Media lessons Exam in January

TechniquesHypodermic needle

Viewers take in information without decision.

Gratifications

Advantage Disadvantage

● Qualified people in control.

● Treats you all the same.

Uses & Gratifications modelThe theory that suggests that audiences are

active and use media texts in order to fulfil

pleasures and basic needs.

Sectors● Moving image- tv commercial, movie download● Audio- podcast or movie sound track● Publishing- e-magazine● Games- apps● Websites- facebook, instagram

Stylistic codesConnotation- What something connotes for example; red connotes anger or love.

Denotation- Say what you see eg; I see a sock monkey with black button eyes with a zip down it’s tummy.

Ideology- A way of thinking

Used to give a certain message to the target audience.

Digital or analogue?Downloading a

film

JPEG

DAB radio

FM radio

Tape

CD and CD player

Magazine Book

E- book

How to remember! Digital; Made up of 010101 codes.

Analogue; Information stored physically, if you can break it it is analogue.

Advantages and Disadvantages of conducting audience research

Advantages Disadvantages

Can be used to create an audience profile. Biased questions and answers

Finding out the likes and dislikes effectively People may say something to impress the interviewer

Quantitative data is cost efficient for example; surveys and questionnaires.

Responses open to interpretation- people may take the questions to mean diff things.

Large amount of people, large amount of data quickly

Time consuming sometimes (qualitative)

Governing bodiesBBFC; British Board of film classification

PEGI; pan european gaming information

ASA; governing body of adverts

Research methodsQualitative;

● open questions● focus groups● interviews

Quantitative;

● closed questions● answers can be put in graphical data.● questionnaires● surveys

VS

Interpreting data Qualitative; open questions

Eg; Focus groups

Good for in- depth understanding of what audiences want

Bad for statistics and large groups of people

Quantitative; Number based,

Eg; questionnaires,

Good for putting results into graphs and tables

Bad for results getting out of date

Multimedia technology and ConsumptionAccess; being able to get things.

Connectivity;Connecting to people around the world

Convenience; How easy it is to use

Advantage; You can get information at any time

Disadvantage; If it goes down most things won’t work.

Advantage; Constant online activity

Disadvantage; No escape, dangerous for children

Advantage; Easy and quick

Disadvantage; Overly reliant, damages social skills

Continued...Immediacy; Done straightaway.

Portability;ease of transportation

Advantage; Quick and easy

Disadvantage; Loss of independence, No escape

Advantage; Fits into a pocket or bag for example

Disadvantage; Theft- all content accessible, if lost everything is lost (photos)

Technological ConvergenceA device can be used from something other than its primary functionAdvantage; loads of things to do.Disadvantage; To many things going on, too confusing.

● internet-moving image, publishing● torch● maps● call● text-audio● radio● apps- games● time● music-streaming● photos-moving image● compass● games-apps● alarms● weather● notes

Active and Passive viewingActive: An audience/consumer/viewer that fully interacts physically with a media

product, contributes to (user generated content) and becomes part of the

production while having an element of control over how they interact with it.

Passive: An audience/consumer/viewer that does not fully interact physically with

the product or its associated content, nor do they generate content or influence

production in any way.

Types of shots● Extreme close up- creates tension ● Close up- emotional connection● Medium shots- actor in dialogue● Long shot- full body length● Medium long shot- ¾ of the actors body in shot● Overhead shot- Bird’s eye view● Over the shoulder shot- addresses audience directly, straight on shot● Low shot- Figure seems powerful and big ● High shot- figure seems weak and small● Panning-moves sideways● Tilt- Sense of height● Tracking- car chases etc.● Speed of camera- Eg slow mo/ fast mo● Handheld- more realistic, less professional● Crane mounted- swooping/ flight like motion

Answering the longer question● Start at the back of the paper.● Make a range of points.● Don’t waffle…● Give examples in depth and detail● Study stylistic codes.● Consider advantages and disadvantages.

Ask yourself this when analysing ◼ What? (product)◼ What actually is it you are being asked to design?◼ Where (platform)◼ This seems less important, but the ‘emagazine’ might lead you to include certain

elements not available to print products◼ Who? (target audience)◼ It doesn’t specify gender, so you might consider multiple options◼ Why? (purpose)◼ Rebellion and freedom are keywords here◼ How? (media language)◼ Revision area: mise en scene

The term ‘representation’ means how places, people, ideas or events are

portrayed to audiences in media texts.

‘Stereotype’ means a person/character or group of people that demonstrates

typical traits associated with a particular social group, or that is typical of a

particular genre in terms of conventions which are continuously repeated and

used within the media.