I

Ji

"

Corporal

Anthony,

Mazzolla 'I

. .."

Here's the message from a•

brother on the fighting front tohis brother on the productiQn.front •

. .

• FOR three years Tony Mazzolla worked in the mines of Butte, But on July 14, 1941, Tonywas drafted, so he had to leave the St. Lawrence mine and report to Uncfe Sam. He's withthe Engineers' Division and now he's building bridges, air landings, and doing all kinds of •construction work-except when the Japs appearon the scene and the boys call a halt toconstruction work and take care of the Japs.

Tony was with the first Company to set foot in Australia after Pearl Harbor. Thatwas in January, 1942. For seven months he helped Uncle Sam in Australia and then he'was sent on to New Guinea. Twenty-two months he has spent fighting the Japs. Nobodycan fool Tony about their treachery. He knows, for he's learned the hard way. He knowsthat the Japs are not afraid to expend their equipment. If they think it will take ten shipsto accomplish a mission, they will send twice as many. If they decide they will needtwenty planes to gain an objective they will send one hundred. That is what our forces ~are up against. Tony knows that only by giving our men an overwhelming superiority ofweapons and supplies can we hope to crush Jap recklessness and tenacity without fearfulloss of American lives. 'Tony and the other. boys who have met the Japs in all their brutal-ity at close range cannot understand American optimism about an early defeat of Japan.They know that victory will be costly in men and materials and bitterly hard won. Heknows the need of copper and other vital wa r materials-i--knows that the war can't bewon without them. '

When Tony wrote the following advice to his brother, Joe, who works in the Butte ,. •mines, he wasn't fooling: ~

\.

'.

/"There isn't "_'uch I can say that I'd like to say as mail is censored. But I can tell you

one thing. If you stay in the copper mines you are doing as much for your cou1ntry as I am.I

So take my advice-because I know. I have seen a lot since I've been in the Army.". 1.2. NOVEMBER 12, 1943

•

r

Men on sheets waiting to go underground at the Tramway Mine with repaired batteries for the underground locomotives.

"t

COPPER COMMANDO is the officialnewspaper of the Victory Labor-Manage-ment Production Committees of the Ana-conda Copper Mining Company and itsUnion Representatives at Butte, Ana-conda, East Helena and Creat Falls, Mon-tana. It is issued every two weeks ..••COPPER COM MAN DO is headed by ajoint committee from Labor and Manage-ment, its policies are shaped by both sidesand are dictated by neither .••• COPPERCOMMANDO was established at therecommendation of the War Departmentw"'h the concurrence of the War Produc-tion Board. Its editors are Bob Newcomband Marg Sammons; its safety editor isJohn L. Boardman; its staff photographeris Les Bishop .••• Its Editorial Board con-sists of: Denis McCarthy, CIO; John F.Bird, AFL; Ed Renouard, ACM, fromButte; Dan Byrne, CIO; Joe Marick, AFL;C. A. Lemmon, ACM, from Anaconda;Jack Clark, CIO; Herb Donaldson, AFL,and E. S. Bardwell, ACM, from Great

I Falls. • • • COPPER COMMANDO ismailed ~ the home of every employe ofACM in the four locations--if you arenot receiving your copy advise COPPERCOMMANDO at 112 Hamilton Street,Butte, or, better still, drop in and tell us.This is Vol. 2, No.6.

NOVEMBER 12, 1943

In Tliis IssueCORPORAL ANTHONY MAZZOLLA __2Tony Mazzolla worked in the mines ofButte up until July, 1941. But for thelast twenty-two months Tony has been inAustralia and New Guinea. He has thescore straight. He knows the brutalityof the Japs. He also knows the urgentneed of copper and other metals. So--he advises his brother to stay in themines.

KEEP INC THE ORE ROLLlNC 4It requires batteries to furnish the powerif the underground locomotives are keptrolling loaded with the vital ore to beconverted into ammunition for the boysfighting for us. Here's how the boys inthe Main Battery Room of the ButteMines' Electric Shop keep the batteriesin tip-top condition.

