crash course in vlbi

7/31/2019 Crash Course in VLBI

1/67

D Ozdsb Olzsc gk _jigmmgicxzcDsxzlkliw dkh Gkxczaczlicxzw

Ndics Hg Azdkocsol

Bcz~jcze Gksxgxxc la Dsxzlvbwsgos

Klzxb Diczgodk DMID Zceglkdm Ockxcz Qgoxlzgd

"xbdk`s xl _ Hlebczxw- O Obdkhmcz- H Ugmkcz ! O Jzledk'


2/67

Xbc zcockx dzzgqdm la xbc xckxb DMID dkxckkd


3/67

Daxcz xbc ? @ olsigo jdo`ezlkh zdhgdxglk- ii,sjii vblxlks odzzwilsx la xbc zdhgdxgqc ckczew gk xbc Skgqczsc>

86# la Igm`w Udw vblxlks dzc gk ii,sjii

Skgtc sogckoc vlssgjmc jcodsc la scksgxgqgxw xl xbczidm cigssglk

azli hsx dkh ilmcomdz mgkcs>

Ubw Hl Uc Odzc Djlx ii,sjii

D olkqlmxglk la s`w jzgebxkcss ugxb xbc jcdi vdxxczk

Gx gs dk gkqczsglk vzljmci xl hcxczigkc xbc slzoc xcivczdxzchgsxzgjxglk

Jdsgo Zdhgl Dsxzlkliw

Dkxckkd Xcivczdxzc


11/67

Xbc dkxckkdolmmcoxs xbc C)agcmh lqcz xbc dvczxzc dx xbc alos

Xbc acch blzkdx xbc alos dhhs xbc agcmhs xlecxbcz- eghcs sgekdm xlxbc azlkx ckh


Zdhgl Xcmcsolvcs


12/67

Divmgagcz

divmgagcs d qczw ucd` zdhgl azctckow "ZA' sgekdm- gs sxdjmc ! mlu klgsc

Igrcz vzlhocs d sxdjmc mlucz- gkxczichgdxc azctckow "GA' sgekdm jw igrgke

xbc ZA sgekdm ugxb d sxdjmc mlodm lsogmmdxlz "ML' sgekdm- gs xkdjmc

Agmxcz scmcoxs d kdzzlu sgekdm jdkh lx la xbc GA

Jdo`ckh cgxbcz xlxdm vlucz hcxcoxlz lz ilzc xwvgodmmw xlhdw- d olzzcmdxlz


Olivlkckxs la d Bcxczlhwkc _wsxci

Jdo` ckh

Vlucz hcxcoxlz,gkxcezdxlzOlzzcmdxlz

Acch Blzk

J g Z hg D


13/67

Dkxckkdzcsvlksc gs dolbczckx vbdscsiidxglk la xbcC)agcmh dx xbc

alos

Agzsx kmm loozsdx xbc dkemcubczc lkc crxzdudqcmckexb la

vdxb gs dhhchdozlss xbc ammdvczxzc ughxb-gc- t{ m,H

Lk)drgsgkoghckoc

Laa)drgsgkoghckoc


Lzgegk la xbc Jcdi Vdxxczk

J g Z hg D x


14/67

Hcagkcs xcmcsolvc

zcslmxglk


Dkxckkd Vlucz Vdxxczk

Xbc qlmxdec zcsvlksc vdxxczk gs xbc AX la xbc dvczxzc hgsxzgjxglk

Xbc vlucz zcsvlksc vdxxczk- V"t' Q:"t'- gs xbc AX la xbcdxlolzzcmdxglk akoxglk la xbc dvczxzc

alz d kgalzi ogzomc- Q"t' gs N4"r',r dkh V"t' gs xbc Dgzw vdxxczk-N r,r:

J g Z hg D x


15/67

Xbc dkxckkd jcdi slmghdkemc lk xbc s`w gs>

UD V"t-a'hU8

_ghcmljcsKJ> zcdzmljcs$


Xbc Jcdi

t"'H

6?3362 i_ID

8336iMIX4343iNOIX

46?45iD_X,ZL

664:43 `iDMID

Xcmcsolvc jcdis F ?83 EB~



16/67

Skalzxkdxcmw- xbc xcmcsolvc swsxci gxscma olkxzgjxcs klgsc xl xbc xbc sgekdm

hcxcoxch jw xbc xcmcsolvc- gc-

Vlx9 VD + Vsws Xlx9 XD+ Xsws

Xbc swsxci xcivczdxzc- Xsws- zcvzcsckxs klgsc dhhch jw xbc swsxci>

Xsws9 Xje+ Xs`w+ Xsvgmm+ Xmlss+ Xodm+ Xzr

Xje 9 igozludqc dkh edmdoxgo jdo`ezlkh "?@- crocvx jcmlu 4EB~'Xs`w9 dxilsvbczgo cigssglk "gkozcdscs ugxb azctckow))hligkdkx gk ii'Xsvgmm9 ezlkh zdhgdxglk "qgd sghcmljcs' "xcmcsolvc hcsgek'

Xmlss9 mlsscs gk xbc acch dkh sgekdm xzdksigssglk swsxci "hcsgek'Xodm 9 gkncoxch odmgjzdxlz sgekdm "sdmmw sidmm'Xzr 9 zcocgqcz swsxci "laxck hligkdxcs dx oi d hcsgek obdmmckec'

Klxc xbdx Xje- Xs`w- dkh Xsvgmmqdzw ugxb s`w vlsgxglk dkh Xs`w gs xgic qdzgdjmc


_cksgxgqgxw "Klgsc'



17/67

Gk xbc ii,sjii zcegic- Xs`w gs xbc obdmmckec "csvcogdmmw dx

mlu cmcqdxglks'Gk eckczdm- Xzrgs cssckxgdmmw dx xbc tdkxi mgigx- dkh Xzr= Xs`w

= 45316:)5:6Jdkh 7

= 2?:53)?56Jdkh 5

= 2?:44):53Jdkh 1

= ?528)441Jdkh ?

Xzr

"@'

EB~

DMID Xzr


_cksgxgqgxw "Klgsc'

Hzw olivlkckx> L:

Ucx olivlkckx> B:L



18/67

T> Blu odk wl hcxcox XD"sgekdm' gk xbc vzcsckoc la Xsws"klgsc' Xbc sgekdm gs olzzcmdxch azli lkc sdivmc xl xbc kcrx jx xbc klgsc gs klx

Alz jdkhughxb Hk- sdivmcs xd`ck mcss xbdk Hx9 4,Hk dzc klx gkhcvckhckx

"dklxbcz Kwtgsx xbclzci$'

Xgic x olkxdgks gkhcvckhckx sdivmcskxx HH xK ,

HX

D

Xsws 4

xHk

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HXDXD

XswsxHk

Zdhglicxcz ctdxglk

K,4Alz Edssgdk klgsc- xlxdm czzlz alz Ksdivmcsgs

xbdx la sgkemcsdivmc


_cksgxgqgxw "Klgsc'


19/67

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs


20/67

_gekdms dx cdob vlgkx gk xbc dvczxzc dzc jzlebx xlecxbcz gk vbdscdx xbc dkxckkd lxvx "xbc alos'

Gidegkc xbc dvczxzc xl jc sjhgqghch gkxl Ksidmmcz cmcickxdzwdzcds0 xbc qlmxdec- Q"x'- dx xbc lxvx gs xbc si la xbc olkxzgjxglksHQg"x' azli xbc Kgkhgqghdm dvczxzc cmcickxs>

Q"x' HQg"x'

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs

Lxvx la d Agmmch Dvczxzc

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs


21/67

Xbc zdhgl vlucz icdszch jw d zcocgqcz dxxdobch xl xbc xcmcsolvcgs vzlvlzxglkdm xl d zkkgke xgic dqczdec la xbc stdzc la xbc lxvxqlmxdec>

Dkw icdszcickx ugxb xbc mdzec agmmch)dvczxzc xcmcsolvc odk jcuzgxxck ds d si- gk ubgob cdob xczi hcvckhs lk olkxzgjxglks azlilkmw xul la xbc Kdvczxzc cmcickxs

Cdob xczi HQgHQ odk jc icdszch ugxb xul sidmm dkxckkds- ga ucvmdoc xbci dx mlodxglks gdkh `dkh icdszc xbc dqczdec vzlhox laxbcgz lxvx qlmxdecs ugxb d olzzcmdxglk "imxgvmwgke' zcocgqcz

V HQg

:

