghUshjhu ed;ikfs; epjpaj;jpw;F ghaf;$ba rhj;jpag;ghLfSs;s>

tUkhdj;jpid ek;gfkhf mstplf;$ba mstpw;F mq;fPfhpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. Vw;gl;l nryT

kw;Wk; tUkhdj;jpd; Fwpj;Jiuf;fg;gl;l tplaj;jpd; tUtha; vd;gdtw;wpw;fpilapyhd Neubj;

njhlHGfspd; mbg;gilapy; nrytpdq;fs; tUkhdf; $w;Wf;fspy; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fpapd; C.Nr. epjpaj; jpizf;fsj;jpdhYk; njhopy; jpizf;fsj;jpd;

C.Nr. epjpa gphptpdhYk; epjpaj;jpid Kfhikg;gLj;JtJ njhlHgpy; Vw;gLk; midj;Jr;

nrytpdq;fSk; epjpaj;jpd; nrytpdq;fshff; fUjg;gl;L mjd; kPJ tpjpf;fg;gLk;.

tUkhdq;fSk; nrytpdq;fSk; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gLtjw;F Kd;djhf gpd;tUk;

Fwpj;Jiuf;fg;gl;l mq;fPfhpg;Gg; gpukhzq;fs; ghprPyidapy; nfhs;sg;gLk;.

3.4.1 tl;b tUkhdk;

ngWkjp ,og;gpidf; fopj;j cz;ikahdf; nfhs;tdT tpiyfspd; mbg;gilapy; gaDW

tpisT Kiwapidg; gad;gLj;jp ml;LW mbg;gilapy; midj;J tl;b ciof;Fk;

rhjdq;fSf;Fkhd tl;b tUkhdk; tUkhdf; $w;Wf;fspy; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. tl;b

tUkhdk;> eWf;F tUkhdk; kw;Wk; rhjdq;fspd; foptply; jPHg;gdT my;yJ kpif kjpg;G

kPJ Vw;gLk; VNjDk; ,yhgk; my;yJ ,og;G vd;gdtw;iw cs;slf;fpAs;sJ.

3.4.2 gq;fpyhgq;fs;

epjpak; nfhLg;gdtpidg; ngWtjw;fhd chpik epiyepWj;jg;gLfpd;w Ntisapy; gq;fpyhg

tUkhdk; mq;fPfhpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ.

3.4.3 Mszpr; nryTfs;

Mszpr; nryTfs;> ,yq;if kj;jpa tq;fpapd; C.Nr. epjpaj; jpizf;fsk; kw;Wk;

njhopy; jpizf;fsj;jpd; C.Nr. epjpag; gphpT Mfpa ,uz;bdhYk; cwg;gl;l midj;J

mYtyHfSlDk; njhlHghd nryTfis cs;slf;FfpwJ. ,e;epjpakhdJ jdpahd

Xa;T+jpa epjpaj;jpidNah my;yJ njhopYf;Fg; gpd;duhd ed;ikfs; jpl;lj;jpidNah

Ngztpy;iy.

3.4.4 tUkhd thp

tUkhd thpahdJ> KjyPl;L tUkhdj;jpd; kPJ nrYj;jj;jf;f thpapd; mstpw;F

fzpf;fg;gLfpwJ. epjpaj;jpd; tUkhd thpg; nghWg;ghdJ tl;b> gq;fpyhgk; kw;Wk; Njwpa

Nkyjpf tpjpg;G Mfpa tbtq;fspy; ciof;fg;gl;l nkhj;j tUkhdj;jpy; 10 rjtPjkhFk;.

cz;zhl;lurpiwr; rl;lj;jpd;gb> jpiwNrhp cz;bay;fs;> jpiwNrhp Kwpfs; kw;Wk;

gq;Ffs; thpapypUe;Jk; tpyf;fspf;fg;gl;Ls;sikapdhy; mtw;wpd; kPJ ciof;fg;gl;l

%yjd ,yhgq;fs; kPJ nghWg;Gf;fs; vJTkpy;iy.

133


C.Nr. epjpak; jpiwNrhp Kwpfs; kw;Wk; cz;bay; nrhj;Jg;gl;baypid thpf;Fg; gpd;ida

epiwNaw;wg;gl;l ruhrhp nrytpy; kjpg;gpLk; tpjj;jpYk; mjd; gpd;dH Nja;khdk; nra;Ak;

tpjj;jpYk; mjd; fzf;fPl;Lf; nfhs;ifapid khw;wptpl;likapd; fhuzkhf (2006.06.01

,ypUe;J eilKiwf;FtUk; tpjj;jpy;)> Nja;khd ,yhgk; thpiaf; fopj;J gjpT

nra;ag;gl;lJ.

,jd;gb> Mz;bw;fhd jpiwNrhp Kwp kw;Wk; cz;bay;fs; kPJ ciof;fg;gl;l tUkhdj;jpw;F

Vw;Gilj;jhd gpbj;Jitj;jy; thpapd; tpfpjkhdJ Nja;khd ,yhgk; kw;Wk; tUkhd thp

nryT vd;gd gw;wpa epahakhd ghHitnahd;wpid toq;Fk; tpjj;jpy; Nja;khd ,yhgf;

fzf;fpw;F kPz;Lk; NrHf;fg;gl;lJ.

3.5 Vida midj;ijAKs;slf;fpa tUkhdf; $w;wpd; $w;W

C.Nr. epjpak; midj;ijAKs;slf;fpa tUkhdk; kw;Wk; Vida midj;ijAKs;slf;fpa

tUkhdk; vd;gdtw;iwf; fhl;Lk; tpjj;jpy; ,uz;L jdpj;jdpahd $w;Wf;fisg; gad;gLj;jp

mjd; tUkhdf; $w;wpidj; jahhpj;Js;sJ.

3.6 fhRg; gha;r;ry; $w;W

fhRg; gha;r;ry; $w;whdJ> ,yq;if fzf;fPl;L epakk; 07 - fhRg; gha;r;ry; $w;wpw;fpzq;f

fhRg; gha;r;riyj; jahhpf;Fk; 'Neub Kiw" ,idg; gad;gLj;jp jahhpf;fg;gl;bUf;fpwJ.

fhR kw;Wk; fhrpw;Fr; rkdhditfs; FWq;fhyk;> caHe;j jputj;jd;ik nfhz;l KjyPLfs;

mjhtJ cldbahf fhrhf khw;wf;$batw;iwAk; khw;wj;jpd; NghJ ngWkjpapy; kpff;

Fiwe;j ,lHNeHTfisf; nfhz;l jd;ikfSf;Fl;gl;ltw;iwAk; cs;slf;fpapUe;jd.

3.7 ngWiffs; kw;Wk; nfhLg;gdTfs; fzf;F

ngWiffs; kw;Wk; nfhLg;gdTf; $w;Wf;fs;> ,t;thz;Lg; gFjpapy; fhR tbtpy;

ngwg;gl;l midj;Jg; ngWiffisAk; ,t;thz;Lg; gFjpapy; fhrhf Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l

nfhLg;gdTfisAk; gpujpgypf;fpwJ.

134


2012 2011

ehzar; rig njhopy;

jpizf;fsk; nkhj;jk; nkhj;jk;

,yq;if &gha;f; fldpypUe;jhd tl;b 2,247,000,000 2,247,000,000 4,494,276,925

jpiwNrhp KwpfspypUe;jhd tl;b - FWfpa fhyk; 80,152,862 80,152,862 331,607,898

jpiwNrhp KwpfspypUe;jhd tl;b - ePz;l fhyk; 86,097,955,986 86,097,955,986 78,762,365,063

jpiwNrhp cz;bay;fspypUe;jhd tl;b 1,178,685,268 1,178,685,268 32,650,569

NeHkhw;W kPs;nfhs;tdtpypUe;jhd tl;b 251,193,811 251,193,811 255,799,221

gl;bayplg;gl;l njhFjpf;fldpypUe;jhd tl;b 46,569,389 46,569,389 2,375,616

gl;bayplg;glhj njhFjpf;fldpypUe;jhd tl;b 662,751,480 662,751,480 600,461,482

ek;gpf;if rhd;wpjopd; KjyPl;bypUe;jhd tl;b 282,160,702 282,160,702 134,090,026

<l;bdhy; cj;juthjg;gLj;jg;gl;l gpizaq;fspd;

KjyPLfspypUe;jhd tl;b

57,700,000 57,700,000 59,933,425

tl;b tUkhdk; 90,904,169,498 - 90,904,169,498 84,673,560,227

1. tl;b tUkhdk; (&gh)

(&gh)

(&gh)