ANACONDA COMMITTEE 6The boys on the Labor-ManagementCommittee at Anaconda are doing a finejob in tackling production problems. TheCIO, AFL and ACM representatives sitdown and figure out solutions. Wethought you would like to see them atwork and know who's who on the various'committees. The front cover shows thecommittee in session.

CEORCE POTTER .--------~------- --.. -8.George Potter is an old-timer in the Geo-logical Department in Butte and can tellsome mighty interesting tales of the earlydays in Montana. But he'll tell you noneof them matters-there is only one thingwhich does matter and that is to win thiswar. His son, George, Jr., has been aprisoner of the Japs since the bombing ofWake Island.

PLATTE,R CHATTER .- --- -.. -.. -.--9.Mr. and Mrs. Henry Reed and their twochildren, Freddie and Joan, were recentlychosen by the Saturday Evening Post intheir story on Butte as the typical miner'sfamily. We asked Mrs. Reed what shefed them-and how she managed redpoints. She gave us some tips we hadnever thought of in extending butter.

TO LOOK LIKE NEW . __ _.__10The boys working in the Paint Shop atGreat Falls believe in cleanliness: A newpaint job really helps in keeping a place'clean and besides we all take pride whenthere is still the smell of fresh paintabout. It builds morale and morale af-fects the production of necessary warmaterials. So--to make it look like newhelps Uncle Sam, too.

• 3 •

,

Keeping theOre BollingThe Main Battery Room of the BuHeMines' Electric Shop keeps the baHeriesin repair. The batteries furftish the powerfor the, underground locomotives-andthe locomotives keep the ore roUing.

•IF the mucked-out ore in the Butte'mines is to help the boys on the Firingline, it must-be kept rolling. Th~ under- ~ground locomotives take care of that andthe storage batteries furnish the powerwith which to do it. So let's take a lookat the Main Battery Room of the ButteMines' Electric Shop and see how theboys keep the underground locomotivessupplied with power:

In the upper picture you can get agood idea of just what the Main BatteryRoom looks-like. The Shop has been un-der construction for the past year andthere are still a lot of things to be done.For instance. in the center picture Den-nis O'Connell and Joe Thompson are justcompleting the switchboard. Dennis hadbeen working on the panel shown in thelower right next page picture and Joecame to look it over after it was finished.The wires on the floor in the upper pic-ture connect with this switchboardwhich furnishes the power for charging.and is also a means of discharging. thebatteries when they are brought in forrepair.

Fifteen trays of eight cells each areused for each locomotive. In order tokeep the trays in the right rotation whilethey are in the Shop and afterwartJs inthe locomotive, numbers from one to fif-teen are stamped on the end of the trays.In the upper left shot next page BiII Rayis stamping on the numbers.

Harry Dunstan to the left in the up-per picture is connecting the cells to-gether so they can be charged. The traysmust be connected with the cell connect-ers. That'saccomplished by slipping theend of the terminal of the wire connect-ers over the terminal of the cells. Usuallytwo or more batteries are brought in eachday for repair, but there are twenty orthirty battery sets on hand. for the bat-teries are in the Shop for at least a week.Walter Cannon and Hugo Salvail in theupper picture are taking the meter read-ing on the cells to see how they are re-sponding to the cycling (that's the charg-ing and discharging of the batteries)..4. NOVEMBER 12, 1943

..

Will Wilds is dipping the battery withthe help of a crane in the 'paint tank toprotect it against underground corrosion.

