crane safety standards_regulations

7/29/2019 Crane Safety Standards_regulations

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Crane Safety on

Construction SitesSupervision and Management of Crane Operat ions

Standards, Regulations, Certifications

Presented by the Construc t ion Inst i tute of ASCE

Funded b y an OSHA

Susan Harwood Train ing Grant


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Disclaimers

This material was produced under grant SH-17794-08-60-F-51 from the OccupationalSafety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflectthe views and policies of the U.S. Department of Labor, nor does mention of trade names,commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.

This course is intended to provide general information to engineers and managers for usein identifying and addressing their responsibilities with respect to construction worksitesafety. The program cannot possibly cover all safety issues that may be encountered at theconstruction worksite, and it is not a substitute for prudent judgment or professionalexpertise. It does not constitute legal advice. The information provided in this courseshould not be used without first securing competent advice with respect to its suitability forany general or specific application. ASCE and the Construction Institute disclaim allwarranties regarding this course, whether implied, express or statutory, including withoutlimitation, any implied warranty of merchantability, fitness for use, or fitness for a particularpurpose. ASCE and the Construction Institute make no representation concerning theaccuracy, completeness, suitability, or utility of any information, apparatus,method, product, or process discussed in this course and assume noliability therefore. Anyone utilizing the information provided in this course assumes allresponsibility or liability arising from such use.


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Standards, Regulations,

Certifications


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Standards,

Regulations,

Licensing

OSHA (New SubPart N in the works!)

ASME

INTERNATIONAL

GOVERNMENTAL

INDIVIDUAL ORGANIZATIONS

OPERATOR CERTIFICATION AGENCIES

STATES

CITIES

LEGAL

REFERENCES


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American Society of Mechanical

Engineers (ASME) B 30.5 American National Standards Institute

(ANSI)

Power Crane and Shovel AssociationStandard No. 2 (PCSA)

Standards


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OSHA General

Duty Clause

The General Duty Clause of the United States OccupationalSafety and Health Act states:

29 U.S.C. 654, 5(a)1: Each employer shall furnish toeach of his employees employment and a place ofemployment which are free from recognized hazardsthat are causing or are likely to cause death or serious

physical harm to his employees. Each employee shallcomply with occupational safety and health standardsand all rules, regulations and orders issued pursuant tothis Act which are applicable to his own actions andconduct.


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OSHA Construction

Requirements

Key Requirements ofSubpart N, 29 CFR 1926.550

(1) The employer shall comply with the manufacturer's specifications and limitationsapplicable to the operation of any and all cranes and derricks. Where manufacturer'sspecifications are not available, the limitations assigned to the equipment shall be

based on the determinations of a qualified engineer competent in this field and suchdeterminations will be appropriately documented and recorded. Attachments used withcranes shall not exceed the capacity, rating, or scope recommended by themanufacturer.

(2) Rated load capacities, and recommended operating speeds, special hazard warnings, orinstruction, shall be conspicuously posted on all equipment. Instructions or warningsshall be visible to the operator while he is at his control station.

(5) The employer shall designate a competent person who shall inspect all machinery andequipment prior to each use, and during use, to make sure it is in safe operatingcondition. Any deficiencies shall be repaired, or defective parts replaced, beforecontinued use.

(6) A thorough, annual inspection of the hoisting machinery shall be made by a competentperson, or by a government or private agency recognized by the U.S. Department ofLabor. The employer shall maintain a record of the dates and results of inspections foreach hoisting machine and piece of equipment.


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Construction Industry (29 CFR 1926)

1926 Subpart N, Cranes, derricks, hoists, elevators,and conveyors 1926.550, Cranes and derricks

1926.551, Helicopters

1926.552, Material hoists, personnel hoists, and elevators 1926.553, Base-mounted drum hoists

1926.554, Overhead hoists

1926.555, Conveyors

1926.556, Aerial lifts

OSHA

Construction

Industry


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The U.S. Department of Labor's Occupational Safety and HealthAdministration (OSHA) held a 4-day public hearing on the proposedregulations March 17-20, 2009

A copy of the proposed standard is available on OSHA's website athttp://www.osha.gov/doc/proposedrule/Cranes_Derricks_Proposed_Rule.html

The cranes and derricks proposed rule would apply to the estimated96,000 construction cranes in the U.S., including 2,000 tower cranes.The proposed standard addresses key safety issues associated with

cranes, including: ground conditions the assembly and disassembly of cranes the operation of cranes near power lines the certification and training of crane operators the use of safety devices and signals and inspections of cranes multipurpose machines (i.e. forklifts) when configured as a crane will fall

under OSHA regulations.

