CRCT Review BookCRCT Review Book

CLEAR YOUR DESK EXCEPT CLEAR YOUR DESK EXCEPT FOR A PENCIL OR PENFOR A PENCIL OR PEN

Latin America and Latin America and the Caribbean the Caribbean

The student will discuss The student will discuss Environmental Issues in Latin Environmental Issues in Latin

AmericaAmerica►Mexico City – air pollution is bad b/c of Mexico City – air pollution is bad b/c of

factories and cars, they live in a bowl-factories and cars, they live in a bowl-shaped crater, Ideas to fix are to not shaped crater, Ideas to fix are to not drive some daysdrive some days

►Brazil – destruction of the rainforest Brazil – destruction of the rainforest (deforestation)– caused by road (deforestation)– caused by road building, logging, miningbuilding, logging, mining

►Venezuela – oil drilling causes pollution Venezuela – oil drilling causes pollution – but its 50% of their economy– but its 50% of their economy

The student will explain the impact of location, The student will explain the impact of location, climate, distribution of natural resources on climate, distribution of natural resources on

Latin America and the CaribbeanLatin America and the Caribbean

►Mexico sends 80% of its exports to U.S. – Mexico sends 80% of its exports to U.S. – most people live in cities, rich in natural most people live in cities, rich in natural resourcesresources

► Venezuela gets most food from U.S. – most Venezuela gets most food from U.S. – most people live along the coast – oil is most people live along the coast – oil is most important natural resourceimportant natural resource

► Brazil – most people live along the coast in Brazil – most people live along the coast in cities, rich farmlandcities, rich farmland

► Cuba – most people live in cities and towns – Cuba – most people live in cities and towns – don’t trade with U.S. don’t trade with U.S.

The student will describe the cultural The student will describe the cultural characteristics of people who live in Latin characteristics of people who live in Latin

America and the CaribbeanAmerica and the Caribbean

►Spain and Portuguese conquered so Spain and Portuguese conquered so most people speak Spanish and most people speak Spanish and Portuguese. Portuguese. -meztizos = Spanish and Indian-meztizos = Spanish and Indian

-mullattos = Spanish and blacks-mullattos = Spanish and blacks

-most people are catholic because that’s -most people are catholic because that’s what Spanish and Portuguese are. what Spanish and Portuguese are.

►Higher literacy rate = higher GDP = Higher literacy rate = higher GDP = higher standard of living higher standard of living

The student will explain the The student will explain the impact of location, climate, impact of location, climate,

distribution of natural resources, distribution of natural resources, and population distribution in and population distribution in

CanadaCanada►About 75% of people live in cities in About 75% of people live in cities in

southern Canada. Within 100 miles of southern Canada. Within 100 miles of the U.S/Canada border.the U.S/Canada border.

►Most imports and exports are with Most imports and exports are with U.S. U.S.

The student will discuss The student will discuss environmental issues in environmental issues in

CanadaCanada►Environmental issues in Canada = Environmental issues in Canada =

Acid rain from factories into Great Acid rain from factories into Great Lakes, also waste from industries Lakes, also waste from industries

The student will compare and The student will compare and contrast various forms of contrast various forms of

governmentgovernment► Unitary= central has power over regionalUnitary= central has power over regional► Confederation = regional has power over Confederation = regional has power over

centralcentral► Federal = share power btw central and regionalFederal = share power btw central and regional► Autocratic = one rulerAutocratic = one ruler► oligarchy = small groupoligarchy = small group►Democratic = people voteDemocratic = people vote

Parliamentary = people vote for parliamentParliamentary = people vote for parliament Presidential = people vote for president and Presidential = people vote for president and

parliamentparliament

The student will explain the The student will explain the structures of national governments structures of national governments in Latin America and the Caribbeanin Latin America and the Caribbean►Brazil = federal presidential democracy Brazil = federal presidential democracy

– – required to vote, average level of freedomrequired to vote, average level of freedom

►Mexico = federal presidential democracyMexico = federal presidential democracy 18+ choose to vote18+ choose to vote president has 1, 6 year term president has 1, 6 year term

►Cuba – unitary, autocratic dictatorshipCuba – unitary, autocratic dictatorship One political party, little freedomOne political party, little freedom

The student will explain the The student will explain the structure of the national structure of the national government of Canadagovernment of Canada

►CanadaCanada Constitutional monarchyConstitutional monarchy Federal Parliamentary DemocracyFederal Parliamentary Democracy

The student will analyze The student will analyze different economic systemsdifferent economic systems

►Traditional- customs and habits of the Traditional- customs and habits of the pastpast