2012 2011

ehzar; rig njhopy;

jpizf;fsk nkhj;jk; nkhj;jk;

gl;bayplg;gl;l rhjhuz gq;FfspypUe;jhd

gq;fpyhgk; 1,629,666,874 1,629,666,874 1,272,355,918

gl;bayplg;glhj rhjhuz gq;FfspypUe;jhd

gq;fpyhgk; 216,457,386 216,457,386 541,002,841

gl;bayplg;glhj Kd;Dhpikg; gq;FfspypUe;jhd

gq;fpyhgk; 150,205,480 150,205,480 149,914,664

gq;fpyhg tUkhdk; 1,996,329,740 - 1,996,329,740 1,963,273,422

2012 2011

ehzar; rig njhopy; jpizf;fsk; nkhj;jk; nkhj;jk;

jpiwNrhp Kwpfspd; tzpfj;Jld; njhlHghd

%yjd ,yhgk;Æ (el;lk;) (FWfpa fhyk;) - - 9,645,477

jpiwNrhp Kwpfspd; tzpfj;Jld; njhlHghd

%yjd ,yhgk;Æ (el;lk;) (ePz;lfhyk;) 33,897,943 33,897,943 -

rhjhuz gq;Ffspd; tzpfj;Jld; njhlHghd

%yjd ,yhgk;Æ (el;lk;) (FWfpa fhyk;) 14,897,563 14,897,563 110,294,560

rhjhuz gq;Ffspd; tzpfj;Jld; njhlHghd

%yjd ,yhgk;Æ (el;lk;) (ePz;lfhyk;) 1,005,382,297 1,005,382,297 604,700,930

%yjd ,yhgk; / (el;lk;) 1,054,177,803 - 1,054,177,803 724,640,967

2. gq;fpyhg tUkhdk;

3. Njwpa %yjd ,yhgk; / (el;lk;)

Copah; Nrk epjpak;

2012 jpnrk;gH 31,y; Kbtile;j Mz;bw;fhd tUkhd kw;Wk; nrytPd $w;Wf;fhd Fwpg;Gf;fs;

135


2012 2011


gjptopj;jypd; ,yhgk;Æ el;lk; - jpiwNrhp Kwp

(ePz;lfhyk;) 27,791,502,310 27,791,502,310 28,726,516,148

gjptopj;jy; ,yhgk; 27,791,502,310 - 27,791,502,310 28,726,516,148

2012 2011

ehzar; rig njhopy;


chpik %yjd ,yhgk;Æ (el;lk;) (117,619,396) (117,619,396) (174,077,469)

jpiwNrhp Kwpfspd; ,yhgk;Æ (el;lk;) (270,116,346) (270,116,346) (93,128,863)

,yhgk; my;yJ el;lj;jpD}lhf re;ijg;

ngWkjpapy; epjpapay; rhjdq;fspypUe;jhd

Njwpa tUkhdk;

(387,735,742) - (387,735,742) (267,206,331)

2012 2011


tpjpg;Gf;fs; 50,537,962 50,537,962 112,961,262

gpiza fld; toq;fypypUe;jhd fl;lz tUkhdk; - - 105,483,513

Kj;jpiu tpw;gid 1,500 1,500 700

Vida tUkhdk; 36,484 4,050,764 4,087,248 3,881,592

Vida tUkhdk; 50,575,946 4,050,764 54,626,710 222,327,067

2012 2011


Mszpr; nryTfs; 287,634,732 226,584,331 514,219,063 416,968,530

epHthfr; nryTfs; 224,536,256 171,722,601 396,258,857 334,782,316

Vida nryTfs; 25,180,402 12,048,621 37,229,023 33,996,285

nkhj;jj; njhopw;ghl;Lr; nryTfs; 537,351,390 410,355,553 947,706,943 785,747,131

4. gjptopj;jy; ,yhgk;

5. ,yhgk; my;yJ el;lj;jpD}lhf re;ijg; ngWkjpapy; epjpapay; rhjdq;fspypUe;jhd Njwpa tUkhdk;

6. Vida tUkhdk;

7. nkhj;jj; njhopw;ghl;Lr; nryTfs;

(&gh)

(&gh)

(&gh)

(&gh)

Copah; Nrk epjpak;

2012 jpnrk;gH 31,y; Kbtile;j Mz;bw;fhd tUkhd kw;Wk; nrytPd $w;Wf;fhd Fwpg;Gf;fs;

136


2012 2011

ehzar; rig njhopy;



nrhj;Jf;fs; gl;bayplg;gl;l chpik %yjdj;jpd;

re;ijg; ngWkjp ,yhgk;Æ el;lf; fzf;F

(6,240,881,426) (6,240,881,426) (2,367,430,983)

tpw;gidf;Ff; fpilf;fj;jf;fjhfTs;s epjpapay;

fUtpfspypUe;jhd Njwpa ,yhgk;Æ (el;lk;) (6,240,881,426) - (6,240,881,426) (2,367,430,983)

8. tpw;gidf;Ff; fpilf;fj;jf;fjhfTs;s epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fspd; re;ijg; ngWkjpapyhd Njwpa khw;wk;

Copah; Nrk epjpak; 31 jpnrk;gh; 2012 ,y; Kbtile;j Mz;bw;fhd midj;ijAKs;slf;fpa tUkhd $w;Wf;fhd Fwpg;Gf;fs;

(&gh)

137


9. Mjdk;> nghwp kw;Wk; cgfuz

q;fs;

Copah; Nrk epjpak;

2012 jpnrk;gh; 31 ,y; cs;sthwhd

epjpapay; epiyikf; $w;Wf;fhd

Fwpg;Gf;fs;

nrhj;J tif

fpuak;

xd;WNrHe;j Nja;khd

k;

Njwpa Vl;Lg; ngWkjp

2012

2011

ehz

ar; rig

njhopy;

jpizf;fsk;

ehz

ar; rig

njhopy;

jpizf;fsk;

ehz

ar;

rig

njhopy;

jpizf;fsk;

nkhj;jk;

nkhj;jk;

fl;llk; kw;Wk; mikg;G

- 4

39,1

47,3

35

- 3

,598

,214

-

435

,549

,121

4

35,5

49,1

21

338

,380

,011

fzdp cgfuz

q;fs;

61,

513,

395

337

,505

,839

5

6,02

4,35

8 2

96,2

48,2

51

5,4

89,0

38

41,

257,

588

46,

746,

626

70,

744,

287

mYtyfj; jsghlk;

22,

137,

387

31,

201,

056

10,

851,

610

24,

271,

314

11,

285,

777

6,9

29,7

42

18,

215,

519

12,

451,

259

mYtyf cgfuz

k;

7,7

74,4

34

209

,392

,820

5

,656

,125

2

03,0

77,8

35

2,1

18,3

09

6,3

14,9

85

8,4

33,2

95

17,

112,

077

ce;J CHjpfs;

- 9

7,20

2,27

4 -

46,

474,

514

- 5

0,72

7,76

1 5

0,72

7,76

1 5

4,97

1,63

2

fzdp nkd;nghU

s;

22,

595,

880

- 2

2,16

0,38

5 -

435

,495

-

435

,495

1

,059

,883

Vidait

2,5

67,3

54

24,

489,

427

1,8

60,2

51

352

,104

7

07,1

03

24,

137,

323

24,

844,

426

45,

632

nkhj;jk;

116

,588

,451

1

,138

,938

,751

9

6,55

2,72

8 5

74,0

22,2

31

20,

035,

723

564

,916

,520

5

84,9

52,2

43

494

,764

,779

(&gh)

138


fUtpfs;

,yhgk; kw;Wk;

el;lj;jpÇlhf

re;ijg;

ngWkjp

tpw;gidf;Ff;

fpilf;fj;jf;fit

KjpHr;rp tiu

itj;jpUf;fg;gl;lit fld;fs; kw;Wk;

ngwj;jf;fitfs; nkhj;jk;

2012

nkhj;jk;

2011

jpiwNrhp

Kwpfs;- - 980,371,915,815 - 980,371,915,815 874,572,559,685

&gha; fld; - - 23,100,000,000 - 23,100,000,000 23,100,000,000

jpiwNrhp

cz;bay;- - 31,757,671,753 - 31,757,671,753 -

gl;bay;gLj;jg;gl;l gq;F

%yjdk; 147,603,472 54,597,298,083 - - 54,744,901,555 71,405,897,425

gl;bay;gLj;jg;glhj

gq;F %yjdk;- 4,480,625,000 - - 4,480,625,000 4,480,625,000

fk;gdpj; njhFjpf;

fld; kw;wk;

Vidait

- - 7,981,853,041 - 7,981,853,041 9,237,746,504

Neh;khw;W kPs;

nfhs;tdT- - - 3,106,900,000 3,106,900,000 2,802,100,000

nkhj;jk; 147,603,472 59,077,923,083 1,043,211,440,609 3,106,900,000 1,105,543,867,164 985,598,928,614

