corruption final report

8/16/2019 Corruption Final Report

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Corruption is dishonest actions that destroys people's trust in

the person or group, like the news of corruption in how your

bank is run, that makes you close your account and invest your

money somewhere else.


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CORRUPTION

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INTRODUCTION

6he word corruption has been deduced from corrupt which means to change from good to bad in morals,

manners and actions. =orruption stands for impairment of integrity virtue or moral principle or

inducement of wrong by bribery or other unlawful means. 6his also means departure from what is pure

or correct. Since corruption is connected with bribery, it will be useful to define it, too. 6he word bribe

literally stands for money as favors bestowed on or promised to a person in a position of trust in order to

prevent a >udgment or corrupt his conduct. "t is thus clear that corruption and bribery go hand in hand

and cover a big sphere of social activity, which can be disrupted to an e?tent that makes people@s lives

miserable and retards the growth of a country.

“If a country is to be corruption free and become a nation of beautiful minds, I strongly feel there are

three key societal members who can make a difference. They are the father, the mother and the

teacher.”

(A. P. . Abdul !alam"

"t is Auestionable, whether corruption can be dealt with selectively, because many activities are

independent with itB corruption in business feeds on corruption in government and administration which

in turn, supports social and moral corruption that distorts the fabric of society by promoting Auestionable

values. "t is true that at the time of its birth, Pakistan had no socioCeconomic infrastructure for a nation@s

survival. #espite political instability corrupt leadership and selfCcentered opportunists has weather

everything to stand firm like a rock. "t was due to the de?terity of laborers, the romantic idealism of its

youth, the diversity of its agroCclimate conditions and kind of resolve of its people to defeat all odds.

%efore discussing aftermaths of corruption it is imperative to analyDe the factors or reasons, which

contribute to corruption.


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“A citi#en who does black $ marketing commits, I think, a greater crime% These black

$ marketers are really knowing, intelligent and ordinarily responsible people, and

when they indulge in black $ marketing, I think they ought to be &ery se&erely

punished, because they undermine the entire system of control and regulation of

%.essential commodities, and cause%.star&ation and want and e&en death.”

6o begin with, the lack of accountability promotes corruption rampantly. Since we

do not have any organiDed institution, which can be reliable, corrupt one feel

secure without check and malpractice at large. %y every definition corruption means the violations of the

laws of land and social norms. "t is precisely the e?cess of rules that create fertile ground for corruption.

0hen social relations tend to be close and personal, it might be difficult to establish direct link between

the act of corruption and the person concerned. %ut complicated rules camouflage social intimacy and

have the way for both to come into a deal, which may suit them but not to the country. "n many cases the

corrupted and the corrupter may never even have discussed the payment. "t would be simply understood

that favor granted today creates a presumption or even an obligation for a reciprocal favor tomorrow.

6he biggest drawbacks in our national development have been political instability. SoCcalled leaders and

opportunists >oined hands with the civilCmilitary bureaucracy to retain powers and loot the country of its

resources with both hands. Our immoral and unC"slamic social customs play an important role in boost

corruption. "n order to fulfill unreasonable needs of customs of families, officials go out of the way to

earn money. "nstead of practicing austerity in their lines, they are bound to lead lu?urious life, whichdemands high cost. 6hat can only be met by illegal means.

ccording to 'o&ak,

Acuiring power is the purpose of corruption, since power is needed to pre&ail o&er other persons.

)hen succeeding, power is acuired, and its desirability causes the beha&ior to be repeated.


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CAUSES OF THE CORRUPTION

6he most often used definitions of corruption have taken the place of the clichEs from the time when

corruption was thought a convention, a well hidden alternative way of living the sides in the corruption

process is clearly definedB ''the one offering the bribe and the one taking the bribe''.


