copyright © 2016 mcgraw-hill education. permission required for reproduction or display. chapter...

Copyright © 2016 McGraw-Hill Education. Permission required for reproduction or display.

CHAPTER

The Integumentary System - Dermatology

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Learning Outcomes

After studying this chapter, you will be able to:3.1 Identify the roots/word parts associated

with the integumentary system.3.2 Translate the Subjective terms

associated with the integumentary system.3.3 Translate the Objective terms associated

with the integumentary system.3.4 Translate the Assessment terms

associated with the integumentary system.

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3.5 Translate the Plan terms associated with the integumentary system.

3.6 Use abbreviations associated with the integumentary system.

3.7 Distinguish terms associated with the integumentary system in the context of electronic health records.

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Learning Outcomes


Introduction and Overview of Dermatology

• Skin serves as protection to the body– First line defense from germs and irritants– First point of contact with its surroundings

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3.1 Word Parts of the Integumentary System

• The integumentary system is made up of:– Skin

• Epidermis• Dermis

– Hair– Nerves– Glands

• Sweat• Sebaceous

– Nails

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• Skin– Epidermis

• Made up of squamous cells– Dermis

• Made up of a few cells and many thick fibers • Strong and flexible• Contains hair follicles, nerves, and glands

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• Hair follicles– Functions:

• Hold the hair into the dermis• Nourish the hair

• Nerves– Detect pressure, temperature, and pain

• Glands– Sweat glands release sweat– Sebaceous glands release sebum (oil)

• Nails

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• fat– adip/o– lip/o– steat/o

• skin– cutane/o– derm/o– dermat/o

• hair– pil/o– trich/o

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• sweat– hidr/o

• nail– onych/o– ungu/o

• scale– squam/o

• oil– seb/o– sebace/o

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• Word parts associated with pathology– Unusual skin texture

• ichthyo-• kerato-• pachyo-• xero-• rhytido-

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• Word parts associated with pathology (cont.)– Unusual skin color

• leuko-• erythro-• xantho-• melano-

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1. keratoderma

2. onychocryptosis

3. rhytidoplasty

4. xeroderma

5. pachyderma

A. thick skin

B. hard skin

C. hidden nail

D. dry skin

E. surgical repair of wrinkles

Match each term on the left with the correct definition on the right.



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1. albinism

2. melanoma

3. leukotrichia

4. erythroderma

5. xanthopsia

A. unable see the color yellow

B. white hair

C. black-colored tumor

D. lack of skin pigment

E. redness of the skin

Match each term on the left with the correct definition on the right.



• Skin color is due to the amount of melanin produced

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3.2 Patient History, Problems, Complaints

• Subjective terms are those that the patient reports to the health care provider

• Common complaint in regard to the skin is a new rash– pruritus– seborrhea– xerosis– macerate– hyperhidrosis– anhidrosis

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• Subjective terms that describe a change from normal skin color– depigmentation– hypermelanosis

• Subjective terms associated with hair problems– alopecia– hypertrichosis

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• Some words cannot be broken into word parts– comedo– macerate– urticaria

• Break the medical term into smaller word parts to determine its meaning:– dermatalgia– dermatodynia– dermatolysis– hemathidrosis

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• Define each medical term:– xanthoderma

– rhytidermia

– onychophagia

– hypomelanosis

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3.3 Observation and Discovery

• Objective terms are used by the practitioner to describe what he or she detects

• The appearance of a rash will help the practitioner diagnose its cause

• Description of the rash includes:– Location– Size– Color– Texture– Filling of the rash (pustules)

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• Location of a rash– Localized vs. generalized– Spreading

• Centrifugal vs. centripetal

• Presence of bumps and their size– Papules <1cm– Nodules >1cm– Plaques are large and flat

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• Bumps that are filled with fluid:– Vesicles are <1 cm and filled with clear fluid– Bulla are >1 cm and filled with clear fluid– Pustules are filled with pus– Abscesses are large pustules