►Command – government makes decisionsCommand – government makes decisions►Market – citizens make decisionsMarket – citizens make decisions►All countries are mixed on a continuum All countries are mixed on a continuum ►Canada – market -> mixedCanada – market -> mixed►Brazil – Market -> mixedBrazil – Market -> mixed►Cuba – Command Cuba – Command

The student will give examples of how The student will give examples of how voluntary trade benefits buyers and sellers in voluntary trade benefits buyers and sellers in

Latin America, the Caribbean, and CanadaLatin America, the Caribbean, and Canada

► Specialization – each country picks a few Specialization – each country picks a few products to get good at and make money off products to get good at and make money off ofof

► Tariffs – taxTariffs – tax► Quota = restriction on numberQuota = restriction on number► Embargo = no tradeEmbargo = no trade► NAFTA – free trade agreement btw US, NAFTA – free trade agreement btw US,

Canada, MexicoCanada, Mexico► We have to exchange currencies b/c we all We have to exchange currencies b/c we all

have different moneyhave different money

The student will describe the factors that The student will describe the factors that influence economic growth and examine influence economic growth and examine

their presence or absence in Latin their presence or absence in Latin

AmericaAmerica ►More education, training, healthcare = More education, training, healthcare =

higher GDPhigher GDP►Better factories and machinery = Better factories and machinery =

higher GDPhigher GDP►More useful natural resources = better More useful natural resources = better

economyeconomy►Entrepreneurs = businesses = jobs = Entrepreneurs = businesses = jobs =

money made – money spent = higher money made – money spent = higher GDPGDP

The student will explain personal The student will explain personal money management choices in money management choices in

terms of income, spending, credit, terms of income, spending, credit, saving, and investingsaving, and investing

►Don’t spend money you don’t have.Don’t spend money you don’t have.► If you want something, save for it. If you want something, save for it. ► Investing means you make money off Investing means you make money off

of what you put inof what you put in

The student will describe the The student will describe the impact of European contact on Latin impact of European contact on Latin

AmericaAmerica ►Aztecs –Cortes conquered, Tenochtitlan Aztecs –Cortes conquered, Tenochtitlan

was capital, Montezuma was leaderwas capital, Montezuma was leader► Inca’s – Pizarro Conquered – took Inca’s – Pizarro Conquered – took

Atahualpa capture, guns played large roleAtahualpa capture, guns played large role►Columbian Exchange – movement of Columbian Exchange – movement of

things from America to Europe, Europe to things from America to Europe, Europe to AmericaAmerica Indigenous people died, both got more food, Indigenous people died, both got more food,

horse helped indigenous peoplehorse helped indigenous people

The student will explain the development of The student will explain the development of Latin America and the Caribbean from European Latin America and the Caribbean from European

colonies to independent nationscolonies to independent nations

►African Slavery meant countries got rich African Slavery meant countries got rich - now make up large part of population- now make up large part of population

►Portuguese and Spanish are most widely Portuguese and Spanish are most widely spoken language and religion is catholicspoken language and religion is catholic

►Toussaint freed HaitiToussaint freed Haiti►Bolivar helped free all of South AmericaBolivar helped free all of South America►Hidalgo inspired Mexico’s independence Hidalgo inspired Mexico’s independence

movement movement

The student will analyze important 20The student will analyze important 20thth century century

issues in Latin America and the Caribbeanissues in Latin America and the Caribbean

►Cuban revolution changed Cuba to Cuban revolution changed Cuba to communist and made U.S. cut ties with communist and made U.S. cut ties with CubaCuba

►Zapatista movement meant they had Zapatista movement meant they had representation in the governmentrepresentation in the government

The student will describe the The student will describe the impact of European contact on impact of European contact on

CanadaCanada ►French and English settled = French and English settled =

languages in Canada are French and languages in Canada are French and EnglishEnglish

►Parliament in Britain created the Parliament in Britain created the Dominion of Canada and other Dominion of Canada and other provinces joinedprovinces joined

►Canada was independent by 1931Canada was independent by 1931

The student will analyze The student will analyze contemporary issues in Canadacontemporary issues in Canada►Quebec wants to be independent Quebec wants to be independent

because they identify with French because they identify with French Speak French, are Catholic Speak French, are Catholic

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EuropeEurope

The student will discuss The student will discuss environmental issues in Europeenvironmental issues in Europe►Germany – acid rain, destroys forests Germany – acid rain, destroys forests

and eats away at buildings. Strict laws and eats away at buildings. Strict laws to stop pollutionto stop pollution

►UK – air pollution from factories and UK – air pollution from factories and cars, causes smog cars, causes smog

►Ukraine- nuclear disaster at Chernobyl Ukraine- nuclear disaster at Chernobyl contaminated farmland, caused cancer contaminated farmland, caused cancer

