CT 1505 Recent Developments in

Networks Instructor: Dr. Najla Al-NabhanFeb, 2015

Course OverviewCourse Title: Recent Developments

in Networks Course Code: CT 1505

Course Level: Fifth Course Co-requisite: CT1505

Lecture Time: Sunday 9:00 am-

12:00 pm Credit Hours: 3(3+ 0)

Course Instructor

Name RankOffice

Number and Location

Office HoursEmail

Address

Dr. Najla Al-Nabhan

Assistant Professor

Office #: 321 2nd Flour, Bldg 1, Olishah Campus, KSU

Sunday 12-3Monday12-1

nalnabhan@KSU.EDU.SA

Course Website:

http://fac.ksu.edu.sa/nalnabhan/course/82353

Course Syllabus Aimed to impart

Facts of network technologies developments (historical background)

New and old network technologies; Recent advanced network technologies; Recent advancements indicators; Life cycle of networking standards; Future expectations; User acceptance factors to recent developments; Evaluation of recent applications.

Grading Overview Homework Assignments: 10% Quizzes: 15% Class Participation: 5% Mid-terms: 30% Final Exam: 40%

One Quiz and/or tutorial per week, schedule will be announced soon

Course Textbook and ReferencesMain Course Reference:

Lectures & Assignments (reading, videos, homework) Discussion Groups, Tutorials, Problem Solving, Debates, etc. Selected papers and book chapters.

Additional Resources: Text Book: Jim Kurose and Ross “Internetworking: A top-

down Approach” Technical reports and videos.

Lecture 1: Facts of network technologies developments

(A historical background)

Computer Networks Computer networks? A group of interconnected computers-Represent a logical Result of the evolution of two of the most important scientific and technical branches of modern civilization – Computing and Telecommunications technologies.

From Batch Processing Toward Time-Sharing

Queuing Theory

1. Centralized system based on mainframe2. Multi-terminal System 3. Time sharing

1957

The Necessity: Time and Resource Sharing“Time sharing tried to make it possible for research institutions

to use the processing power of other institutions computers when they had large calculations to do that required more power, or when someone else's facility might do the job better”

Networking History Origins of Internet are hazy, visit www.nethistory.info for interesting

reading Vint Cerf: “Internet Father “

Related Definitions and terminologies The Internet is a global system of

interconnected computer networks that use the standard Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to link several billion devices worldwide. 

Packet switching is a digital networking communications method that groups all transmitted data – regardless of content, type, or structure – into suitably sized blocks, called packets.

The Advanced Research Projects Agency Network (ARPANET) is one of the world's first packet switching networks, the first network to implement TCP/IP, and was the main progenitor of what was to become the global Internet. (later DARPA)

Related Definitions and Concepts  ARBA network was initially funded by the

Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA, later DARPA) within the U.S. Department of Defense for use by its projects at universities and research laboratories in the US.

The packet switching of the ARPANET, together with TCP/IP, would form the backbone of how the Internet works.

The ARPANET

Growth of the ARPANET (a) December 1969. (b) July 1970. (c) March 1971. (d) April 1972. (e) September 1972.

Related Definitions and Concepts The packet switching was based on concepts and

designs by: American engineer Paul Baran,  scientist Donald

Davies and Lawrence Roberts of the Lincoln Laboratory.

The TCP/IP communication protocols were developed for ARPANET by computer scientists Bob Kahn and Vint Cerf, and also incorporated some designs from Louis Pouzin.

Networking History 1961: Kleinrock - queuing theory shows effectiveness of packet-switching 1964: Baran -packet-switching in military applications for survivable

networks 1967: ARPAnet conceived by Advanced Research Projects Agency 1969: First ARPAnet node operational

Prof. Kleinrock sends a message across from UCLA to Stanford 1972:

ARPAnet demonstrated publicly NCP (Network Control Protocol) first host-host protocol First e-mail program ARPAnet has 15 nodes

Networking History... 1970: ALOHAnet satellite network in Hawaii (CSMA

developed), later connects to ARPANet 1973: Bob Metcalfe’s PhD thesis proposes Ethernet

(CSMA/CD developed) 1974: Cerf and Kahn - architecture for interconnecting

networks: the word “Internet” makes its appearance from Cerf’s writings

Networking History... Time sharing became difficult since different machines

had different operating systems, versions and programs. However, these led to development of Internet

Reference Models Vinton Cerf. Bob Kahn, and (…….) developed TCP/IP Cerf and Kahn’s internetworking principles:

simplicity, autonomy - no internal changes required to interconnect networks

best effort service model stateless routers decentralized control define today’s Internet architecture

Networking History... 1978: TCP/IP v4 was released

Aimed to interconnect different kinds of networks 1979: ARPAnet has 200 nodes 1983: deployment of TCP/IP in ARPAnet 1983: SMTP e-mail protocol defined 1983: DNS defined for name-to-IP-address translation 1985: FTP protocol defined 1988: TCP congestion control 100,000 hosts connected to confederation of networks

Networking History... Early 1990s: WWW

Hypertext

HTTP: Tim Berners-Lee develops WWW an Internet based hypermedia initiative, and specifies URLs, HTTP and HTML which became basis for today’s WWW

1994: Mosaic (Univ. of Illinois), later Netscape the major browsers until late 1990’s

late 1990’s: commercialization of the WWW, with introduction of HTTPS e-commerce is realized

Late 1990’s: 50 million computers on Internet 100 million+ users backbone links running at 1 Gbps

Hosts on the Web

Internet Users: By language

Internet Content: By language

Questions Which appeared earlier than the other: WANs

or LANs? Why? Reference:

http://media.wiley.com/product_data/excerpt/83/EHEP0009/EHEP000983.pdf

Summaries this video in Arabic and English https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9hIQjrMHTv4