course outline cvlr i

8/13/2019 Course Outline CVLR I

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CIVIL LAW REVIEWTARLAC STATE UNIVERSITY

College of LawCivil Law Review

Course Outline

PERSONS AND A!ILY RELATIONS

I. EFFECT AND APPLICATIONS OF LAW

A" #eneral Con$e%ts of Law

1. Concepts of Law2. Characteristics of Law3. enera! Di"isions of Law# enera! or P$%!ic Law& In'i"i'$a! or

Pri"ate Law(. Co'ification of Laws). So$rces of the Ci"i! Co'e

*. Effect an' App!ication of Laws + New Ci"i! Co'e

1. When !aw ta,es effect- NCC Art. 22. Cases# Taa'a "s. T$"era- 1(/ SC0A ((/& a!i "s.-

Estnis!ao 24 SC0A ((/ 514426& PN* "s. 7e8a-- 3/ SC0A 335216

C. I8norance of the Law- NCC Art. 3

1. 0easons for Pres$ption of 9now!e'8e of the Law2. Laws co"ere'3. :ista,e of Fact a; e


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2. :an'ator; "s. Director; Laws3. Eect- O%>ect Efficient Ca$se2. 9in's of 0i8hts3. Definition of Wai"er(. E


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1. re!ati"e to Fai!; ri8hts an' '$ties an' !e8a! capacit; ofFi!ipino citiens.

2. Cases# 7an Dorn 7s. CA 134 scra 134& *oar' ofCoissioners "s. De!a 0aa 14@ SC0A ?)3& De Ta"era "s.

Phi!. T$%erc$!osis Societ;- 112 SC0A 2(3& Lorente "s.San'i8an%a;an- 22 SC0A 34& CI0 "s. Fireens F$n'Ins$rance Co. 1(? SC0A 31)

3. 0$!e on propert;(. 0$!e on the fors an' so!enities of contracts.). Other conf!ict of !aw r$!es#

a. Art. ?22 Ci"i! Co'e%. Art. 134 Ci"i! Co'ec. Art. 1@)3 Ci"i! Co'e'. Art. 2/ Fai!; Co'ee. Art. ? Fai!; Co'e

II" &u'an Relations ( New Civil Co)e1. A. Art.

1422

1.Test of A%$se of 0i8ht

2. What is oo' Faith

3. A%$se in Contract$a! 0e!ations

(. *reach of Proise to :arr;

). Concept of n>$st EnrichentGDistin8$ish fro So!$tio In'e%iti 5Art.21)( of the Ci"i! Co'e6

/. . Cases# Wasser "s. 7e!e 12 scra /(?& Lorente "s. San'i8an%a;an-22 SC0A 34& CI0 "s. Fireens F$n' Ins$rance Co. 1(? SC0A 31)

*. In'epen'ent Ci"i! Actions1. 0eason for a!!owin8 in'epen'ent ci"i! action2. Difference of !ia%i!it; of ep!o;er $n'er the 0e"ise' Pena! Co'e an' Art.21?3. Cases# 0e;es Tr$c,in8 Corporation "s. Peop!e- 2?1 SC0A ?4

C. Pre>$'icia! $estions +CASES* Uypitching, et al. v. Quiamco- .0. No. 1(/322- Dece%er /- 2/Pa!a De"e!opent Corp. ". :$nicipa!it; of :a!an8as- Ha%oan8a De! S$r-()4 Phi!. 1(2- 1) 5236&


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0ep$%!ic ". Co$rt of Appea!s- No. L3133(- :a; 31- 14@?- ?3 SC0A ()3-(?6.Le'esa "s. CA- 1/ SC0A ((4

PERSONS an) A!ILY RELATIONS

I" Persons an) Personalit+ ( New Civil Co)e

A. Ci"i! Persona!it;1. Concept of Person

2. C!asses of Persons3. Concept an' Characteristics of Persona!it;

*. Capacit; to Act1. 9in's of Capacit;# B$ri'ica! an' Capacit; to Act2. Difference of Capacit; to Act an' B$ri'ica! Capacit;3. 0estrictions on Capacit; to Act- NCC 3?34

a. :inorit; 0.A. /?4& Art. @4@- 1(?4 Ci"i! Co'e& Art. 1(- 2n'

par. FC& Art. 11 0PC& Art. 21?2

%.Insanit; an' I%eci!it; + Art. 132?- Art. 132@- 1344- Art. 110PC- Art. 21?2

'. Deaf :$tes + Art. 132@- Art. ?@- Art. ?2e. Pro'i8a!s + 0$!e 42- Sec. 2 0$!es of Co$rtf. Incopetent + Art. 13)- 1(3 Fai!; Co'e& Art. 3( 0PC8. Inso!"enc; + Sec. @- Act 14)/ 5inso!"enc; Law6h. A!iens an' citienship

