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Calhoun County

CP7

CALHOUN COUNTY PROFILE2013

Wayne Miller, ProfessorThai Nguyen, Intern

Arkansas

Ashley

BaxterBenton Boone

BradleyCalhoun

Carroll

Chicot

Clark

Clay

Cleburne

Cleveland

Columbia

Conway

Craighead

Crawford

Crittenden

Cross

Dallas

Desha

Drew

Faulkner

Franklin

Fulton

Garland

Grant

Greene

Hempstead

Hot Spring

Howard

Independence

Izard

Jackson

Jefferson

Johnson

Lafayette

Lawrence

Lee

Lincoln

Little River

Logan

Lonoke

Madison

Marion

Miller

Mississippi

MonroeMontgomery

Nevada

Newton

Ouachita

Perry

Phillips

Pike

Poinsett

Polk

Pope

PrairiePulaski

Randolph

St. Francis

Saline

Scott

Searcy

Sebastian

Sevier

Sharp

Stone

Union

Van Buren

Washington

WhiteWoodruff

Yell

Foreword & Acknowledgments

The University of Arkansas System Division of Agriculture Cooperative Extension Service is pleased to release these updated county profiles in hopes that these publications may serve as a useful tool for local officials, community leaders and economic development professionals. This publication provides a comparison and overview of the demographic, economic and social trends in Arkansas counties. The information is presented in graphs and maps to allow the reader to quickly grasp current trends and conditions and gain insight into local and regional contexts. We encourage leaders and decision makers to use this publication in conjunction with their knowledge of the local geography, culture and political environment to make wise decisions for Arkansas’ future. The state agencies providing data and assistance for this publication include the State Data Center at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock, the Arkansas Department of Workforce Services, the Arkansas Department of Education, and the Arkansas Department of Health and Human Services. We thank the many individuals at these departments and organizations for their quick response to our requests for information. Several departments and individuals of the University of Arkansas worked in collaboration to publish these county profiles. Wayne Miller, Community and Economic Development, coordinated the project. Thai Nguyen compiled the data and developed graphs and charts. Vuko Karov developed the maps and checked the data for accuracy. Chris Meux designed the cover, and Donna Rinke published the profiles on the Cooperative Extension website. Their many hours of effort are greatly appreciated. We hope you find this publication useful as you plan for the future of your communities. Tony E. Windham, Ph.D. Associate Vice President for Agriculture-Extension and Director, Cooperative Extension Service

II

II

III

IV

VI

1

6

8

12

17

18

21

22

23

26

28

28

29

Population………………………….……

Education………………………………

Table of Contents

Table of Contents………………………

List of Figures……………………………

Forward & Acknowledgments…….. ………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………

Internet Sources of Information…………………………………………………………………

Employment…………………………..

Income………………………………….

Retail………………………………….

Forestry……………………………...……

Poverty……………………………………

Household……………………………..

Agriculture………………………………

Health…………………………………

………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………

Glossary………………………………..

(For Local Staff Chair See Inside Backcover)

County Roads…………………………..

Property Assessment……………………

………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………

………………………….……………………………

………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………

…………………………...……………………………

………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………

III

Figure 1 1Figure 2 1Figure 3 2Figure 4 2Figure 5 3Figure 6 3Figure 7 4Figure 8 4Figure 9 5Figure 10 5

Figure 11 6Figure 12 6Figure 13 7Figure 14 7

Figure 15 8Figure 16 8Figure 17 9Figure 18 9Figure 19 10Figure 20 10Figure 21 11Figure 22 11

Figure 23 12Figure 24 12Figure 25 13Figure 26 13Figure 27 14Figure 28 14Figure 29 15Figure 30 15Figure 31 16Figure 32 16

Employment

FiguresPage

Labor Force………………………………………….……………………

Description Figure

Population

Education

Population of Hispanic Origin…………………..……………………..…

Change in Employment…………………………..……………….………Unemployment Rates………………………………..…………….………Unemployment Rates, State………………………………………….……Jobs by Sector……..……………………………….………………………

Total Personal Income……………………………………...……..………Income by Source…………………………………………….……………

Workforce by Occupation…………………………….……………………Changes in Jobs by Sector……………………...…………………..…….Jobs in Top Ten Manufacturing Sectors…………………………………

Population……………………………………..…………………...………Population Change……………………………………….………………

Migration of People………………………….……………………………

Population by Age Pyramid…………………………………………..……Population by Age …………………………...……………………………Population 65 and Older………………….………………………………Population Change of People 65 and Older……………..……………….

Public School Enrollment………………………...………………………Educational Attainment………………...…………………………………Expenditure Per Child……………………………………………..……..Revenue by Source…………………………………..……………………

Population by Household Type……………….………………………….Population by Race……………………………………...……………….

