copyright, technology and the cjeu an empirical study · eu framework of rights and exceptions i)...
TRANSCRIPT
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Copyright, Technology and the CJEU An Empirical Study
Tito Rendas
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1. Background 2. Research questions 3. Empirical study 4. Conclusions
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1. Background
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technology-enabled uses
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scope of rights + exceptions
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EU framework of rights and exceptions
i) Economic rights with broad scope ii) Broad interpretation of rights iii) Rule-like exceptions iv) Strict interpretation of exceptions v) Closed catalogue of exceptions vi) Restrictive three-step test
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critique
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lack of flexibility
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h"ps://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Straitjacket#/media/File:Straitjacket-rear.jpg
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technological innovation
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yet courts decide flexibly
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h"p://think0.deviantart.com/art/Germany-Grunge-Flag-121207694
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Vorschaubilder I
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thumbnails
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“simple consent”
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h"p://think0.deviantart.com/art/Spain-Grunge-Flag-112653575
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Megakini v. Google Spain
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caching
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good faith +
abuse of rights +
ius usus inocui
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no “absurd” conclusions
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strict interpretation
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h"p://media.nu.nl
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“liberal”
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h"p://www.wikihow.com/Escape-from-a-Straitjacket
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2. Research questions
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Research question #1: What is the relative prevalence of infringing and non-infringing outcomes?
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Research question #2: Is the CJEU abiding by the constraints or is it deciding flexibly?
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3. Empirical study
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research sample
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Criterion #1: Decisions on the lawfulness of technology-enabled uses
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Criterion #2: Decisions that turn on at least one of the six constraints
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21 cases
27 tech-enabled uses
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InfoSoc (17)
Software (3)
Rental & Lending (1)
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reproduction (11)
communication (10)
public lending (1)
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methodology
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content analysis
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coding
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findings
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infringing vs. non-infringing
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infringing vs. non-infringing (11) (16)
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41%
59% 56%
44%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
Infringing Non-infringing
CJEU AG
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flexible vs. inflexible
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flexible vs. inflexible (71%) (29%)
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0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Narrow interpretation of right
Broad interpretation of exception(s)
No/summary assessment of three-
step test
Creation of exception / users' right
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4. Conclusions
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legal certainty
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fair use
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the end. [email protected]