Crane and Derrick

(CDAC) Proposed

Regulations


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Significantly updates existing tower crane requirements and

more comprehensively addresses tower crane safety, withrespect both to erecting and dismantling, and to crane

operations.

The proposed standard would establish four options for the

qualification or certification of crane operators: certification through an accredited third-party testing

organization

qualification through an audited employer testing program

qualification issued by the U.S. military and

qualification by a state or local licensing authority.

Crane and Derrick

(CDAC) Proposed

Regulations


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Mobile Crane

Inspection

Guidelines

Cranes are designed for both general use and for

specific purposes. Similar to the vast automobileindustry, crane manufacturers produce similarmodels or types of cranes for the same purpose,often with different sizes of the same model of crane.Each type, model, or size of crane manufactured,

may have different operating controls and requirespecialized operator training, individualizedinspection criteria, and different preventivemaintenance schedules.


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International

Standards

German DIN

CEN

FEM

England

Australia

EN


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Governmental

Standards

Naval Facilities Command

(NAVFAC)

Department of Energy (DOE)

US Army Corps of Engineers

(USACOE)


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Corporate

Standards

Petrochemical

Exxon Conoco Phillips

Construction companies-

Bechtel

Fluor

Shaw

Zachary


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Individual

Entities

Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA)


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Standards of

Jurisdictions

Most of the 24 states, Puerto Rico, and Virgin Islands that operate their own

safety and health programs for private or public sector workers have adopted

OSHAs standards. Some have developed their own regulations concerningspecific hazards in certain industries. For example, according to OSHAs 2001

report on state-plan activities:

Oregon requires certification for operators of cranes that are five tons or more.

The [California] Division of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) inspects tower cranes ...

twice a year. DOSH must be notified 24 hours in advance whenever a tower crane beginsoperation, is climbed or dismantled and when a mobile tower crane begins operation.

Subsequently, California required certification of crane operators and made other changes to its

standard.

Hawaii, Nevada and New Mexico among others also are identified by OSHA in its 2001 report

as being among state-plan states having their own crane regulations. Both Hawaii and New

Mexico require that hoist machine operators be certified, for example.


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Local Licensure of

Crane Operators

16 states and 6 cities have licensing requirements for crane operators.

Administrative procedures change periodically; please ensure you contact

the appropriate authority to ensure you have the latest information.

STATES CITIES

California Connecticut Chicago

Hawaii Massachusetts Los Angeles

Minnesota Montana New Orleans

Nevada New Jersey New York City

New Mexico New York Omaha

Oregon Pennsylvania Washington D.C.

Rhode Island Utah

Washington (2010) West Virginia


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Certifications

Crane Operators

National Council for the Certification ofCrane Operators (NCCCO)

Crane Institute Certification (CIC)

Signalmen (NCCCO) Riggers (NCCCO)

In-House Training


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Signal Persons(proposed)

Under proposed section 1926.1428, signal persons

qualifications, the employer has two methods toensure the competence of these individuals:

(1) the signal person would have documentation from a third

party qualified evaluator showing that the evaluator had

determined that the signal person meets the [sections]requirements, and

(2) an employers own qualified evaluator would have

determined that a signal person meets the qualifications

requirements.

NCCCO


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NCCCO

Certification

Overview

National Commission for the Certification of Crane Operators

NCCCO currently administers certification programs for operators ofmobile cranes, tower cranes and overhead cranes.

Complete description of the crane examinations and application

process, and handbooks can be downloaded from the website

http://www.nccco.org/.

To ensure CCO examinations are psychometrically sound, fair andeffective measurements of a crane operator's knowledge and skills,

NCCCO teams the expertise of its subject matter experts with one of

the nation's leading professional credentialing organizations,

International Assessment Institute (IAI).

NCCCO


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NATIONAL COMMISSION FOR THE CERTIFICATION OF CRANE OPERATORS

NCCCO certification is designed to assure both industry and the general public that

Operators are skilled and knowledgeable.

Features of the NCCCO program are that it is:

national in scope;

operated by the private sector;

independent of labor relations policies;

tailored to different types of cranes;

designed so certifications must be renewed every 5 years;

tested in three parts: medical, written, and practical;

accredited by nationally recognized professional credentialing authorities (NCCA and

NSSB);

officially recognized by Federal OSHA.

NCCCO

Certification

Overview

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