course 5 groundwater investigation ina.compressed
DESCRIPTION
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
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Teknik Pengendalian Air Tambang
Shalaho Dina Devy
Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
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Investigasi Airtanah
(Post Midterm-3)
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
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Survey Permukaan dan Bawah Permukaan Airtanah
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Kenapa diperlukan survey airtanah?
Potensi daerah untuk pengembangan airtanah
1. Akuifer produktif baik
2. Permukaan airtanah dangkal
3. Kualitas airtanah baik
4. Akuifer terjaga/terlindungi dari kontaminan/pencemaran
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Objek Survey Airtanah
Objek penelitian airtanah harus jelas dari awal, seperti:
1. Pengunaan/pemanfaatan untuk apa?
2. Kualitas dan kuantitas yang diinginkan?
3. Daerah penelitian?
4. Prediksi?
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Investigasi Airtanah
Pendahuluan dan persiapan Studi awal prakelayakan Studi kelayakan
Pilot Project (proyek percobaan) Pengembangan
Exploration
Exploitation and
Management
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Skema Survey Airtanah
Surface
Investigation
Sub-Surface
Investigation
Direct Indirect
Geologic
Investigation
Hydrology
Geography
Climatology
Agriculture, etc
Supplemented by:
Remote
Sensing
Surface
Geophysic
al Method
Exploration
well
Geophysical
Logging
Drilling
Pumping Test
Groundwater
Quality Test
Resistivity
Log
SP Log
GR Log, etc
Groundwater
Survey
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Investigasi permukaan airtanah
Metode-metode investigasi geologi
Penginderaan jauh
Geofisik
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Investigasi geologi
Investigasi geologi dimulai dari:
1. Collection, analysis and hydrogeologicinterpretation of existing data data sekunder.
2. Dilengkapi dengan kondisi geologi awal.
3. Dilengkapi dengan evaluasi data hidrologi, aliran sungai dan mata air, keberadaan sumur (bor), imbuhan dan luahan airtanah, permukaan dan kualitas air
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Lithostratigraphy
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Hydrostratigraphy
Sand & Gravel
Sand
Shale / Mudstone
Till
Clay
Stratigraphic Lithologic Hydrostratigraphic
Surficial Deposits Surficial Aquitard
Floral Aquifer
Floral Fm
Floral Aquitard
Empress Gp Empress Aquifer
Bearpaw Fm Bedrock Aquitard
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Contoh KasusStudi Hidrogeologi Sarasuta - Saraswaka
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Remote Sensing (Penginderaan jauh)
• Identifikasi kondisi permukaan dari hasil penginderaanjauh yang bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kondisiairtanah:
1. Topografi kondisi relief regional dan lokal
2. Geologi daratanseperti lapisan permeabel
3. Danau dan sungai
4. Penurunan muka air (lingkungan rawa) dan infiltrasi
5. Mata air (tergantung daerah penelitian)
6. Kondisi air (buatan) sumur, tampungan air,saluran air, pengembangan mata air
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Satellite Image
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Eksplorasi geofisika permukaan
Metode listrik resistivity
Metode seismic Refraction
Metode gravitasi dan magnetik
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Electric Resistivity Method
Resistivity of rocks depend on:
1. The water content (porosity)
2. The resistivity of the water
3. The clay content
4. The content in metallic mineral
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Electrical Circuit for Resistivity Determination
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Faculty of Engineering
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Faculty of Engineering
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Resistivity value of sediments and rocks
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Faculty of Engineering
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
FENCE DIAGRAM OF HYDROGEOLOGY SYSTEM
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Faculty of Engineering
3-D MODEL OF AQUIFER SYSTEM
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Other surface geophysical survey
Seismic Refraction the actual presence ofgroundwater is difficult to determine withoutsupplemental information because velocitiesoverlap in saturated and unsaturated zones.
Gravity Method indicate subsurface geologicalstructure, differences in water content insubsurface strata seldom involve measurabledifferences in specific gravity at surface, littleapplication to groundwater prospecting
Magnetic Method magnetic contrast is seldomassociated with groundwater occurrence, themethod has little relevant to groundwater studies
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Seismic Velocity of Geologic Materials
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Subsurface Groundwater Survey
Exploration Well / Drilling
Well Logging
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Test Drilling
Test drilling of small diameter holes to ascertain geologic and groundwater condition.
The choice of method (cable tool, hydraulic rotary method, auger method, jetting, etc) depends on the type of material encountered, drilling depth and location.
Important result Geologic Log, Drilling-Time Log (Hydraulic Rotary Method), Water Level Measurement (electric water level sounder)
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Geologic Log, Drilling Time Log
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Geophysical Logging
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Geophysical Logging
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Geophysical Logging
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Mulawarman UniversityMining Engineering Department
Faculty of Engineering
Logging Data