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$epotism and Favoritism

=orruption is a process of decay which can never be eradicated completely from any society. 6he most

important reasons contributing to this decay are bad interaction between the specialiDed bodies for

combating corruption and the citiDens, the e?tensive prerogatives of public officials, the widespread

bureaucracy ,insufficient political will for dealing with corruption, the low remuneration of public

officials, lack of effective measures and sanctions, the possibility for public officials to obtain illegal

benefit, weaknesses of the legislation, lack of willingness on the part of the citiDens to contribute to, the

process of combating corruption. So corruption is to be done everywhere. )veryone wants to fulfill their

needs or to get success so corrupt ways are used for that so you find corruption on all levels that@s why

there are so many reason of corruption.


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Meage Salaies

6he basic reason for corruption is low salaries as everyone is finding a way to better their living standard

as much as they canG it@s also a human nature that he has everything more and more. So mostly


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corruption is to be seen where there are people having fewer salaries they use corrupt ways to achieve

the goal. "t is true that they do not have any other way to fulfill their wants.

!ac" o# accounta$ilit% an& egulation

=orruption is more prevalent because lack of accountability and regulation. "f money

that the government receives is going in their pockets rather than being spent on the

people who need it, on their education, health and so on, then the conseAuences are

obvious that many people don't pay ta?es because they don't trust the government to

spend it on the people, they think they are corrupt and the money would >ust

disappear. nd so this creates a vicious circle. People don't see the government doing

anything to help them, so they think it's a waste of time to pay ta?es. 6he government

doesn't get any money from ta?es and so can't do anything to help people.

Cultue

=orruption on the lowClevel is systematic and fed by desperation. "n many of these nations, it's almost

e?pected that a policeman or clerk will earn a fair amount of income through bribes, so the states pay

those workers less based on that assumption. %ribes and the like become a kind of tip. )ven in situations


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where this is not true, there's still the temptation of e?tra cash, whether necessary to feed one's family.

6he Hevery man for himH attitude in some cultures encourages this.

Hig' Centali(e& Economic S%stem

"n the much similar fashion, highly centraliDed economy, breeds conflicts amongst the poor and rich.

6he growing influence of privileged class always uses the influential authority to snub the poor people.

"n such a situation the victim and the upper both use their influence at ma?imum e?tent to have

ma?imum benefit from the opportunity. 6hus, capitalism is the forefront in bringing and paving ways for

corruption. #windling economy and ever rises levels of inflation are the ma>or source of corruption. 6he

more the prosperous a country, the more the rules of law are followed but it is Auite unfortunate to

mention that Pakistan is the country rated in the third world whether neither the rules of law prevails nor

the economic system is strengthened. 6he per capita income is low that renders the lower strata of

society more prone towards corruption.

E)asion o# Et'ical an& eligious noms

=orruption evolves as a result of these norms. Religion always asks the believers to have a solid strive in

bringing a moderate society. "t agrees in favor of decentraliDed economy. Regulation of wealth according

to rule of law is the motto of "slam.

Ne*otism an& Fa)oitism

$epotism and favoritism is the also the ma>or cause of corruption.ke 0e take

a political e?ample of favoritism of year *2/C*// %hutto@s

nationaliDation programmer lost its appeal towards the end of his

government's term and the demand for denationaliDation gained more

currency. 6he successive government of military chief and president

(uhammad iaCulC-aA released a whitepaper that led to the creation of a

commission under Pakistan "ndustrial =redit and "nvestment =orporation :P"="=;

to reverse earlier nationaliDation efforts. $ot much was achieved in this regard and only three industries,

including future Prime (inister $awaD Sharif@s conglomerate "ttefaA Iroup of "ndustries, were ever

denationaliDed and returned to their owners. (any argue that Sharif was favored in this process because

he was a political protEgE of the military dictator at the helm


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Cou*tion Cause& *one institutions

Police

“Police corruption is a form of police misconduct in which law enforcement ocers

break their social contract and abuse their power for personal or department

gain.”

ccording to many people corruption can only thrive in bureaucratic societies or countries where every

single matter, law and order is under the control of corrupt government. 6he reality does not authenticate

>ust this idea. t an HeliteH level, corruption is the everywhere. 6hen, what developing countries are full

of, is nonCelite corrupt people. =orruption is normally associated with the government, police, legal

system and other bodies that control and allocate public resources. 6he police are responsible formaintaining order and >ustice in a society. police department for instance can be compared to other

governmental bodies for simple understanding of the term. e.g.B a cop stops a car to make a ticket, but is

also willing to accept a small bribe to let it pass :or even stop the car to get a bribe in the first place;.

