creating effective visuals for teaching and presentation
TRANSCRIPT
Creating effective visualsKristen SosulskiAssociate Professor of Information Systems @ NYU SternDirector of Education for the NYU Stern W.R. Berkley Innovation Lab@sosulski | [email protected] | kristensosulski.com
OverviewThe workshop provides participants with the common presentations pitfalls and best ways to incorporate data visualizations into live presentations. This workshop will help you create stellar presentations that show your data through clear and well-designed displays.
Topics:
-Overview of presentation design and readability.-Common presentation pitfalls.-Best practices for using and delivering charts and graphs in your presentations.-Examples of effective visual communication through the use of data visualization.
Takeaways:
-A standards checklist for designing and delivering slide presentations with charts and graphs.-Common pitfalls for presentations and data visualizations.
Visuals are tools to help us think
Dual channels
Limited capacity
Active Processing
Human information processing system
Words
Pictures
Ears
Eyes
Sounds
Images
Verbal Model
PictorialModel
Priorknowledge
Multimedia presentation
Sensorymemory
Working memory Long-termmemory
INTRODUCTION
Do you use PowerPoint to
support your presentations and discussions?
serve as your talking points?
use as handouts for your audience?
Do you use PowerPoint to
support your presentations and discussions?
serve as your talking points?
use as handouts for your audience?
What PowerPoint is NOTSummary statement that I will read verbatim• Additional points I want to make
– Relevant sub-point– And another one– And another one
• And I don’t want to to forget this part– Or this
WHAT MAKES A POOR PRESENATION?
We’ve all been in situations where there’s been a poor presenter who read directly off of his/her slides…
Quarterly Report
FOR Q3 2013
Quarterly ReportFOR Q3 2013
Q3 2012Q4 2012
Q1 2013Q2 2013
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RS 200 Series
RS LE
PNN 2000xPMM 3000
RS 200 SeriesRS 400 SeriesRS LESNN 2000PNN 2000xQualtrell XOPMM 3000
Quarterly Report
FOR Q3 2013
Q3 2012Q4 2012
Q1 2013Q2 2013
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
RS 200 Series
RS LE
PNN 2000xPMM 3000
RS 200 SeriesRS 400 SeriesRS LESNN 2000PNN 2000xQualtrell XOPMM 3000
This quarter has seen the continued declline of many ofour leading product lines. Previous market leaders such As the PNN 2000x and the RS 200 series have continued trends that began in Q4 of last year. The RS Limitedsaw a brief surge during the holiday season, but wasquickly abandoned by consumers as the novelty-factorbegan to fade.
Surprisingly, most of our gains have been seen in productsThat were previously viewed as under-performers, suchAs theQualtrell XO and PMM 3000. This appears to be drivenBy enterprise users, and technical problems and missingFeatures in Mango’s latest release have damaged itsReputation in business environments. Whether this trend isTemporary, or marks a major sea change in the demographics of ourCustomer base will have a huge impact on our direction going forward.
COMMON PITFALLS
What annoys people about financial presentations?
Paradi, D. (2014)
#1: Too many numbers on a slide
#2. Readability: Small font size
32 point font is good for text and labels20 point font is more difficult to read
14 point font is even harder
12 point font should only be used for written documents not presentations
You’re too close if you can read this
#3: Too much information for the time
#4. Mostly a table of numbers with few visuals
FIVE WAYS WE CAN WE IMPROVE OUR PRESENTATIONS?
1. DESIGN FOR THE PROJECTOR
Not for viewing in other formats…
Tablet Paper Screen
Use the proper aspect ratio
You can change the aspect ratio by going to File > Page Setup
4:3 - STANDARD 16:9 - WIDESCREEN
Show your slides in full-screen view
2. USE SLIDES TO SUPPORT YOU
Instead of the slides serving as your presentation
• Rather than reading individual values at one time, which is how we perceive tables of text, we can, thanks to a graphs, see and potentially understand many values at once.
• This is because visual displays combine values into patterns that we can perceive as wholes, such as patterns formed by a lines in a graph.
• As a rule of thumb, anything that is processed at a rate faster than 10 msec per item is considered to be pre-attentive.