• Flat spots:– Freckles are small flat spots called macules– Large macules are called patches

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• Skin conditions caused by blood vessels:– Collection of blood vessels

• cherry angioma – raised• telangiectasia – flat

– Bruises• petechiae – small• ecchymosis – large

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• Diagnostic procedures– Skin biopsy

• excisional• shave• punch

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• Scar formations– cicatrix– keloid

• Epidermal tumors– nevus– dysplastic nevus– verucca

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• Diagnostic procedures– culture and sensitivity– biopsy (Bx)– excisional vs. incisional biopsy– dermatoscope– dermoscopy

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• Pathological findings– adipocele– dermatofibroma– erythrocyanosis– keratogenic

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• Pathological conditions of the nail (all have onych- as part of the word)– onycholysis– onychomalacia– onychopathy– onychophagia– onychocryptosis– paronychia

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3.4 Diagnosis and Pathology

• Assessment terms are those that describe the diagnosis of the condition

• Skin problems– Infections– Inflammations– Tumors – Changes in the skin

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• General skin changes– dermatosis– decubitus ulcer– dermopathy– eczema

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• General skin changes– Associated with hair:

• hypertrichosis• postpartum alopecia

– Associated with skin• atopic dermatitis• ichthyosis• sclerodermatitis• xanthosis

– Associated with nails• scleronychia

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• Tumors– malignant cutaneous neoplasms

• basal cell carcinoma• malignant melanoma• squamous cell carcinoma

– benign skin tumors• actinic keratosis• hidradenoma

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• Infections– Fungal infections

• mycosis• dermatomycosis• mycodermatitis• onychomycosis• trichomycosis

– Miscellaneous infections• acne vulgaris• impetigo• onychodystrophy

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• Inflammations– steatitis– dermatitis– actinic dermatitis– seborrheic dermatitis– dermatoconiosis

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3.5 Treatments and Therapies

• Plan terms explain how patients will be treated for their conditions

• Medications– Anti-infection or cleansing– Anti-immune– Anti-itch or allergy

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• Procedures to treat the integumentary system:– Chemicals – Vacuums– Cold– Lasers– Electricity– Surgery

• Mohs micrographic surgery• Skin grafting

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• General terms– epidermal– intradermal– hypodermic and subdermal– percutaneous and transdermal

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• Procedures– chemosurgery– cryosurgery– chemotherapy– dermabrasion– electrocauterization– electodesiccation– incision and drainage (I&D)

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• Procedures (cont.)– onychectomy– onychotomy– liposuction– lipectomy– rhytidoplasty

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1. heterograft

2. xenograft

3. homograft

4. autograft

A. graft from the same species

B. graft from another part of the patient’s body

C. graft from another species

Match each term on the left with the correct definition on the right. One definition is used twice.



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1. antipruritic

2. antibiotic

3. anesthetic

4. antiseptic

5. antihistamine

A. opposes effect of histamine

B. temporarily blocks sensation

C. opposes growth of microorganisms

D. prevents sepsis by killing organisms

E. prevents itching

Match each medication on the left with the correct definition on the right.


3.6 Abbreviations

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3.7 Electronic Health Records

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After studying this chapter, you should be able to:3.1 Identify the roots/word parts associated

with the integumentary system.3.2 Translate the Subjective terms

associated with the integumentary system.3.3 Translate the Objective terms associated

with the integumentary system.3.4 Translate the Assessment terms

associated with the integumentary system.

3-45

Chapter Summary: Learning Outcomes


Chapter Summary: Learning Outcomes

3.5 Translate the Plan terms associated with the integumentary system.

3.6 Use abbreviations associated with the integumentary system.

3.7 Distinguish terms associated with the integumentary system in the context of electronic health records.

3-46

copyright © 2016 mcgraw-hill education. permission required for reproduction or display. chapter...

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