CST STUDIO SUITE 2014

CST MICROWAVE STUDIO | CST EM STUDIOCST PARTICLE STUDIO | CST CABLE STUDIO | CST PCB STUDIO

CST MPHYSICS STUDIO | CST DESIGN STUDIO

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The CST STUDIO SUITE graphical user interface displaying a 3D EM simulation of a microwave oven. The absolute value of the electric field is shown in three planes.

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Why Choose CST STUDIO SUITE?

CST STUDIO SUITE® is a package of tools for designing, simulating and optimizing

electromagnetic systems, and is used in leading technology and engineering companies

around the world. The three pillars of CST’s products are accuracy, speed and usability.

AccuracyProven solver technology forms the basis of each module in CST STUDIO SUITE, the culmination of years of research and development into accurate and effi cient computational simulation techniques. CST is also continually developing andrefi ning modeling and meshing techno-logies to allow the simulation to repre-sent the real world better. To learn more, see page 5.

SpeedSpeed and accuracy go hand in hand. Whether the problem is electrically large or small, broadband or resonant, the range of solvers in CST STUDIO SUITE allows problems varying from the simple to the complex to be simulated effi ciently. High-performance computing (HPC) and optimization can extend the capabilities of the solvers even further. To learn more, see page 9.

UsabilityCST invests considerable development time into tools to improve the user experience. These include the workfl ow-oriented ribbon GUI, import and export tools for numerous design fl ows, and System Assembly and Modeling (SAM). SAM allows complex systems or workfl ows to be broken down into simpler parts to be simulated automatically. To learn more, see page 13.

By keeping these three concepts at its core, CST STUDIO SUITE has become widely used by engineers, designers and researchers working in many fi elds, including microwaves & RF, optical devices, electronics, electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), particle dynamics and low frequency design. To learn about some of the applications that CST STUDIO SUITE has been used to simulate, see page 16.

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ACCURACY

E-fi eld inside an accelerator cavity at resonance: eigenmode solver. Steady-state temperature distribution: stationary thermal solver.

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CST MICROWAVE STUDIO has been invaluable in expanding our design capabilities at TEP,

giving us a competitive advantage over our peers and closing the gap between us

and the big players in the test and measurement industries.

Morgan Roddy, Test Equipment Plus, Inc.

Read Test Equipment Plus’s success story at

www.cst.com/TEP

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Agreement between measured and simulated S-parameters for a microstrip fi lter.

Courtesy of Test Equipment Plus, Inc.

Complete Technology

To ensure that CST remains at the cutting edge of simulation technology, its solvers are under continuous development, and represent decades of research into accurate and effi cient com-putational techniques. This accuracy has allowed customers working in a wide range of fi elds who use CST STUDIO SUITE to construct virtual prototypes that mimic the behavior of the real device, saving time and money in the design cycle.

The solver types available include general-purpose time domain and frequency domain solvers for both high frequency and low frequency problems, along with a full-wave integral equation solver, eigenmode and asymptotic solvers, a self-consistent

particle-in-cell (PIC) code, static and multiphysics solvers, and many more specialized solvers. These solvers offer an accurate, versatile approach to tackling many applications.

For some applications, multiple simulation methods can be employed on the same model. CST’s Complete Technology ap-proach makes it possible to verify a simulation by comparing the results from several different solvers within a single inter-face. Cross-checking the simulation in this way improves con-fi dence in the accuracy of the simulation and helps engineers identify modeling or measurement errors.

Lorentz forces: post-processing. Expansion and deformation of the cavity: structural mechanics solver

(exaggerated plot).

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MeasurementSimulation

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Powerful Modeling Tools

An accurate simulation requires an accurate model. This means that the model has to represent the real-world object and capture the full range of electromagnetic phenomena that can affect it. CST STUDIO SUITE includes a powerful modeling environment and CAD import tools to help the user build up a useful, representative model of the system.

