7/31/2019 Cortical Areas and Functions

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FRONTAL LOBE

CORTICAL AREA BA# LOCATION FUNCTION NOTES

Precentral Area Precentral gyrus Gives off corticospinal and corticobulbar fibersAgranular type: Pyramidal cells (Betzcells)

Motor Area/Primary MotorArea

4Posterior region ofprecentral area

- isolated movements on the opposite side- contraction of muscle groups concerned with aspecific movement

- bilateral movements of EOM, muscles of theupper part of the face, tongue, mandible,larynx and pharynx

- final station for conversion of the design into

execution of the movement

The movement areas of the body arerepresented in inverted form in theprecentral gyrus.* The area of the cortex controlling aparticular movement is proportional tothe skill involved in performing themovement.

Premotor Area/Secondary MotorArea

684445

Anterior region of theprecentral area

- store programs of motor activity assembled asthe result of past experience

- programs the activity of the primary motorarea

- controlling coarse postural movements

The premotor area has no Betz cells.

SupplementaryMotor Area

Medial frontal gyrus Movements of the contralateral limbsRemoval of this area produces nopermanent loss of movement

Frontal EyeField

689

Facial area of theprecentral gyrus middle frontal gyrus

- conjugate movement of the eyes (especiallytoward opposite side)

- control voluntary scanning movement of theeyes

Independent of visual stimuli

Motor SpeechArea of Broca

4445

Inferior frontal gyrus Formation of words

This area is important on the dominanthemisphere.Area 44: pars opercularisArea 55: pars triangularis

PrefrontalCortex

9101112

Anterior to theprecentral area

- personality- regulator of the pesons depth of feeling- initiative and judgement

Large numbers of afferent and efferentpathways connect this area with otherother areas of the CC, thalamus,hypothalamus, and corpus striatum.

PARIETAL LOBE

CORTICAL AREA BA# LOCATION FUNCTION NOTES

PrimarySomestheticArea (PrimarySomatic SensoryCortex S1)

312

Postcentral gyrus

- sensations from the contralateral side fo thebody

- sensations from the oral region goes to thesame side; and those from the pharynx, larynx,and perineum goes to both sides

-Granular type (anterior part); fewergranular cell (posterior part)

-Outer layer of Baillarger is broad andobvious

- The opposite half of the body isrepresented as inverted.

* The size of this area allocated to eachpart of the body is proportional to thenumber of sensory receptors present inthat part of the body.

SecondarySomestheticArea (Secondary

Somatic SensoryCortex S2)

Superior lip of theposterior limb of the

lateral fissure

- transient cutaneous stimuli

Face area: most anterior; Leg area:posteriorBody: bilaterally represented with

contralateral dominance

SomestheticAssociation Area

57

Superior parietallobule

- receive and integrate different sensorymodalities- relates sensory information to past sensory