Criminal Investigation Unit 1 Lecture Criminal Investigation:A Method for Reconstructing the Past 5th edition
By James W. Osterburg and Richard H. Ward Copyright 2007 Matthew Bender & Company, Inc., a member of the LexisNexis Group Newark, NJ Administrative Issues
How do I access my Text? How do I Access my Text? 1 2 3 4 Doc Sharing- Your Text Doc Sharing Doc Sharing- Your Syllabus Doc Sharing- Seminar PowerPoints Doc Sharing- Seminar Make-Up Assignments Administrative Issues
How do I access my Text? How do I do well in the seminars? How do I do Well in the Seminars?
Read your Chapters prior to the Seminar Arrive 10 minutes early Dedicate the hour to the Seminar Have your text and notes in front of you Ask Questions Respond to Instructor Questions Additional Suggestions? READ Read Read Read Read Read Read Read Read Administrative Issues
How do I access my Text? How do I do well in the seminars? When are my assignments due? When are my Assignments Due?
Easter Time (ET) is the standard at Kaplan.All times mentioned are Eastern time The academic week starts on Wednesday at 1 second after Midnight and ends at Midnight on the following Tuesday All assignments are due by the end of the academic week in which the unit falls; therefore, assignments are due on Tuesday by Midnight If your assignment is going to be late, contact the instructor Administrative Issues
How do I access my Text? How do I do well in the seminars? When are my assignments due? How do I contact my instructor if I need help? How do I contact my instructor if I need help?
- Office hours Thursday, 8:00 P.M. - 9:00 P.M. ET - (AIM) Sunday, 9:00 P.M. 10:00 P.M. ET - (AIM) AIM when you see me online Other times as arranged Virtual Office in Course Platform Administrative Issues
How do I access my Text? How do I do well in the seminars? When are my assignments due? How do I contact my instructor if I need help? How do I use the Writing Center? Accessing the Writing Center READ Read Read Read Read Read Read Read Read Administrative Issues
Are there any additional questions? Are you confident that you know how to do well in this course? How many of you have read you syllabus? Survey Read Record Review
Effective Reading How to effectively and efficiently read your textbook Survey Read Record Review Survey Before you begin reading a chapter, survey the chapter as a whole. The idea is to get an overview of the materials and to see how the chapter is organized. If you look over the main ideas and structure you will be better able to comprehend the materials. Examine the title of the chapter, the headings and the subheadings. Preview the learning objectives and the overview at the beginning of the chapter. Look over the figures, tables, charts, and the definitions of key words that are printed in the margins. Finally look over the summary and review at the end of the chapter. After doing this, you will have a good idea of the overall content and structure of the chapter. Read Actively Read Read through the chapter thoroughly.
Keep the learning objectives at the beginning of the chapter in mind when you are reading and try to answer the questions. (This will help you focus your attention on the content of the chapter.) If you read actively you will be more involved in the materials which will increase your understanding and retention of the material. Continue to look for answers to questions when you are reading. Some of the headings in the text are framed as questions; try to find the answers to these questions as you read. You can also turn headings into questions for you to answer. For example, if the heading is Planning, ask yourself what is planning; then look for the answer as you read the section. Record Make records of the material in the chapter.
You can highlight, underline, make notes in the margins of the textbook, or make separate notes. Look for the main points when you highlight or take notes. This will bring another dimension to your reading and keep the learning process active. Try to make the most important points stand out. This will help you remember the information. Review Read over your notes or highlighted information.
Reviewing is important for retention of the material. Recite (aloud or to yourself) the highlights of what you have read. Ask yourself questions, using questions from the book or your own. Answer questions in your own words. You should review right after completing each assignment and periodically to help you retain the information. The Investigator Responsibilities and Attributes; Origins and Trends
Chapter 1 The Investigator Responsibilities and Attributes; Origins and Trends Osterburg & Ward, 2007 Responsibilities of the Investigator
Determine whether a crime has been committed Verify jurisdiction Discover all facts, collect physical evidence, and follow up on clues Recover stolen property Identify the perpetrator or eliminate a suspect Locate and apprehend the perpetrator Aid the prosecution by providing evidenceof guilt that is admissible in court Testify effectively as a witness in court Osterburg & Ward, 2007 The Development of Investigative Methods
Wickersham Commission (the third degree) Hans Gross (father of forensic investigation) Francis Galton (fingerprint science) Paul Uhlenhuth (precipitin tests for blood species) Calvin Goddard (comparison microscope) Edmond Locard (first police laboratory, France) Paul Kirk (criminalistics) Osterburg & Ward, 2007 Physical Evidence: Development, Interpretation, Investigative Value
Chapter 2 Physical Evidence: Development, Interpretation, Investigative Value Osterburg & Ward, 2007 Criminalistics Disciplines
Wet chemistry Instrumental chemistry Firearms and toolmarks Questioned documents Fingerprints Photography Lie detection Voice spectroscopy Osterburg & Ward, 2007 Identification vs. Identity
The classification process by which an entity is placed in a pre-defined, limited, or restricted class Identity Established when the physical evidence is linked to the suspect Osterburg & Ward, 2007 Role of the Crime Laboratory
Help establish elements of a crime Link the crime scene or victim to the perpetrator (associative evidence) Reconstruct how the crime was committed Induce an admission or confession Protect the innocent Provide expert testimony in court Osterburg & Ward, 2007 Clue Materials as Information Sources
Fingerprints Firearms Blood Semen, other biological material (DNA profiling) Document examinations Glass Trace evidence Osterburg & Ward, 2007 Reconstructing the Past: Methods, Evidence, Examples
Chapter 13 Reconstructing the Past: Methods, Evidence, Examples Osterburg & Ward, 2007 Sources of Information
People Physical Evidence Records Osterburg & Ward, 2007 Definitions INDUCTION DEDUCTION CLASSIFICATION specific > general
a posteriori reasoning DEDUCTION general > specific a priori reasoning CLASSIFICATION systematic arrangement of objects into categories based on shared characteristics Osterburg & Ward, 2007 Definitions SYNTHESIS ANALYSIS HYPOTHESIS THEORY
the combining of separate parts or elements ANALYSIS separating a whole into parts for individual study HYPOTHESIS an assertion that tentatively accountsfor a set of facts THEORY a somewhat verified hypothesis, with assumptions chosen to fit empirical knowledge Osterburg & Ward, 2007 The Scientific Method State the problem Form the hypothesis
Collect data by observingand experimenting Interpret data as a test of the hypothesis If data support hypothesis so far,collect additional data Draw conclusions Osterburg & Ward, 2007 Criminal Investigation Unit 1 Lecture