C. *I0T," Co''en$e'ent of %ersonalit+-" Personalit+ of a $on$eive) $.il)

D. Death1. E


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1. Nat$re of :arria8e- Art. 1a. Two aspects of arria8e# as a contract an' as a stat$s2. 9in's of 0e=$isites- Arts. 23& Essentia! an' Fora!3. Effect of a%sence of re=$isites- Art. (

(. Essentia! + Art. )a. A8e- Art. ) ). Cereon;- Art. /

/. Fora! + Arts. @- 31- 32@. So!eniin8 a$thorit;- Art. @?- 1

a. E


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TE00E 7S. TE00E- 211 SC0A /& AP 7S. CA- 1() SC0A 224& 0EP*LIC7S. NOLASCO- 22 SC0A 2

8. Effects of 7oi' :arria8e

1. On Stat$s of chi!'ren2. On propert; re!ations

D. Ann$!!a%!e arria8e- Arts. 1(- ()(/E. 7oi'a%!e arria8es- Art. ()(@F. Presence of prosec$tor- Art. (?. Pen'enc; of action- Art. (4. Effects of n$!!it;- Arts. ))(I. Necessit; of a >$'icia! 'ec!aration of a "oi' arria8eB. An Action to ann$! arria8e is an action in re

9. As a pre>$'icia! =$estion in a criina! prosec$tion for %i8a;L. 0atification

1. 7oi'a%!e arria8es s$%>ect to ratification2. 7oi'a%!e arria8es not s$%>ect to ratification

:. Prescription of fi!in8 n$!!it; an' ann$!ent of arria8e

CASES# Co>$an8co "s Pa! A.C. No. 2(@( B$ne 3- 2)& PA*LOAL*E0TO7S. CO0T OF APPEALS .0. Nos. 1)(44( an' 1)/2)( B$ne 2?- 2)

III" Legal Se%aration

A. Difference with ann$!ent- n$!!it; of arria8e.*. ro$n's- Art. ))- corre!ate with 0ep$%!ic Act. 42/2- Anti7io!ence

A8ainst Woen an' Chi!'renC. *. Defenses- Arts. )/)@D. Coo!in8off Perio'- Art. )?E. 0econci!iation efforts- Art. )4F. Case# Lap$ "s. E$feio- (3 SC0A 31(. Confession of B$'8ent- Art. /. Effects of Fi!in8 Petition- Art. /1I. CASE# Lera "s. CA- /1 SC0A ((B. Effects of pen'enc;- Art. /2

9. Effects of !e8a! separation- Arts. /3/(L. 0econci!iation- Arts. /)/@

IV" Rig.ts an) O7ligations 8etween &us7an) an) WifeA. Essentia! O%!i8ations- Art. /?*. Fai!; 'oici!e- Art. /4C. S$pport- Art. @D. :ana8eent of ho$seho!'- Art. @1


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E. Effect of ne8!ect of '$t;- Art. @2F. Eo;ent an' Disposition of theCo$nit; Propert;- Arts. 4/4?

). Disso!$tion of Co$nit; 0e8ie- Arts. 4411/. Li=$i'ation of the A%so!$te Co$nit; Assets an' Lia%i!ities- Arts.

121(

E. Con>$8a! Partnership of ains1. enera! Pro"ision- Arts. 1)1?2. Eo- 1(/ SC0A 2?2C$enca "s. C$enca- 1/? SC0A 33)Bocson s. CA- 1@ SC0A 3330e;es "s. A!e>an'ro- 1(1 SC0A /)

4. Disso!$tion of CP 0e8ie- Arts. 12/12?1. Li=$i'ation of the Con>$8a! Partnership Assets an' Lia%i!ities- Arts.

124133


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F. Separation of Propert; of the Spo$ses an' A'inistration of CoonPropert; %; One Spo$se D$rin8 the :arria8e- Arts. 13(1(2

. Case# :anoto, 0ea!t; Inc. "s. Co$rt of Appea!s- 1(4 SC0A 3@2. 0e8ie of Separation of Propert;- Arts. 1(31(/I. Cases# PartosaBo "s. Co$rt of Appea!s- 21/ SC0A /42& To'a "s. Co$rt

of Appea!s- 1?3 SC0A @13&B. Propert; 0e8ie of nions Witho$t :arria8e- Arts. 1(@1(?9. Case# :a