That's Bill Ray and Hugo Salvailcleaning a battery with steam and hotwater on the opposite page lower picture.The batteries must be dried thoroughlybefore they are dipped in paint. It usuallytakes about twelve hours. The batteries onthe floor are to be cleaned and the one inthe middle has been dipped in paint andis draining. An asphalt base paint is usedto prevent corrosion. After the surpluspaint has dripped off, the electric cranemoves it to a bench to dry. The pipesshown in the picture are used for refillingthe batteries with electrolite, a potashsolution. It's the medium through which

-

NOVEMBER 12. 1943

the current flows in the battery.The lower left shot is a closeup of

Harry Dunstan raising a battery. freshlydipped in paint. .

In the upper right picture WalterCannon is repairing an ampere-hourmeter used for controlling the amount ofcharge in a battery on the locomotive.There are about three hundred locomo-tives and each has a meter. It is not al-ways necessary to send the meter in forrepair at the same time as the batteriesare sent in, but they average about one aday coming into the Shop for repair.Neither is it necessary to send the bat-teries into the Shop each and every timethey need charging or discharging. Thebatteries can be charged underground.

which saves a lot of time, but when theyare in need of repair they are sent to theShop. Dirty cells may fail and then, too.sometimes they are worn out and if thelocomotives underground aren't kept intip-top shape the vital ore isn't kepfmoving.

Everyone knows how important it isto have your car battery in A-l condition.and just the same as your car battery isneeded so are these locomotive batteriesneeded to furnish power underground.The boys in the Shop do a fine job inoverhauling the batteries and thus keep-ing the locomotives carrying the neededore along its way toward conversion intoammunition for the boys defending your.Country and my Country.

.5.

ANA(;ONDA~SLABOR-

MANAGEMENT(;OMMITTEE

THE Victory Labor-Manageme~t Pro-duction Committee of the Anaconda Re-duction Department is playing an import-ant part in the production of copper,zinc, manganese, vanadium and phos-phate to aid the war effort. Over thirty-five different departments of the plant,.each with different processes and differ-ent equipment, are under their watchfuleye. This wide variety of lines of workwith their different problems makes thework of the Committee somewhat com-plicated at times but always very inter-esting. However, when this committeebuckles down to work, they get lots ofaction.

We are proud to introduce you .tothe various committees at the Smelter atAnaconda. In the upper left picture O.P. McNally, CIO, and W. A. Emanuel,ACM, are discussing transportation prob-lems. At present they are making a sur-vey of the men driving cars to work sothat a program for car pooling can be putinto effect. That's part of the work ofthe Transportation Committee, of whichMr. McNally is chairman .

•6. NOVEMBER 12, 1943

I

M. L. McDermott, AFL, chairman,and S. S. Rodgers, ACM, are discussingawards to be made to three workers atthe Smelter for suggestions submitted tothe Suggestion Committee in the oppositepage center left picture. In the oppositepage lo~er left J. S. Marick, AFL chair-man, and S. A. McCallum, AFL, are talk-ing over a future salvage program for theSalvage Committee. The Publ icity Com-mittee is arranging for more posters forthe bulletin boards in the upper rightshot, showing S. A. McCallum, AFLchairman, and L. E. Larsen,~ACM. Mem- .bers R. J. Daniels, AFL chairman, and J.J. Donovan, Cia, of the Bond and WarFund Drive Committees, are shown inthe center right picture. The Absentee-ism Committee in the lower right pic-tures H. J. Maguire and W. J. Dooley.

That's Dorothy Anderson takingdown the minutes of the meeting in thelower right opposite page. The other pic-tures, as well as those on the front cover,give a good idea of the seriousness withwhich these members tackle productionproblems at their meetings the last Thurs-day of each month at ten A. M. E. A.Barnard, ACM, is chairman and C. F.McLean, CtO,' is secretary at the meet-ings. The center front cover pictureshows them at the head of the table withWallace Smith, ACM. and W. E. Mitch-ell. ACM. General Manager, to their left.

NOVEMBER 12. 1943 .7.