Income

Personal Income by Source………………………………….……………Median Household Income………………………………………………Per Capita Income, County………………………………………………Per Capita Income, State……………………………………..……………Earnings by Sector………….………………………...……………………Per Capita Unemployment Insurance Benefits…………………………..Value Added of Manufacturing Sectors……………...…………………..Earnings of Manufacturing Sector, State……………………...………...

IV

Figure 33 17Figure 34 17

Figure 35 18Figure 36 18Figure 37 19Figure 38 19Figure 39

20Figure 40 20



Figure 45 23Figure 46 23Figure 47 24Figure 48 24Figure 49 25Figure 50 25Figure 51 26

Figure 52 26Figure 53 27Figure 54 27

Figure 55 28

Figure 56 28

Proportion of Population Medicaid Eligible………………………...……

HealthInfant Mortality Rate…………………………………………………….…

Miles of County Roads Per Person…………………………………

Source of Farm Income, County & State…………………...……………Farm Income, County………………………………………….…………

Assessments Per Person………………………………………………….

Transportation

Percent of Land in Forest by County……………….……………………Area of Timberland by Ownership Class…………………..…………….

ForestryTimber Output……………………………………………………………

Property Assessments

Source of Farm Income, County………………………………...…………Number of Farms, County……………………………………...…………

Single Head of Family…………………………………………………Female Headed Families…………………………………………….……

AgricultureMarket Value of Agricultural Products Sold, County………...…………Market Value of Agricultural Products Sold, State……….…..…………Farms & Percent of Sales by Size………………………………...………

Households

Description Figure

Retail

FiguresPage

Total Retail Sales, County…………………………………………………Retail Sales Per Capita, State………………………………………………

Age Groups & Poverty……………………………………………………

Persons Below Poverty Level, County……………………………………Persons Below Poverty Level, State………………………………………

Poverty

Proportion of Students Receiving Free or Reduced Lunch………………Proportion of Population Participating in the Supplemented Nutrition Assistance

Teen Fertility Rate……………………………………………….………

V

Internet Sources of Information

Population Bureau of Census – 2010 Census .......................................http://2010.census.gov/2010census/data/ Bureau of Census ................................................................www.census.gov Bureau of Economic Analysis .............................................www.bea.gov/bea/regional/data.htm U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey ...........http://factfinder2.census.gov/

Education Arkansas Department of Education, ADE Data Center ......http://adedata.arkansas.gov/ Arkansas Public School Computer Network .......................http://www.apscn.org/reports/reports.htm U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey ...........http://factfinder2.census.gov/

Employment Arkansas Department of Workforce Services .....................www.arkansas.gov/esd/ Discover Arkansas, Labor Market Information ..................www.discoverarkansas.net/cgi/dataanalysis/ Bureau of Economic Analysis .............................................www.bea.doc.gov/bea/regional/data.htm U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey ...........http://factfinder2.census.gov/ Minnesota IMPLAN Group, Inc ......................................... www.implan.com

Income Bureau of Economic Analysis .............................................www.bea.gov/bea/regional/data.htm U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey ...........http://factfinder2.census.gov/ Discover Arkansas, Labor Market Information ..................www.discoverarkansas.net/cgi/dataanalysis/ Minnesota IMPLAN Group, Inc. ........................................ www.implan.com

Retail Sales Woods & Poole, 2011 ........................................................ www.woodsandpoole.com

Poverty Arkansas Department of Education, ADE Data Center ......http://adedata.arkansas.gov/ U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey ...........http://factfinder2.census.gov/ Arkansas Department of Human Services ..........................http://humanservices.arkansas.gov/

Health Arkansas Department of Health ..........................................www.healthyarkansas.com/data/data.html Arkansas Advocates for Children & Families .....................http://datacenter.kidscount.org/data/

Households U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey ...........http://factfinder2.census.gov/

Agriculture National Agricultural Statistical Service (NASS) ...............www.agcensus.usda.gov/Publications/2007/ Bureau of Economic Analysis .............................................www.bea.gov/bea/regional/data.htm

Forestry U.S. Forest Service .....................................................................http://srsfia2.fs.fed.us/php/tpo_2009/tpo_rpa_int1.php U.S. Forest Service, Southern Forest Inventory & Analysis ......http://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/

Property Assessments Arkansas Assessment Coordination Department ................www.arkansas.gov/acd/

Transportation Arkansas Highway & Transportation Department ..............www.arkansashighways.com

VI

Figure 1

Figure 2

Population

Source: July 2000 & July 2010 Population Estimates, U.S. Bureau of Census

Population, 1960-2010Calhoun County

Population grew most rapidly in Northwest & Central Arkansas counties and declined in some East and South Arkansas counties between 2000 and 2010.

Source: 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000 and 2010 Census of Population, U.S. Bureau of Census

The population of Calhoun County declined from a high of 6,079 in 1980 to 5,368 in 2010.