There are many fields, such as magnetics and photonics, where the characteristic electromagnetic effects only come about as a result of non-linear materials used in the devices. CST STUDIO SUITE includes numerous material types to allow a vast array of phenomena to be simulated, including plasmonic and photonic effects, ferromagnetism, secondary electron emis-sion and biological heating.

True transient EM/circuit co-simulation adds the ability to in-corporate non-linear components such as diodes and transis-tors into a 3D model. The broadband nature of the transient simulation means that multiple harmonics are automatically taken into account.

Measured data can also be imported into CST STUDIO SUITE – for example, the nearfield of an antenna or the S-parameters of a semiconductor device. These can be integrated into the model to improve its representation of the physical system.

Material types in CST STUDIO SUITE include: ó Dielectrics ó Lossy metals ó Anisotropic materials ó Time-dependent materials ó Temperature-dependent materials ó Dispersive materials

ó Drude model

ó Debye model

ó Lorentz model

ó Electric and magnetic gyrotropic

ó Non-linear materials ó Second and third order non-linear

ó Kerr model

ó Raman model

ó Non-linear magnetic

ó Coated materials ó Layered thin panel materials ó Surface impedance materials ó Secondary electron emission surfaces

ó Furman model

ó Vaughan model

ó Non-linear thermal and bio-heat materials

The idler wave in a photonic amplifier, which

operates due to third-order non-linear effects.

True transient EM/circuit co-simulation allows non-linear circuit elements to be included in this UWB balanced amplifier model.

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Robust, Accurate Meshing

Various meshing strategies for a

simple sphere: staircase, tetrahedral

linear, tetrahedral curved, and CST’s

proprietary technology PBA.

Numerical simulation discretizes the structure onto a mesh. Each additional cell in-creases the computational requirements of the simulation, which means that it is ad-vantageous if the mesh accurately describes the model while using as few mesh cells as possible. CST STUDIO SUITE includes hexahedral, tetrahedral and surface meshes, with different approaches suitable for different situations.

To improve the accuracy of the hexahedral mesh without affecting performance, CST STUDIO SUITE uses the PERFECT BOUNDARY APPROXIMATION® (PBA) in its transient solver. PBA retains the speed advantages associated with a conventional staircase mesh, but allows curved structure to be modeled accurately without requir-ing the use of an extremely dense mesh.

The tetrahedral mesh can take advantage of curved elements in both high and low frequency simulations. In addition, the mesh refi nement algorithms of the frequency domain solvers make use of of CST’s True Geometry Adaptation. This projects the refi ned mesh back onto the original model, smoothing out the initial, faceted mesh and allowing greater accuracy in the simulation.

Coaxial waveguide after traditional mesh adaption approaches (left and middle)

and True Geometry Adaptation (right).

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SPEEDSP

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Crosstalk on a

high-speed PCB and package.

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The Right Solver for the Job

RCS of a ship at 16.8 GHz, calculated with the

asymptotic solver. At this frequency, the ship is

nearly 10,000 wavelengths long.

Simulation performance is the combination of speed and accuracy that allows the user to get useful results quickly. A solver which works effi ciently on one type of model may be a poor choice for a different one. This is why CST STUDIO SUITE includes a wide range of differ-ent solvers. With Complete Technology, there are tools for applications at frequencies ranging from statics up to optics, and from the nanoscale to the electrical-ly very large.

For example, the integral equation solverand the asymptotic solver are ideallysuited to problems such as antennaplacement and radar cross-section (RCS), where the structures of interest can be hundreds or thousands of wavelengths long. Small, resonant structures on the other hand can be simulated much more effi ciently using the eigenmode solver or the fast resonant frequen-cy domain solver, which are designed for models such as fi lters and accelera-tor cavities.

Many systems contain multiple compo-nents, each of which is best suited to a dif-ferent solver. In these cases, System Assembly and Modeling (SAM) can be used to break the device down into multiple smaller models. Each one can then be simulated with a suitable solver, with the fi elds from each stage of the calculation being transferred automatically into the next.