10. epjpapay; nrhj;Jf;fs;

(&gh)

Copah; Nrk epjpak;

2012 jpnrk;gh; 31 ,y; cs;sthwhd epjpapay; epiyikf; $w;Wf;fhd Fwpg;Gf;fs;

139


11. Vida eilKiwr; nrhj;Jf;fs; / ngWtdTfs;

12. fhR kw;Wk; fhrpw;Fr; rkkhditfs;

2012 2011

ehzar; rig njhopy;


ngwj;jf;f gq;fpyhgk; 45,575,786 - 45,575,786 54,151,458

Vida tUkjpfs; 1,736,722 - 1,736,722 1,736,722

Kjypy; nrYj;jg;gl;l thp 544,646,451 - 544,646,451 674,911,772

Kw;nfhLg;gdTfs; 12,773,071 1,369,555 14,142,626 4,516,822

Vida eilKiwr; nrhj;Jf;fs; 111,750,020 1,404,179 113,154,199 112,228,600

njhopy; MizahsH ehafk; trf;fl;L - 397,800,922 397,800,922 358,112,173

KjyPl;L ,zf;fj;jpd; Muk;g epYit (516,031) - (516,031) (516,031)

nkhj;jk; 715,966,019 400,574,656 1,116,540,675 1,205,141,516

ehzar; rig

2012 2011

,yq;if tq;fp gpujhd fzf;F 2,259,151,459 1,896,481,559

,yq;if tq;fp thp nrYj;j Ntz;ba fzf;F** (6,276,289) 4,810,964

,yq;if tq;fp 7MtJ fzf;F** (12,867,942) (13,220,160)

,yq;if tq;fp 6MtJ fzf;F 33,052 33,053

kf;fs; tq;fp 130,385,237 129,834,703

,yq;if tq;fpfSf;fpilapyhd nfhLg;gdT Kiwikf; fzf;F 6,777,369 6,777,369

mNjNeu nkhj;jj; jPHg;gdTf; fzf;F - 909,141

rpy;yiwf; fhR 10,000 5,850

nkhj;jk; 2,377,212,886 2,025,632,477

(&gh)

(&gh)

Copah; Nrk epjpak;

2012 jpnrk;gH 31,y; cs;sthwhd epjpapay; epiyikf; $w;Wf;fhd Fwpg;Gf;fs;

13. fld; nfhLeHfs;

2012 2011

ehzar; rig njhopy;


fld; nfhLeH - cs;ehL 9,328,828 9,328,828 6,950,314

gpbj;Jitj;jpUg;Gf;fs; - epiyahd nrhj;Jf;fs; 343,752 343,752 343,752

rpy;yiwf; fld; nfhLeHfs; 693,784 693,784 693,784

nkhj;jk; 10,366,364 - 10,366,364 7,987,850

(&gh)

Fwpg;G:** tq;fpf; fzf;fpd; Gj;jf kPjp tq;fp Nkyjpfg; gw;iwf; fhl;ba NghJk; cz;ikapy; rhjfkhd kPjpNa fhzg;gl;lJ.

140


14. Vida eilKiwg; nghWg;Gf;fs;

15. cWg;gpdH epYitfs;

2012 2011

ehzar; rig njhopy;


nrYj;j Ntz;ba C.Nr. epjpag; gq;fspg;Gf;fs; 30,040 1,320,018 1,350,058 1,350,058

nrYj;j Ntz;ba C.e. epjpag; gq;fspg;Gf;fs; (172) - (172) (172)

ngwg;gl;l nghUl;fs;Æ ngwg;gl;l gl;bay;

jPHg;gdT - ,Ug;Gf;fs; (2,448,747) - (2,448,747) 112,763

ngwg;gl;l nghUl;fs;Æ ngwg;gl;l gl;bay;

jPHg;gdT - gzpfs;Æ nrhj;Jf;fs; 71,787 - 71,787 66,967

nrYj;j Ntz;ba tPlikg;Gf; fld; 2,095,000,000 - 2,095,000,000 1,975,000,000

nrYj;j Ntz;ba Vidaitfs; (3,870) - (3,870) (3,870)

nrYj;j Ntz;ba kPsspg;Gf; Nfhhpf;iffs; 34,890,774 - 34,890,774 503,036,227

thp (138,321,959) (138,321,959) 50,698,449

KjyPl;Lj; jPHg;gdTf; fzf;F 32,763,772 - 32,763,772 (651,519)

nkhj;jk; 2,021,981,624 1,320,018 2,023,301,642 2,529,608,902

2012.01.01 ,y; cs;sthwhd

epYit

Mz;L

fhyg;gFjpapy;

gw;W itj;jJ

Mz;L

fhyg;gFjpapy;

tuT itj;jJ

2012.12.31 ,y; cs;sthwhd

epYit

elg;ghz;L gq;fspg;G - gq;fspg;G 1Mk; ,y. fzf;F 63,921,057,569 242,566,139,375 211,995,438,064 33,350,356,258

$w;Wg;gLj;jpa gq;fspg;G - gq;fspg;G 2Mk; ,y.

fzf;F 808,976,211,833 44,028,140,042 199,645,027,991 964,593,099,782

njhopy; MizahshplkpUe;jhd gq;fspg;G - njh.M.

1Mk; ,y. fzf;F 4,671,769,511 1,637,162,951 2,374,655,520 5,409,262,080

Fiw kpif gq;fspg;Gf;fs; fzf;F 1,187,649,767 260,148,413 498,282,002 1,425,783,355

1997Æ98 ,w;fhd gq;fspg;G - 96 gq;fspg;G fzf;F 193,376 - - 193,376

cWg;gpdH Nrfhpg;Gf; fzf;F 1,404,446 140,637,096,733 140,642,971,413 7,279,126

Nghf;Ftuj;Jr; rig epWj;jp itf;fg;gl;l fzf;F - - 126,513,344 126,513,344

Nfhug;glhj ed;ikfs; 120,476,636 179,656,251 184,505,578 125,325,963

epWj;jp itf;fg;gl;l ed;ikfs; 13,160,612 2,969,345 23,947,385 34,138,653

gFjpf; nfhLg;gdTfs; - kPsspg;Gf;fs; (Fiw kpif

kPsspg;Gf;fs;) (268,279,574) 309,458,809 241,705,009 (336,033,374)

nghJ itg;Gf; fzf;F 346,697,934 29,314,265 24,294,093 341,677,762

nrYj;j Ntz;ba tl;b 107,075,451,582 103,426,560,460 115,781,640,886 119,430,532,008

nkhj;jk; 986,045,793,692 533,076,646,645 671,538,981,286 1,124,508,128,334

(&gh)

(&gh)

Copah; Nrk epjpak;


141


16. xJf;fq;fs;

2012.01.01 ,y; cs;sthwhd

epYit

Mz;L

fhyg;gFjpapy;

khw;wy;fs;

2012.12.31 ,y; cs;sthwhd

epYit

fl;ll xJf;F epjpak; 3,157,000,000 - 3,157,000,000

njhopy;El;g Nkk;ghl;L xJf;F epjpak; 350,000,000 - 350,000,000

KjyPl;L kPs;kjpg;gPl;L xJf;fk; (2,367,430,983) (5,716,872,449) (8,084,303,432)

,yhg rkepiyg;gLj;jy; xJf;F epjpak; 23,500,000,000 (5,700,000,000) 17,800,000,000

nghJ xJf;F epjpak; 6,650,000,000 - 6,650,000,000

nkhj;jk; 31,289,569,017 (11,416,872,449) 19,872,696,568

(Ugh)

Copah; Nrk epjpak;


142


Copah; Nrk epjpak;

2012 jpnrk;gH 31,y; cs;sthwhd nfhs;sy; nfhLj;jy; fzf;fpw;fhd Fwpg;Gf;fs;

17. ngWtdTfs;

2012 2011

ehzar; rig njhopy;


gq;fspg;Gf;fs; 70,170,727,965 - 70,170,727,965 61,878,995,006

,.k. tq;fp C.Nr.epjpa nrytpdq;fspd; kPsspg;G - 540,764,959 540,764,959 539,843,822

trf;fl;Lf; fzf;F (njhopy; MizahsH) - 26,378,261 26,378,261 15,953,319

nghJ itg;Gf;fs; fzf;F - (C.Nr.ep.

gq;fspg;Gf;fs;) - 6,071,044 6,071,044 134,598,703

tUkhdk; - KjyPl;bypUe;jhd tl;b 83,928,914,594 - 83,928,914,594 86,070,971,262

fop: tUkhd thp - - -

tpjpg;Gf;fs; 50,537,962 199,013 50,736,975 113,160,172

jp. Kwpfs;Æjp. cz;bay;fspd;

tpw;gidapypUe;jhd %yjd ,yhgk;