The Natural StatePopulation Change, 2000 to 2010

5,9915,573

6,079 5,826 5,7445,368

0

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

7,000

1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010

Number of People

1

Figure 3

Figure 4

There were more people living in Calhoun County between the ages of 15 to 19 and between the ages of 45 to 59 than in any other age groups.

Except for the increase of population of the 40 to 59 and 60 to 79 age groups, the population of other age groups in Calhoun County declined from 2000 to 2010.

Population

Calhoun County

Source: 2000 & 2010 Census of Population, U.S. Bureau of Census

Population by Age, 2000 & 2010

Source: U.S. Bureau of Census, 2010 Census Summary File 1

Calhoun CountyPercent of Total County Population by Age and Gender, 2010

305

1,2401,398

1,580

963

258264

1,0241,144

1,659

1,037

240

0200400600800

1,0001,2001,4001,6001,800

Under 5 (5‐19) (20‐39) (40‐59) (60‐79) (80+)

Age Groups

2000 2010

6%4%2%0%2%4%6%

Age 0 ‐ 5Age 5 ‐ 9

Age 10 ‐ 14Age 15 ‐ 19Age 20 ‐ 24Age 25 ‐ 29Age 30 ‐ 34Age 35 ‐ 39Age 40 ‐ 44Age 45 ‐ 49Age 50 ‐ 54Age 55 ‐ 59Age 60 ‐ 64Age 65 ‐ 69Age 70 ‐ 74Age 75 ‐ 79Age 80 ‐ 84

Age 85 +Males Females

2

Figure 5

Figure 6


Counties in Northcentral Arkansas had the highest proportion of people aged 65 and older in 2010.

The elderly population as a proportion of the total population grew most rapidly in Central and Northwest Arkansas from 2000 to 2010.

Population

Source: July 2010 Census of Population, U.S. Bureau of Census

The Natural State

Population 65 and Older, 2010The Natural State

Population Change of People 65 & Older, 2000 to 2010

3

Figure 7

Figure 8

Source: U.S. Bureau of Census, American Community Survey

Central & Northwest Arkansas had the highest domestic in-migration of people between 2005 and 2009, while Arkansas, Bradley, Clay, Desha, Mississippi, Pulaski, Sebastian, Sevier and Woodruff counties had the largest domestic out-migration

of people during this period.

Most of the people (81%) in Calhoun County lived in family households. The proportion of people living in each household type was about the same for Calhoun County as it was for the state.

Population

Calhoun County & State

Net Domestic Migration of People, 2005-2009*The Natural State

Population by Household Type, 2005-2009*


81%

16%3%

82%

15%3%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

Family Households Non‐Family Households Group Quarters

County State

*Note: The data were from the five‐year sample (2005‐2009) collected by the American Community Survey. Since this is sample data, the margin of error for counties with small populations may be large.

4

Figure 9

Figure 10

Population


Population by Race, 2010Calhoun County

Population of Hispanic Origin, State and County for 2000 & 2010

The proportion of Hispanic people living in Calhoun County increased slightly from one and one-half percent to about three percent between 2000 and 2010. The Hispanic population may be of any race: white, black or any other combination of

races.

Source: 2010 Census of Population, U.S. Bureau of Census

Seventy-five percent of the people living in Calhoun County were Caucasian. Twenty-two percent were African American. Other minorities represented about three percent of the population.


1%

3%3%

6%

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

7%

2000 2010

County State

1%

0%

0%

0%

22%

75%

1%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Two or more races

Hawaiian or Pac. Islander

Asian

Native Indian

African American

White

Other races

5

Figure 11

Figure 12


Source: Arkansas Department of Education (http://adedata.arkansas.gov/statewide/Counties/Enrollment.aspx)

Calhoun County had a smaller percentage of people who completed high school and a smaller percentage of people who had bachelors and professional degrees as compared to the state average in the five-year period 2005-2009.

Education

Public school enrollment in Calhoun County declined substantially from 1,185 students in 1983-1984 to 531 students in 2011-2012.


Public School Enrollment, 1983-1984 to 2011-2012Calhoun County

Educational Attainment, 2005-2009*

1,185

531

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

'83‐'84 '86‐'87 '89‐'90 '92‐'93 '96‐'97 '01‐'02 '04‐'05 '08‐'09 '11‐'12

Number of Students

22%

46%

17%

8%

5%

2%

18%

35%

22%

6%

13%

6%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

Non‐HS Graduate

High school graduate (includes equivalency)

Some college, no degree

Associate's degree

Bachelor's degree

Graduate or professional degree State

County


6

Figure 13

Figure 14

Calhoun County schools raised much more of their revenue from other sources of funds than did the average of all Arkansas public schools in the 2009-2010 school year.

Source: Arkansas Public School Computer Network (www.apscn.org/reports/hld/asr/asr.htm), Arkansas Department of Education

Schools in Calhoun County spent $9,773 per child in the 2011-2012 school year as compared to an average expenditure of $9,112 statewide.