CST MICROWAVE STUDIO is our daily work-horse for fast and accurate EM

simulation of passive microwave components. It lays a solid foundation from

which Spinner provides high performance RF technology worldwide.

Dr. Martin Lorenz, Spinner GmbH

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High Performance and Cloud Computing

CST offers a multitude of hardware-based simulation acceler-ation options, such as multithreading, GPU computing, MPI cluster computing and distributed computing. These can be used to improve the computational performance of a com-puter, or to divide the workload between multiple nodes in a network or cluster. These high-performance computing (HPC) methods are available for almost every type of application and hardware confi guration, ranging from individual worksta-tions to enterprise-level clusters.

In order to help make the most of investments and make it easier to choose the most effective acceleration solution for a given simulation model, CST uses an acceleration token licensing scheme. This enables greater versatility in accessing and combining high-performance computing options, allowing acceleration methods to be mixed and matched.

For small businesses with big requirements, CST STUDIO SUITE can also be run in the cloud. With cloud computing, models can be transferred securely over the internet to the HPC computing provider and the calculations carried out using their hardware. This means that users who occasionally have very demanding simulations to run can access HPC without the cost of installing and maintaining dedicated hardware.

Because high-performance hardware represents a signifi cant investment, our hardware experts are available to advise userswho are considering purchasing or upgrading HPC systems, and review hardware confi gurations in order to provide feed-back and suggestions. CST offers also benchmarking services, in collaboration with vendor test centers, to help ensure that the chosen hardware confi guration offers excellent perfor-mance for CST STUDIO SUITE.

Some of the HPC combinations available in CST STUDIO SUITE. All of these can be

accessed with both on-site hardware and through cloud computing. Different solvers

support different HPC techniques.

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GPU computing has allowed us to perform some complex

simulations that were previously impractical.

Matt Fuller, Selex ES

Find out more about CST’s HPC capabilities at

www.cst.com/HPC

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Automatic Optimization

The number of variables that affect the performance of even the simplest device can be overwhelming. Optimization auto-mates the process of tuning these variables, with the goal of fi nding a set of values that satisfy the design requirements. The built-in optimizers in all CST STUDIO SUITE modules can be used to optimize any parameter, including the geometry of the model, the properties of the materials and the waveform of the excitation.

CST STUDIO SUITE includes both local and global optimizers. Local optimizers search the parameter space close to the initial values – they offer fast performance for fi ne-tuning a nearly optimal model. Global optimizers on the other hand search the entire parameter space, and are more effi cient than local techniques for poorly tuned or complex structures.

The Trust Region Framework optimizer can take advantage of sensitivity information. This allows it to investigate the effect of small changes to the model quickly, which can offer a ma-jor speed-boost to the optimization. Sensitivity can also be used to carry out a yield analysis, which calculates the effect of manufacturing tolerances on the behavior of a device using just a single simulation.

A microstrip patch array, optimized to improve

transmission in the WLAN frequency band, before

(left) and after (right) optimization.

The step-by-step

progress of a local

optimization. With each

step, the values tend

to move away from

the maximum value

(red) and towards the

minimum (blue).

Optimizers in CST STUDIO SUITE:

Local ó Trust Region Framework ó Nelder-Mead Simplex Algorithm ó Interpolated Quasi-Newton ó Classic Powell

Global ó Genetic Algorithm ó Particle Swarm ó Covariance Matrix Adaptation Evolutionary Strategy (CMA-ES)

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Read about optimization in CST STUDIO SUITE at www.cst.com/optimization

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USABILITYThe Ribbon Interface Guides Users Through the CST STUDIO SUITE Workflow

Finally, the presentation of the results can be controlled using the features in the 2D/3D Plot Ribbon.

Users can change simulation settings, set up the mesh and start the solver from the Simulation Ribbon.

Tools for building, importing and adjusting structures are all contained within the Modeling Ribbon.