Some drivers will also try to bribe the cop, to avoid the ticket. (ostly the same at all administration

levels, at any given bureaucrat institution. Of course, virtually all government regulated institutions

:police, hospitals, schools, etc.; have their employee being overly underpaid, which helps a lot to lead

into this. 6he reason why a policeman for e?ample would accept a bribe to let someone go free is that

they are often underpaid and e?tra cash is always a tempting prospect. 6he wide consensus across

surveys points to the police as being one of the most corrupt institutions in Pakistan. ccording to the

organiDation Ilobal "ntegrity appointments in the police force are often based on political

considerations. Police officers freAuently have conflicts of interest due to personal loyalties and family

connections. "t is also well known that in Pakistan, influential landlords decide the appointment of law

enforcement officers in their area, with police officers acting on their behalf. &nlawful police methods

do not solely affect poor people. %usinesses also complain that they suffer from e?tortion by the police,

for instance in the form of bogus traffic fines. %asically Police misconduct is a topic of great concern

worldwide. -owever, the causes of police corruption are remarkably different. &nderstanding the uniAue

political, historical, legal, and economic institutions of a country is essential in identifying the potential

for police misconduct. 6he boundary line between corrupt and nonCcorrupt activities is Auite difficult to

define. police officer who takes advantage of his power and authority for personal and organiDational


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gains can easily be described as a corrupt police officer. 6he term police corruptionJ has been used to

describe many activitiesB briberyG violence and brutalityG fabrication and destruction of evidenceG racismG

and, favoritism. $ot only lower ranked officers are involved in such malpractices, but also senior

officers, and those ranked below them are involved in organiDed corruption. 6he position is best

summed up in the words of the Parliamentary Standing =ommittee on -ome ffairs in PakistanB 6oday

we have a police, which is politiciDed and Politically polariDed.

For it has become a pawn in the hands of its masters. "n Return,

the policemen get political patronage, which has become

essential for their Survival.

“Corruption is a curse in India and amongst Muslims,

especially the so-called educated and intelligentsia.

Unfortunately, it is this class that it selfish and morally and

intellectually corrupt. No doubt this disease is common, but

amongst this particular class of Muslims it is rampant”.

M.A. Jinnah to Ispahani, 6 May 1945

Impacts of Corruption on Society

Cou*tion in +o)enment sectos

Public sector corruption includes corruption of the political process and of government agencies such as

the police as well as corruption in processes of allocating public funds for contracts, grants, and hiring.


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,u&icial Cou*tion

!udicial corruption refers to corruption related misconduct of

>udges, through receiving or giving bribes, improper sentencing

of convicted criminals, bias in the hearing and >udgment of

arguments and other such misconduct.

Iovernmental corruption of >udiciary is broadly known in

many transitional and developing countries because the budget

is almost completely controlled by the e?ecutive. 6he latter

undermines the separation of powers, as it creates a critical

financial dependence of the >udiciary. 6he proper national

wealth distribution including the government spending on the

>udiciary is sub>ect of the constitutional economics.

"t is important to distinguish between the two methods of corruption of the >udiciaryB the government

:through budget planning and various privileges;, and the private.

Cou*tion in e&ucational s%stems Uni)esities

"n some countries, such as certain eastern )uropean countries and certain sian countries, corruption

occurs freAuently in universities. 6his can include bribes to bypass bureaucratic procedures and bribing

faculty for a grade. 6he willingness to engage in corruption such as accepting bribe money in e?change

for grades decreases if individuals perceive such behavior as very ob>ectionable, i.e. a violation of social

norms and if they fear sanctions in terms of the severity and probability of sanctions.