• Typical processing rates for non pre-attentive targets are 40 msec per item and more (Treisman & Gormican, 1988).
• Pre-attentive processing is the • Fast process of recognition. • Detects several attributes, such as color and the location of objects in 2-D space• If you want something to stand out in a graph, you should encode it using a pre-attentive
attribute that contrasts with the surrounding information
Avoid writing in full sentences. Try to apply the 6 x 6 rule.
Graphs help us see• Combine data into a single series;• Present data through encodings; and• Highlight patterns, change, trends, or cycles
Use the notes field for talking points
4. FOLLOW THE BASIC DESIGN GUIDELINES
Graphs help us see• Combine Data Into a Single Series;• Present Data Through Encodings; and• Highlight Patterns, Change, Trends and
Cycles.
Avoid mixed case lettering. Write in sentence case.
Graphs help us see• Combine Data Into a Single Series;• Present Data Through Encodings; and • Highlight Patterns, Change, Trends, or Cycles
Use 32 point font or larger
Graphs help us see• Combine data into a single series;• Present data through encodings; and• Highlight patterns, changes, trends, or
cycles
Use white or black as a background color
Graphs help us see• Combine data into a single series;• Present data through encodings; and• Highlight patterns, changes, trends, or
cycles.
Graphs help us see• Combine data into a single series;• Present data through encodings; and• Highlight patterns, changes, trends, or
cycles
Graphs help us see• Combine data into a single series;• Present data through encodings; and• Highlight patterns, changes, trends, or
cycles
Select the appropriate slide layout
5. MAKE CHARTS EASY TO READ AND INTERPRET
The top 10 major data visualization design principles
1. Chart type2. Color3. Text and labels4. Readability5. Scales and proportions6. Data integrity & the lie factor7. Chart Junk8. Data density9. Data-ink ratio10. Data Richness
Above all else show the data
---Edward Tufte
What are the values for April?
5. DESIGN YOUR CONTENT FOR HUMANS
The rate at which information is lost is basically a function of how it was learned (Anderson,
2000, p. 174)
What does it take to make a graphic symbol that can be found rapidly?
Perception
Our visual system has its own rules.
Perception - Rule #1
We do not attend to everything we see.
Perception - Rule #2
Our eyes are drawn to familiar patterns. We see what we know and expect.
Visualizations work best when they display information as patterns that are both familiar and easy to spot.
--Stephen Few, 2009, p. 34
Perception - Rule #3
Memory plays an important role in human cognition, but working memory is extremely limited.
Working memory• It is temporary• It has limited storage capacity
Demonstration
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Highlight to draw attention
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But don’t highlight everything…
Copyright 2016 Kristen Sosulski 69
Preattentive processing• Fast process of
recognition • Detects several
attributes, such as color and the location.
Use animation to highlight and explain
Probability of recall
Rapid loss initially
Slower loss later
USING VISUALS
-Nathan Yau, 2013, p. 261
Visualization is often framed as a medium for storytelling. The numbers are the source material, and the graphs are how you describe the source.
-Ben Fry, 2008, p. 4.
Visualization is a kind of narrative, providing a clear answer to a question without extraneous details.
Watch this video by Jason Clay:
http://www.ted.com/talks/jason_clay_how_big_brands_can_save_biodiversity?language=en
TakeawayPowerPoint should augment your presentation not be your presentation.
Watch this video by Hans Rosling:https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hVimVzgtD6w
Takeaway
Lead your audience through your visualization
Watch this video by David McCandlesshttp://www.ted.com/talks/david_mccandless_the_beauty_of_data_visualization.html.
TakeawayHighlight and show your audience what is important.
YOU ARE THE DESIGNER
You are control of what is presented
….and what is omitted
Wong, 2010, p. 29
How you show it
Where you show it
Projected Paper Screen
And when you show it
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THANK YOUKristen SosulskiAssociate Professor of Information Systems @ NYU SternDirector of Education for the NYU Stern W.R. Berkley Innovation
Lab@sosulski | [email protected] | kristensosulski.com
zAN EDUCATION IN POSSIBLE