A TTACK. Counter-attack. Attack.Another ridge. Another valley. Anothertown. All sense of time gone. They getweary. They smell death. But they keepgoing. That's invasion. That's whathappens when the scene changes andthey are on the offensive instead of thedefensive. There's no let-up. There can-not-there must not be-if this war isto be won. More men-more machines.A new front. That's the life of ourAmerican soldiers today. Or maybethey're crouched in a foxhole-waiting-waiting for the signal. Attack!

But what about us? And what arewe doing at home? Is it attack, counter-attack, attack for us on the home front?Are we fighting a battle here to furnishthe boys with the materials of war whichthey need so desperately-more thanever before?

Let's not kid ourselves about this.We've been feeling pretty good lately .••With the hopeful headlines from time totime from our fightin~onts. With thatnice CrDP of callouses we raised out in ourVictory garden. And with the car in thegarage while we walk a couple of blocksto save gasoline. And not grumbling toomuc,h ahout rationing. We've gottensmug again. We have the war won. Wecan let down and take it easy again.That's what we think!

Don't fool yourself! This war is farfrom won. There isn't any likelihood ofan early collapse of either Cermany orJapan. The number of workers employedin war industries in Nazi-occupied terri-tories has risen from twenty-three mil-lion at the start of the war to a presenttotal of thirty-five million, and the weap-ons they are making are in some casesbetter than any which the United Nationshave. One of their weapons, a rocketgun, weighs less than 1,800 pounds; yetit has a fire power equal to six heavy fieldhowitzers weighing nine tons apiece.That means we must furnish six to theirone and use a lot more metal in makingthem. And we think that we can relax!

Let's get over our over-confidenceand get ready for the attack-along withthe boys on the firing .line. We knowthere is one way we can be a partner tohim in the attack and that's by furnish-ing the copper and other vital metals.Let's do our part in the attack..8.

.People .~' PlacesTHERE'S another reason for GeorgePotter, shown in the picture below,staying on the job in the GeologicalDepartment at Butte. George has a son,George H ... [r., a Major in the Marines,who was sent to Wake island just priorto Pearl Harbor bombing. When WakeIsland was bombed, his son was cap-tured and has been a prisoner of thelaps ever since. George has had no com-munication from his son since he's beena prisoner but there' one thing sure andthat is that he is going to do everythingin his power to furnish the ammunitionwith which we can force the Japs to re-lease our men taken prisoners.

George was seventy-five years oldAugust 23. and the boys in the Geologi-cal and Sampling couldn't miss that op-portunity-to show their sincere affectionfor him. The celebration took the formof a picnic, at the Reservoir. They pre-sented him with a sweater coat andcigars which they all proceeded tosmoke, but George is the kind of a fel-low who insists on things like that.

It was in 1894 that George fi rststarted to work in the Engineering De-partment with August Christian, whowas chief engineer then. Two yearslater, however, George left the employof the A. C. M. Later he was U. S. DeputyMineral Surveyor. At that time the jobwas an appointment from 4 Washington.Now they have discontinued this particu-lar post. After this appointment fromWashington, he had his own surveyoffice in Virginia City. George Said: "Itwas never necessary for me to play golfor look for exercise. I got plenty of itin making surveys throughout the state."

George was asked to be a drafts-man in the Geological Department in1915' and has been there ever since for,as he says: "I n all my experience from

my earliest to the present, I've never met, a finer bunch of fellows than the boysin the Geological and Sampling Depart-ments. "A REPORT ON A BUTTE BOY

This account of Corporal JamesPowers Was sent into the Commando of-fice by Gifford C. Loomer, Second Lieu-tenant, USMCR: "Perhaps this should beentitled, 'From the Mines of Butte to theTropical Isles of the South Paciftc.' Atany rate it is, in brief, an account of anordinary, yet in many ways an extraor-.dinary, young American, who is simplydoing his part in the winning of the war.

