CT OF THE HEAD

SKULL AND FACIAL BONES ANATOMY

CRANIAL BONES AND SUTURESThe bones of the skull are joined together by joints OR articulations called SUTURES

CRANIAL BONES 3-D

O

V

T

F

P

CRANIAL BONES 3-D

F

P

FRONTAL BONE

F

FRONTAL BONE

F

PARIETAL BONE

P

OCCIPITAL BONE

O

F.M.

O.C. F.M.

T. BONE

M.A.C.

ANATOMICAL FEATURES:1. External auditory canal 2. Auditory (eustachian) tube 3. Mastoid air cells 4. Cochlea 5. Internal auditory canal 6. Incus 7. Malleus 8. Vestibule 9. Semicircular canal 10. Foramen ovale 11. Foramen spinosum 12. Carotid canal 13. Jugular foramen

ANATOMICAL FEATURES:1. External auditory canal 2. Vestibule 3. Cochlea 4. Stapes 5. Incus 6. Malleus 7. Semicircular canals 8. Internal auditory canal 9. Epitympanic recess

PAL.

P.P.

M.S.

SPHENOID BONE

S.S.

                                                                                      

S.S.

P.P.

P.H.

G.W.S.

ETHMOID BONE

C.G.

ETHMOID BONE

E

MAXILLA & ZYGOMA

Z

C.G.

M.S.

H.P.

AL.

Z.

M.

E

MANDIBLE

C.

C.P.

R.

B.

TMJ

T.M.J.

M.R.

CON.

TMJ

CON.

T.M.J.

M.A.C.

EYE

ORBIT

S.R.M.

L.R.M.

I.R.M.

M.R.M.

O.N.

CRANIAL NERVES

                                                       

1.I - Olfactory 2.II - Optic 3.III - Oculomotor 4.IV - Trochlear 5.V - Trigeminal 6.VI - Abducens 7.VII - Facial 8.VIII - Auditory 9.IX - Glossopharyngeal 10.X - Vagus 11.XI - Accessory 12.XII - Hypoglassal

I. Olfactory:  Sensory nerves for smell

II. Optic: Sensory nerve for vision.

III. Oculomotor:

 control of extrinsic eye muscles and pupil dilation.

IV. Trochlear:

control of muscles that surround the eye

V. Trigeminal:

control of facial nerves and muscles for chewing.

VI. Abducens:  muscle control of lateral movement of the eyeball

VII. Facial:

control over facial expression and taste

VIII. Vestibulocochlear or Auditory Nerve: Sensory nerve for hearing

BRAIN IS SURROUNDED AND PROTECTED BY MENINGESMENINGES

MENINGES

• DURA MATTER – TOUGHEST, BETWEEN IT ARE MENINGEAL ARTERIES AND DURAL SINUSES.

• ARACHNOID – DELICATE TRANSPARENT, SEPARATED FROM DURA M. BY SUBDURAL SPACE.

• PIA MATTER – HIGHLY VASCULAR, ADHERES TO THE CONTOURS OF BRAIN. SUBARACHNOID SPACE SEPARATES PIA M. FROM ARACHNOID S.

DURAL FOLDS

• FALX CEREBRIFALX CEREBRI – SEPARATES TWO HEMISPHERES

• TENTROIUM CEREBELLITENTROIUM CEREBELLI - SEPARATES THE CEREBRUM AND CEREBELLUM

F.C.

TEN

VENTRICLES

• PATHWAY FOR CIRCULATION OF CSFCSF

VENTRICLES COMMUNICATION

• LATERAL VENTRICLES - L & R- SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM

• LATERAL AND III – FORAMEN OF MONROE

• III AND IV – AQUEDUCT OF SYLVIUS

LATERAL VENTRICLES

L.V.

IV V.

T. C.

L.V. O. HORNCHOROID PLEXUS

L.V.

III V.

S.F.

L.V.

L.V.

III.V.

CEREBRUM

• CONSISTS OF W. MATTER AND G. MATTER.

• C. CORTEX – OUTERMOST PORTION OF CEREBRUM.

• CORPUS COLLOSUM – WHITE MATTER BUNDLE CONNECTS R & L CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES.

BASAL GANGLIA

• CAUDATE NUCLEUS• LENTIFORM NUCLEUS• CLAUSTRUM• THALAMUS

L.V.

C. N. H.

TH.

INC.

LN.

FX.

BRAIN STEM

• MIDBRAIN• PONS• MEDULLA

PONS

IV V.

MEDULLA