cs 316 - concepts of programming languages misc topics

CS 316 - Concepts of Programming Languages

Misc Topics

Spring 2002 UCCS CS316 Concepts of Programming Languages

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Using Language

• Create the artifact - source code• Translate the artifact - object code• Use the Translation - run the program

This model has many variations...


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C++

.cppFile

Compiler Linker

.objFile

.exeFile


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Basic

.basFile

Interpreter


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HTML

.htmlFile

Browser


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Java

.javaFile

CompilerBytecodeInterpreter

.bytecodeFile


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It’s not always clean...

.cFile

Compiler Linker

.objFile

.exeFile

Assembler

.asmFile


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If Languages were Cars

• Assembler– A Formula I race car. Vary fast but difficult to drive

and expensive to maintain

• FORTRAN II– A Model T Ford. Once it was king of the road

• FORTRAN IV– A Model A Ford.

• FORTRAN 77– A six-cylinder Ford Fairlane with standard

transmission and no seat belts.


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• COBOL– A delivery van. It's bulky and ugly, but gets the job

done.

• BASIC– A second-hand Rambler with a rebuilt engine and

patched upholstery. Your dad bought it for you to learn to drive. You'll ditch it as soon as you can afford a new car.


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• PL/I– A Cadillac convertible with automatic transmission,

a two-tone paint job, white-wall tires, chrome exhaust pipes and fuzzy dice hanging from the rearview mirror.

• C– A black Firebird, the all-macho car. Optional seat

belts (lint) and optional fuzz buster (escape to assembler).


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• ALGOL 60– An Austin Mini. Boy, that's a small car.

• Pascal– A Volkswagen Beetle. Small but sturdy. Once

popular with intellectuals.

• LISP– An electric car. Simple but slow. Seat belts not

available.


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• APL– A double-decker bus. It takes rows and columns of

passengers to the same place all at the same time. But, it drives only in reverse gear and is instrumented in Greek.

• Ada– An army-green Mercedes Benz staff car. Power

steering, power brakes, automatic transmission. No other colors or options available. If it's good enough for the generals, it's good enough for you.


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Language Parenting

• C treats you like a consenting adult• Pascal treats you like a naughty child• Ada treats you like a criminal

Bruce Powel Douglass

Real-time UML, AW 1998


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Language Summary?

• Grand schemes and commercial failures have left persistent legacies:– ALGOL, PL/I, Ada

• Less original projects have produced commercial successes:– FORTRAN, C, C++, BASIC

• Small, enduring languages based on a single concept:– LISP, SmallTalk

• All-encompassing projects; everything for everybody:– PL/I, Ada, (C++)

cs 316 - concepts of programming languages misc topics

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