33,897,943 - 33,897,943 9,645,477

gq;Ffspd; tzpfj;jpypUe;jhd %yjd ,yhgk; 1,020,279,860 - 1,020,279,860 714,995,490

gq;fpyhgk; 1,881,100,206 - 1,881,100,206 1,851,639,102

rpy;yiw tUkhdk; 145,133 5,833,740 5,978,873 114,456,749

fld;gLeHfs; - - - (2,429)

Kw;gzq;fspd; jPHg;gdT 241,972 - 241,972 1,175,261

Nfhug;glhj ed;ikfs; 2,770,596 - 2,770,596 (10,044,829)

nkhj;jk; 157,088,616,231 579,247,017 157,667,863,248 151,435,387,103

(&gh)

143


Copah; Nek epjpak;

2012 jpnrk;gh; 31,y; cs;sthwhd nfhs;sy; nfhLj;jy; fzf;fpw;fhd Fwpg;Gf;fs;

18. nfhLg;gdTfs;

2012 2011

ehzar; rig njhopy;


kPsspg;Gfs; 48,404,961,062 - 48,404,961,062 47,172,086,633

KjyPLfs; 487,822,962,364 - 487,822,962,364 467,249,516,811

fopf;Ff - Kjph;r;rp ngWiffs; (401,678,999,670) - (401,678,999,670) (380,942,026,911)

86,143,962,695 - 86,143,962,695 86,307,489,900

KjyPl;by; nrYj;jpa WHT 18,918,362,215 - 18,918,362,215 13,571,791,103

njhopw;ghl;Lr; nryTfs; 316,727,158 329,027,721 645,754,880 623,094,532

nrYj;jg;gl;l fld; nfhLeh;fspd; nfhLg;gdTfs; 2,096,846,977 - 2,096,846,977 1,973,696,812

kPsspg;G ed;ikfspd; kPjhd epWj;jp itj;j tUkhd thp (3,965,780) - (3,965,780) -

nryTfs; kPs; nrYj;Jif - njhopw; jpizf;fsk; 540,764,959 - 540,764,959 516,662,149

Fiw / kpif nfhLg;gdTfs; kPsspg;G 309,407,379 - 309,407,379 128,670,566

epiyahd nrhj;Jf; nfhs;tdT 8,034,685 183,740,553 191,775,238 224,968,474

Kw;gzq;fs; - Copah;fs; 86,500 - 86,500 44,000

- gy;tif 1,857,972 - 1,857,972 12,460,284

nghJ itg;Gf; fzf;F (C.Nr.ep gq;fspg;G) - 21,567,004 21,567,004 304,128,917

rPuhf;fq;fs;: Mz;bd; Muk;gj;jpYs;s fhR kPjp -

njhopw; jpizf;fsk; - 47,595,217 47,595,217 -

nkhj;jk; 156,737,045,822 581,930,495 157,318,976,317 150,835,093,370

(&gh)

144


19. ,yhgk; my;yJ el;lj;jpD}lhf re;ijg; ngWkjp


gq;F fpuak;

Vl;Lg; ngWkjpÆ

re;ijg;

ngWkjp

Vrpvy; gpsh];hpf;]; gpvy;rp 7,053,195 6,113,880

ngh`td;jyhth hP ];Nuw; gpvy;rp 1,050,584 486,009

rp lgps;A kf;fp gpvy;rp 9,058,348 6,978,660

nrk;ndf;]; gpvy;rp 68,990 37,500

gpwp yq;fh fg;gpl;ly; N`hy;bq;]; gpvy;rp 524,500 251,760

N[hd; fPy;]; N`hy;bq;]; gpvy;rp 79,817,621 78,049,839

NfNfhy; gpshz;Nl~d; gpvy;rp 24,733,977 12,719,200

ky;tj;j typ gpshz;Nl~d; gpvy;rp (thf;Fhpik cs;s) 8,782,890 3,722,400

ky;tj;j typ gpshz;Nl~d; gpvy;rp (thf;Fhpik mw;w) 3,100,739 1,522,400

ghk; fhHbd; n`hl;ly; gpvy;rp 54,108,598 37,604,000

rpfphpa tpNy[; gpvy;rp 13,279 21,824

hP ];Nkhy;N`hy;lH]; gf;lwP]; gpvy;rp 136,949 96,000

nkhj;jk; 188,449,670 147,603,472

(&gh.)

Copah; Nrk epjpak;

2012 jpnrk;gH 31,y; cs;sthwhd KjyPl;Lf; $w;Wf;fhd Fwpg;Gf;fs;

145


20. tpw;gidf;Ff; fpilf;fj;jf;fit

chpik %yjdk;

gq;F fpuak; re;ijg; ngWkjp

gl;bay;gLj;jg;gl;l chpik %yjdk;

Vrpvy; Nfgps;]; gpvy;rp

162,879,449

227,796,228

va;l;fd;]; ];ngd;]; fk;gdp gpvy;rp 494,336,252 547,327,560

va;l;fd;]; ];ngd;]; N`hl;ly;]; gpvy;rp 1,590,089,511 2,172,893,845

mkhah ny~H gpvy;rp 340,028,021 388,142,076

Vrpad; N`hl;ly;]; gpvy;rp 1,642,728,376 1,599,892,457

Mrphp NrH[pf;fy; n`h];gpl;ly; gpvy;rp 1,680,649 2,211,075

gpwTz;]; md;l; fk;gdp gpvy;rp 1,769,404,852 821,746,145

Gf;fpj; jhuh gpvy;rp 1,532,917,150 1,203,136,308

rpIrp N`hy;bq;]; gpvy;rp - (thf;Fhpik mw;w) 192,174,270 134,527,313

rpIrp N`hy;bq;]; gpvy;rp - (thf;FhpikAs;s) 449,805,454 247,640,905

fhfps;]; (rpNyhd;) gpvy;rp 1,364,040,065 1,062,772,158

fhh;rd;]; fk;ggr; gpvy;rp 1,632,133,647 1,461,577,482

nrd;wy; gpdhd;]; fk;gdp gpvy;rp 1,745,813,840 1,063,063,052

rpNyhd; Nfhy;l; ];Nlhh;]; gpvy;rp 27,026,584 152,300,000

rpNyhd; fpsh]; fk;gdp gpvy;rp 515,527,586 516,328,116

rpNyhd; fpnua;d; ,ypNtw;wH]; gpvy;rp 1,005,584,993 318,357,666

rpNyhd; n`h];gpl;ly;]; gpvy;rp (thf;Fhpik mw;w) 25,410,556 77,342,857

rpNyhd; N`hl;ly;]; Nfhg;gNw~d; gpvy;rp 711,242,903 468,278,142

rpNyhd; jpnal;lh;]; gpvy;rp 954,596,027 751,761,160

nrt;Nuhd; Yg;hpfd;w;]; yq;fh gpvy;rp 249,263,948 516,022,332

nfhOk;G nlhf;fpahl; gpvy;rp 2,571,844,873 2,385,457,760

nfhkh;~y; ghq;f; xt; rpNyhd; gpvy;rp 7,795,536,650 7,688,040,304

bvt;rprp gpvy;rp 3,395,967,521 2,751,259,536

bNkh gpvy;rp 1,265,738,355 739,192,745

lanyhf; nlypnfhk; gpvy;rp 1,660,339,146 1,472,943,805

bg;l; g;nuhlf;l;]; gpvy;rp 888,569,146 860,228,160

<nld; N`hl;ly;]; gpvy;rp 213,341,783 175,632,900

fyjhhp gpvy;rp 810,321,610 336,713,240

`l;ld; e~dy; ghq;f; gpvy;rp 4,956,264,453 4,504,618,576

n`a;fhh;g;; gpvy;rp 212,329,485 217,982,427

N`yP]; gpvy;rp 455,629,302 551,118,372

N`yP]; vk;[php gpvy;rp 199,555,228 47,133,120

N`kh]; N`hy;bq;]; gpvy;rp 607,825,728 735,996,294

N`hl;ly; Nrh;tpr];;; gpvy;rp 485,792,684 317,872,806

N[hd; fPy;]; N`hy;bq;];; gpvy;rp 2,849,118 2,163,388

N[hd; fPy;]; N`hl;ly;]; gpvy;rp 934,672,605 846,248,554

yq;fh IXrp gpvy;rp 343,034,360 182,794,950

yq;fh xhpf;]; yPrpq; fk;gdp gpvy;rp 1,600,934,230 807,627,469

yq;fh iuy;]; gpvy;rp 429,782,093 341,614,130

yq;fh Nthy;iuy;]; gpvy;rp 74,559,013 85,188,704

(&gh)

Copah; Nrk epjpak;