HQgHQ

HQg

:

HQ

g

HQ`

g `

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs> Jdsgo Olkocvx

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs


22/67

Ga xbc slzoc cigssglk gs kobdkegke- xbczc gs kl kcch xl icdszc

dmm xbc vdgzs dx lkc xgic

Lkc olmh gidegkc sctckxgdmmw olijgkgke vdgzs la sgekdms Alz Ksj)dvczxzcs xbczc ugmm jc K"K)4',: vdgzs xl olijgkc

Dhhgke xlecxbcz dmm xbc xczis caacoxgqcmw swkxbcsg~cs lkc

icdszcickx xd`ck ugxb d mdzec agmmch)dvczxzc xcmcsolvc

Odk swkxbcsg~c dvczxzcs iob mdzecz xbdk odk jc olksxzoxch ds dagmmch dvczxzc- egqgke qczw ellh svdxgdm zcslmxglk

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs> Jdsgo Olkocvx

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs


23/67

Ubdx gs xbc gkxczaczlicxcz zcsvlksc ds d akoxglk la s`w vlsgxglk- m9 sgkd


24/67

Dx dkemc d- d udqcazlkx bds dk crxzd vdxb r9 sgkd9 mxl xzdqcm

Crvdkh xl :H jw gkxzlhogke jlzxblelkdm xl d- i 9sgkj-

dkh qlzxblelkdm xl - slxbdx gk xbgs hgzcoxglk xbc

crxzd vdxb w9 qi

Uzgxc dmm hgsxdkocs gk kgxs laudqcmckexb- rr,m- ,m-cxo- sl xbdx rdkh wdzc

klu kijczs la owomcs

Crxzd vdxb gs klu m+ qi Q: 9 Q4 c

):g"m+qi'

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs

Zcsvlksc la d :)Cmcickx

Gkxczaczlicxcz

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs


25/67

Xbc lxvx azli xbc olzzcmdxlz "xbc imxgvmwgke dkh xgic)dqczdegkehcqgoc' gs>

Alz "m4m:- i4i:' xbc djlqc dqczdec gs ~czl "dssigke ixdm s`w'-sl

O Q4Q: Q4"m-i'hmhi Q :"m-i'hmhi

O Q4"m-i'Q:"m-i'hmhi

Q4"m-i'Q:"m-i' hmhi

Q4"m-i':

c:g"sm qi'

hmhi

G"m-i'c:g"sm qi'hmhi

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs

Olzzcmdxlz Lxvx

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs


26/67

Xbs- xbc gkxczaczlicxcz icdszcs xbc olivmcr qgsgjgmgxw- Q- lad slzoc- ubgob gs xbc AX la gxs gkxcksgxw hgsxzgjxglk lk xbcs`w>

-qdzc svdxgdm azctckogcsgk xbc C)U dkh K)_ hgzcoxglks-dzc xbc vzlncoxch jdscmgkc mckexbs icdszch gk kgxs laudqcmckexb- gc- J,m

m- idzc hgzcoxglk olsgkcs zcmdxgqc xl d zcaczckoc vlsgxglk gk

xbc C)U dkh K)_ hgzcoxglks "m9 6- i9 6' gs `kluk ds xbc vbdsc ockxcz

xbc vbdsc aolkxdgks gkalzidxglk djlx xbc mlodxglk lasxzoxzc ugxb svdxgdm azctckow -qzcmdxgqc xl xbc vbdscockxcz

Q"s-q' Dc ga G"m-i'c:g"sm qi'hmhi

v w

Xbc Olivmcr Qgsgjgmgxw

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs


27/67

Xbgs AX zcmdxglksbgv gs xbc qdk Ogxxczx)^czkg`c xbclzci- vlkubgob swkxbcsgs gidegke gs jdsch

Gx icdks xbczc gs dk gkqczsc AX zcmdxglksbgv xbdx ckdjmcs s xlzcolqcz G"m-i' azli Q"-q'>

Xbc olzzcmdxlz icdszcs jlxb zcdm dkh gidegkdzw vdzxs la xbcqgsgjgmgxw xl egqc xbc divmgxhc dkh vbdsc>

Q"

s-q'

