crime scene processing
DESCRIPTION
CRIME SCENE PROCESSING. Forensics 352 – O’Dette. The Crime. What are the top reasons for committing a crime? Money Revenge Emotion – love, hate, anger. POST – Crime Scene Investigation. P rotect the Scene O bserve (notes/photo/sketch) S earch & Secure (evidence) T ake (evidence). - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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CRIME SCENE PROCESSING
Forensics 352 – O’Dette
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What are the top reasons for committing a crime?• Money• Revenge • Emotion – love, hate, anger
The Crime
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1. Protect the Scene2. Observe (notes/photo/sketch)3. Search & Secure (evidence)4. Take (evidence)
POST – Crime Scene Investigation
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Crime Scene Team• Team Members:
First Police Officer on the sceneLead InvestigatorField Evidence Technicians
PhotographerEvidence Recorder/Collector
Medical Examiner & Medics (if necessary)Lab Experts
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Protect the Scene• Duties of 1st Responding Officer
1. Check safety of scene (control threats)2. Tend to the injured3. Separate witnesses and suspects4. Secure the scene• Barricade boundaries• Exclude unauthorized personnel
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Observe the Scene• Initial Walk Through – performed by lead
investigator & field evidence technicians
– establish safe route through scene, no disturbance to evidence!!!!
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Documentation1. Notes
The following should be included in notes:-Date -Location of crime-Time -Weather conditions-Description of crime -Location of evidence-Names of all people involved – Points of entry/exit-Type of Scene
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Documentation2. Photography• Each photo must be
numbered and written down in a photo log
• No person should be in any photo except a dead body (or bodies)
• Place evidence numbers to mark the location of evidence
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Documentation2. Photography• Photos should include:– Overall view of scene• At various angles• Include near by areas
– Evidence• Start with general photos and get more
detailed• Include rulers for scale (if size is significant)
• Videography can also be used with narration.
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Photography
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Documentation
3. Sketches• Done after photos are taken• Used to supplement photos• Rough Sketch – drawn at the crime scene– contains an accurate depiction of the
dimensions of the scene • Finished Sketch – precise rendering of the crime scene – drawn to scale
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DocumentationMeasurement Method – Baseline 1. Choose a reference point and line2. Locate items based on their distance and
compass direction in relation to reference3. Record distances in a measurement reference
table
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Documentation3. Sketches (continued)Rough Sketches MUST include:• Dimensions of rooms, furniture, doors, &
windows• Evidence• Date, time, location, sketchers name,
case number• Show a compass heading designating
north a top of sketch
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Rough Sketch
Hand drawn with notes.
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Documentation3. Sketches (continued)Final Sketches MUST include:• All features listed for rough sketch• Legend–Assign each item a number or letter and list
it in the legend.• Scale
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Final SketchComputer-aided drafting (CAD) is often used.
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Search & Secure Evidence• Grid method—basically a double-line
search (effective, but time-consuming).• Line or strip method—best in large,
outdoor scenes.• Zone method—most effective in
houses or buildings (teams are assigned small zones for searching).
• Spiral method—may move inward or outward (best used where there are no physical barriers).
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Systematic Search Methods
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Taking Evidence
• Only one individual should be the evidence collector.
• Each item must be placed in a separate container, sealed, and labeled with date of collection + location of evidence.
• Most fragile is collected and packaged first.• If evidence is lodged in a larger structure, part of
that structure should be removed with the evidence.
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Taking Evidence
• Items should be placed inside containers such as paper bags, plastic bags, canisters, packets and envelopes depending on the type and size of the evidence.
*Everything must be properly logged!!!
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Taking Evidence• Chain of Custody = A written record of all
people who have had possession of an item of evidence.• The collector’s initials should be placed on the
seal.• If evidence is turned over to another person, the
transfer must be recorded.
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Medical Examiner vs Coroner
• A medical examiner is a medical doctor, usually a pathologist and is appointed by the governing body of the area. There are 400 forensic pathologists throughout the U.S.
• A coroner is an elected official who usually has no special medical training. In four states, the coroner is a medical doctor.
Cyril Wecht
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Autopsy• The medical examiner carefully
examines the victim to– Identify the deceased– Establish the time and date of
death– Determine a cause of death– Classify the manner of death
(Natural, Accidental, Suicide, Homicide, Undetermined)
– Notify the next of kin