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3. Who a; %e a'opte'(. B$ris'iction an' "en$e an' a'option procee'in8s). Whose consents are nee'e' for the inten'e' a'option/. Le8a! effects of a'option

a. Parenta! a$thorit;

%. Le8itiac;c. S$ccession

@. Decree of A'optiona. effecti"it;%. what $st it statec. re8istration

?.Crie of Si$!ation of *irth4. 0escission of A'option

a. Who a; fi!e

%. ro$n'sc. Can the a'opter rescin' the a'optionJ'. B$ris'iction an' "en$ee. Tie within which to fi!e the petitionf. Cases# Cer"antes "s. FA>ar'o- 1/4 SC0A )@)Sa;son "s. CA- 2) SC0A 321

8.ADOPTION& ILLEITI:ATE CILD IN TE :ATTE0 OF TEADOPTION OF STEPANIE NAT ASTO0A A0CIA .0.No. 1(?311. :arch 31- 2)

C. 0A ?(3- The Law on Inter Co$ntr; A'option

1. Nat$re2. Who a; A'opt# =$a!ifications2. Who a; %e a'opte'# =$a!ifications

I9" Su%%ort

A. What it Coproises- Art. 14(*. Who are O%!i8e'- Arts. 14)14@- 1442- 2/2?C. S$pport '$rin8 arria8e !iti8ation- Art. 14?D. Case# Santero "s. CA- 1)3 SC0A @2?E. Ao$nt- Arts. 2122F. When Dean'a%!e- Art. 23. Options- Art. 2(


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. Attachent- Art. 2)9" Parental Aut.orit+

A. enera! Pro"isions- Arts. 2421)

*. Case# nson "s. Na"arro- 11 SC0A 1?3C. S$%stit$te an' Specia! Parenta! A$thorit;- Arts. 21/214D. Effect of Parenta! A$thorit; $pon the Persons of the Chi!'ren- Arts. 2222(E. Cases# Taar8o "s. CA- 24 SC0A )1?& Li%i "s. CA- 21( SC0A 1/

F. . Effects of Parenta! A$thorit; $pon the Propert; of the Chi!'ren- Arts.22)22@

. Case# *a'i!!o "s. Ferrer- 1)2 SC0A (@

. S$spension or Terination of Parenta! A$thorit;- Arts. 22?233

0A @/1 + Chi!' A%$se Law9I" E'an$i%ationArts. 23( an' 23/- as aen'e' %; 0A /?49II" Su''ar+ 1u)i$ial Pro$ee)ings in t.e a'il+ Law9III" inal Provisions + 0etroacti"e effect- Art. 2)/EXCLUDE:!rts. %5-%55, %5"9IV" uneral- NCC Arts. 3)34

E$8enio "s. 7e!e- 1?) SC0A (2)EXCLUDE: Care and ducation o/ Children, !rts. &5#-&9V" Use of surna'esArts. 3/(3/4- 3/43? 5other artic!es repea!e' %; Fai!; Co'e6

Cases# To!entino "s. CA- 1/2 SC0A //0ep$%!ic "s. :arcos- 1?2 SC0A 2230ep$%!ic "s. CA- 24 SC0A 1?49VI" A7sen$e + NCC Art. (3& Art. (1 Fai!; Co'e

A. Pro"isiona! eas$res in Case of A%sence- Arts. 3?13?3*. Dec!aration of A%sence- Arts. 3?(3?4

D. Case# 0e;es "s. A!e>an'ro- 1(1 SC0A /)E. A'inistration of the Propert; of the A%sentee- arts. 3?@

3?4


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E. Pres$ption of Death- Arts. 34342EXCLUDE:!rts. &*&-&*#, contingent assets9VII" Civil Registrar

1. Arts. (@(13

Cases# 0ep$%!ic "s. CFI of Caarines S$r- 1/1 SC0A /?1La%a;o0owe "s. 0ep$%!ic- 1/? SC0A 24(0ep$%!ic "s. CA- 211 SC0A /)@*. 0A 4(?c!erica! errorsC. 0$!e 1?- 0$!es of Co$rt


