crane rigging exercise by kiewit - literature

Kiewit Building Group

Online Training

Crane Rigging Exercise

Unit 4

a) On The Spot Lift Plan

b) Corporate Crane Safety Policy

c) Crane Rigging Exercise

The Rigging

Triangle

Rigging the Load Company policies

Knowing the load

Type of hitch needed

Rigging selection

Inspection of rigging

Company Policies Only domestic rigging.

No chain rigging used on our cranes. Only

special maintenance operations and crane

assembly.

Job built devices must be engineered and

stamped by a PE, built by a qualified

fabricator and load tested to 125% of

intended capacity.

Company Policies WIRE ROPE SLINGS

Improved plow steel (IPS) independent

wire rope core (IWRC).

Only FLEMISH EYE, steel swage slings

will be purchased and used.

Tagged with capacities

Making A Flemish Eye:

Company Policies Follow all manufacturer guidelines and

procedures for safe rigging.

Never exceed the Safe WORKING LOAD

LIMIT (WLL) of any lifting device.

Never field alter rigging hardware or any

lifting device for any reason.

Deficient rigging is to be removed from

service and destroyed.

Knowing the Load Weight of load

Physical size of load

Center of gravity (under hook)

Attachment points (support load, above COG)

Hitch needed to safely lift load

Basic Rigging Hitches

Straight Choke

Basket

Types of Hitches

Straight

Types of Hitches Types of Hitches

Choke

Choke

Angle of Choke

in Degrees

Rated Capacity

Percent

Over 120 100

90-120 87

60-89 74

30-59 62

0-29 49

Types of Hitches

Basket

Basket

Capacity % of

Angle Single Leg

90 200%

60 170%

45 140%

30 100%

1''

20''

Share Of The Load

5 Tons

Center Of Gravity

If Center Of Gravity is

evenly spaced between

the pick points, each sling

will support of the load

when the slings are in the

true vertical position.

In this example

each sling will see

2 tons or 5,000#

of load or tension

Sling Angles

Sling tension is multiplied

when slings are gathered and

an angle is formed.

This angle is referred to as the

Horizontal Sling Angle

The tension induced into the

slings must be considered the

same as load when sizing

slings and hardware.

Horizontal

Sling Angle

Sling Angles

Sling tension can be

calculated as follows:

In this example, each sling

supports of the load or

5,000 lbs in the true

vertical position.

When the sling angle is

changed, a load factor is

applied to account for

tension induced into each

sling due to mechanical

force.

5 ton

5,000 lbs 5,000 lbs

Load Angle Factor

Load factor is calculated

as follows

L H

L/H =Load Factor

L = 12

H= 105

144 / 125 = 1.152

Load Angle Factor

Load factor:Measure at

midpoint if necessary.

L H

L/H =Load Factor

L = 6

H= 52

72 / 62 = 1.152

Sling Load Angle

Angle Factor

90 1.000

85 1.004

80 1.015

75 1.035

70 1.064

65 1.104

60 1.155

55 1.221

50 1.305

45 1.414

40 1.555

35 1.742

30 2.000

25 2.364

20 2.924

15 3.861

10 5.747

5 11.490

Sling Angles

L/H =Load Factor

L = 144

H= 125

144/ 125 = 1.152

L H

Angle near 60

Sling Load Angle

Angle Factor

90 1.000

85 1.004

80 1.015

75 1.035

70 1.064

65 1.104

60 1.155

55 1.221

50 1.305

45 1.414

40 1.555

35 1.742

30 2.000

25 2.364

20 2.924

15 3.861

10 5.747

5 11.490

Most Desirable Angles

Use Caution With

These Angles

Avoid These Angles Rigging to angles less than 30 is

not recommended.

Sling Angles

60 provides excellent load control with

minimal mechanical force applied to

slings. Use caution over 60 as the load

can become unstable with multiple

slings depending on load and hitch.

Included Angle

All triangles have 180

45 45

90

30

120

30

The reason that you cant rig below a 30 angle

is that there is no hardware designed to take it.