"James Powers joined the U. S. Ma-rine Corps Reserve in July, 1942. Priorto that time he was in the employ of theAnaconda Copper Mining Company-and doing a good job, as evidenced by thefact that at the time of 'joining up' hewas about' to become the youngest fore-man in the mines. The experiences Jimhad while in his former job have donemuch in fitting him for service in theMarines. An example of this is the han-dling 'of explosives, which must, in anywar, occupy an important place.

"Jim recently had another stripeadded which makes him a corporal.Through his work in the reconnaissanceplatoon he has become one of our bestmap-makers in the battalion. His. workmay be characterized by a restlessnesscaused only by the fact that he wants toget 'in there' and do even more. His con-sistent good work and popularity as 'oneof the boys' and also as a leader of them.stand as proof of the fact that he is proudto be in the Service. The training Jim isgetting should prove a great help as hegoes back to our American way of life-after we straighten out a little matte-rwith Tojo's boys in the back room atTokyo!"

NOVEMBER 12, 1943

-.

TO·LOOI{LIKENEWTo make it look new is the ambition ofthe boys working in the Paint Shop atCreat Falls. Louis E. Jackson, foreman,and his gang believe in cleanliness. Theysay there's nothing like a new paint jobto help keep a place clean. A clean shopbuilds morale and that affects the pro-duction of necessary war materials.

NOT only do some of the shops anddepartments at the Great Falls ReductionWorks get a coat of paint each year, butall of them. In the picture above are,left to right, Bill Shaw, Bob Cunningham,Fred Larson, Bud Symhorst, Louie Jack-son, foreman, Karl Lukes, Ralph McVey,Charlie Kisselburg and Bill Dow. Theseare the men who keep the Hill lookingspick and span.

The two oldest pajnters, BiII Shawand Bill Dow, are in charge of the paintshop at the Zinc Plant. At eighty, BillShaw, an ex-Canadian Mountie, is stillon the job every morning on time. Hestays in the shop painting sash and that'sa full time job. Bill Dow still goes outon jobs.

NOVEMBER 12. 1943.

Of course, the summer time is thebusy season for painting. Last year threehundred and fifty gallons of paint wereused each month. It'll average for theyear around two hundred gallons permonth. They use a fume paint made oflinseed oil, tractor fuel. dryer and zincfume (zinc oxide). Then, of course,they add color to suit. The boys, just fin-ished painting the general office buildinginside and out. Three coats were givento the outside and in most cases threecoats on the inside, too.

Another job this summer was paint-ing the white line down the roads on theHill. It took thirty-five gallons of trafficpaint (they buy it already mixed) topaint that white line.

The boys in the Paint Shop will tellyou that they'd never be able to coverthe Hill in a year without the assi~tanceof the spray painters, who come underthe Carpenter Shop. All the large build-ings are spray painted with an air spray.There are air lines around all the shops,so they just plug in and blow down thedust first and then start spraying on thepaint. They spray it on in a hurry and getout-while the regular painter wouldtake days to do the job-and that woulddisrupt working conditions and mean aslowing down of production. They're alldoing their part in keeping up productionrecords by keeping things clean on theHill. .9.

WILSON ASKS FOR HELP!

H ••• it is urgent and important, andI need your help," declares Charles E.Wilson, executive vice-chairman of theWar Production board, in a message toall American workers •.

(

Here is his message to you:

"Benito Mussolini has been blastedfrom his balcony in Rome. That was yourdoing, for the most powerful of all theweapons which brought him low, the onewhich neither he nor Hitler nor Tojo canovercome, is the magnificent productivemachine which is the sole responsibilityof you at home.

"You who are the soldiers of pro-duction in' America have performed analmost impossible job in your mines andmills, along your railroads and sea lanes,and on your farms.

"But you do not know your ownpower!

"The biggest job still lies ahead andthe blows that' we strike in the comingmonths must be harder and more savage,our push more relentless.

"With one enemy down and two 'togo we cannot pull up or slacken our pace.The time that fights on our side is notwaiting time-it is time crammed withshattering, bone-cracking action.