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PROPERTY

I. C.ara$teristi$s

A"Pro%ert+ as a Civil law Con$e%tB. Pro%ert+ as a Legal Con$e%t

II. Classifi$ation + Arts. (1)(1?- (2/

A. Accor'in8 to1. Nat$re2. Ownership

3. Di"isi%i!it;(. Cons$a%i!it;). S$scepti%i!it; of S$%stit$tion/. A!iena%i!it;@. E


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2. With respect to Io"a%!e Propert;a. *$i!'er- p!anter- sower on !an' of another in conceptof owner516 *$i!'er- p!anter- sower in 8oo' faith + Arts. ((? ()/

526 *$i!'er- p!anter- sower in %a' faith + Arts. ((4() a!ternati"e ri8hts of !an'owner

%. s$fr$ct$ar;- Art. )@4

3. Lan's a'>oinin8 ri"er %an,sa. A!!$"i$ + Art. ()@ 5Case# o"t. Of P.I. "s. Ca%an8is-

)3 Phi!. 1126

%. Accretion

c. Chan8e of co$rse of ri"er + Arts. (/12(/- see WaterCo'e PD 1/@'. A"$!sion Arts. ()4(/3

(. Is!an's + Arts. (/((/)

C. *; O%>ect

1. 0ea! or io"a%!e

a. *; nat$re%. *; incorporationc. *; 'estination'. *; Ana!o8;e. Cases# Le$n8 ee "s. Stron8 :achiner; Co.- 3@ Phi!.

/((& Da"ao Saw :i!! "s. Casti!!o- /1 Phi! @4& Fe!sEner8;- Inc. "s. the Pro"ince of *atan8as- .r. 1/?))@-Fe%r$ar; 1/- 2@&

2. Persona! or :o"a%!ea. *; nat$re%. *; ana!o8;

D. *; Owner1. Of p$%!ic 'oinion# Case# 7ILLANE7A ". CASTANEDA- B0.-

1)( SC0A 1(2 514?@6


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a. For p$%!ic $se

%. not for p$%!ic $se- %$t inten'e' for soe p$%!ic ser"ice of for

the 'e"e!opent of the nationa! wea!th.

2. Of pri"ate ownershipa. Patrionia! propert; + 'istinction %etween pri"atepropert; of in'i"i'$a! persons- an' of State entities

E. *; Nat$re1. Cons$a%!eGnoncons$a%!e "s. F$n8i%!eGnonf$n8i%!e

III. Owners.i%

A. 0i8ht in 8enera!

1. 0i8ht to ENBO- DISPOSE an' 0ECO7E0 A TIN2. *$n'!e of ri8htsa. B$spossidendi'. 0us /ruendic. 0us utendid. 0us a'utendie. 0us disponendi/. 0us vindicandig. 0us accessionesh. right to eclude others /rom property 2 !rt. %*i. right to enclose or /ence his property 2 !rt. %*

>. ri8ht to copensation in case of einent 'oain + Art. (3),. ri8ht to s$rface- s$%s$rface- an' the space a%o"e the !an',. ri8ht to hi''en treas$re + art. (3(

3. Actions to reco"er ownership an' possession of rea!propert;

a. Distinctions %etween accion reivindicatoria- accionpu'liciana- accion interdictal3 Cases3 4ilario vs.Salvador, 5" SC! 815$ Bishop o/ Ce'u vs. Mangaron,.r. 6o, 7-1"8, une 1, 1*)#

%. Distinction %etween forci%!e entr; an' $n!awf$! 'etainer


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(. Actions for reco"er; of possession of o"a%!e propert; +0EPLE7IN& case# Ca!$% "s. CA - .0. No. 11)/3(- Apri! 2@-2& 0$!e /- 0$!es of co$rt

). 0e=$isites for reco"er; of propert; + proof of ri8ht&i'entit;& re!iance on stren8th of own e"i'ence notwea,ness of 'efen'ants c!ai

/. Distinction %etween rea! an' persona! ri8hts

a. *; n$%er of persons who ta,e part in the !e8a!re!ation

%. *; the s$%>ect atter

c. *; the anner in which the wi!! of the acti"e s$%>ectacts

'. *; the ca$ses of their creatione. *; the o'es of their e$ri'ica!