146


gq;F fpuak; re;ijg; ngWkjp

yh/g; fh]; gpvy;rp (thf;Fhpik mw;w)

yh/g; fh]; gpvy;rp (thf;FhpikAs;s)

706,343,981 2,684,119,965

330,155,790 1,482,183,680

iyl; `T]; N`hl;ly; gpvy;rp 309,422,269 270,002,880

kf;Fl; vNdH[p gpvy;rp 19,999,000 18,856,200

e~dy; nltyg;nkd;l; ghq;f; gpvy;rp 1,399,456,780 2,180,233,199

etNyhfh n`h];gpl;ly;]; gpvy;rp 3,325,079 2,354,400

ne];Ny yq;fh gpvy;rp 30,752,320 225,958,300

XtrP]; hpaypw;wp gpvy;rp 665,633,871 611,019,230

gPgy;]; yPrpq; fk;gdp gpvy;rp 1,088,967,972 816,875,268

iwfk; tak;g Nrhy;lh;d; gpvy;rp 120,691,019 70,394,500

wpr;Nrl; gPhp]; fk;gdp gpvy;rp 1,432,247,818 1,070,014,756

Nwhay; nrukpf;]; yq;fh gpvy;rp 992,601,477 892,778,238

nrh/g;l;nyh[pf; N`hy;bq;]; gpvy;rp 133,137,480 78,812,450

rk;gj; ghq;f; gpvy;rp 2,543,773,960 3,200,601,951

nryhd; ghq;f; gpvy;rp (thf;Fhpik mw;w) 589,754,755 575,617,501

nryhd; ghq;f; gpvy;rp (thf;Fhpik cs;s) 1,045,623,871 895,520,864

rpah;uh Nfgpy;]; gpvy;rp 30,564,660 19,471,277

= yq;fh nuypnfhk; gpvy;rp 680,232,420 931,963,011

jh[; rKj;uh N`hl;ly; gpvy;rp 319,203,353 198,928,608

uq;Nfhpd; gPr; N`hl;ly;]; gpvy;rp 127,441,267 108,785,702

nuf;];nrh;l; N[h;rp yq;fh gpvy;rp 203,802,870 122,937,480

j gpdhd;]; fk;gdp gpvy;rp 205,489,613 96,223,680

Nuhf;fpNah rpnke;J gpvy;rp (thf;Fhpik mw;w) 292,059,585 187,967,351

hpwhd;]; Vrpah N`hl;ly;]; gpvy;rp 263,154,670 317,918,800

ntypgy; td; gpvy;rp 1,714,940,146 1,108,778,850

Jiz nkhj;jk; 62,914,311,714 54,597,298,083


gpr; Nwl;bq; yq;fh ypkpnll; 625,000 625,000

rpwpyq;fd; vahHiyapd;]; 500,000,000 500,000,000

rpwpyq;fd; Nfl;lwpq; Kd;Dhpik 15¾ 1,005,000,000 1,005,000,000

nt];l; Nfh];l; gtH (gpiwNtw;) ypkpnll; 2,975,000,000 2,975,000,000

Jiz nkhj;jk; 4,480,625,000 4,480,625,000

nkhj;jk; 67,394,936,714 59,077,923,083

chpik %yjdk; (&gh)

Copah; Nrk epjpak;

2012 jpnrk;gH 31,y; cs;sthwhd KjyPl;Lf; $w;Wf;fhd Fwpg;Gf;fs; (njhlh;r;rp...)

147


21. KjpHr;rp tiu itj;jpUf;fg;gl;lit

,yq;if &ghf; fld;fs;

gpizaq;fs; Kfg;Gg; ngWkjp fpuak; re;ijg; ngWkjp

2009-2015 9.50% 19,600,000,000 19,600,000,000 19,600,000,000

2009-2015 A 11.00% 3,500,000,000 3,500,000,000 3,500,000,000

Jiz nkhj;jk; 23,100,000,000 23,100,000,000 23,100,000,000

(&gh)

jpiwNrhp Kwpfs; (&gh)

njhlh;fs; Kfg;Gg; ngWkjp gjptopf;fg;gl;l

fpuak;

nfhs;tdTf; fpuak;

re;ijg; ngWkjp

07.00%2023A 55,308,500,000 45,737,288,777 45,147,558,132 37,739,920,901

07.50%2013A 33,145,000,000 32,258,055,879 26,453,903,950 32,484,221,280

07.50%2013B 31,775,000,000 30,236,412,379 23,529,313,357 30,888,223,300

07.50%2018A 43,491,700,000 39,237,624,125 38,566,204,923 35,756,570,680

08.50%2013A 28,507,000,000 28,443,744,734 23,257,151,164 28,480,146,406

08.50%2013B 28,209,000,000 27,751,668,640 24,395,481,090 27,861,944,673

08.50%2018A 40,032,500,000 34,166,577,912 32,133,609,540 35,000,815,075

10.50%2013A 34,525,000,000 34,137,561,841 29,097,167,230 34,502,420,650

11.75 % 2014B 31,408,200,000 31,276,286,220 30,914,832,089 31,424,940,571

13.50%2013A 14,014,000,000 13,993,700,912 13,484,855,614 14,045,195,164

11.75%2015A 30,120,500,000 29,848,326,410 29,456,891,067 30,082,126,483

11.50% 2013A 27,752,100,000 27,905,322,798 28,643,370,687 27,877,150,963

08.50%2019A 54,196,700,000 51,295,289,311 50,845,502,745 45,614,273,178

11.00% 2015A 11,339,100,000 11,309,051,777 11,266,133,227 11,113,644,675

11.25% 2014A 11,395,100,000 11,348,592,577 11,258,154,587 11,320,177,218

11.00% 2015B 33,104,500,000 33,938,125,035 34,618,149,855 32,365,177,202

07.00%2014A 21,074,000,000 20,440,877,342 19,252,629,619 20,024,894,132

07.25%2016A 10,551,200,000 9,921,603,054 9,577,812,378 9,207,230,349

06.40%2016A 29,873,700,000 27,159,145,183 25,782,898,323 25,087,694,270

06.50%2015A 12,028,500,000 11,323,799,959 10,899,850,573 10,638,534,654

06.20%2020A 64,320,167,000 52,403,632,207 51,016,767,094 45,560,868,694

06.60%2014A 3,242,000,000 3,170,952,489 3,047,022,878 3,071,649,110

06.60%2014B 42,804,000,000 41,865,651,070 40,719,042,814 40,010,525,352

06.75%2013A 4,746,000,000 4,708,970,609 4,614,713,442 4,614,521,562

06.60%2014A 16,401,000,000 16,119,886,189 15,674,072,255 15,539,209,455

06.50%2015A 7,052,000,000 6,695,031,185 6,474,427,100 6,237,099,088

06.20%2015A 8,929,000,000 8,598,591,074 8,335,119,509 8,032,108,737

07.25%2016A 25,184,400,000 23,990,075,707 23,564,143,018 21,976,511,866

08.50%2018B 44,706,900,000 40,089,991,302 39,611,489,778 38,722,657,901

08.50%2019A 20,881,000,000 20,377,173,737 20,273,229,415 17,574,347,483

05.80%2017A 19,426,300,000 17,409,255,946 16,822,073,655 15,709,038,642

05.35%2026A 58,208,900,000 27,884,843,245 27,615,541,757 31,440,547,784

06.40%2016A 800,000,000 746,754,134 727,493,329 671,833,600

Copah; Nrk epjpak;


148


njhlh;fs; Kfg;Gg; ngWkjpgjptopf;fg;gl;l

fpuak;

nfhs;tdTf;

fpuak; re;ijg; ngWkjp

05.80%2017B 21,468,800,000 18,851,190,563 18,323,632,673 17,009,837,584

05.65%2019A 3,000,000,000 2,282,456,962 2,213,813,000 2,180,691,000

06.40%2016B 4,300,000,000 3,689,713,953 3,606,863,000 3,594,249,600

08.00%2022A 39,445,100,000 29,587,708,510 29,161,548,590 30,319,397,225

08.00%2017A 24,052,400,000 22,107,944,956 21,766,524,740 21,080,677,875

06.20%2015B 3,000,000,000 2,682,800,503 2,598,424,000 2,653,758,000

08.00%2032A 60,099,000,000 34,662,268,627 34,545,718,061 39,992,518,956

08.00%2016A 12,265,600,000 11,185,483,304 10,994,883,802 10,813,586,006

05.80%2017A 3,268,500,000 2,629,743,218 2,541,190,345 2,643,065,988

08.00%2016B 4,223,300,000 3,766,011,350 3,688,439,039 3,751,189,963

08.00%2019A 12,256,700,000 9,327,609,088 9,160,793,769 9,811,733,484

09.00%2014A 2,000,000,000 1,924,041,855 1,896,106,000 1,917,586,000

08.50%2015A 2,000,000,000 1,853,835,723 1,822,164,000 1,835,000,000

08.00%2017B 8,229,000,000 6,598,894,735 6,468,446,595 7,296,078,270

08.00%2020A 9,225,000,000 6,588,692,186 6,487,112,250 7,322,721,975

08.00%2022A 7,973,900,000 5,329,871,316 5,265,330,154 6,129,122,287

08.00%2018A 2,000,000,000 1,513,785,207 1,491,406,000 1,682,122,000

nkhj;jk; 1,117,360,267,000 980,371,915,815 939,109,002,211 950,709,557,308

tplak; gjptopf;fg;gl;l

fpuak

nfhs;tdTf; fpuak;

gjptopf;fg;gl;l fpuak;

nfhs;tdTf; fpuak;

