copyright © by holt, rinehart and winston. all rights reserved. self-esteem and mental health...

Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.

Self-Esteem and Self-Esteem and Mental HealthMental Health

Chapter 3


1. I praise myself when I do a good job.2. I do what I know is right, even if others use pressure

to try to stop me from doing the right thing.3. I am confident enough to try new things, even if I

might fail at them.4. I ask people for help if I need it.5. I like to volunteer to help others when I can.6. I concentrate on my strengths and work to improve

my weaknesses.

How frequently do you engage in the following behaviors?

SCORING:1 = never

2 = occasionally3 = most of the time

4 = all of the time


Chapter 3Point Ranges:19 or more points: You show respect for

yourself and others and probably have high self-esteem.

10 - 18 points: You probably have a healthy self-esteem but could make

improvements in behavior to self and others.

9 points or less: You should be working hard to make improvements in

how they show respect for yourself and

others.


Self-Esteem and Self-Esteem and Mental HealthMental Health

ContentsSection 1 Building Your Self-EsteemSection 2 Using Good Communication SkillsSection 3 Mental and Emotional HealthSection 4 Understanding Mental Disorders

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Section 1Section 1

Building Your Self-EsteemBuilding Your Self-Esteem

Chapter 3 Self-Esteem and Mental Health


What is Self-Esteem?Self-esteem: how much you value, respect, and

feel confident about yourself.

Benefits of High Self Esteem:

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• respect for yourself• ability to reach goals• willingness to try new things• feel valued by others

Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem

Risks of Low Self Esteem:• Vulnerable to peer pressure• More likely to make unhealthy decisions• More likely to be critical of yourself and others• Increased risk of depression and suicide


Self-concept:

a measure of how you view yourself in society.

Chapter 3 Section 1 Building Your Self-Esteem


Your self-esteem affects the way you interpret “negative” messages from others….

•Try to view negative messages as constructive criticism.

•Your self-esteem does not have to suffer from the negative messages of others!

•You alone have the power to control your self-esteem and moods—don’t give others the power to control your self esteem! (Don’t let other people dictate your mood/feelings!!!)



Tips for Improving Your Self-Esteem:

• Use Positive Self-Talk (say positive messages to yourself when in doubt)

• Act with Integrity (doing what you know is right, regardless of the situation)

• Choose Supportive Friends (your friends should support your values and goals)

• Accept Yourself (focus on your strengths and let go of weaknesses that you cannot change)

• Take Care of Your Health (feeling good, physically, can help your self-esteem)



Section 2Section 2

Using GoodUsing Good

Communication SkillsCommunication Skills



Section 2 Using Good Communication Skills

Good Communication is Important

1. Prevents Misunderstandings (unclear communication can cause hurtful misunderstandings)

2. Building Healthy Relationships (communication is a tool for building good relationships)

3. Expressing Yourself (good communication skills help you let others know what you want and need…and this will help you get what you want out of your relationships)

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Communication Styles

1. Passive (does not speak up when challenged or pressured)

2. Aggressive (hostile and unfriendly)

3. Assertive (when you communicate assertively, you express yourself in a direct, but respectful way)

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Speaking Skills Can Improve Communication:

Voice Volume Speaking too loudly or too softly can send a bad message.

Tone and Pitch (conveys your attitude)

“I” Messages and “You” Messages An “I” message explains how you feel. A “you” message can seem like blame.

Empathy (the ability to understand another person’s feelings)

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Listening Skills Can Improve Communication

1. Active Listening• lets the speaker know you are listening and

clarifying anything confusing• ex: saying uh-huh, right, yes, I see, etc. while

listening

2. Paraphrasing• using your own words to restate what someone

else says• ex: “So what you’re saying is……….”

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Section 2 Using Good Communication SkillsChapter 3

WHILE SPEAKING• Making poor eye contact• Maintaining eye contact• Scratching your head• Touching your hand to

your face• Covering your mouth• Standing straight and tall

WHILE LISTENING• Opening your eyes wide• Making poor eye contact• Maintaining eye contact• Opening your mouth wide• Squinting or scrunching

your eyebrows in a “V”• Crossing your arms

Body Language Can Affect Communication:What do you think each of the following

may be communicating to others?


Section 3Section 3

Mental and Emotional HealthMental and Emotional Health



Section 3 Mental and Emotional Health

Mental Health

• Mental health: A state of mental well-being (you can cope with the demands of daily life)

• Characteristics of mentally and emotionally healthy people include:

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• A sense of control• Ability to endure failures and frustrations• Ability to see events positively• Can express emotions in a healthy way


Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs• A list of the basic needs

one must achieve on the way to self-actualization.