"We are invading the Fortress ofEurope, and we are going to invade the.Fortress of Japa ..!

"My message is not one of praise,alflhough you who are laboring aroundthe clock to win this battle richly deserveit. There will be time enough for thatlater.

"We. have millions of men now onthe figh'ting fronts. It has cost us muchin lives and blood and toil to put themthere.

"If we want them to be where theyshould be to do the most geed, if we in-tend to smash the Axis on schedule, youat home must next winter be turning out40 per -eent more combat munitions thanyou are now. In 1944 you must deliver24 per cent more than we expect to de-liver in 1943. These are vital statistics.not propaganda.

"Your fingerprints are on the weap-ons our fighting men operate in everytheater of war.

"I ask you to work harder, to findbetter ways to do each job, to avoid ill-ness and accidents and excessive fatigue.Stick to your posts and get out the goods.

"The parts and materials that passedthrough your hands mo,\!hs ago havegone on long journeys-to Guadalcanaland Africa and Sicily. The men who usethem are proud of you. They are on themarch and they depend on you.

"Don't let them down!"

.10.

I

M R. AND MRS, Henry Reed and theirtwo children, Freddie and Joan, picturedbelow, were recently chosen by the Sat-urday Evening Post in their story on Butteas the typical miner's family. When weread that, we decided that it was hightime we consulted Mrs. Reed to find outjust what and how she fed her family,for after all they are a fine, healthy look-ing group.

Since Henry works at the TramwayMine it is necessary for Catherine to fixa lunch bucket. One of the first thingsshe told us was this: "Always rememberto use more salt on food to be eaten un-derground, for the men require addition-al salt because of the loss of salt to theirsystems through perspiring. Butter,spread evenly from crust to crust, addsflavor and food value to a sandwich, Butbutter is scarce now, so I use butter ex-tenders. J have two recipes for butterextenders. One requi res two teaspoonsof unflavored gelatine, two tablespoons

\of cold water, one-half pound of butter,one-half teaspoon of salt and one cup ofevaporated milk. First I soften the. gela-tine in water and dissolve it over hotwater; then cut the butter in small piecesand let it stand until it is room tempera-ture; add the dissolved gelatine and saltto the milk; whip the milk gradually intothe butter with a rotary beater or an elec-tric mixer until the milk does not sepa-rate; add coloring if desired and pack intoa container and chill in refrigerator. Fora full pound of butter use one package ofKnox gelatine and one teaspoon of saltand one large can of evaporated milk, An-other recipe for extending butter, if youhappen to be out of gelatine, is to cut up

one pound of butter in a large bowl. Keepat room temperature to soften, but notmelt. Heat to lukewarm one large canof evaporated milk and add one teaspoonof salt. Add salt mixture to butter andbeat with a wooden spoon until milk andbutter are well blended. Shape by handor press in mold and chill.

"Another thing I do to make butterstretch is to mix it ahead of time withsandwich filling. Two-thirds less butteris used by this method than when spreadin separate layers: Let ingredients standat room temperature until softened, butnot melted. Mix in large bowl withwooden spoon unti I well creamed. Spreadon bread. Left-over butter may be storedin the refrigerator to use later for hotbreads, toast, muffins, or pancakes. Hereare the proportions to go by: One-fourthcup of butter to one-half cup of honey.This makes 'a spread for fourteen to six-teen slices of bread. One-fourth cup ofbutter to one-half cup of jelly will makea spread for fourteen to sixteen slices ofbread. One-fourth cup of butter to one-half cup of peanut butter wi II spreadfourteen or so sandwiches. One-fourthcup of butter to one-half cup apple but- 'ter wi II spread from twelve to fourteenslices of bread. Then I use various kindsof fiflings for the sandwiches. We par-ticularly like cheese in the sandwich ifwe have a sweet mix with the butter.For a meat filling, I use one-fourth cupof butter and one and one-half table-spoons of prepared yellow mustard. Thismakes a spread for eight to ten sl ices ofbread. Then, too, I combine mayonnaiseand sandwich spreads with butter andthey make perfect substitutes.