Education


Education Expenditure Per Child, County & State 2011-2012 Calhoun County

Education Revenue By Source, County & State 2009-2010

Source: Arkansas Public School Computer Network (www.apscn.org/reports/hld/asr/asr.htm), Arkansas Department of Education

$9,773

$9,112

$8,600

$8,800

$9,000

$9,200

$9,400

$9,600

$9,800

$10,000

County State

Local Revenue28%

State Aid29%

Federal Aid9%

Other Sources of Funds34%

County

Local Revenue32%

State Aid48%

Federal Aid15%

Other Sources of Funds5%

State Average

7

Figure 15

Figure 16

Employment

Labor Force, 2000 to 2010Calhoun County & State

Calhoun County employment decreased slightly since 2006 and unemployment increased since 2008.Source: Labor Market Information, Arkansas Employment Security Department

Employment growth was highest in Central & Northwest Arkansas between 2000 and 2010.

Change in Employment, 2000 to 2010The Natural State

Source: Regional Economic Information System (REIS), Bureau of Economic Analysis

2,475 2,350

150 225

‐

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Employment Unemployment

8

Figure 17

Figure 18

Employment

Unemployment Rates, 1995 to 2010Calhoun County, State & United States

In general, Northwest, Central, and Western Arkansas counties had the lowest unemployment rates while Delta and Coastal Plain counties had the highest rates in 2010.

Source: Labor Market Information, Arkansas Employment Security Department

The unemployment rate in Calhoun County increased significantly since 2008 and stayed above the state average through 2010.

The Natural StateUnemployment Rates, 2010


9.1%

7.9%

9.6%

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

12%1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

County State U.S.

9

Figure 19

Figure 20

More people were employed in service occupations in Arkansas and in the United States than in any other occupation in 2010.

Source: Minnesota IMPLAN Group, Inc.

A large proportion of jobs in Calhoun County were in manufacturing (56%) in 2010. The share of manufacturing jobs in Calhoun County was considerably higher than the state average (11%). There were considerable missing data due to non-

disclosure of confidential information.

Employment

The Natural State & the Nation

Jobs by Sector, 2010Calhoun County

Workforce by Occupation, 2010

Source: Regional Economic Information System, Bureau of Economic Analysis (REIS)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

Managem

ent,

busine

ss, and

fin

ancial

Profession

al and

related Service

Sales and related

Office and

administrative

supp

ort

Farm

ing, fishing

and forestry

Constructio

n and

extractio

n

Installatio

n,

mainten

ance and

repair

Prod

uctio

n

Transportatio

n and material

moving

AR State United States

0%

3%

56%

5%

0%

2%

4%

9%

3%

0%

20%

1%

6%

11%

5%

8%

23%

13%

15%

5%

14%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

MiningConstruction

ManufacturingTransportation and …

Finance, insurance, real …Professional Services

Other ServicesGovernment and …

Farm & Farm ServicesTrade

Missing

State County

10

Figure 21

Figure 22


Arkansas State

Nearly 30 percent of the jobs in the manufacturing sector in 2010 in Arkansas were in the food processing industries.

Jobs in Top 10 Manufacturing Sectors, 2010

The government sector lost more jobs between 2001 and 2010 than any other sectors in Calhoun County. There were considerable missing data due to non-disclosure of confidential information.

Source: Regional Economic Information System, Bureau of Economic Analysis (REIS)

Employment

Changes in Jobs by Sector, 2001 to 2010Calhoun County

0

‐40 ‐41

4 0

‐48

13

‐129

‐29

0

147

‐150‐100‐500

50100150200

Mining

Constructio

n

Manufacturing

Transportatio

n and

public utilities

Finance, insurance,

real estate and …

Profession

al Services

Other Services

Governm

ent and

governmen

t …

Farm

& Farm Services

Trade

Missing

Data

29%

9%

7%

7%

6%

6%

6%

5%

5%

3%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35%

Food Products

Fabricated Metal Products

Transportation Equipment

Machinery

Paper Products

Plastics & Rubber Products

Wood Products

Electrical Equipment & Appliances

Primary Metal Products

Miscellaneous

11

Figure 23

Figure 24

Income from all three categories (net earnings; dividends, interest & rent; and transfer payments) increased between 1999 and 2010 in Calhoun County.

Source: Regional Economic Information System, U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis

Income

Calhoun County

Total Personal Income, 1994 to 2010 Calhoun County

Income by Source, 1999 & 2010


Total personal income in Calhoun County, in constant dollars, increased from $120 million in 1994 to $150 million in 2010.