The student will explain the impact of location, The student will explain the impact of location, climate, natural resources, and population climate, natural resources, and population

distribution in Europedistribution in Europe

►Britain – most people live in urban Britain – most people live in urban areas, mild climateareas, mild climate

►Russia – most people live in west, very Russia – most people live in west, very cold, lots of resourcescold, lots of resources

►Germany – moderate climate, strongest Germany – moderate climate, strongest economy, most people live in citieseconomy, most people live in cities

► Italy – moderate climate, few natural Italy – moderate climate, few natural resources, most people live in the northresources, most people live in the north

The student will describe the The student will describe the cultural characteristics of cultural characteristics of

EuropeEurope►Germanic – German and EnglishGermanic – German and English► Romance – based on Latin, Italian, French, Romance – based on Latin, Italian, French,

SpanishSpanish► Slavic- RussianSlavic- Russian► Judaism – first monotheistic religion, TorahJudaism – first monotheistic religion, Torah► Christianity – based on teachings of JesusChristianity – based on teachings of Jesus► Islam – fastest growing religion, Allah is God, Islam – fastest growing religion, Allah is God,

Muhammad is ProphetMuhammad is Prophet►High literacy rates throughout EuropeHigh literacy rates throughout Europe

The student will compare and The student will compare and contrast various forms of contrast various forms of

governmentgovernment► Unitary= central has power over regionalUnitary= central has power over regional► Confederation = regional has power over Confederation = regional has power over

centralcentral► Federal = share power btw central and regionalFederal = share power btw central and regional► Autocratic = one rulerAutocratic = one ruler► oligarchy = small groupoligarchy = small group►Democratic = people voteDemocratic = people vote

Parliamentary = people vote for parliamentParliamentary = people vote for parliament Presidential = people vote for president and Presidential = people vote for president and

parliamentparliament

The student will explain the The student will explain the structure of modern European structure of modern European

governmentsgovernments ►Germany – Federal Parliamentary Germany – Federal Parliamentary

democracy, Chancellor is most powerful, democracy, Chancellor is most powerful, Bundestag and BundesratBundestag and Bundesrat

► Russia – federal presidential democracyRussia – federal presidential democracy Federation Council, State Duma Federation Council, State Duma

► United Kingdom – unitary parliamentary United Kingdom – unitary parliamentary democracy, House of Commons and House democracy, House of Commons and House of Lordsof Lords

► European Union – create peaceful European Union – create peaceful environment in Europe, free trade among environment in Europe, free trade among countries, one currency called the Euro. countries, one currency called the Euro.

The student will analyze The student will analyze different economic systemsdifferent economic systems

►Traditional- customs and habits of the Traditional- customs and habits of the pastpast

►Command – government makes decisionsCommand – government makes decisions►Market – citizens make decisionsMarket – citizens make decisions►All countries are mixed on a continuum All countries are mixed on a continuum ►United Kingdom – market -> mixedUnited Kingdom – market -> mixed►Germany –mixedGermany –mixed►Russia – mixed -> market Russia – mixed -> market

The student will analyze the benefits of trade The student will analyze the benefits of trade barriers to voluntary trade in Europebarriers to voluntary trade in Europe

►Specialization – each country picks a Specialization – each country picks a few products to get good at and make few products to get good at and make money off ofmoney off of

►Tariffs – taxTariffs – tax►Quota = restriction on numberQuota = restriction on number►Embargo = no tradeEmbargo = no trade►We have to exchange currencies b/c We have to exchange currencies b/c

we all have different moneywe all have different money

The student will describe the factors that The student will describe the factors that influence economic growth and examine influence economic growth and examine

their presence or absence in Europetheir presence or absence in Europe

►More education, training, healthcare = More education, training, healthcare = higher GDPhigher GDP

►Better factories and machinery = Better factories and machinery = higher GDPhigher GDP

►More useful natural resources = better More useful natural resources = better economyeconomy

►Entrepreneurs = businesses = jobs = Entrepreneurs = businesses = jobs = money made – money spent = higher money made – money spent = higher GDPGDP

The student will analyze the impact of The student will analyze the impact of European exploration and colonization on European exploration and colonization on

various world regionsvarious world regions

► Reasons to explore = spice trade, renaissance, Reasons to explore = spice trade, renaissance, new land, God, gold, glorynew land, God, gold, glory

► Prince Henry was one of first explorerPrince Henry was one of first explorer► Spanish -Caribbean, middle and south AmericaSpanish -Caribbean, middle and south America► British – Caribbean, North America, IndiaBritish – Caribbean, North America, India► France – Canada, Louisiana, islands in France – Canada, Louisiana, islands in