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User Friendly Interface

The project wizard contains templates for many common simulation workfl ows.

With so many features in CST STUDIO SUITE, it’s important to have the tools on hand when they’re needed. To help users fi nd their way through the simulation process, CST STUDIO SUITE includes features that set up the simulation environment for the users’ needs, outline the modeling, simulation and post-processing workfl ow and show which options are rele-vant to each step of the process.

The Ribbon graphical user interface (GUI) is an easy-to-use tab system which groups features and menus together ac-cording to their place in the simulation process, so that only the most relevant options are shown for each stage of the workfl ow. These make all the options available for each task clearly visible without cluttering the GUI when they aren’t

useful. The Ribbon is integrated into every module within CST STUDIO SUITE, providing a consistent design experience across different types of simulations.

The new project wizard in CST STUDIO SUITE allows the users to easily set up and confi gure the workspace for a simulation, with the appropriate units, boundary conditions and solver set-tings automatically chosen for the problem. The nature of the design cycle means that engineers often fi nd themselves run-ning the same sort of simulation over and over again and so custom confi gurations based on the users personal experience of the best approach to a problem can also be stored and load-ed with the wizard for a more personalized workfl ow. U

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Workflow Integration

CST consistently promotes the best-in-class approach by specializing in developing 3D EM software and providing straightforward, easy-to-use links with other best-in-class vendors to connect all available expertise. A wide range of import/export filters enable the easy exchange of geometrical data with CAD tools, and imported structures can be modified, parameterized, and used for optimization and design studies.

Special interfaces to various EDA tools and RF circuit/system simulators unite and build on the capabilities of different worlds, and the powerful VBA-based and OLE-compatible macro language allows direct communication with programs like MATLAB® and MS Excel®.

Many workflows can be complemented by specialized software tools such as Antenna Magus® for antenna synthesis, Optenni Lab™ for matching circuit optimization, EMIT for cosite analysis and Savant for simulating antenna performance on electrically large platforms. These products can interface with CST STUDIO SUITE and are sold and supported through CST channels.

The ability to import and export structural information is fundamental to fitting simulation into the design workflow. Imports from EDA tools are particularly prone to small gaps and edges which unnecessarily complicate the simulation model. To deal with these, CST STUDIO SUITE contains a sophisticated cleaning procedure as well as automatic healing. These features, combined with the robust mesher, enable effective simulation even for corrupt CAD data.

Supported Formats Include:

CAD ó ACIS SAT ó STEP ó STL ó OBJ ó NASTRAN ó IGES ó Pro/ENGINEER® ó Autodesk Inventor® ó CATIA® v4 and v5 ó SolidWorks and Solid Edge ó Parasolid ó Siemens NX™ ó Biological voxel data

EDA ó ODB++ ó Zuken CR-5000/8000 ó GDSII ó SPICE ó Touchstone ó Single and multi-layer Gerber ó Mentor Graphics® Expedition™ ó Mentor Graphics PADS® ó Mentor Graphics HyperLynx® ó Cadence® Allegro® ó Agilent ADS® ó AWR Microwave Office® ó Synopsis® Saber ó Sonnet®

Detail of an imported camcorder model. The complete device was modeled,

simulated and subsequently modified to comply with FCC Class-B.

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System Assembly and Modeling (SAM)

System Assembly and Modeling (SAM) simplifi es the manage-ment of simulation projects in CST STUDIO SUITE. A device may consist of more than one component, each of which may work best with a different solution method, or might require several linked simulation and processing stages to produce the data the user needs. SAM provides a framework for carrying out simulations and optimizations of entire systems effi ciently.

In SAM, a system is described by a schematic. In the simplest case, this is a single block representing a parameterized 3D model. The user defi nes the calculations to be carried out by setting up simulation tasks, so that the simulation tasks can be linked and data from one simulation can cascade to the next. For example, the electromagnetic analysis of a fi lter could be followed by a thermal simulation, and then a mechanical de-formation simulation, and fi nally this geometric change could be used in another electromagnetic simulation to investigate the detuning effect. All simulations and links can be defi ned easily in SAM to enable a true multiphysics workfl ow.