$81

$120

$150

$0$20$40$60$80$100$120$140$160$180

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Millions of D

ollars

Current $ Constant $ 2010

$89

$17$28

$91

$18

$42

$0

$20

$40

$60

$80

$100

Net Earnings by Residence Dividends, Interest & Rent Transfer Payments

Constant $ 2010 (M

illion)

1999 2010

12

Figure 25

Figure 26

Calhoun County received a larger share of income from net earnings and transfer payments and a smaller share from dividends, interest & rent as compared to the state average in 2010.

Median household income in 2005-2009 was lower in Calhoun County than the state average.


Income


Income by Source, County and State 2010Calhoun County & State

Median Household Income, 2005-2009*


60%

12%

28%

58%

17%24%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Net Earnings by Residence Dividends, Interest & Rent Transfer Payments

County State

$32,450$28,469

$36,431$39,267 $38,984 $39,550

$0$5,000$10,000$15,000$20,000$25,000$30,000$35,000$40,000$45,000

Estimate Lower Estimate Upper Estimate

County State


13

Figure 27

Figure 28

Per capita incomes were highest in Central & Northwest Arkansas and lowest in some West & Northcentral counties in 2010.

Income

The Natural State

Per Capita Income, 1990 to 2010Calhoun County, State & United States

Per Capita Income, 2010


Calhoun County per capita income increased and stayed below both state and national averages from 1990 to 2010.

Source: Regional Economic Information System, U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis; 2010 Census of Population, U.S. Bureau of Census

$0

$5,000

$10,000

$15,000

$20,000

$25,000

$30,000

$35,000

$40,000

$45,000

1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Constant $ 2010

County State U.S.

14

Figure 29

Figure 30

Calhoun County residents received per capita unemployment insurance benefits that were higher than the state average from 2000 to 2010.

Source: Regional Economic Profiles, Bureau of Economic Analysis

Income


Earnings by Sector, 2010Calhoun County

Per Capita Unemployment Insurance Benefits, 2000 to 2010

Source: Regional Economic Profiles, Bureau of Economic Analysis

The manufacturing sector accounted for eighty percent of total earnings in Calhoun County in 2010 and compised a much larger share of total earnings as compared to the state as a whole.

$0

$50

$100

$150

$200

$250

$300

$350

$400

$450

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Constant $ 2010

County State

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90%

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Transportation & Public Utilities

Finance, Insurance, Information and Estate

Professional Services

Other Services

Government & Government Enterprises

Farm and Farm Services

Trade State

County

15

Figure 31

Figure 32

Average weekly earnings in the manufacturing sector ranged from a high of $1,089 in the paper products industry to a low of $423 in the apparel industry in 2010.


Income

Arkansas State

Value Added of Manufacturing Sectors, 2010Arkansas State

Average Weekly Earnings, 2010


Most of the value added in the manufacturing sector in Arkansas came from food, paper and fabricated metal products in 2010.

$423$462

$591$655$668$713$741

$807$823$841$857$858

$1,073$1,082$1,089

$0 $200 $400 $600 $800 $1,000 $1,200

Apparel ProductsLeather and Allied Products

Food ProductsFurniture and Related …

Wood ProductsPrinting

MachineryTransportation EquipmentFabricated Metal ProductsPlastics & Rubber ProductsElectrical Equipment and …

Textile Mill ProductsChemical Products

Primary Metal ProductsPaper Products

21%12%

11%7%7%6%6%6%

5%4%

3%3%2%2%2%1%1%

1%0%0%

0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25%

Food ProductsPaper Products

Fabricated Metal ProductsElectircal Equipment & Appliances

Machinery ProductsPlastics & Rubber ProductsTransportation Equipment

Primary Metal ProductsChemical Products

Wood ProductsMiscellaneous

Petroleum & Coal ProductsNonmetal Mineral ProductsFurniture & related Products

Printing & RelatedBeverage & Tobacco

Computer & Other ElectronicsTextile Mills

Leather & AlliedTextile Products

16

Figure 33

Figure 34

Calhoun County retail sales increased from $17 million in 1990 to $20 million in 2006, then declined to $16 million in 2010.

Retail sales per capita were highest in counties that are regional trade centers in 2010.

Retail

The Natural State

Total Retail Sales, 1990 to 2010Calhoun County

Retail Sales Per Capita, 2010

Source: Woods & Poole, 2011.

Source: Woods & Poole, 2011; 2010 Census of Population, U.S. Bureau of Census

$17

$20

$16

$0

$5

$10

$15

$20

$251990

1991

1992

1993

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Constant $ 2010 (M

illion)

17

Figure 35

Figure 36

The estimated poverty level was highest in the Delta with many counties having a poverty level over twenty-one percent in the five-year period from 2005 to 2009..

Poverty

The Natural State

Persons Below Poverty Level, 1989, 1999 & 2005-2009*Calhoun County & State

Estimated People Below Poverty Level, 2005-2009*


The estimated poverty level was lower in Calhoun County than the state average in 1989 and during the period of 2005-2009.