\

lJr

NOVEMBER 12, 1943

U. S. EMPLOYMENT SERVICE REPORTS

-,

Full utilization of Montana's dimin-ishing labor supply. as a maximum' con-tribution to war production and essen-tial activities, is the primary aim'of Mon-tana's revised employment stabilizationprogram, effective October 15, accordingto John J. Hanley, manager of the Butteoffice of the U. S. employment service.

"Representatives of labor and man-agement were consulted by the man-power officials in preparation of the re-.vised program, and uniform nationalstandards have been incorporated in thispian," 'said O. C. Lamport, state man-power director at Helena, in releasingcopies of the program to field offices,employers, and employee organizations.

"Stabilization plans of September,1942, and May, 1943, have been com-bined in this unified program, thusbringihg unity of action into the laborfreld as regards metal minin.g: lumberingand logging. Coal mining has now beenestablished on the same \ basis as acritically needed war production.

"I n a general sense," ManagerHanley states, "the new program is basedupon four inter-related purposes: First,elimination of labor turnover in essentialactivities; second, reduction of unneces-sary labor migration; third. direction ofscarce labor supply where most neededin the war program; and' fourth, maxi-mum utilization of manpower resources.All these point to the war productiongoal as the prime object of Montana'seffort. "

Stabilization provisions of the newprogram provide:

1. Hiring and firing controls, incritical spots.

2. Sixty-day waiting period for un-authorized separations.

3. Uninterrupted use existing hir-ing channels and aids. .

4. Restriction of solicitation amongemployed workers. '

5. Separations for workers withhigher critical skill or for full-time em-ployment.

6. Orderly transfer of workers asproduction needs require.

7. Under-paid workers may becleared to war jobs.

8. Release for men hired underimproper conditions.

9. Agriculture freed from mostemployment restrictions.... 1Q. State, County. City, and Sub-

division employment unrestrained.11. Appeal procedures for both

employer and employee.12. Protection for rights of indi-

viduals and organizations.13. Penalties and corrective meas-

•

ures.14. Uniformity with other states.In the mining and lumbering in-

dustries a new availability statement isused, but the employee going into, leav-ing, or transferring within the industrymust have approval of the employmentservice. In other industries the em-

NOVEMBER 12. 1943

plover's release is valid for new employ-ment, in essential industry.

Farm restrictions have been re-moved in the new plan, and no state-ment of availabiljty is required of a mangoing into or transferring within agri-cultural employment. Upon leaving agri-culture, however, the worker must haveapproval of the employment service anda further safeguard of consultation witha representative of the War Food Ad-ministration.

Domestic help, is I~kewise outsidethe operation of the stabi Iizationpolicies. The employees of state, county,city and school district may also moveinto industry or back into public employ-ment without availability statements.

Rights of employers and of .em-ployees to appeal from any decision, ac-tion, or failure to act on the part of the

. employment service are definitely pro-tected. Local Labor-Management com-mittees will review the grievance andmay direct reversal or approval. .

Copies of the new stabllization pro-gram are being furnished all employersand employee organizations in Montana,Mr. Hanley states. Already the simpli-fied procedures, short-cuts, and stream-lining of the new plan have won ap-proval of management and labor.

CASOLINE NEEDS

.In the fi rst 12 months of the war,the quantity of petroleum and petroleumproducts sent to our troops was morethan 80 times that shipped in the first 12months of the last World war. Insteadof horses, mules. and forage, our armedforces now use' trucks, tractors, bull-dozers. gasoline and oil.

-In TunIsia, for example, 18.000 gal-lons of gasoline were consumed for everyhour each mechanized division, was onthe move.