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COMPARISON OF PAKISTAN WITH OTHER

COUNTRIES

s opposition leaders accuse the Pakistan government of indulging in corruption, 6ransparency

"nternational@s report on global corruption suggests otherwise. Pakistan@s rank on the "nde? stood at *94,

with 48 countries ranking worse. ast year Pakistan had only 94 countries ranking worse on the

=orruption "nde?.

STATISTICA! DATA

Pakistan scored 8.1 in =orruption Perceptions "nde? :=P"; compared to last year@s score

of 8.9.


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"ndia@s =P" score went down by +.8, going to 9.* from 9.9 in 8+*+

fghanistan showed improvement by +.* in its =P" score this year which was *.1G

however it remained in the list of worst scorers, topped by Somalia and followed by

(yanmar and $orth 3orea.

=hina went up by +.* with its score of 9.M this year. 6he &S was scored 2.* on the list which was the same as last year, while &3 improved

by +.8 with a =P" score of 2./. t the other end of the scale, $ew ealand took the leading position by a =P" score of

.1, followed by #enmark and Finland, scoring .4 each. 6wo thirds of ranked countries in the list scored less than 1, that shows a global

inclination towards corruption.

0orld !ustice Pro>ect

IS!AMABAD

6he 0ashingtonCbased 0orld !ustice Pro>ect :0!P; on 0ednesday released its 8+*8 Rule of aw

"nde?, which finds Pakistan as the seventh most corrupt and the topCmost insecure nation out of a total

of 2 countries assessed.

ccording to the 84*Cpage report,Pakistan shows weaknesses in most dimensions when

compared to its regional and income group peers. ow level of government accountability is

compounded by the prevalence of corruption, a weak >ustice system, and a poor security situation,

particularly related to terrorism and crime. 6he country scores more strongly on >udicial independence

and fairness in administrative proceedings.J "n

the case of Pakistan, out =orruption is +th. "t is 2th :the last; in the category of order and SecurityG

9rd in the field of -uman RightsG 8nd in the areas of Open IovernmentG *st in the case of =ivil

!usticeG //th in the area of Regulatory )nforcementG /+th in the factor of =riminal !usticeG and Mth out

of 2 countries in the factor or imited Iovernment Powers. 6his year we have seen corruption on

protestors@ banners be they rich or poor. 0hether in a )urope hit by debt crisis or an rab world starting a new

political era, leaders must heed the demands for better government,J said -uguette abelle, chair of 6ransparency

"nternational in a statement.

t the other end of the scale, $ew ealand took the leading position by a =P" score of .1, followed by

#enmark and Finland, scoring .4 each.


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6wo thirds of ranked countries in the list scored less than 1, that shows a global inclination towards

corruption.

8+** saw the movement for greater transparency take on irresistible momentum, as citiDens around the

world demand accountability from their governments. -ighCscoring countries show that over time

efforts to improve transparency can, if sustained, be successful and benefit their people,J said

6ransparency "nternational (anaging #irector =obus de Swardt in the press release.=orruptionC

government role and activities

If the state is strong, it will crush us; if it is weak, we will perish. Paul


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more corruption and low incomes. #espite of economic and financial liberaliDation the role of the state increases

because of its larger influence in supplying the public goods and services.

+o)enmental acti)ities

"n the perfect market, the government could not be played any role. -owever, the markets are unperfectedG the

public good, monopoly, e?ternalities in production reAuire government interference.

! !egislati)e &e)elo*ment an& egulation!One of the reasons for corruption was a licenses and registration regime, which gave a power of the officials of

engagement in economic activities. "n addition, the often chances of laws create uncertainty in business

environment. For e?ample, the privatiDation law has changed 84 times from *8N8+++. 6he commercial code has

been amended 89 times, ta? legislation :=orporate ta? law, "ncome ta? law, or problem

in ta? and customs administration. "t is due to following reasonsB freAuent contacts between ta?payers and

administrators, the wages of the ta? administrators are low, act of corruption is not discovered, when discovered

no penalty, lack of constant monitoring and control on customs administration.