G"

m-

i'

c:g"sm qi'

hmhi

G"m-i' Q"s-q'c:g"sm qi'hshq

D : :

a xdk4

D9}Q}

a

v w

Xbc Olivmcr Qgsgjgmgxw

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs


28/67

Alzgcz xbclzw sxdxcs xbdx dkw sgekdm "gkomhgke gidecs'

odk jc crvzcssch ds d si la sgkslghs

Ncdk JdvxgsxcNlscvb Alzgcz

4512)42?6

sgekdm 8 sgkslghs si

v w

Xbc Alzgcz Xzdksalzi

xbc Alzgcz Xzdksalzi olkxdgks dmm gkalzidxglk la xbc lzgegkdm

"r-w' vmdkc dkh "-q' vmdkc dzc olknedxc ollzhgkdxc swsxcis

G"r-w' Q"-q' 9 AXpG"r-w'y

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs


29/67

G"r-w'

kdzzlu acdxzcs xzdksalzi xl ughc acdxzcs "dkh qgoc)qczsd'

DivpQ"-q'y

Edssgdk

h Akoxglk Olksxdkx

Edssgdk

v w

_lic :)H Alzgcz Xzdksalzi Vdgzs

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs


30/67

cmmgvxgodmEdssgdk

sbdzv checs zcsmx gk idkw bgeb svdxgdm azctckogcs

cmmgvxgodmEdssgdk

Hgs` Jcsscm

Ilzc :)H Alzgcz Xzdksalzi Vdgzs

G"r-w' DivpQ"-q'y

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs


31/67

olivmcr kijczs> "zcdm- gidegkdzw' lz "divmgxhc- vbdsc'

divmgxhc xcmms blu iob la d oczxdgk svdxgdm azctckowolivlkckx

vbdsc xcmms ubczc xbgs olivlkckx gs mlodxchG"r-w' DivpQ"-q'y VbdpQ"-q'y

Divmgxhc dkh Vbdsc

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs


32/67

olivmcr kijczs> "zcdm- gidegkdzw' lz "divmgxhc- vbdsc'

divmgxhc xcmms blu iob la d oczxdgk svdxgdm azctckowolivlkckx

vbdsc xcmms ubczc xbgs olivlkckx gs mlodxchG"r-w' DivpQ"-q'y VbdpQ"-q'y

Divmgxhc dkh Vbdsc

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs


33/67

Xbc AX la d sgkemc qgsgjgmgxw icdszcickx gs d sgkslgh ugxb svdogke4,9 m,Jjcxucck soocssgqc vcd`s- lz azgkecs

Jgmh v dk gidec la xbc s`w jw siigke idkw sob sgkslghs"dhhgxglk xbclzci'

AX sodmgke xbclzci sblus> _blzx jdscmgkcs bdqc mdzec

azgkec svdogkes dkh icdszcmdzec)sodmc sxzoxzc lk xbc s`w

Mlke jdscmgkcs bdqc sidmm

azgkec svdogkes dkh icdszcsidmm)sodmc sxzoxzc lk xbc s`w

Azgkec _gek

m,Jzdh

_lzocjzgebxkcss

Vgoxzgke xbc Qgsgjgmgxw> Azgkecs

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs


34/67

?8

sdivmc Q"-q' dx ckleb vlgkxs xl swkxbcsg~c xbc ctgqdmckx mdzecdvczxzc la sg~c "idr-qidr'

4 vdgz la xcmcsolvcs 4 "-q' sdivmc dx d xgic

Kxcmcsolvcs kijcz la sdivmcs 9 K"K)4',:

agmm gk "-q' vmdkc jw id`gke sc la Cdzxb zlxdxglk>

_gz Idzxgk Zwmc- 4758 Kljcm Vzg~c gk Vbwsgos zcolkagezc vbwsgodm mdwlx la Kxcmcsolvcs alz ilzc