By adding more models to the schematic, the user can create a 3D system, using SAM to defi ne the geometric alignment of the various components. Simulation tasks can be defi ned that include single or multiple components, and the user can spec-ify which solver and high-performance computing options should be used for each part. To reduce processing time, com-ponents can also be represented simply by their S-parameter matrix or by a fi eld source in the system simulation. Combining different levels of simulation complexity helps to reduce the computational effort required to analyze a complex model accurately. If required, SAM also enables the user to create and simulate the system in full 3D.

The various elements of a refl ector antenna are each best solved by different

simulation methods: the orthomode transducer by the frequency domain solver,

the horn antenna by the time domain solver, and the refl ector dish by the

integral equation solver.

With SAM, the components can be linked together to allow

a fast, accurate simulation of the entire system.

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EMC / EMI

Microwaves & RF / Optical ED

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APPLICATIONS

CST STUDIO SUITE is used in industry and academia across a wide range of fi elds and application areas, to simulate everything from consumer devices, to nanoscale structures, to the human body. The most common applications can be divided into the fi ve fi elds shown above. For each fi eld, CST STUDIO SUITE contains tools for designing, simulating and optimizing devices and systems.

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Microwaves & RF / Optical

The simulation of high frequency electromagnetic fi elds, rang-ing from RF up to optical frequencies, is one of CST’s core com-petencies. The array of microwave & RF and optical systems to which CST STUDIO SUITE has been applied is massive, and in-cludes the design of antennas, fi lters, connectors, power split-ters, microwave ovens, medical devices, metamaterials, optical components and photonic crystals.

The fi elds around electrically large structures such as ships, aircraft and buildings can be simulated effectively at RF and microwave frequencies, and in very complex structures such as the human body. CST STUDIO SUITE can also be used to analyze the properties of a device – for example,

radar cross-section (RCS), scattering or specifi c absorption rate (SAR) – and to aid tasks such as antenna placement, fi lter tun-ing and MRI coil tuning.

There are several versatile full-wave 3D solvers available in CST STUDIO SUITE, including the time domain, frequencydomain and integral equation solvers. Together with the ray-tracing asymptotic solver and multiphysics simulation for thermal and structural effects such as biological heating and the thermal detuning of fi lters, the number of high fre-quency applications that CST STUDIO SUITE is suitable for is large and ever-growing.

Flexible array for a 7 T MRI, with a human voxel model, showing B1+ fi eld distribution (left), point SAR (center) and temperature after 10 minutes (right).

Courtesy of Erwin L. Hahn Institute for MRI, Essen, Germany.

Current distribution on the metallic surface of a 155 m long ship excited by a plane wave of 400 MHz:

the relative permittivity (81) and conductivity (0.01 S/m) of salt water are considered in the simulation.

Microwaves & RF / Opticalwww.cst.com/MWRF

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EDA / Electronics

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With the high data rates, compact structure and complex layout of modern circuit boards and packages, maintaining signal integrity (SI), power integrity (PI) and electromagneticcompatibility (EMC) can be diffi cult. CST STUDIO SUITE con-tains a number of tools to help engineers design, analyze and improve PCB layouts.

The dedicated PCB simulation tools in CST STUDIO SUITE can be used to characterize the behavior of a layout quickly. These can be used to characterize effects such as voltage drop, power distribution network impedance and the transmission behavior of signal nets, and can optimize the placement of decoupling capacitors automatically. CST STUDIO SUITE also includes a rule-checking tool, CST BOARDCHECK™, for PCB layouts which can automatically detect structures that may cause SI/PI or EMC problems.