#! Pocuement6o date procedures of the law on procurement lead to the benefits of administrators from the power of deterring

the price of services, because of the lack of transparency and effective institutional control. 6he cases of

corruption related to permission of provision of service and goods by the private companies. 6he amendments to

the procurement law are addressed to simplify procedures, preference for domestic suppliers, subsidies for the

firms offering the services in the public sector. 6hat is why the procurement law limits the loyal competition.


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$1 Bueaucac%6he reform of the public sector includes training and law. ccording to the 0ord bank assessment three C Auarters

of the businessmen consider that a weak and unresponsive administration is a significant obstacle for the business.

6he laws on administration and on civil servants outline duties and responsibilities of administration structures.

6he law on civil servants specified the stages in career development. 6he criteria of professional promotion,

education reAuirements are not clear, it is create possibilities for political motivated hiring. c. ccording to the

Public Register senior government servants have to declare property, income, saving. %ureaucracy Auality

depends on the amount of salary. 6he salaries are low compared to the private sector. dditional, more educated

and Aualified staff leaves the public sector due to better financial conditions and possibility for career

development.

21 Re#eence to *i)ati(ation6he new privatiDation law will contribute to enforce privatiDation, increase transparency, simple procedure and

less administrative and transaction costs, post privatiDation control remain the power of the government officials

on the enterprises.

Measurement of corruption an% informa& sector 6he current situation in %ulgaria "f corruption could be measures, it could be eliminated. 6he measuring is a

mean for understanding the factors for corruption and public attitude. One of way of measuring the corruption is

indirect Auestionnaire, caseCstudies of corruption of ta? administration and customs. 6he 0orld %ank measures

the perception of corruption. 6he anaysis on the basis on calculation and Auestionai showed thatB

)mployers seek to hire people using nonClabor rather than labor contracts with the purpose of reducing

payments due to the state budget, the $ational Social Security "nstitute, etc. "n fact, they transfer the responsibility

of paying to the individuals who are to be insuredG

"t is obvious that not declaring total employees@ salaries is much more common than hiring people without any

contract, and it is a much more significant way of e?panding the informal sector of the economy.

Ways to era%icate corruption

E&ucation

6he first tool is Qeducation@. 0ith the help of education we can reduce corruption. For instance, there

was a survey conducted by '6"()S' magaDine, according to which today the least corrupt state of "ndia

is 3erala, the reason being that in 3erala literacy rate is highest in "ndia. So we can see how education


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affects the rate of corruption. "n most of the states, normally a fairly large number of people are

uneducated. 6hose who are uneducated do not know about the process, provisions and procedures

through which they can get >ustice. =orrupt public servants try to make

fool of them and often demand for bribe. "t is due to unawareness in the

field of law, public rights and procedures thereof that a common and an

uneducated suffer out of the corrupt society. 6his suggests that if we are

educated, we can understand our rights well.

Alteation in t'e go)enment *ocesses

0e need to change the government processes. "f the members of the

governing body are government officials themselves, there will certainly be less reports of the criminal

cases. 6he reverse may be possible only when there are no more criminal politicians in our government.

6he provision is that, if there is any case filed against a person then he would not be eligible for election.

%ut here in Pakistan, if we see hundred politicians then about si?ty percent of them would be criminal in

nature. "f these criminal politicians command us and make laws, what type of laws would be formed.

6hus during elections, we should keep in mind the person for whom we shall not vote. "n Pakistan, there

is a provision that no person as a criminal shall be allowed as a (ember of Parliament or member of

legislative. &nfortunately a fairly large number of them are a part of it.

E-+o)enance

0e can reduce corruption by increasing direct contact between government and the governed. )C

governance could help a lot towards this direction. "n a conference on, )ffects of Iood Iovernance and

-uman RightsJ organiDed by '$ational -uman Right =ommission', it was proposed that all the lower

courts should follow the e?planation of the Supreme =ourt and -igh =ourt and make the >udgments

online. 6he Right to information should be used for transparency. 0e have legal rights to know any

information. ccording to this act, :Right to "nformation act 8++1;, generally people should follow the

procedure of law given to then when their work is not being implemented in a proper way in public

services. 6his act is a great help in the order to control corruption.