• Self-actualization is the achievement of the best that a person can be.

• Abraham Maslow believed that everyone has a drive to reach self-actualization.



Expressing Emotions can make you HAPPIER!

• Emotion: a feeling produced in response to life experiences.

• Expressing emotions in a healthy way is important for your mental and emotional health.

• We learn to express our emotions by observing others (you’re a product of your environment)

• You can RELEARN how to express emotions more constructively!

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Tips for Managing Emotions constructively:

• Talk it out with a friend or trusted adult, or in your own head

• Blow off steam with physical activity (can help you release negative energy and release endorphins)

• Be creative Creative activities also help release tension.

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Managing Emotions when you’re angry:

• Frustration leads to anger (prevent or manage your frustrations before they get out of hand)

• Learn to recognize when you feel angry.

• When you do feel angry, try to calm down before taking action.

• Anger can ALWAYS be dealt with APPROPRIATELY!

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Managing Other Negative Emotions

1. Fear:• (bad): can be debilitating• (good): can protect you from real danger.

• use positive self-talk to get over fear.

2. Guilt:• alerts you when you are acting against your

values.• do your best to right the wrong.

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3. Jealousy• fear that you will lose someone or something you

love.• talking about it and restructuring your thoughts

and feelings is usually the best way to cope.

4. Loneliness• feeling emotionally isolated from others.

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Managing Other Negative Emotions



Defense Mechanisms:Unconscious thoughts or behaviors used to avoid

(or cope with) unpleasant emotions.

• Most DM’s do NOT fix the real problem (they’re a coping skill that help us deal with difficult emotions temporarily).

• DM’s can mask your true (uncomfortable) feelings.

• It’s best to manage your emotions in a constructive, problem-solving, way (focus on the real issue and deal with that).

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Section 4Section 4

Understanding Mental Understanding Mental DisordersDisorders



Section 4 Understanding Mental Disorders

Bellringer

What symptoms or behaviors do you associate with depression?

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What Are Mental Disorders?

Mental disorder: an illness that affects a person’s:THOUGHTSEMOTIONSBEHAVIORS

…are often misunderstood.

…many are treatable.

…knowing the symptoms can help you understand mental disorders.

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Symptoms of Mental Disorders:

Symptom: a change in a person’s body or mind, caused by a disease or disorder.

• The following are common symptoms of many mental disorders:

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• Too much or too little sleep• Feelings of extreme sadness• Unexplained mood changes• Drug or alcohol abuse• Inability to concentrate• Extreme anxiety or irrational fear• Personality changes• False perceptions of reality



Types of Mental Disorders…….

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DEPRESSION: sadness and hopelessness that keeps a person from carrying out normal, everyday activities.

Symptoms:

• Lack of energy

• Withdrawal from people

• Loss of appetite or overeating

• Too much or too little sleep

• Feelings of helplessness and hopelessness

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If you are experiencing depression…

1. Face the problem and seek professional help.2. Identify the “real” problem

• loneliness?• a loss of something significant?

(ex: loved one, job, etc)• chemical imbalance?

3. Take action • change negative thinking• seeking support from others• increasing physical activity

Chapter 3Section 4 Understanding Mental Disorders



ATTENTION DEFICIT / HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER:• the most commonly diagnosed mental disorder in children• It is a lifelong disorder

Symptoms• being frequently inattentive or impulsively hyperactive

Causes• unknown

Can be treated (finding the best treatment can be difficult)

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ANXIETY DISORDERS: • fear-based• can keep you from taking part in daily activities• Phobias (extreme fear of something that poses

no real danger)

PANIC DISORDERS:• extreme terror and panic attacks

OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER:• characterized by uncomfortable thoughts called

obsessions• repetitive behaviors called compulsions

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Causes of Mental Disorders:

• Some develop from traumatic or stressful life experiences.

• Some can be inherited.

• Some are caused by physical disorders or injuries.

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Many mental disorders can be treated or cured…

Treatments:

• Psychotherapy--especially useful in treating mental disorders caused by traumatic experiences.

• Group therapy--a licensed therapist leads a group of people who may have a similar disorder.

• Medication--can also help in the treatment of some mental disorders.

Chapter 3


End of Chapter 3End of Chapter 3

copyright © by holt, rinehart and winston. all rights reserved. self-esteem and mental health...

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