On a very active day in North Africa,the Allied Air Forces alone required1.500,000 gallons of high octane gaso-line. In one such day. these air forcesconsumed enough high octane gas to op-erate 45,000 car clubs for a year. A sin-gle mechanized division required enoughgasoline to run 52 average car clubs fora year.

Wherever U. S. troops Ft0' supplyforces, trucks, and gasoline can be count-ed on to do a job. Still, military aircrafthave sometimes not only been forceddown because they have run out of gas,but on the other hand. have been unableto take off for the same reason. Tankshave been abandoned after unsuccessfulattempts have been made to obtain fuelfrom other vehicles; jeeps and valuablearmaments have been left behind for thesame reason.

As bases are taken over from theenemy, and new bases are built the,spread of gasoline supplies must begreater to avoid unnecessary risks occa-sioned by lack of refueling points, gaso-line must be available in as many placesand in as great a reserve as possible.

DEEttSKINS FORWARBecause deerskins are urgently

needed for war purposes, the War-Pro-duction Board and the Fish and WildlifeService of the Department of the Interiorhave made an appeal to deer hunters toturn all deer hides obtained this seasonint-o commercial channels for the manu-facture of military equipment.

Deer hides furnish the necessaryleathers to make gloves and mukluks forcold climate use. These are needed bythe armed forces. It is important thatthe fullest use be made of the domesticsupply of deer hides since present condi-tions have interrupted the flow of foreigndeerskins which came from many out-of-the-way ports of the world.

GARBACE PAILSHousewives can do as much as farm-

ers to make America's food supply gofurther-by cutting down on waste, twosurveys indicate.

The Food Distribution Administra-tion estimates that 20 to 30 pounds of.every 100 of food is wasted. Not all ofthis is due to wastage-at home, but FDA.estimates that America's greatest sourceof extra food supply is the household gar-bage pai I, where 15 per cent of the foodthat comes into the kitchen is finallytossed:

A survey in New York disclosed that26.4 per cent of the garbage (analysesmade of 146 truck loads from which allrubbish had been removed) consisted ~f·vegetables. Wasted greens made up 23.4per cent. Baked goods (bread and cakes)accounted for 17.4 per cent.

FDA estimates that America throwsaway 3-5 of a pound of food per day forevery person. Most of this could besal-vaged for nutrition, according to thisagency.

Vegetables and greens are the foodshousewives are urged to watch carefully:beet tops, for instance, make up 22 percent of the weight of the bunch of beets,and contain almost as much nutrition asthe roots. Celery .leaves, jf not wantedimmediately for soups, can be dried forlater use.

GOOD WORK, BOYSRemember a couple of months ago

when we told you that Sal Pinto, phot-tographer for the Saturday Evening Post,was in Butte covering a story to be usedin the near future. The October 30thissue of the Post carried that story, "TheRichest Hill on Earth," by CharlesLanius, a former Montana boy. Sal reallydid his stuff with color photography inpicturing scenes around Butte and theconverter furnace and the refining fur-nace at Anaconda. We of the CopperCommando staff say to both Sal andCharles: "Thanks a million."

BUY CHRISTMAS SEALSProceeds from the Annual Christ-

mas Seal Sale now .being conducted aredevoted to the maintenance of your treeJuberculosis Clinic in the Courthouse.

.11.

MOP UP UNIT-Two alert U. S. Marines stand beside theirsmall tank which helped blast the Japanese in the battle of theTenaru River during the early stages of fighting on Guadalcanal

in the Solomon Islands. These well-manned. sturdy machinesreadily mopped up strong points of enemy resistance. (Metalsproduced by you are needed for those tanks.>

, .

A Marine gunner is prepared to give a hot reception to any pos-sible Japanese sky raiders as he mans a .50 calibre anti-aircraftgun, in his sandbagged emplacement at Cuadalcanal, Solomon

Islands. Th~ Leathernecks have found this weapon to be oneof the most effective means to blast enemy planes from theair. (These guns cannot be produced without your metals.),

• 12 • NOVEMBER 12, 1943