courthouse planning and needs assessment: how … sum yeh...707 seventeenth street, suite 2900,...
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707 Seventeenth Street, Suite 2900,
Denver, CO 80202
(303) 293-3063
National Center for State Courts
Chang-Ming Yeh, Principal Court Facility Planner
May 16, 2014
Courthouse Planning and Needs Assessment: How Much Courthouse Do We Need?
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Ohio Court Structure
4
Project Lifecycle
General Specific
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System Needs Assessment Process
Needs Assessment
Facility Programming and Standards
Implementation Alternatives
Project Financing and
Implementation
Planning for Responsible Expansion
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Needs Assessment:
Court System Forecasting Basics
Historical Data: County Population, New Case Filings, Court Staff
Data Analysis
Forecasting Future Trends
Estimate Staffing and Service Volumes
Needs Assessment Historic and Projected Population Trends
Projection Begins
Year Population Estimate
2010 221,334
2015 261,442
2020 298,572
2025 335,701
2030 372,831
Total Population Growth from 2010 68.45%
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
300,000
350,000
400,000
Co
un
ty P
op
ula
tio
n
Year
County Historic and Projected Population Estimates 1990 - 2030
Institute for Economic Advancement UALR US Census Bureau Historic Population
Projection Begins
Projected Population
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Needs Assessment Historic Case Filing Trends
0
250
500
750
1,000
1,250
1,500
1,750
2,000
2,250
2,500
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Nu
mb
er
of
Ne
w C
ase
Fili
ngs
Year
Criminal Felony Cases Civil Cases Juvenile Cases
Year
Criminal
Felony Cases
Criminal
Misdemeanor
Cases
Criminal
Traffic Cases
Forfeiture
Traffic Forfeiture
Juvenile
Ordinance
Forfeiture Civil Cases Probate Cases
Juvenile
Cases
2003 590 2,196 1,548 11,122 4,566 831 7,234 1,755 1,236
2004 740 2,167 1,718 13,302 4,073 514 7,276 1,680 1,249
2005 798 2,184 1,568 12,299 4,042 684 7,662 1,668 1,295
2006 943 2,308 1,596 12,519 3,757 749 7,910 1,677 1,282
2007 970 2,208 1,495 11,446 3,661 827 8,772 1,726 1,222
2008 888 2,076 1,587 11,141 3,784 719 9,283 1,720 1,168
2009 890 1,855 1,661 14,073 3,939 681 9,865 1,556 971
2010 800 1,785 1,508 15,523 3,480 678 8,997 1,362 902
2011 937 1,914 1,146 16,122 3,533 588 7,845 1,276 695
2012 900 2,214 1,094 19,397 3,386 516 8,227 1,310 722
2013 811 2,148 1,145 16,778 2,988 377 7,461 1,280 695
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Needs Assessment Case Filing Projection
-100%
-80%
-60%
-40%
-20%
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
140%
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
Pe
rce
nt
Gro
wth
fro
m Y
ear
20
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Tota
l Fo
rfe
itu
re C
ase
Fili
ngs
Year
‘XYZ’ County Circuit Court Forfeiture Traffic Case Filings 2003 - 2035
Linear Projection Ratio to Population Projection Changing Ratio To Population Projection
Planning Target Historic Total Forfeiture Traffic Caseload
Projection Begins
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2013 2015 2020 2025 2030
Current Low High Low High Low High Low High
Position
Total
FTE
Circuit Court Judge 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9
Trial Court Assistant 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9
Court Orders Clerk 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9
Court Reporter 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9
Bailiff 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 8 9
Total 30 30 30 35 35 35 40 40 45
Estimates of System Evolvement and Staff Impacts
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Courthouse Space Standards and Planning Requirements
• Functional space standards
• Functional space adjacency relationships
• Stacking and blocking
• Security requirements
• Technology requirements
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Space Zoning, Circulation and Access Control
Courtroom
Judge
Seating
T
Public
Elevators/
Circulation
Public
Courtroom
Prisoner
Holding and
Elevator/
Circulation
Interface
Private
Controlled Access
for Attorneys
Private
Elevators/
Circulation
Judicial/Office Suite Jury
Deliberation
Judge Jury
T
T
T
Service
Elevator
Seating
Entry Judicial/Office Suite
Attorney
Conference
Vestibule
Jury
Attorney
Conference
Vestibule
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Stacking and Blocking
Courtroom
Courtroom
Public
Corridor
Private
Corridor
Secure Parking
Staff and
Service Entry
Jury Deliberation Rooms,
Judges' Chambers,
Court Staff Offices
Staff
Elevator
Court Level 2
Court Level 1
Grade Level
Grade/Below Grade Level
Public
Entry
Public
Elevator
Public Interface Private
Prisoner
Holding
Prisoner
Access
Public
Corridor Private
Corridor Jury Deliberation Rooms,
Judges' Chambers,
Court Staff Offices
Central Court Office Areas
(Clerks, Jury Assembly etc.)