358D 1,665,000,000 1,630,960,656 1,500,323,175 1,637,610,750

147D 1,574,700,000 1,572,669,130 1,500,065,519 1,571,824,598

182D 4,250,000,000 4,128,484,934 3,998,684,750 4,144,068,750

179D 6,366,400,000 6,186,242,688 5,999,943,650 6,207,717,480

361D 3,382,900,000 3,096,507,622 2,999,982,783 3,098,340,601

364D 627,400,000 567,010,957 556,946,117 568,420,008

358D 3,370,500,000 3,062,028,601 2,999,920,266 3,053,649,407

182D 1,000,000,000 959,410,000 943,174,000 965,603,000

182D 2,000,000,000 1,923,491,297 1,886,792,000 1,931,206,000

182D 1,000,000,000 954,862,330 942,951,000 955,959,000

182D 1,500,000,000 1,423,111,747 1,418,641,500 1,417,048,500

361D 1,673,000,000 1,500,522,065 1,500,522,065 1,480,215,191

182D 5,000,000,000 4,752,369,725 4,714,755,000 4,779,795,000

nkhj;jk; 33,409,900,000 31,757,671,753 30,962,701,825 31,811,458,284

(&gh)

jpiwNrhp cz;bay;fs; (&gh)

Copah; Nrk epjpak;

2012 jpnrk;gH 31,y; cs;sthwhd KjyPl;Lf; $w;Wf;fhd Fwpg;Gf;fs; (njhlh;r;rp)

149


fUtpfs; Kfg;Gg; ngWkjp nfhs;tdTf; fpuak; re;ijg; ngWkjp

fk;gdpj; njhFjpf;fld;fs;

vr;bvt;rp ghq;f; njhFjpf;fld;fs; 195,000,000 195,000,000 195,000,000 v];vk;IgP ghq;f; njhFjpf;fld;fs; 195,000,000 195,000,000 195,000,000 ,yq;if tq;fp; 300,000,000 300,000,000 300,000,000 ,yq;if tq;fp 200,000,000 200,000,000 200,000,000 yq;fh xwpf;]; yPrpq; fk;gdp gpvy;rp 500,000,000 500,000,000 500,000,000 vd;hpgP njhFjpf;fld;fs; 1,000,000,000 1,000,000,000 1,000,000,000 bvt;rprp tHjd ghq;f; njhFjpf;fld;fs; 500,000,000 500,000,000 500,000,000 vr;vd;gP njhFjpf;fld;fs; 2,000,000,000 2,000,000,000 2,000,000,000 vk;gPv];vy; njhFjpf;fld;fs 162,500,000 162,500,000 162,500,000 gpVgPrp njhFjpf; fld; 250,000,000 250,000,000 250,000,000 rk;gj; ghq;f njhFjpf;fld;fs; 14,430,000 14,430,000 14,430,000 Jiz nkhj;jk; 5,316,930,000 5,316,930,000 5,316,930,000

<l;bd; %yk; cj;juthjg;gLj;jg;gl;l gpizaq;fs;

vd;bgP tPlikg;G <l;bd; %yk; 500,000,000 500,000,000 500,000,000

Jiz nkhj;jk; 500,000,000 500,000,000 500,000,000

ek;gpf;ifr; rhd;wpjo;fs;

nfhkH~y; yPrpq; ek;gpf;ifr; rhd;wpjo; 94,632,546 73,433,744 93,643,748

vy;gP gpdhd;]; ek;gpf;ifr; rhd;wpjo; 487,622,564 388,700,000 451,281,154

gpvy;rp ek;gpf;ifr; rhd;wpjo; 1,823,690,555 1,404,247,229 1,533,788,738

nrq;flfy gpdhd;]; ek;gpf;ifr; rhd;wpjo; 87,426,830 76,500,000 86,209,401

Jiz nkhj;jk; 2,493,372,496 1,942,880,973 2,164,923,041

nkhj;jk; 8,310,302,496 7,759,810,973 7,981,853,041

,yq;if &ghf; fld;fs;

23,100,000,000

jpiwNrhp Kwpfs; 980,371,915,815

jpiwNrhp cz;bay;fs; 31,757,671,753

fk;gdpj; njhFjpf;fld;fs; kw;Wk; Vida KjyPLfs; 7,981,853,041

nkhj;jk; 1,043,211,440,608

fk;gdpj; njhFjpf;fld;fs; kw;Wk; Vida KjyPLfs;(&gh)

Copah; Nrk epjpak; 31 jpnrk;gh; 2012 ,y; cs;sthwhd KjyPl;Lf; $w;wpw;fhd Fwpg;Gf;fs;

Kjph;r;rp tiu itj;jpUf;fg;gl;l fUtpfs; Gj;jfg; ngWkjp

(&gh.)

150


tHj;jfg; gq;fhsH tPjk; Kfg;Gg; ngWkjp fpuag; ngWkjp re;ijg; ngWkjp

nty;j; u];l; nrf;Fwpw;wP]; ypkpnll; 9.05 300,000,000 300,000,000 300,000,000

ew;nty;j; nrf;Fwpw;wP]; 9.05 289,000,000 289,000,000 289,000,000

Njrpa Nrkpg;G tq;fp 9.05 1,347,000,000 1,347,000,000 1,347,000,000

vd;v];gP gd;l; kNd[;kd;l; fk;gdp ypkpnll; 9.05 650,900,000 650,900,000 650,900,000

,yq;if tq;fp 7.92 520,000,000 520,000,000 520,000,000

nkhj;jk; 3,106,900,000 3,106,900,000 3,106,900,000

(&gh)

Copah; Nrk epjpak; 31 jpnrk;gh; 2012 ,y; cs;sthwhd KjyPl;L $w;Wf;fhd Fwpg;Gfs;

22. fld;fs; kw;Wk; ngwj;jf;fitNeHkhw;W kPs;nfhs;tdT cld;gbf;iffs; (Neh;khw;W kPs;nfhs;tdT)

151


Copah; Nrk epjpak;

2012 jpnrk;gH 31,y; cs;sht

hwhd

KjyPl;L $w;Wf;fhd

Fwpg;Gfs;

KjyPl;bd; tif tPjk;

Muk;g epYit

KjyPL

Kjph;r;rp

tpw;gid

khw;wy;fs;

gjptopg;G

,Wjp kPjp

2012

%20

11 %

khw;wk;

%

jpiwNrhp Kwpfs;

5.3

5 1

,748

,012

,042

2

5,87

7,75

7,20

7 -

- -

259

,073

,996

2

7,88

4,84

3,24

5 2

.6

0.2

2

.4

5.6

5 8

31,8

22,3

55

1,3

87,2

04,0

00

- -

- 6

3,43

0,60

7 2

,282

,456

,962

0

.2

0.1

0

.1

5.8

0 3

3,12

2,59

2,74

5 4

,847

,125

,345

-

- -

920

,471

,636

3

8,89

0,18

9,72

6 3

.6

3.4

0

.3

6.2

0 5

2,01

4,56

0,06

8 1

0,47

5,89

8,68

0 -

- -

1,1

94,5

65,0

36

63,

685,

023,

784

5.9

5

.3

0.6

6

.40

29,

364,

866,

657

1,5

26,6

28,0

00

- -

- 7

04,1

18,6

13

31,

595,

613,

270

3.0

3

.0

(0.0

) 6

.50

17,

090,

428,

530

85,

983,

500

- -

499

,155

,600

3

43,2

63,5

13

18,

018,

831,

143

1.7

1

.7

(0.1

) 6

.60

60,

249,

502,

474

- -

- -

906

,987

,274

6

1,15

6,48

9,74

8 5

.7

6.1

(0

.4)

6.7

5 4

,658

,807

,628

-

- -

- 5

0,16

2,98

1 4

,708

,970

,609

0

.4

0.5

(0

.0)

6.8

5 8

3,02

2,30

7,02

2 -

82,

371,

450,

000

3,4

02,6

32,0

58

- 2

,751

,775

,036

-

- 8

.5

(8.5

) 7

.00

59,

212,

562,

123

5,9

98,3

51,5

82

- -

- 9

67,2

52,4

14

66,

178,

166,

120

6.2

6

.0

0.1

7

.25

28,

400,

596,

017

5,0

61,9

95,3

09

- -

- 4

49,0

87,4

35

33,

911,

678,

761

3.2

2

.9

0.3

7

.50

86,

307,

305,

920

11,

905,

947,

641

- -

- 3

,518

,838

,822

1

01,7

32,0

92,3

84

9.5

8

.8

0.7

8

.00

- 1

29,0

30,2

03,0

01

- -

- 1

,638

,066

,277

1

30,6

68,2

69,2

78

12.