Caribbean, AfricaCaribbean, Africa► Competition over building empires, Competition over building empires,

nationalism, alliances, militarism caused WWInationalism, alliances, militarism caused WWI

The student will explain conflict and The student will explain conflict and

change in Europe in the 21change in Europe in the 21stst century century ► After WW1:After WW1:► Treaty of Versailles very harsh on GermanyTreaty of Versailles very harsh on Germany► Russian Revolution made them communistRussian Revolution made them communist► Rise of Nazism – grew bc Germany was Rise of Nazism – grew bc Germany was

struggling so muchstruggling so much► WWII erupts – Holocaust = mass genocide of WWII erupts – Holocaust = mass genocide of

JewsJews► Cold War after WWII – Berlin wall built by Cold War after WWII – Berlin wall built by

Soviet UnionSoviet Union► 1989 – Berlin wall torn down, Germany 1989 – Berlin wall torn down, Germany

reunifiedreunified► 1991- Soviet Union collapses 1991- Soviet Union collapses

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Australia Australia

The student will explain the impact of The student will explain the impact of location, climate, distribution of natural location, climate, distribution of natural resources and population distribution on resources and population distribution on

AustraliaAustralia ►Desert covers 2/3 of islandDesert covers 2/3 of island►Climate is temperate Climate is temperate ►Many natural resourcesMany natural resources►Most live along the coast in citiesMost live along the coast in cities

The student will describe the cultural The student will describe the cultural characteristics of people who live in characteristics of people who live in

AustraliaAustralia ►British settled – speak English and are British settled – speak English and are

ChristianChristian►High literacy rate = high GDP = high High literacy rate = high GDP = high

standard of living standard of living

The student will compare and The student will compare and contrast various forms of contrast various forms of

governmentgovernment► Unitary= central has power over regionalUnitary= central has power over regional► Confederation = regional has power over Confederation = regional has power over

centralcentral► Federal = share power btw central and regionalFederal = share power btw central and regional► Autocratic = one rulerAutocratic = one ruler► oligarchy = small groupoligarchy = small group►Democratic = people voteDemocratic = people vote

Parliamentary = people vote for parliamentParliamentary = people vote for parliament Presidential = people vote for president and Presidential = people vote for president and

parliamentparliament

The student will explain the The student will explain the structure of the national structure of the national

government of Australiagovernment of Australia ►Australia = Federal parliamentary Australia = Federal parliamentary

democracydemocracy►Required to vote at 18+Required to vote at 18+

The student will analyze The student will analyze different economic systemsdifferent economic systems

►Traditional- customs and habits of the Traditional- customs and habits of the pastpast

►Command – government makes Command – government makes decisionsdecisions

►Market – citizens make decisionsMarket – citizens make decisions►All countries are mixed on a continuum All countries are mixed on a continuum ►Australia has the freest economy in the Australia has the freest economy in the

world = market world = market

The student will give examples of how The student will give examples of how voluntary trade benefits buyers and sellers in voluntary trade benefits buyers and sellers in

AustraliaAustralia

►Specialization – each country picks a Specialization – each country picks a few products to get good at and make few products to get good at and make money off ofmoney off of

►Tariffs – taxTariffs – tax►Quota = restriction on numberQuota = restriction on number►Embargo = no tradeEmbargo = no trade►We have to exchange currencies b/c We have to exchange currencies b/c

we all have different moneywe all have different money

The student will describe the factors that The student will describe the factors that influence economic growth and examine influence economic growth and examine

their presence or absence in Australiatheir presence or absence in Australia

►More education, training, healthcare = More education, training, healthcare = higher GDPhigher GDP

►Better factories and machinery = Better factories and machinery = higher GDPhigher GDP

►More useful natural resources = better More useful natural resources = better economyeconomy

►Entrepreneurs = businesses = jobs = Entrepreneurs = businesses = jobs = money made – money spent = higher money made – money spent = higher GDPGDP

The student will describe the The student will describe the culture and development of culture and development of

Australia prior to contact with Australia prior to contact with

EuropeansEuropeans ►Aborigines are one of oldest Aborigines are one of oldest

civilizations in worldcivilizations in world►Relied on the landRelied on the land►Dreamtime = religionDreamtime = religion

The student will explain the impact of The student will explain the impact of European Exploration and colonization European Exploration and colonization

had on Australiahad on Australia ►Britain settled and created Penal Britain settled and created Penal

colonycolony Relieve overcrowded jailsRelieve overcrowded jails Used prisoners to build colony Used prisoners to build colony

►Diseases and war killed many Diseases and war killed many Aborigines because of mistreatment Aborigines because of mistreatment

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