New Trends Impacting Space
1. Early Disposition of Cases and Alternative Dispute Resolution
2. Specialty and Treatment Courts
3. Public Access/ Accommodations
4. Courthouse Security
5. Efficiency and Sustainability of Court Operations
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Early Disposition Courts
Maricopa County
Criminal Courts Tower Phoenix, AZ AECOM / Gould Evans
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Lorain Counity, Ohio
Justice Center HOK Architects / Bostwick Design Partnership
Family Courts
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New York County Family Court, NY Mitchell | Giurgola Architects
Family Courts
Public Access
• Juror Accommodations
• Public Assistance
• Barrier Free Design - ADA
• Pro Se/ Self-represented Litigant Resources
• Electronic Filing of Forms and Documents
• Internet Access to Court Calendar and Fee Payment
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Security Impacts on Court Facilities
• Blast Resistant Building Design – Setback, Progressive Collapsing, Embankment, and Building Opening/Glazing
• Security Screening and Single Public Entrance
• Security Control Center and Surveillance
• SeparatedCirculation and Access Control
• Secured Parking for Judicial Officials and Prisoners
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Alfred Arraj US District Courthouse Denver, Colorado HOK / Anderson Mason Dale
Typical Courtroom Floor
Court
Administration
Floor
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Efficiency and Accountability
• Collegial Chambers
• Shared Adjudication Space
• Courtroom Technology and Video Arraignment
• E-filing/ Electronic Records Storage
Doing More with Less
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Efficiency and Accountability Collegial Chambers & Shared Use of Facility
Judge
Judge Judge
Judge Judge
Hearing
Room
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Maricopa County
Criminal Courts Tower Phoenix, AZ AECOM / Gould Evans
Mecklenburg Co. Courthouse Charlotte NC Mckinnell & Wood Architects / Schenkel & Schultz Architects
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Osceola County Government Center Kissimmee, FL Heery International
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King County Regional Justice Center Kent, WA
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Seattle Justice Center Seattle WA NBBJ Architects.
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Efficiency and Accountability Courthouse Technologies
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Efficiency and Accountability Electronic Filing and Records Storage
Lindsey Flanigan Courthouse Denver, CO Klipp Architects
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Sustainability of Operations and Facilities
• Healthy Working Environments
• Energy Efficiency
• Natural Light
• Renovation and Reuse of Existing Facilities
• Planning for Responsible Expansion
Franklin County Courthouse Columbus, Ohio Arquitectonica / Design Group
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Sustainability Features:
• Natural lighting
• Vegetated roof
• Rainwater harvesting
• Optimized energy
performance
• Green certified
construction materials
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Renovation and Remodeling Considerations
• Building Structure
• Building Occupancy
• Building Security/Access Control
• Building Systems
• Site Expansion Potential
• Justice Partner Stakeholders
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George Allen Sr. Courthouse Dallas, TX Rees Associates, Inc.
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Nashville-Davidson County Courthouse Nashville, Tennessee AECOM / Gresham Smith and Partners
National Center for State Courts Chang-Ming Yeh
Principal Judicial Facility Planner
303-308-4302
707 17th Street, Suite 2900
Denver, Colorado
80202
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