2 -

12.

2 8

.50

139

,083

,207

,363

6

1,17

7,06

7,63

9 -

- -

3,7

18,0

06,3

58

203

,978

,281

,360

1

9.1

14.

2 4

.9

9.0

0 -

1,8

96,1

06,0

00

- -

- 2

7,93

5,85

5 1

,924

,041

,855

0

.2

- 0

.2

10.

50

32,

759,

105,

135

- -

- -

1,3

78,4

56,7

06

34,

137,

561,

841

3.2

3

.3

(0.1

) 1

1.00

4

3,23

4,48

8,07

0 2

,264

,044

,011

-

- -

(251

,355

,269

) 4

5,24

7,17

6,81

2 4

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4.4

(0

.2)

11.

25

9,3

56,0

09,9

78

1,9

59,4

45,2

79

- -

- 3

3,13

7,32

0 1

1,34

8,59

2,57

7 1

.1

1.0

0

.1

11.

50

28,

209,

259,

432

- -

- -

(303

,936

,634

) 2

7,90

5,32

2,79

8 2

.6

2.9

(0

.3)

11.

75

58,

535,

721,

481

50,

190,

471

- -

2,3

71,4

83,0

44

167

,217

,633

6

1,12

4,61

2,63

0 5

.7

6.0

(0

.3)

13.

50

70,

753,

782,

190

- 5

7,67

1,00

0,00

0 -

- 9

10,9

18,7

22

13,

993,

700,

912

1.3

7

.2

(5.9

) 1

4.50

3

3,47

6,86

7,46

4 -

33,

522,

000,

000

- -

45,

132,

536

- -

3.4

(3

.4)

Jiz nkhj;jk;

871

,431

,804

,695

2

63,5

43,9

47,6

64

173

,564

,450

,000

3

,402

,632

,058

2

,870

,638

,644

1

9,49

2,60

6,86

9 9

80,3

71,9

15,8

15

91.

6 8

8.9

2.7

&gha;f; fld;

9.50

19,

600,

000,

000

- -

- -

- 1

9,60

0,00

0,00

0 1

.8

2.0

0

.2

11.0

0 3

,500

,000

,000

-

- -

- -

3,5

00,0

00,0

00

0.3

0

.4

0.1

Jiz nkhj;jk;

23,

100,

000,

000

- -

- -

23,

100,

000,

000

2.2

2

.4

(0.2

)

fk;gdpj; njhF

jpf;fld;

vr;bvt;rp ghq;f; njhF

jpf;fld;

195

,000

,000

-

- -

- -

195

,000

,000

0

.0

0.0

(0

.0)

v];vk;IgP ghq;f; njhF

jpf;fld;

195

,000

,000

-

- -

- -

195

,000

,000

0

.0

0.0

(0

.0)

va;w;fd; ];ngd;]; njhF

jpf;fld;

100

,000

,000

-

100

,000

,000

-

- -

- -

0.0

(0

.0)

rk;gj; ghq;f; njhF

jpf;fld;

250

,000

,000

-

250

,000

,000

-

- -

- -

0.0

(0

.0)

rk;gj; ghq;f; njhF

jpf;fld;

250

,000

,000

-

250

,000

,000

-

- -

- -

0.0

(0

.0)

bvt;rprp njhF

jpf;fld;

500

,000

,000

-

500

,000

,000

-

- -

- -

- -

,yq;if tq;fp njhF

jpf;fld;

300

,000

,000

-

- -

- -

300

,000

,000

0

.0

0.0

(0

.0)

,yq;if tq;fp njhF

jpf;fld;

200

,000

,000

-

- -

- -

200

,000

,000

0

.0

0.0

(0

.0)

yq;fh x

wpf;]

; yPrpq; f

k;gdp gpvy

;rp n

jhFjpf;f

ld;

500

,000

,000

-

- -

- -

500

,000

,000

0

.0

0.1

(0

.0)

vd;hpgP njhF

jpf;fld;

1,0

00,0

00,0

00

- -

- -

- 1

,000

,000

,000

0

.1

0.1

(0

.0)

bvt;rprp tHjd ghq;f; njhF

jpf;fld;

500

,000

,000

-

- -

- -

500

,000

,000

0

.0

0.1

(0

.0)

vr;vd;gP njhF

jpf;fld;

2,0

00,0

00,0

00

- -

- -

- 2

,000

,000

,000

0

.2

0.2

(0

.0)

vk;gPv];vy; njhF

jpf;fld;

162

,500

,000

-

- -

- -

162

,500

,000

0

.0

0.0

(0

.0)

gpVgPrp njhF

jpf;fld;

- 2

50,0

00,0

00

- -

- -

250

,000

,000

0

.0

- 0

.0

rk;gj; ghq;f; njhF

jpf;fld;

- 1

4,43

0,00

0 -

- -

- 1

4,43

0,00

0 0

.0

- 0

.0

Jiz nkhj;jk;

6,1

52,5

00,0

00

264

,430

,000

.00

1,1

00,0

00,0

00

- -

5,3

16,9

30,0

00

0.5

0

.6

(0.1

)

(i) ePz;l fhy

KjyPl;bd; mirT

23. K

jyPl;bd; mirT

(&gh.)

152


Copah; Nrk epjpak;

2012 jpnrk;gH 31,y; cs;sht

hwhd

KjyPl;L $w;Wf;fhd

Fwpg;Gfs; (njhlh;r;rp...)

ii FWq;fhy

KjyPl;bd; mirT

(&gh)

KjyPl;bd; tif tPjk;

Muk;g epYit

KjyPL

Kjph;r;rp

tpw;gid

khw;wy;fs;

gjptopg;G

,Wjp kPjp

2012

2011

khw;wk; ¾


73,

086,

911,

313

5,0

18,1

55,5

87

- 1

5,80

0,23

2,38

7 3

76,7

67,0

00

(8,0

84,3

03,4

30)

54,

597,

298,

083

5.1

7

.4

(2.3

)gl;bayplg;glhj chpik %yjdk;

4,4

80,6

25,0

00

- -

- -

- 4

,480

,625

,000

0

.4

0.5

(0

.0)

<l;bdhy

; cj;jut

hjg;gLj;jg;gl;l

gpizaq;fs;

500

,000

,000

-

- -

- -

500

,000

,000

0

.0

0.1

(0

.0)

ek;gpf;ifr; rhd

;wpjo;

2,5

85,2

46,5

04

1,2

70,0

00,0

00

1,9

72,7

85,7

25

- -

282

,462

,262

2

,164

,923

,041

0

.2

0.3

(0

.1)

nkhj;j ePz;lfhy

KjyPLfs;

981

,337

,087

,512

2

70,0

96,5

33,2

52

176

,637

,235

,725

19

,202

,864

,444

3,

247,

405,

644

11,

690,

765,

700

1,0

70,5

31,6

91,9

39

100

.0

100

.0

(0.0

)

6.50

540,

753,

000

- -

-

(499

,155

,600

)

(41,

597,

400)

- -

8.2

(8.2

)jpiwNrhp Kwpfs;

11

.75

2,

600,

001,

990

- -

- (2

,371

,483

,044

) (2

28,5

18,9

46)

- -

39.

2 (3

9.2) -

Jiz nkhj;jk;

3,1

40,7

54,9

90

- -

- (2

,870

,638

,644

) (2

70,1

16,3

46)

- -

47.

4 (4

7.4)

jpiwNrhp cz;bay;

- 4

0,45

8,18

6,48

5 9

,879

,200

,000

-

-

1

,178

,685

,268

31,

757,

671,

753

90.

7 -

90.

7 gl;bayplg;gl;l chpik %yjdk;

686

,417

,096

5

4,10

8,59

8 -

43,

214,

673

(118

,831

,951

) (4

30,8

75,5

98)

147

,603

,472

0

.4

10.

4 (9

.9)

Neh;khw;W kPs;nfhs

;tdT

2,8

02,1

00,0

00

683

,598

,574

,000

6

83,2

93,7

74,0

00

- -

- 3

,106

,900

,000

8

.9

42.