Included Angle

Hardware

90 120

60 Sling Angle produces an equilateral triangle. A

quick field check is simply lay one leg

down and if it reaches the other lifting

lug, the angle is 60 or better.

Calculating Tension

Step One: Determine Weight of load

TENSION is same as load

10,000#

Load weight=10,000#

Calculating Tension


Step Two: Determine Share Of Load


48 48 Each sling sees of the load or 5,000#

Load weight=10,000#

Calculating Tension



Step Three: Determine Load Angle Factor


96 83

96/83=1.156

Each sling sees of the load or 5,000#

Load weight=10,000#

What is the TENSION

Calculating Tension



Step Three: Determine Load Angle Factor

Step Four: Multiply Share Of Load By Load Angle Factor


Load Angle Factor 1.156

Each sling sees of the load or 5,000#

Load weight=10,000#

5,780#

1.156

x 5,000

60

WHEN THE HORIZONTAL SLING

ANGLE IS DECREASED, THE

LOAD SEES INCREASED CRUSH

FROM SLING TENSION

10

5

11,000#

CRUSHING LOAD = VERTICAL LOAD x D/H

88

5,500# x 104/60= 9,533# CRUSH SECTION III, PAGE 8

Charlie Rigging Card

Eye Nut

Size in 5:1 6:1 6:1 Min # Turnback Torque Size in

inches Vertical 45 Deg. Vertical Hook Eye/Jaw Crosby C/M Clips in Inches in ft. lbs. inches

1/4 500 125 520 400 500 1,000 1,500 2 4.75 15 1/4

5/16 800 200 850 700 8,000 1,500 2,000 2 5.25 30 5/16

3/8 1,200 400 1,250 1,000 1,200 2,000 3,000 2 6.50 45 3/8

7/16 ------- ------ 1,700 ------ ------ 3,000 4,000 2 7.00 65 7/16

1/2 2,200 550 2,250 1,500 2,200 4,000 6,000 3 11.50 65 1/2

9/16 ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ 3 12.00 95 9/16

5/8 3,500 875 3,600 2,250 3,500 6,500 9,000 3 12.00 95 5/8

3/4 5,200 1,300 5,200 3,000 5,200 9,500 13,000 4 18.00 130 3/4

7/8 7,200 1,800 7,200 4,000 7,200 13,000 17,000 4 19.00 225 7/8

1 10,000 2,500 10,000 5,000 10,000 17,000 20,000 5 26.00 225 1

1-1/8 ------ ------ 12,300 ------ ------ 19,000 24,000 6 34.00 225 1-1/8

1-1/4 15,200 3,800 15,500 5,000 15,200 24,000 28,000 7 44.00 360 1-1/4

RIGGING HARDWARE CAPACITIES FORGED STEEL 5Shldr Eye Bolt

5:1

Turnbuckles Shackles Wire Rope Clips

5:1


Sling Angles Load Angle Factor

Share of Load In Each Sling

Load Per Sling

Sling Size

Shackle Size

Never use a D to d ratio

of 1:1 or less. Always

use at least one size

larger shackle than wire

rope size.

1.155

5,000#

5,775#

5/8

3/4

D to d IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT IN RUNNING

ROPES ON A CRANE. THE

LARGER THE SHEAVES,

THE LESS BENDING

FATIGUE IN THE ROPE.

D to d

SAME AS BENDING

A PAPER CLIP

Load Angle Factor

Share of Load In Each Sling

Load Per Sling

Sling Size

Shackle Size

Sling Angles 2

5,000#

10,000#

7/8

1

Load Angle Factor

Share Of Load In Slings A

Load Per Sling

Sling Size

Shackle Size

A

B

A

B

A

B

C

Sling Angles

A

B

C

1.414

6,000#

8,484#

5,000#

3/4

3/4

7/8

7/8

7/8

Center Of Gravity

5 tons

A

B

Load Sling A

Load Sling B

Sling A Size

Sling B Size

Shackle A Size

Shackle B Size

Share Of Load Sling A

Share Of Load Sling B

Load Angle Factor A

Load Angle Factor B

5 tons

A B

Sling Tension

104 + 40 =

144 104

144 40

10,000 X .72 =

10,000 X .28 =

LF

60/72

LF

60/120

2

1.2

144

.72 or 72%

.28 or 28 %

7200#

2800#

Share of Load

Which sling is which?

