Communication is a skill that you can learn. It is like riding a bicycle or typing. If youre willing to work at it, you can rapidly improve the quality of every part of your life.~ Brian Tracy*https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/

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What is communication?A transactional process that involves exchange of ideas, information, feelings, attitudes, beliefs and impressions.Or simply put:Communication is the expression of an idea through verbal, visual (non-verbal) vocal means. These 3 vs must act in tandem.*https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/

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Types of Communication:Personal or intra-personal communicationInterpersonal communicationOrganizational communicationMass communicationSocial communicationTransformational communicationCorporate communicationGroup communication*https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/

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Intrapersonal Communication:The individual communicates in his/her mind through the process of thinking and feeling.This is how the person establishes an understanding of the information.The person develops their convictions through this thought process. *https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/

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2. Interpersonal Communication:Involves interaction between 2 persons, or a small group.The advantage of a small group is that people open up and tend to reveal what is on their mind.Organizations benefit from such communication in terms of employee mentoring, customer feedback.*https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/

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3. Organizational Communication:It is the core of a successfully governed organization.Without a climate of positive communication organizations are likely to underperform or fail.Communication takes place constantly in an organization.From the board room to team briefings to shop floor instructions information is passed on to the people that execute the critical functions of an organization.*https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/

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4. Mass Communication:It is for disseminating news about the organization to the stakeholders and to the public.Through newsletters, annual reports, press releases, interviews to the media the organization passes on information about changes in policies, new projects, mergers etc.*https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/

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5. Social Communication:Occurs when people interact with one another in groups outside the organization, converse, share ideas in social gatherings.Social communication demands that people know the social skills of greeting one another, interacting with one another.Business deals all too often happen in social settings.*https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/

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6. Transformational Communication:Goes beyond transactional or interpersonal communication.The sender conscientiously builds a larger frame of reference for a healthy understanding to develop.This is also known as supportive communication. Counselors, teachers, H.R. managers practice transformational communication.The important elements of transformational communication are thinking, sensing, feeling, intuiting*https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/

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7. Corporate Communication:This is how a company communicates with its employees, dealers, stakeholders, customers.Various departments like advertizing, public relations, sales and marketing, finance, business promotion, production and human resource play a key role.

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8. Group Communication:Group discussions face to face, facilitate this type of communication.A successful group meeting allows each member to interact in a climate of open exchange of thoughts.The spirit of a good group lies in its respect for shared values and beliefs.*https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/

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The Process of Communication:The senderThe sender has an ideaThe sender encodes the idea into a messageThe message travels through a channelNoise in the transmission processThe receiver gets the messageThe receiver decodes the messageThe receiver provides the feedbackThe frame of reference of the sender and the receiverThe context of the receiver*https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/

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Communication Networks in an Organization:They are primarily of two types:Formal Network of CommunicationInformal Network of Communication*https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/

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Formal Network:This is the chain-of-command as laid down by the management.Modern day organizations encourage a lot of open communications.Open communication helps the people at the top to know what is happening in the trenches.Still most organizations have a certain hierarchical chart that encourages employees to follow its flow.*https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/

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The organizational chart of a company will show that information mainly flows in 3 directions:DownwardUpwardHorizontal*https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/

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Downward Flow:Superiors send information to their subordinates.It is aimed at impressing the organizations mission and vision upon the subordinates.The superiors can also provide feedback for correction of errors so that subordinates can work with a clearer sense of responsibility and commitment.*https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/

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The barriers to downward communication are:Long line of communication between the CEO and the lowest level of employees.Superiors perception of subordinates and vice versaElement of mistrustLack of contact with the superiorG.E. has launched a program that allows managers to directly communicate with the employees through intranet, video conferencing etc.*https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/

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Upward Communication:Information sent by subordinates to their superiors.Usually they are problems, status updates, unsolved problems, approvals for implementation of a business practice, etc.

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The barriers to upward communication are:People may distort information to hide their incompetence, get bonuses, or just impress the boss for promotion.Mistrust of upper echelons by subordinates.Waiting for the right time to break the bad news.*https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/

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Horizontal Communications:Communication between employees at the same organizational level.Interdepartmental communications e.g. between marketing and production, accounting and sales etc.Employees may enjoy the congenial environment since there is no boss.https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/*

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The barriers to horizontal communications are:Existence of professional rivalry.Absence of authority makes the process ineffectiveAchievers may assume that they are the superiorsInformation sharing may not existIn a nutshell ego, prejudice, turf wars, territoriality, jealousy, rivalry and a superior attitudehttps://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/*

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Informal Communication Network:They have inherent problems of command and control.Also know as grapevine it is a network of who talks to whom.Generally, grapevines are linked with gossip and rumors.Grapevines exist because this information that is unavailable through official channels is powerful.Organizations that control the grapevine prevent rumors and misinformation from creating chaos.https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/*

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Homework:What are some the drawbacks of the grapevine or informal network?What are the ISEP & ISEC models?https://sites.google.com/site/hvimcost/*

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