Layouts can be converted directly into a 3D model for full-wave simulation or into an equivalent circuit model for circuit simu-lation. This allows many standard test-lab measurements such as S-parameters, eye diagrams and time-domain refl ectometry (TDR) to be replicated using a virtual prototype, which can help reduce the cost and duration of the design cycle.

PCB/package co-simulation reveals the effects

of the interface between the circuit board and the device.

www.cst.com/EDA

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EMC / EMI

EMC

/ EM

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Electric fi eld from a heatsink mounted on a PC motherboard.

Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and electromagnetic in-terference (EMI) are two sides of the same coin. For EMC com-pliance, the device under test must not produce conducted or radiated emissions that can disrupt other devices, while for EMI immunity, the device must be able to withstand expectedinterference, whether from nearby devices or from environ-mental electromagnetic effects (E3) such as lightning strikes or electromagnetic pulse (EMP).

For simulating electronic devices, the full-wave solvers can be supplemented by circuit simulation in CST DESIGN STUDIO™, which is included with all CST STUDIO SUITE licenses. True transient EM/circuit co-simulation allows component models such as SPICE and IBIS fi les to be included in the 3D simulation of the device. PCB layouts can also be examined for potential EMC problems using the rule-checking tool CST BOARDCHECK.

EMC/EMI and E3 problems can arise from seemingly insignif-icant details in a complex structure – for instance, a cable, a vent or a seam. The transmission line matrix (TLM) solver is very suitable for these situations, and supports compact mod-els that can effi ciently model complex structures.

Cables can pick up fi elds emitted in one part of the structure, conduct them to another part, and then re-radiate them, causing further EMI problems. The time domain solvers can be supplemented with hybrid transient cable simulation. This allows analytical cable and cable harness models to be integrated into the 3D model.

Using CST MICROWAVE STUDIO to model

EMC and EMI performance has given us the

competitive edge with our customers, and

has enhanced their trust in our products.

Ralf Kakerow, Continental Automotive GmbH

Surface currents on an aircraft during a lightning strike,

fl owing from nose to tail.

www.cst.com/EMC

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Particle Dynamics

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CST has been used in particle accelerator facilities since its ear-liest days. CST STUDIO SUITE includes several tools for design-ing charged particle devices ranging from microwave devices such as magnetrons and electron tubes to ultrarelativistic com-ponents for particle accelerators.

For particles in static fi elds, the particle tracking solver with gun iteration can quickly calculate their trajectory through the device, making it a useful tool for electron gun design. The particle-in-cell (PIC) solver meanwhile takes into account the fi elds produced by the particles, and is suitable for devices such as magnetrons, klystrons and traveling wave tubes (TWT), as well as for multipaction analysis. GPU acceleration can be used to improve the performance of the PIC solver further.

To help with component design, the wakefi eld solver calcu-lates the fi elds around particle bunches travelling through the accelerator. These particles produce wakefi elds when passing through structures such as collimators and beam detectors, and these can disrupt the beam. For components with a very high Q factor, such as accelerator cavities, the eigenmode solver offers a quick calculation of the resonant modes of the cavity – these can then be used as the basis of a PIC simulation.

Particle trajectory inside a TWT.

The colors show the velocity modulation of the particles

An electron cascade inside a transformer gap fi lter.

Multipaction effects like this can damage devices.

Time

www.cst.com/PD

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Statics / Low Frequency

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The aims and requirements of low frequency simulation are very distinct from those of high frequency simulation. CST STUDIO SUITE includes a dedicated module for low frequency, static and quasistatic simulations.

The high voltages and large currents used in power trans-mission networks mean that devices such as transformers,switchgears and insulators need to be designed robustly to maintain reliability and safety. The low frequency solvers in CST STUDIO SUITE can calculate fi elds and current fl ows through these devices, including effects such as eddy currents. The results can then be used in a multiphysics simulation to calculate the heating effect of the currents and the possible thermal expansion of the structure.