3 (3

3.4)

khw;wy;fs;

376,

767,

000

nkhj;j FWfpa fhy

KjyPLfs;

6,6

29,2

72,0

86

724

,110

,869

,083

6

93,1

72,9

74,0

00

43,

214,

673

(2,9

89,4

70,5

95)

477

,693

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3

5,01

2,17

5,22

5 1

00.0

10

0.0

0.0

KjyPl;bd; tif tPjk; Muk;gepYit KjyPL Kjph;r;rp tpw;gid khw;wy;fs; gj

ptspg;G

/re;ij t

piy

,

Wjp kPjp

2012

%

2011 %

khw;wk;

Fwpf;fg;gl;l

,yhgk; /

(el;lk

;)

KO nkhj;jk;

987,

966,

359,

598

9

94,2

07,4

02,3

34

869

,810

,209

,725

1

9,24

6,07

9,11

7

(25

7,93

5,04

9)

12,

168,

459,

024

1

,105

,543

,867

,164

153


Copah; Nrk epjpak;

KjyPl;Lf; $w;Wf;fhd

Fwpg;Gfs;

KjyPl;bd; tif

KjpHr;rp

epHzapf;fg;

glhj

nkhj;jk;

tPjk;

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2026

2032

jpiwNrhp Kwpfs;

5.3

5 58

,209

5

8,20

9

5.6

5 3

,000

3

,000

5.8

0 4

4,16

4 4

4,16

4

6.2

0 1

1,92

9

64,3

20

76,

249

6.4

0 3

4,97

4 3

4,97

4

6.5

0 1

9,08

1 1

9,08

1

6.6

0 6

2,44

7 6

2,44

7

6.7

5 4

,746

4

,746

7.0

0 2

1,07

4 5

5,30

9 7

6,38

3

7.2

5 3

5,73

5 3

5,73

5

7.5

0 6

4,92

0 4

3,49

2 1

08,4

12

8.0

0 1

6,48

9 3

2,28

1 2

,000

12

,257

9

,225

47

,419

6

0,09

9 1

79,7

70

8.5

0 5

6,71

6 2

,000

8

4,74

0 75

,078

2

18,5

34

9.0

0 2

,000

2

,000

10.

50

34,

525

34,

525

11.

00

44,

444

44,

444

11.

25

11,

395

11,

395

11.

50

27,

752

27,

752

11.

75

31,

407

30,

120

61,

526

13.

50

14,

014

14,

014

Jiz nkhj;jk;

202

,673

1

28,3

23

107

,574

8

7,19

8 7

6,44

5 1

30,2

32

90,3

35

73

,545

-

47,4

19

55,

309

58,2

09

60,

099

-

1,1

17,3

60

24. 2012 jpnrk;gH 31,y; cs;sthW

nrhj;Jg;gl;baypd; KjpHr;rpf; fl;likg;gpd; tifg;gLj;jy;

(&gh.kpy;.)

154


Copah; Nrk epjpak;

KjyPl;Lf; $w;Wf;fhd

Fwpg;Gfs;

KjpHr;rp

epHzapf;fg;

glhj

KjyPl;bd; tif

tPjk;

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2026

2032

nkhj;jk;

,yq;if &gha; fld;

9.5

0 1

9,60

0 1

9,60

0

11.

00

3,5

00

3,5

00

Jiz nkhj;jk;

- -

23,

100

- -

- -

- -

-

-

-

-

23,

100

fk;gdpj;

njhF

jpf;fld;fs;

vr;bvt;rp ghq;f;

njhF

jpf;fld;

195

1

95

v];vk;IgP ghq;f;

njhF

jpf;fld;

195

1

95

rk;gj; ghq;f;

njhF

jpf;fld;

14

14

,yq;if tq;fp

300

3

00

,yq;if tq;fp

200

2

00

yq;fh xwpf;]; yPrpq;

fk;gdp gpvy;rp

500

5

00

vd;hpgP njhF

jpf;fld;

1,0

00

1,0

00

bvt;rprp tHjd ghq;f;

njhF

jpf;fld;

500

5

00

vr;vd;gP njhF

jpf;fld;

2,0

00

2,0

00

vk;gPv];vy;

163

1

63

gpVgPrp itg;Gr; rhd

;wpjo;

Jiz nkhj;jk;

300

163

200

1,50

0

250

264

--

390

2,00

0-

--

-

250

5,31

7



(&gh)

155


Copah; Nrk epjpak;

KjyPl;Lf; $w;Wf;fhd

Fwpg;Gfs;

KjyPl;bd; tif

Mat

urity

InepHzapf;fg;

glhj

tPjk;

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2026

2032

nkhj;jk;

jpiwNrhp cz;bay;fs;

33,

410

33,

410

<l;bdhy

;

cj;jut

hjg;gLj;jg;gl;l

gpizaq;fs;

500

5

00

ek;gpf;ifr; rhd

;wpjo;fs

1,3

70

763

3

60

2,4

93

gl;bayplg;gl;l chpik

%yjdk;

54,7

45

54,

745

gl;bayplg;glhj chpik

%yjdk;

4,4

81

4,4

81

Neh;khw;W kPs;nfhs

;tdT

3,1

07

3,1

07

KO nkhj;jk;

240

,860

1

29,2

49

131

,734

8

8,69

8 7

6,70

9 1

30,2

32

90,3

35

74,

435

2,0

00

47,

419

55,

309

58,

209

60,

099

59,2

26

1,2

44,5

13



(&gh)

156


Kd;ida ,yq;if fzf;fPl;L epakj;jpd; (,yq;if fzf;fPl;L epakk;) gbahd nkhj;jj; Njwpa nrhj;Jf;fs; 1,020,071,750,739

$l;Lf:

,.f.

epakj;jpd;gb (m)

,.ep.m.

epakj;jpd;gb (M) NtWghL (M-m)

KjyPl;Lr; nrhj;Jg;gl;bay ;

&ghf; fld; 23,100,000,000 23,100,000,000 -

jpiwNrhp Kwpfs; 874,572,559,685 874,572,559,685 -

jpiwNrhp cz;bay;fs; - - -

NeHkhw;W kPs;nfhs;tdT 2,802,100,000 2,802,100,000 -

fk;gdpj; njhFjpf;fld; 6,152,500,000 6,152,500,000 -

<l;bdhy; cj;juthjg;gLj;jg;gl;l gpizaq;fs; 500,000,000 500,000,000 -

ek;gpf;ifr; rhd;wpjo; 2,585,246,504 2,585,246,504 -

gl;bayplg;gl;l chpik %yjdk; 73,773,328,408 71,405,897,425 (2,367,430,983)

gl;bayplg;glhj chpik %yjdk; 4,480,625,000 4,480,625,000 -

nkhj;jk; 987,966,359,597 985,598,928,614 (2,367,430,983)

Gjpa ,yq;if fzf;fPl;L epakj;jpd; (,yq;if epjpapay; mwpf;ifaply; epakk;) gb nkhj;jj; Njwpa

nrhj;Jf;fs; 1,017,704,319,756

Gjpa ,yq;if fzf;fPl;L epakj;jpd; (,yq;if epjpapay; mwpf;ifaply; epakk;) gb nkhj;jj; Njwpa nrhj;Jf;fs; 1,020,071,750,739

$l;Lf:

,.f. epakj;jpd;gb (m)

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epakj;jpd;gb (M) NtWghL (M-m)

xJf;fk;

fl;ll xJf;f epjpak; 3,157,000,000 3,157,000,000 -

njhopy;El;g Nkk;ghl;L xJf;f epjpak; 350,000,000 350,000,000 -

,yhg rkepiyg;gLj;jy; xJf;f epjpak; 23,500,000,000 23,500,000,000 -

nghJ xJf;f epjpak; 6,650,000,000 6,650,000,000 -

KjyPl;L kPs;kjpg;gPl;L xJf;fk; (2,367,430,983) (2,367,430,983)

nkhj;jk; 33,657,000,000 31,289,569,017 (2,367,430,983)

Gjpa ,yq;if fzf;fPl;L epakj;jpd; (,yq;if epjpapay; mwpf;ifaply; epakk;) gbahd epjpak; kw;Wk;

eilKiway;yhg; nghWg;Gf;fspd; Njwpa ngWkjp 1,017,704,319,756

Ie;njhifapd; nrhj;Jg; gf;fk;

Ie;njhifapd; nghWg;Gg; gf;fk;

(&gh)

(&gh)

25. 2011 jpnrk;gH 31,y; cs;sthwhd ,yq;if fzf;fPl;L epakk; kw;Wk; ,yq;if

epjpapay; mwpf;ifaply; epakq;fspd; fPo; epjpapay; epiyikia kPspzf;fg;gLj;jy;

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copah; nrk epjpak; - employees' provident fund, … nrk epjpak; mz;lwpf;if - 2012 gf;fk; gfjp 1...

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