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Anti-Cou*tion Commission

n independent antiCcorruption commission should be established, headed by the =hief !ustice of

Pakistan with full contempt of court powers and a large investigating staff directly under him. 6his can

help a lot in eradicating corruption from the country.

Teatment #o cou*t o##icials

Process of accountability should be initiated from the top. =orrupt officials should not only be dismissed

but also be imprisoned and deprived of their properties by confiscation. =orrupt politicians should not

only be debarred from contesting elections but also be imprisoned and their properties be confiscatedG

On meit a**ointments

6he process of enforcing accountability must be decentraliDed and spread through the institutional

spectrum. 0ithout the right person in >ob, desired ob>ectives cannot be achieved. So, if honesty be the

ob>ective in making senior bureaucratic appointments, the primary criterion should be personal integrity.


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Imp&ementation of pena&ties for t'e corrupt o(cia&s

ack of implementation of effective corruption treatment is the ma>or factor which promotes corruption

in our society. 6he government must progress beyond arrests and allegations. 6he trials must begin

without any delay and charges must be proved in courts of law. Swindlers, ta? dodgers and loan

defaulters must be hounded and sent to >ail as Auickly as possible.

)rin*in* an en% to feu%a&ism

6he present political system based and entrenched on feudalism and feudal will have to be completely

demolished. "ndubitably, sovereignty and freedom of people have been usurped by this class in the name

of sham and farce democracy where people have nominal role. Pithily, the real solution is more

democracy, decentraliDation of power, more autonomy and ma?imum participation of the masses

through honest political institutions.

Accounta+i&ity

ack of transparency and professional accountability is yet another big reason. =orruption stems from

the e?ercise of power and is a continuing phenomenon. -ence, an incessant, effective and

institutionaliDed accountability process

must always shadow those who wield

power. 0e should be honest to ourselves.

&ntil and unless we will not be honest, we

can@t control corruption. "f each of us is

honest towards our profession, then

corruption will automatically decrease. 0e need to pay attention towards professional accountability i.e.,

how much we are faithful and truthful towards our profession. "n this way corruption might be

controlled up to some e?tent.


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Conc&usionPower tends to corrupt and absolute power tends to corrupt absolutely.

*ne thing must be gi&en preference that it is not the se&erity of punishment

but the certainty of punishment that matters.

=orruption is a method and a techniAue adopted >ust to bypass the rule of law and engulfing the whole

system into socioCeconomic turmoil. Furthermore, corruption, being the mother of all ills, gives birth to

multifarious problems including nepotism, favouritism and negating meritocracy, transparency and

accountability. "t is an established fact that the cruelty shows its influence as the rule of law is abrogated.

%anking scams, industrialist's monopoly to create baseless crises, bypassing the constitutional

supremacy, lavish living styles of the ruling class, foreign tours under the head of national e?cheAuer,

general apathy, neglect, carelessness and an attitude of indifference towards national issues are all the

outcomes of corruption which is root cause of all evils in the motherland. 6he poor are sidelined, the

rich are bestowed, the needy are ignored and the affluent are delivered. -owever, the story does not end

here. 6he socio economic situation is much more dubious and gloomy than as e?pected.

ack of accountability is an outcome of nepotism and favouritism. -ow can a corrupt person be held

accountable by a corrupt authority ll in all the entire unfortunate system is prone to the monster of


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corruption. "n such dismal state of affairs, the Auestion of accountability does not arise. Only lucrative

and emotionally charged speeches and pledges can never come up to the e?pectations of the people.

Rule of law is the only option that can pave way for accountability.

(oreover, the crippled and dwindling economy and everCrising levels of inflation are the ma>or source

of corruption. 6he more the prosperous a country, the more the rule of law are followed. %ut it is Auite

unfortunate to mention that Pakistan is a country rated in the third world where neither the rule of law

prevails nor the economic system is strengthened. 6he per capita income is significantly low that renders

the lower strata of society more prone towards corruption.