16%17%

12%

18%

16%

18%

0%

3%

5%

8%

10%

13%

15%

18%

20%

1989 1999 2005‐2009

County State


18

Figure 37

Figure 38

There was a wide range in the proportion of students who received free and reduced price school lunches across the seventy-five counties in the 2009-2010 school year. Participation rates ranged from thirty-five percent to one-hundred

percent with a higher percentage of youth in the Delta Region counties receiving free and reduced price lunches.

Poverty

The Natural State

Age Groups & Estimated Poverty, 2005-2009*Calhoun County & State

Proportion of Students Receiving Free or Reduced Price Lunch, 2009-2010


Calhoun County had an estimated poverty rate substantially lower than the state average in the five-year period 2005-2009. Calhoun County also had a lower proportion of their children, but a larger proportion of elderly people living in poverty than

the state average.

Source: Arkansas Department of Education

10%

19%

12%

26%

12%

18%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

(0‐17) (65 and Over) Total

County State


19

Figure 39

Figure 40

A substantial percentage of the population (between 30% and 51%) was eligible for Medicaid in thirty-six counties in 2010, primarily located in the Eastern and Southern parts of the state.

A larger proportion of people living in the Delta counties and Columbia, Jefferson and Lafayette counties participated in the Supplemented Nutrition Assistance Program when compared to people in other parts of the state in 2010.

Poverty

The Natural State

Proportion of Population Participating in the Supplemented Nutrition Assistance Program, 2010

The Natural State

Proportion of Population Medicaid Eligible, 2010

Source: 2010 Statistical Report, Arkansas Department of Human Services

Source: 2010 Statistical Report, Arkansas Department of Human Services

20

Figure 41

Figure 42

Source: Arkansas Advocates for Children & Families

The teen fertility rate varied from County to County and was highest in some Delta and Coastal Plain counties in the five-year period from 2006 to 2010. Counties with the highest teen fertility rates included Bradley, Crittenden, Desha,

Hempstead, Mississippi, Monroe, Ouachita, Phillips, Poinsett, St. Francis, Scott, Sevier, and Yell counties.

Health

The Natural State

Infant Mortality Rate, 2006-2010The Natural State

Teen Fertility Rate, 2006-2010

The infant mortality rate was highest in the Bradley, Crittenden, Dallas, Newton, Ouachita, Perry, Prairie, and Stone counties in the five-year period from 2006 to 2010.

Source: Arkansas Advocates for Children & Families

21

Figure 43

Figure 44

Households

Female headed families as a proportion of total families in Calhoun County increased from eleven percent in 1970 to eighteen percent in 2005-2009, which was slightly less than the state average.

The Delta counties and the Coastal Plains counties had the highest proportion of families with only a single parent present in 2010.

The Natural State

Female Headed Families, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000 & 2005-2009*Calhoun County & State

Single Head of Family, 2005-2009*

Source: 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000 Census of Population & 2010 American Community Survey, U.S. Bureau of Census

Source: American Community Survey, U.S Bureau of Census

11% 12% 12% 11%

18%

10%12%

15%13%

19%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

1970 1980 1990 2000 2005‐2009

County State


22

Figure 45

Figure 46

Agriculture

The market value (in constant dollars) of agricultural products sold in Calhoun County decreased substantially from $4.7 million in 1978 to $1.3 million in 1992, and then increased to $3 million in 2007.

The two counties with the highest market value of agricultural production were in Northwest Arkansas. However, many Delta and Highlands counties also ranked high in terms of the market value of agricultural production in 2007.

The Natural State

Market Value of Agriculture Products Sold, 1978 to 2007Calhoun County

Market Value of Agriculture Products Sold, 2007

Source: 2007 Census of Agriculture, National Agricultural Statistical Service


$1$1 $1 $1

$2

$2

$4.7

$2.5

$1.9

$1.3

$2.2$2.6

$2.9

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

4.5

5.0

1978 1982 1987 1992 1997 2002 2007

Million Dollars

Current $ Constant $ 2007

23

Figure 47

Figure 48

Agriculture

Seventy-four percent of the farms in Calhoun County had sales of less than $10,000 in 2007. These farms accounted for about three percent of total farm sales. Due to the lack of available data, the unknown column was considerably high.


The number of farms in Calhoun County declined from 398 in 1964 to 101 in 2007.

Calhoun County

Farms & Farm Sales by Size, 2007Calhoun County

Number of Farms, 1964 to 2007


398

206

171146

127 116 112 116101

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

1964 1974 1978 1982 1987 1992 1997 2002 2007

Farms

74%

21%

1% 0% 2% 2%3%

12%

0% 0% 0% 0%

86%

0%10%

20%

30%40%

50%

60%70%

80%

90%

< $10,000 $10,000 to $49,999

$50,000 to $99,999

$100,000 to $249,999

$250,000 to $499,999

$500,000+ Unknown*

Farms

Market Value Ag. Products

*Note: Due to the lack of available data, the unknown column was added for the missing data

24

Figure 49

Figure 50

Livestock and products sales were the major source of farm income for Calhoun County farmers in 1999, 2003 and 2010. Income from livestock and products declined during this period.