Low frequency simulation is also useful for designing mag-netic devices. Coils and magnets can be defi ned easily, and non-linear materials such as ferromagnets are supported. CST STUDIO SUITE can calculate not only the fi elds within the device, but also the forces and torques acting on the various components. These features can be used to design motors, generators, actuators and sensors.

CST EM STUDIO is now an integral part of the development process of various power

transformer components at Siemens (Energy). This is especially a consequence of the

intuitive user-interface and the variety of available solvers.

Ronny Fritsche, Siemens AG Sector Energy T TR PN

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Electric fi eld on a three-phase load breaking switch.

Courtesy of ABB, Baden-Dätwill, Switzerland.

www.cst.com/LF

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CST

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CST STUDIO SUITE

CST DESIGN STUDIO: a versatile tool that facilitates 3D EM/circuit co-simulation and synthesis.

The modules that make up CST STUDIO SUITE are tightly integrated, giving users access to the entire range of solver technology and allowing circuit and multi physics co-simulation.

CST MICROWAVE STUDIO: our industry-leading tool for the fast and accurate simulation of high frequency devices. Applications areas include microwaves & RF, EDA/electronics and EMC/EMI.

CST EM STUDIO: for the design and analysis of static and low frequency EM applications such as motors, sensors, actuators, transformersand shielding enclosures.

CST PARTICLE STUDIO: a specialized product dedicated to the fully consistent simulation of free-moving charged particles. Applications include electron guns, traveling wave tubes, magnetrons and wakefi elds.

CST CABLE STUDIO: for signal integrity and EMC/EMI analysis of cables and cable harnesses.

CST PCB STUDIO: for the simulation of signal and power integrity effects and EMC/EMI on printed circuit boards.

CST BOARDCHECK: A rule-checking program that reads popular board fi le formats and checks the PCB design against a suite of EMC and SI rules.

CST MPHYSICS STUDIO: a multiphysics module for thermal simulations and mechanical stress analysis.

Trademarks CST, CST STUDIO SUITE, CST MICROWAVE STUDIO, CST EM STUDIO, CST PARTICLE STUDIO, CST CABLE STUDIO, CST PCB STUDIO,

CST MPHYSICS STUDIO, CST MICROSTRIPES, CST DESIGN STUDIO, CST BOARDCHECK, PERFECT BOUNDARY APPROXIMATION (PBA),

and the CST logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of CST in North America, the European Union, and other countries. Other brands

and their products are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders and should be noted as such.

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CST

CST – Computer Simulation Technology

Founded in 1992, CST offers the market’s widest range of 3D electromagnetic fi eld simulation tools through a global network of sales and support staff and represen-tatives. CST develops CST STUDIO SUITE, a package of high-performance software for the simulation of electromagnetic fi elds in all frequency bands, and also sells and supports complementary third-party products.

With both general purpose and specialized solvers available, CST’s products can be used in applications across the electromagnetic spectrum and suit many industrial workfl ows. CST’s Complete Technology approach allows its products to complement each other, thus offering greater accuracy, versatility, and usability.

CST’s customers are market leaders in industries as diverse as telecommunications, defense, automotive, electronics and healthcare. Today, the company enjoys a leading position in the high frequency 3D EM simulation market and employs 240 sales, development, and support personnel around the world.

The Foundation of CST’s Success

CST’s success is based on the combination of leading edge technology, a user- friendly interface and knowledgeable support staff.

Since the launch of CST MICROWAVE STUDIO in 1998, which introduced the PERFECT BOUNDARY APPROXIMATION (PBA), CST has been continuously developing and refining its solvers, post-processing and GUI to maintain its position as a leader in electromagnetic simulation.

CST works with partners around the world to link and integrate its products with other design and engineering tools. CST also distributes and supports several third-party products which complement customer workflows.

CST provides timely local support through its highly qualified technical support forces. Together with its committed distributors and representatives, CST supports its EM products in over 30 countries.

www.cst.com/2014

© CST 2014 | CST – Computer Simulation Technology | info@cst.com | www.cst.com