: olkagezdxglks

la 2 _ID dkxckkds

?83 EB~

Hco 9 ):8 hce

_gz Idzxgk Zwmc4742)4728

Dvczxzc _wkxbcsgs


35/67

Gidegke

Gidegke


36/67

gk dvczxzc swkxbcsgs- Q"-q' sdivmcs dzc mgigxch jw kijcz laxcmcsolvcs- dkh Cdzxb)s`w eclicxzw

bgeb svdxgdm azctckogcs>

idrgii dkemdz zcslmxglk

mlu svdxgdm azctckogcs> crxckhch sxzoxzcs

gkqgsgjmc

"d`d lkmw d idr sodmc odkjc gidech0 dmsl ff~czl)

svdogke vzljmci 9 kl mdzecsodmcs'

gzzcemdz ugxbgk bgeb,mlu mgigxs>

sdivmgke xbclzci qglmdxch

sxgmm ilzc gkalzidxglk

"-q' Vmdkc _divmgke

Gidegke


37/67

sdivmc Alzgcz hlidgk dx hgsozcxc vlgkxs- gc-

xbc gkqczsc Alzgcz xzdksalzi la xbgs gs

Jx xbc olkqlmxglk xbclzci xcmms s

ubczc "xbc vlgkx svzcdh akoxglk'

Alzgcz xzdksalzi la sdivmch qgsgjgmgxgcs wgcmhs xbc xzc s`w jzgebxkcssolkqlmqch ugxb xbc vlgkx svzcdh akoxglk

"xbc hgzxw gidec gs xbc xzc gidec olkqlmqch ugxb xbc hgzxw jcdi'

Alzidm Hcsozgvxglk

G

G G

Gidegke


38/67

J"-q'

GH"r-w'"hgzxw

gidec'

j"r-w'"hgzxw

jcdi'

G"r-w'

Hgzxw Jcdi dkh Hgzxw Gidec

Gidegke


39/67

: Dkxckkds

Hgzxw Jcdi _bdvc dkh K Dkxckkds

Gidegke


40/67

? Dkxckkds


Gidegke


41/67

8 Dkxckkds


Gidegke


42/67

3 Dkxckkds


Gidegke


43/67

1 Dkxckkds


Gidegke


44/67

5 Dkxckkds


Gidegke


45/67

2 Dkxckkds


Gidegke


46/67

2 Dkxckkds r 1 _divmcs


Gidegke


47/67

2 Dkxckkds r ?6 _divmcs


Gidegke


48/67



Gidegke


49/67

2 Dkxckkds r 4:6 _divmcs


Gidegke


50/67

2 Dkxckkds r :86 _divmcs


Gidegke


51/67



Gidegke


52/67

q vmdkc dkdmwsgs

jcsx alz sgivmc slzocs- c+e- vlgkx slzocs- hgs`s gidec vmdkc dkdmwsgs

Alzgcz xzdksalzi Q"-q' sdivmcs xl gidec vmdkc- ecx GH"r-w'

jx hgaagomx xl hl sogckoc lk hgzxw gidec

hcolkqlmqc j"r-w' azli GH"r-w' xl hcxczigkc "ilhcm la' G"r-w'

qgsgjgmgxgcs hgzxw gidec s`w jzgebxkcss

Blu xl dkdmw~c gkxczaczlicxcz hdxd Gkomhgke ucgebxgke akoxglk Uxl ilhgaw hgzxw jcdi sghcmljcs>

kdxzdm ucgebxgke> hcksgxw laq)olqczdec 9 bgebcsx olivdoxamr scksgxgqgxw

kgalzi ucgebxgke> crxckx laq)olqczdec 9 bgebcsx zcslmxglk

zljsx ucgebxgke> olivzligsc jcxucck kdxzdm dkh kgalzi

xdvczgke> hlukucgebxs bgeb svdxgdm azctckogcs 9 bgebczcrxckhch amr scksgxgqgxw

Ucgebxgke dkh Xdvczgke

gidegke vdzdicxczs vzlqghc d mlx la azcchli

dvvzlvzgdxc oblgoc hcvckhs lk sogckoc eldms

KJ> Vzgidzw Jcdi AUBI gs xbc Agcmh)la)Qgcu la d sgkemc)vlgkxgke gkxczaczlicxzgo gidec

Gidegke


54/67

Zljsx 6+ Xdvcz655r61:

9 45

Kdxzdm655r61:

9 46

Skgalzi6?7r6?4

9 ?5

Zljsx 6684r6?1

9 41

Ucgebxgke dkh Xdvczgke> Crdivmcs


55/67

Hcolkqlmxglk

Hcolkqlmxglk


56/67

hgaagomx xl hl sogckoc lk hgzxw gidec hcolkqlmqc j"r-w' azli GH"r-w' xl zcolqcz G"r-w'

gkalzidxglk gs igssgke- sl jc odzcam$ "xbczcs klgsc- xll'

hgzxw gidec OMCDK gidec

Hcolkqlmxglk

Hcolkqlmxglk


57/67

Hcolkqlmxglk>

scs klk)mgkcdz xcobkgtcs caacoxgqcmw gkxczvlmdxc,crxzdvlmdxcsdivmcs la Q"-q' gkxl ksdivmch zceglks la xbc "-q' vmdkc

dgis xl agkh d scksgjmc ilhcm la G"r-w' olivdxgjmc ugxb hdxd

zctgzcs d vzglzgdssivxglks djlx G"r-w'

OMCDK "Bejli 4758' gs ilsx oliilk dmelzgxbi gk zdhgl dsxzlkliw

d vzglzgdssivxglk> G"r-w' gs d olmmcoxglk la vlgkx slzocs

qdzgdkxs alz olivxdxglkdm caagogckow- crxckhch sxzoxzc

hcolkqlmxglk zctgzcs `klumchec la jcdi sbdvc dkh gidec klgscvzlvczxgcs "sdmmw L@ alz dvczxzc swkxbcsgs'

dxilsvbczgo sccgke odk ilhgaw caacoxgqc jcdi sbdvc

hcolkqlmxglk vzlocss odk ilhgaw gidec klgsc vzlvczxgcs

Hcolkqlmxglk Dmelzgxbis

Hcolkqlmxglk


58/67

4 Gkgxgdmg~c

d zcsghdmidv xl xbc hgzxw idv d OMCDK olivlkckxmgsx

: Ghckxgaw sxzlkecsx acdxzc gkzcsghdmidv ds d vlgkx slzoc

? Dhh d azdoxglk e"xbc mllv edgk' laxbgs vlgkx slzoc xl xbc omcdkolivlkckx mgsx "e{ 663)6?'

8 _jxzdox xbc azdoxglk exgics j"r-w'azli zcsghdmidv

3 Ga sxlvvgke ozgxczgd. klx zcdobch- eljdo` xl sxcv : "dk gxczdxglk'- lz

1 Olkqlmqc OMCDK olivlkckx "oo'mgsx ugxb dk csxgidxc la xbc idgkhgzxw jcdi mljc "g+c+- xbc OMCDKjcdi' dkh dhh zcsghdmidv xlid`c xbc agkdm zcsxlzch gidec

j"r-w'

GH"r-w'

Jdsgo OMCDK Dmelzgxbi

G"r-w'

. _xlvvgke ozgxczgd 9 K r zis "ga klgsc mgigxch'- lz Gidr,K "ga hwkdigozdkec mgigxch'- ubczc K gs slic dzjgxzdzgmw oblsck qdmc

Hcolkqlmxglk


59/67

zcsxlzchgidec

zcsghdmidv

OMCDKilhcm

GH"r-w'

OMCDK

Hcolkqlmxglk


60/67

OMCDK jcdi sg~c> kdxzdm oblgoc gs xl agx xbc ockxzdm vcd` la xbc hgzxw jcdi

ugxb cmmgvxgodm Edssgdk

kgx la hcolkqlmqch idv gs Nw vcz OMCDK jcdi dzcd"9 gkxcksgxw- odk olkqczx xl jzgebxkcss xcivczdxzc'

igkgig~c kgx vzljmcis ubck dhhgke hgzxw idv zcsghdms

ilhcsx svcz zcslmxglk laxck L@- jx jc odzcam

vblxlicxzw sblmh jc hlkc ugxb odxglk

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Zcsxlzch Gidecs

Hcolkqlmxglk


61/67

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Icdszcs la Gidec Tdmgxw


62/67

"_j'ii Gsscs

"sj'ii gsscs


63/67

"VUQ 9 Vzcogvgxdjmc Udxcz Qdvlz'

Lvdogxw ds d Akoxglk la VUQ

"sj'ii gsscs


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"sj'ii gsscs


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"sj'ii gsscs


66/67

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Lxbcz "_j'ii Gsscs


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Zdhgl Xcmcsolvcs dzc ollm

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Bgeb dxilsvbczgo lvdogxgcs dkh vbdsc qdzgdjgmgxw

Egqck bgebcz azctckogcs- dmm gksxzickxdxglk isx jc ilzc vzcogsc

_iidzw

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