Calhoun County farmers received a higher proportion of farm income from livestock and products when compared to all Arkansas farmers in 2010.


Agriculture



Source of Farm Income, County 1999, 2003 & 2010Calhoun County

Source of Farm Income, County & State 2010

58%

27%

2%

13%

53%

36%

4% 6%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Livestock & Products Crops Government Payments

Imputed & Misc. Income Received

County State

$2.9

$0.2 $0.2$0.5

$2.9

$0.6

$0.1

$0.5

$2.1

$1.0

$0.1

$0.5

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

Livestock & Products Crops Government Payments

Imputed & Misc. Income Received

Constant $ 2010 (M

illion)

1999 2003 2010

25

Figure 51

Figure 52

Source: U.S. Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis National Program

Timber output of Calhoun County (both softwood and hardwood) decreased substantially between 1999 and 2009.

Agriculture & Forestry

Calhoun County

Farm Income, 1994 to 2010Calhoun County

Timber Output, 1999 & 2009


Farm income from livestock and products sales increased from $2.4 million in 1994 to $3.8 million in 2005, then declined to $2.1 million in 2010 in Calhoun County.

$2.4

$3.8

$2.1

0.00.51.01.52.02.53.03.54.04.5

1994

1995

1996

1997

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010Constant $ 2010 (M

illion)

Livestock Crops Government Payment Imputed Income

19,784

12,882

3,969 2,537

23,753

15,419

0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

1999 2009

1,000 Cu

bic Feet

Softwood Hardwood Total

26

Figure 53

Figure 54

Over seventy-five percent of the land area in many Coastal Plain and Ouachita Highland counties qualified as timber acreage in 2010.

Source: Southern Forest Inventory & Analysis, Southern Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, USDA.

The total timber acreage in Calhoun County was 350,000 acres in 2010. Farmers/ranchers and private individuals owned a large share (over 98%) of the timberland in Calhoun County.

Forestry

Calhoun County

Area of Timberland by Ownership Class, 2010Calhoun County

Percent of Land in Forest By County, 2010

Source: Southern Forest Inventory & Analysis, Southern Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, USDA.

‐

‐

‐

‐

‐

6

‐

‐

344

0 25 50 75 100

125

150

175

200

225

250

275

300

325

350

375

National Forest System

National Park Service

Fish and Wildlife Service

Dept of Defense

Other federal

State

County and Municipal

Other Local Govt

Private

Thousand Acres

27

Figure 55

Figure 56

Property Assessment & Roads

In general, sparsely populated counties had more miles of County roads to maintain per person than more densely populated counties in 2010.

The average property assessments per person in 2010 varied greatly among Arkansas counties, from $7,427 to $27,781.

The Natural State

Property Assessments Per Person, 2010The Natural State

Miles of County Roads Per Person, 2010

Source: Arkansas Assessment Coordination Department, Little Rock, Arkansas; 2010 Census of Population, U.S. Bureau of Census

Source: Road and Street Report, Arkansas State Highway Commission

28

GlossaryAGRICULTURAL SERVICES Includes establishments primarily engaged in performing soil preparation services, crop services, veterinary and other animal services, farm labor and management services, and landscape and horticultural services, for others on a contract or fee basis. CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE The sum of all employed and unemployed persons 16 years of age or older. Members of the Armed Forces are excluded. "CONSTANT $" Figures adjusted for inflation using the Consumer Price Index, 1982-1984 = 100. “CURRENT $” Figures not adjusted for inflation. CONSTRUCTION Includes general building contractors (residential, operative, and nonresidential); heavy construction contractors (highway, street, etc.); and special trade contractors (plumbing, heating, air conditioning, painting, paper hanging, electrical, masonry, stonework, roofing, sheet metal, concrete, and miscellaneous special trade contractors). DELIVERED VALUE OF HARVESTED TIMBER The value of harvested timber delivered to the first processing point. The value includes the value of the timber (stumpage value), the cost of harvesting, and the cost of transporting the timber to thefirst processing point. EARNINGS Earnings include wages and salaries, other labor income, and proprietors' income by place of work. EMPLOYMENT An estimate of the number of persons, on a place-of-residence basis, who worked anytime for pay or profit or worked 15 hours or more as an unpaid family worker during the week of reference (the week including the 12th of the month). Also included are those who, although not working, had some job attachment and were not looking for work, and persons involved in labor-management disputes. FAMILY HOUSEHOLDS Includes a householder and one or more other persons living in the same household who are related to the householder by birth, marriage, or adoption. The number of family households always equals the number of families; however, a family household may also include non-relatives living with the family. Families are classified by type as either a married-couple family or other family which is further classified into "male householder" (a family with a male householder and no wife present) or "female householder" (a family with a female householder and no husband present). FARMING Includes businesses whose primary source of revenue is from crop and livestock production. FEMALE HEADED FAMILIES A family with a female householder and no husband present. FINANCIAL SERVICES Financial, insurance, and real estate services. GOVERNMENT Employees of city, county, state and federal governments. IMPUTED & MISC. INCOME RECEIVED Consists of imputed income, such as gross rental value of dwellings and value of home consumption, and other farm related income components, such as machine hire and custom work income, rental income, and income from forest products. INCOME Total income is the algebraic sum of the amount reported separately for wage or salary income; non-farm net self-employment income; farm net self-employment income; interest, dividend, net royalty or rental income; social security or railroad retirement income; public assistance or welfare income and all other income. INFANT MORTALITY RATE The number of infant deaths (under one year of age) per 1,000 live births. JOBS The number of full-time and part-time jobs in a geographic area. MANUFACTURING Includes manufacturing industries dealing with food and kindred products; textile mill products; apparel products; lumber and wood products; furniture and fixtures; paper and allied products; printing and publishing; chemicals; petroleum and coal; rubber and miscellaneous plastics; leather; stone, clay and glass; primary metal industries; fabricated metal products; machinery; electrical and electronic equipment; transportation equipment; instruments; and miscellaneous industries.