re!ation

*. :o'es of ac=$irin8 ownership

1. Distinctions %etween o'es of ac=$irin8 ownership an' tit!e2. :o'es of Ac=$irin8 ownership

a. O0IINAL516 occ$pation + re=$isites& what are the thin8s that

are s$scepti%!e to occ$pation& wi!' ania!s526 'eri"ati"e

5a6 s$ccession ortis ca$sa5%6 tra'ition + rea! or constr$ction- as a res$!t of

sa!es- %arter- 'onation- assi8nent- $t$$.5c6 'onation

C. Liitations

1. 0i8ht of ownership is not a%so!$te.2. enera! !iitations + ta


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Power3. Specific Liitations + ipose' %; !aw- sic utere tuo-

n$isance- stat of necessit;- easeents "o!$ntari!;ipose' %; owner# ser"it$'es- ort8a8es ipose' %;

contract& acts in state of necessit; wherein the !aw perits in>$r;or 'estr$ction- inherent !iitations-

IV"AccessionA. 0i8ht to hi''en treas$re*. enera! 0$!es#1. For io"a%!es#a.!ccession discreta 5nat$ra! an' in'$stria! ci"i! fr$its6 an'continua

5o"er io"a%!es# artificia!Gin'$stria! an' nat$ra!6%.!ccession industrial 5%$i!'in8- a"$!sion- ri"ers- is!an's6c.!ccession natural 5accretion- a"$!sion- ri"ers- is!an's62. For o"a%!es#a.!ccession continua 5con>$nction- a'>$nction- coi


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from the time the adverse claim is made known Viu)a )e

Ca7rera v" CA

E "here the plaintiff is in possession of the land, the

prescriptive period within which to quiet title accrues onlyform the time the adverse claim is made known ! S%ouses

&a)?i Ali !a'a)sual v" 1" !oson@

A. 0e=$ireent*. Distinction %etween =$ietin8 tit!e an' reo"in8Gpre"entin8 ac!o$'C. PrescriptionGnonprescription of action 5Case# Le;son "s.*ont$;an- ()2 SC0A 4(- Fe%r$ar; 1?- 2)6

VI" Coowners.i%A. Characteristics of coownership1. In 8enera!2. Specia! r$!es#

Case# S$nset 7iew Con'oini$ Corporation "s. on. Capos-Br.- .0. No. L)23/1- Apri! 2@- 14?1a. Concept of con'oini$

516 Con'oini$ corporation#5a6 Optiona! an' an'ator; re=$ireent5%6 Principa! p$rposes

526 Interest in rea! propert;536 Concept of coon areas- aen'ent5(6 Doc$ents to consi'er 5aster 'ee'- 'ec!aration- ofrestrictions- artic!es an' %;!aws of the con'oini$ corporationor the association

where app!ica%!e

%. 0i8hts an' o%!i8ations of con'oini$ owner516 Contri%$tionsGD$es526 PD 4)@ an' 0A /))2c. ro$n's for partition of coon areas- or


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'isso!$tion of the con'oini$

C. So$rce of coownership

Contract- !aw- s$ccession- testaentar; 'isposition or'onation inter "i"os- fort$ito$s e"ent or %; chance-occ$panc;

D. 0i8hts of coowners1. Distinction %etween ri8ht to propert; owne' in coonan' f$!! ownership o"er hisGher i'ea! share2. Case# De $ia "s. Ca- (13 SC0A 11(

E. 0i8ht to oppose acts of a!terationF. 0i8ht to partition# Case# De! *!anco "s. IAC- 1)/ SC0A ))6. 0i8ht to contri%$tions for e


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1. Perio' to 0eco"er + Arts. 11(- 113(- 1132- 11332. Fin'er of Lost :o"a%!e + Arts. @14@23. Distin8$ishe' fro "oi'a%!e tit!e + Art. 1)/

E. In concept of owner- ho!'er- in ones own nae- in nae ofanotherF. 0i8hts of the possessor. LossGterinationVIII" Usufru$t

A. Characteristics*. C!assificationC. 0i8hts an' o%!i8ations of $s$fr$ct$ar;

D. 0i8hts of the ownerE. E


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a. E


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A. Ac=$isiti"e + Art. 111@1. Characteristics2. Or'inar;

a. oo' Faith + Art. 112@

%. B$st tit!e + Arts. 1124113

3. E


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1. As to in>$rio$s effects + p$%!ic or pri"ate2. As to its nat$re + n$isance per se& n$isance per acci'ensC. 0ee'ies1. A8ainst p$%!ic n$isance +

a. prosec$tion $n'er the Pena! co'e or an; !oca! or'inance%. a ci"i! actionc. a%ateent witho$t >$'icia! procee'in8s $n'er Art. /44 of theNCC2. A8ainst pri"ate n$isancea. a ci"i! action%. a%ateent witho$t >$'icia! procee'in8s $n'er Art. /44 of theNCC

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