cseb presentation 2nd march 2011 compressed

TGA Techno Green Associates

Introduction of working group Existing brick production – impacts CSEB – the basics Economics and time frame Field challenges Summing up: benefits and disadvantages Follow up – Working Group – Contacts

Compressed (& stabilised) Earth Blocks – a viable alternative ?

Presentation to Peers – early recovery working group: Housing

Islamabad, March, 2011

TGA Techno Green Associates2

Overview of Brick Sector


Total Kilns: 10,000

Producing: 52 billionBricks per year

Traditional Brick Kilns

Baluchistan: 500 KPK: 1500 Punjab: 5000Sindh: 3000

Quantity and location of Brick Kilns


Economic Implications


Deforestation

• Approx 100 trees per year per kiln• Total 1 million trees per year (all kilns) • Equal to 15 years growth if re-planted

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Environmental Impact


Local and Global Emissions

Dioxins : 425.88 nanogramme / brick

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CO2 Emissions : 37.4 million Tonnes

Equal to:• 40m Pakistanis CO2 / year• 9 million cars CO2 / year


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Social Impact

Child Labour

Bonded Labour


•Bricks Needed for One House: 5500•Total Bricks Required: 550 million• Total Kilns Required: 106 kilns for one year

Environmental Impacto Top Soil Depletion: 106 Acres ; 3 ft deep top soil

o Deforestation: 50,770 Acres w/o trees for 10 Yrso CO2 Emissions: 316,470 tons of CO2• Carbon Credits Admissible: USD $ 4.75 million• REDD Plus Credits: In addition

o Dioxin: 234 gmsFinancial Impact : PKRs.2750 million ($32m)

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Impact Assessment: 100,000 One Room Shelters


1.9 million Houses

TIME

SKILLEDLABOUR

MATERIALS

FUNDS

A GREEN ALTERNATE TO FIRED CLAY BRICKSCOMPRESSED STABILIZED EARTH BLOCKS (CSEB)


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• Low environmental impact • Low cost & local production • Robust structures (DRR compliant) • Community based, owner driven • Decades of experience globally• Enhanced Thermal Mass

Compressed & Stabilised Earth Block Technology


Sandy soil being mixed with 5% - 7% cement

Clayey soil being mixed with 7% - 10% Lime

Basic Production Principles


Type of Press Cost of Press (Rs) Local Production Potential

Time of Manufacturing

Normal Press 50,000 Yes 10-15 days

Interlocking Press 60,000 Yes 10-15 days

Local Production of CSEB Machines


Type of SCEB Sizes of SCEBNo. of SCEB / house*

Daily output / machine

No. of Labour / machine

Compressive Strength

Standard Block 12” x 6” x 6” 2100 225 2 550 psi

Interlocking 12” x 8” x 6” 1550 190 2 550 psi

CSEB Production capacity per day


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(Non Compressed) Stabilized Earth Blocks (SEBs)


Training and Awareness


Two Model Houses with CSEB in KPK

Union Council Uthmanzai; Charsadda Union Council Omerzai; Charsadda


Practical implementation in Sindh – 50 villages in Jacobabad and Kashmore

5000 shelters Hand-pumps

DRR in 50 communities

Kitchen gardens and tree planting


Opportunities and challenges in the field

Positive outcomes

- Building on indigenous methods

- Local business stimulation

- Ownership in reconstruction

- Logistics and supply

Potential challenges

- Community acceptance

- Local brick industries

- Training

NEXT STEP - PILOTS


International Experiences

The Inter America Housing Centre Colombia The CINVA Ram


Auroville IndiaFlood test: “20 years underwater”


Pros and Cons

Benefits

• Environmental • Social • Economic • Logistics

Possible Disadvantages

• Access to Soil • Soil Quality • Landlords (?) • Machine ownership• Quality Control


Donor Perspective

Limited Budgets Tight time-frames Environment “Do No Harm” ? Global CO2 emissions Future disaster-proof (DRR) Livelihood opportunities


Follow up & More Info

Technical working group possible Online wiki-site under development Focal Point:

Tahir Dar Tel: 0333 515 9090

Email: [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]