29

Glossary

MARKET VALUE OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS SOLD The gross market value before taxes and production expenses of all agricultural products sold or removed from place regardless of who received payment. It includes sales by the operator as well as the value of any shares received by partners, landlords, contractors, or others associated with the operation. It does not include payment received for participation in federal farm programs nor does it include income from farm-related sources such as agricultural services, or income from non-farm sources. MINING Includes extraction of oil and gas, non-metallic minerals, sand and gravel. NET DOMESTIC MIGRATION The difference between domestic in-migration to an area and domestic out-migration from the area during the period. PER CAPITA INCOME The per capita income is the total personal income divided by the total population of the area studied. The per capita income measure should be used with care. In the short run, it may temporarily vary from the result of unusual conditions (bumper crops, a major construction project or a catastrophe). In the long run, it may misrepresent the economic well-being of the general population because of the presence of a large institutional population (college, prison). While per capita income reflects average income per person, it does not accurately reflect family unit spendable income. PERSONAL INCOME The total income received by residents of an area, including earnings, transfer payments, and interest, dividends and rent. POVERTY LEVEL An individual or household is considered to be living below the poverty level when their income is below an income threshold established by the Bureau of Census. The income cutoffs used by the Bureau of Census to determine the poverty status of families and unrelated individuals consist of a set of 48 thresholds arranged in a two-dimensional matrix consisting of family size cross-classified by presence and number of family members under 18 years old. RETAIL SALES Includes sales from general merchandise stores; department stores; variety stores; food, bakery and dairy stores; automotive dealers; gasoline stations; eating and drinking establishments; and other retail trade establishments. SINGLE HEAD OF FAMILY Single head of a family with no spouse present. SERVICES Includes a variety of items ranging from hotels to attorneys. Included in this category are hotels and other lodging places; personal services (laundry, photographic studios, beauty shops, shoe repair, funeral services); business services (advertising, mailing, news syndicates, personnel supply services, computer services); auto repair services and garages (retail, parking, repair); miscellaneous repair services (electrical, etc.); amusement and recreation services (orchestra, dance halls, etc.); health services (physicians, dentists, nursing care facilities, hospitals, medical labs, outpatient care); legal services; educational services; social services (job training, individual and family services, day care); membership organizations (business, professional, labor, civic, social, etc.); engineering and architectural services; and other similar services. STUMPAGE VALUE OF HARVESTED TIMBER The value of timber harvested going to the landowner. TEEN FERTILITY RATE is the birth rate for women 15 to 19 years of age. It is the number of live births per 1000 women 15-19 years of age. TRADE Includes wholesale and retail trade. TRANSPORTATION Includes railroads; trucking service and warehousing; other transportation services (bus, air, and U.S. postal service); communication systems (radio, T.V., etc.); and utilities and sanitary services. UNEMPLOYMENT An estimate of the number of persons who, for the entire week of reference (the week including the 12th of the month), did not work at all, were able to work, and available for work, and (1) were looking for work, or (2) would have looked for work except that (a) they were waiting to return to a job from which they had been laid off, or (b) they were waiting to report to a new job. UNEMPLOYMENT RATE The number of unemployed workers as a percentage of the civilian labor force.

30

Name: Linda Sims

Address: P. O. Box 38,

Phone: (office)

Fax:

or

Email:

Local Cooperative Extension Office

Calhoun County Staff Chair District

Ouachita District

[email protected]

870-798-2210

870-798-2231

Hampton, AR 71744

***For additional copies of the County Profile or information on your county,

please contact your County Staff Chair listed above.***

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