Experiment 6Demonstration on Effect of RTD on the Reaction in a CSTR

OBJECTIVES:• To carry out a saponification reaction between NaOH and Et(Ac) in a CSTR.• To determine the effect of residence time on the extent of conversion.

PROCEDURES:1. Perform the general start-up procedures2. Open valves V2, V5, V7, and V10.3. Switch ON both pumps P1 and P2 simultaneously.4. Let the reactor fill up with both solutions until it is just about to . full.5. Readjust the valves V5 and V10 to give a flow rate of about 100 mL/min. Makesure that both flow rates are the same. Record the flow rate.6. Switch ON the stirrer, M1 and set the speed to about 200 rpm.7. Start the timer simultaneously.8. Record the conductivity value at Q1-401 for every 5 minutes until it does notchange over time. This is to ensure that the reactor has reached steady state.9. Find the concentration of NaOH in the reactor and extent of conversion from thecalibration curve.10. End the experiment when the conductivity values do not change significantly overtime.11. Repeat the experiment (steps 6 to 10) for different residence times by adjusting thefeed flow rates of NaOH and Et(Ac) to about 200 mL/min. Make sure that bothflow rates are maintained the same.12. Perform the general shut-down procedures.

EXPERIMENT 7:

Demonstration on The Effect of Temperature on the Reaction in a CSTR

OBJECTIVES:

• To determine the effect of temperature on the extent of conversion.

PROCEDURES:

1. Perform the general start-up procedures.

2. Open valves V2, V5, V7, and V10.

3. Switch on both pumps P1 and P2 simultaneously.

4. Let the reactor fill up with both solutions until it is just about to ¾ full.

5. Readjust the valves V5 and V10 to give a flow rate of 200 mL/min. Make sure that

both flow rates are the same. Record the flow rate.

6. Switch ON the stirrer, M1 and set the speed at about 200 rpm.

7. Set the thermostat tank T1 temperature to 40°C. Wait until the desired temperature

is reached, then turn on the thermostat pump.

8. Start the timer simultaneously.

9. Record the conductivity value at Q1-401 for every 5 minutes until it does not

change over time. This is to ensure that the reactor has reached steady state.

10. Find the concentration of NaOH in the reactor and extent of conversion from the

calibration curve.

11. End the experiment when the conductivity values do not change significantly over

time.

12. Repeat the experiment (steps 6 to 11) for different reactor temperatures by setting

the thermostat temperature to 60°C. Make sure that the flow rates of both solutions

are maintained at 200 mL/min.

13. Perform the general shut-down procedures.