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Coronary circulation is the circulation of blood in the blood vessels of the heart muscle (the

myocardium). The vessels that deliver oxygen-rich blood to the myocardium are known as

coronary arteries. The vessels that remove the deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle are

known as cardiac veins.

The aortic valve has three leaflets, each having a cusp or cup-like configuration. These areknown as:

1. left coronary cusp2. right coronary cusp3. posterior non-coronary cusp

Just above the aortic valves there are anatomic dilations of the ascending aorta, also known as

thesinus of Valsalva.

Arteries of Heart:

Right coronary artery:

Course:

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1. Passes forwards and to the right to emerge on the surface of heart between the root ofpulmonary trunk and right auricle.

2. Runs downwards in right anterior coronary sulcus.3.

Winds round the inferior border to reach the diaphragmatic surface of heart

4. Runs backwards and left in the right posterior coronary sulcus to reach posteriorinterventricular groove

5. Terminates by anastomosing with left coronary artery

Branches:

Mnemonic: TRaP Me IN

Large:

Marginal Posterior Interventricular

Small:

Nodal Right Atrial Infundibular Terminal

Area of distribution:

1. Right atrium2. Right ventricle except area adjoining anterior interventricular groove

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3. Small part of left ventricle adjoining posterior interventricular groove4. Posterior part of interventricular septum5. Conducting system of heart except a part of left branch of AV bundle

Left coronary artery:

Course:

1. Passes forwards and to the left and emerges between pulmonary trunk and the left auricle2. Gives anterior interventricular branch which runs downwards in anterior interventricular

groove

3. After giving off, anterior IV branch, it gives circumflex branch which runs to the left inthe left anterior coronary sulcus

4. Winds round the left border of heart and continues in the left posterior coronary sulcus5. Terminates by anastomosing with right coronary artery

Branches:

Mnemonic: LaTe PAD

Large:

Anterior Interventricular Diagonal branch

Small:

Left atrial Pulmonary

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Terminal

Area of distribution:

1. Left atrium2. Left ventricle except area adjoining posterior interventricular groove3. Small part of right ventricle adjoining anterior interventricualr groove4. Anterior part of interventricular septum5. A part of left branch of AV bundle

Veins of Heart:

Coronary sinus:

Largest vein of heart which opens in right atrium Situated in the left posterior coronary sulcus

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Receives:1. Great cardiac vein: Anterior interventricular sulcus2. Middle cardiac vein: Posterior interventricular sulcus3. Small cardiac vein4. Posterior vein of left ventricle5. Oblique vein of left atrium6. Right marginal vein

Veins opening directly to chambers of heart:

1. Anterior cardiac veins2. Venae cordis minimi (Thebesian vessels)