Center Of Gravity

5 tons

A

B

Load Sling A

Load Sling B

Sling A Size

Sling B Size

Shackle A Size

Shackle B Size

Share Of Load Sling A

Share Of Load Sling B

Load Angle Factor A

Load Angle Factor B

2

1.2

2,800#

7,200#

5,600#

8,640#

5/8

3/4

3/4

7/8

L1

The weight of the object above is

15,000#. The lifting lugs are 17

apart. Answer the following.

L2 H1

Sling

Angle

(deg)

30 =L1 * 0.577 =L1 * 0.289 =W * 1.00

35 =L1 * 0.610 =L1 * 0.350 =W * 0.87

40 =L1 * 0.653 =L1 * 0.420 =W * 0.78

45 =L1 * 0.707 =L1 * 0.500 =W * 0.71

50 =L1 * 0.778 =L1 * 0.596 =W * 0.65

55 =L1 * 0.872 =L1 * 0.714 =W * 0.61

60 =L1 * 1.000 =L1 * 0.866 =W * 0.58

65 =L1 * 1.183 =L1 * 1.072 =W * 0.55

70 =L1 * 1.462 =L1 * 1.374 =W * 0.53

75 =L1 * 1.932 =L1 * 1.866 =W * 0.52

80 =L1 * 2.879 =L1 * 2.836 =W * 0.51

SLING LENGTHS AND LOADINGSTension in Each

Sling (T)

Sling Length

(L2)

Rigging Height

(H1)

1. What length of sling is needed to

produce a 60 sling angle?

2. At 60 what is the tension in the

slings?

3. What is the rigging height?

4. To keep rigging height under 6,

what is the max sling length?

5. What is the sling angle?

6. What is the tension in each sling?

17

8,700#

176 5/8

124

35

13,050#

Multi Leg Slings

When all legs of the sling will be equally spaced around the center of gravity, the sling sizes should be based on only two legs as the load can teeter from corner to corner thus loading only two slings.

INSPECTION

INSPECTION

Wire Rope Construction

Wires

Strands

Core

ROPE LAY : the distance

it takes a strand to fully

spiral around the rope.

STRAND Rule of Thumb:

6 to 7 times the rope

diameter

10 RANDOMLY DISTRIBUTED

broken wires in 1 rope lay

5 broken wire in 1 rope

strand in 1 rope lay

SLING Replacement Criteria

ANSI B30.9

INSPECTION INSPECTION OF SYNTHETIC SLINGS

PER ANSI B30.9 ALL SLINGS AND ATTACHMENTS SHALL BE VISUALLY INSPECTED BY

THE PERSON HANDLING THE SLING EACH DAY THEY ARE USED. IN

ADDITION, A PERIODIC INSPECTION SHALL BE PERFORMED BY A

DESIGNATES PERSON, AT LEAST ANNUALLY, AND SHALL INCLUDE A

RECORD OF THE INSPECTION.

INSPECTION CRITERIA ACID OR CAUSTIC BURNS BROKEN STITCHES

MELTING OR CHARRING WORN STITCHES

HOLES, CUTS EXCESSIVE ABRASION

TEARS, SNAGS KNOTS

ROUND SLING NOTES REMOVE FROM SERVICE ROUND SLINGS THAT HAVE CORE FIBER

EXPOSED BY HOLES, TEARS, CUTS, EMBEDDED PEATICLES, WEAR

OR SNAGS. REMOVE FROM SERVICE ROUND SLINGS THAT HAVE

MELTING, CHARRING OR WELD SPLATTER ON ANY PART OF SLING

IDENTIFICATION WEB SLINGS AND ROUND SLINGS SHALL BE PERMANENTLY

MARKED INDICATION: MANUFACTURERS TRADEMARK AND CODE (OR STOCK NUMBER), RATED LOADS FOR THE THREE HITCHES AND

MATERIAL

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crane rigging exercise by kiewit - literature

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