"ncompetent >udiciary in terms of not bringing the culprits in to the gallows of law and absence of

bringing the corrupt politicians and policy makers to the books is another decisive factor in today's sorry

state of affairs. "n the same manner the unnecessary delay in deciding the cases of corruption is a clear

e?planation of the adageB the >ustice delayed is >ustice denied.

"n much the similar fashion, highly centraliDed economy, breeds conflict amongst the poor and the rich.

6he growing influence of the privileged class always uses the influential authority to snub the poor

people. "n such a grim situation, the victims and the upper both use their influence at their ma?imum

e?tent to have ma?imum benefit from the opportunity. 6hus the capitalism is in the forefront in bringing

and paving ways for corruption.

=orruption evolves as a result of evasion of ethical and religious norms. Religion always asks the

believers to have a solid strive in bringing a moderate society. "t agrees in favour of decentraliDed

economy. Regulation of wealth according to rule of law is the motto of "slam.


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ll the above mentioned factors have brought Pakistan at number *9th among the most corrupt

countries of the world. ccording to =P" report, Pakistan has 8.9 score out of *+ which shows its

position very weak while on contrary, $ew ealand showed .4 out of *+ in the race and toppled the

entire scenario. Pakistan on the other hand, is lagging behind in all spheres of life. 6his is the outcome of

corruption that Pakistan has lost its identity and failed to establish its credibility in the whole world.

6he discussion on corruption in Pakistan would never be complete without having a glance on $ational

Reconciliation Ordinance, a symbol of corruption in Pakistan. "t was promulgated by a military dictator

to serve his own vested interests. "t freed all the politicians and civil servants until *+, who were

convicted on charges of corruption. PPP and P( :$;, the big political giants remained the beneficiaries

of this ordinance. &nder the provisions of $RO, the civil servants, politicians and ma>or industrialists

were given a safe passage to escape from all the charges of corruption and made them free of any sin.

$RO, most appropriately can be termed as the law that legitimiDed corruption in Pakistan.

Iiven the dismal state of affairs, as is evident from all the aboveCe?plained short story, there is a

stringent need of implementing religious and ethical values, if the nation wants to get out of the clutches

of monster like corruption. 6he religious counseling must be given at all levels so that ethics and values

have a strong hold on the characters and actions of the people. )ducational reforms based on morality

must be given place in the social system.

$epotism, favoritism must be eradicated by grooming and nurturing a culture of accountability based on

trickledown effect that runs from top to bottom. "ndependence of >udiciary and rule of law can only

bring in meritocracy so that talented and high caliber people must be employed at the higher posts.

nother pragmatic solution is to increase the salaries of the government servants. Financial satisfaction

to all and sundry can bring in a positive change in the society. "t forces the workers to follow the

principles of morality and honesty.


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(oreover, the laws must be made strict and their implementation be ensured. &nfortunately, Pakistan isa land of laws which are never implemented. One thing must be given preference that it is not the

severity of punishment but the certainty of punishment that matters. Such practices put the things in

order and in right directions. 6herefore, strict implementation of laws is the only way forward. =hina

after the empowerment of communist party, paved this way for a cause of change.

=orruption is social curse that must be ditched. 6he lawmakers in the parliament must take stringent

efforts and evolve practicable strategies to eradicate the mushrooming menace. Rule of law, supremacy

of the constitution and independence of >udiciary and off course a free and vibrant media being the

fourth pillar of the state, must be implemented in true letter and spirit. 6he accused must be given a cold

fist. 6ime is ripe that drastic measures be taken to get rid of this tsunami of corruption that undoubtedly

has torn and destructed our very social and economic fabric. )nough of apathy and negligence, the need

of the hour is to >oin hands on all fronts by all members and areas of society to ouster this curse. "f

Pakistan wants to run in the race of socio economic development, evils like corruption do not fit in the

scenario.

“The surest way to corrupt a youth is to instruct him to hold in higher

esteem those who think alike than those who think differently.”

+ riedrich 'iet#sche


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corruption final report

Documents