ctd - salinity and temperature at depth jonathan walter university of north carolina at wilmington...
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CTD - Salinity and Temperature at DepthCTD - Salinity and
Temperature at Depth
Jonathan WalterUniversity of North
Carolina at WilmingtonCHM 5762009
Jonathan WalterUniversity of North
Carolina at WilmingtonCHM 5762009
Cruise Sampling Sites and Dates
Cruise Sampling Sites and Dates
M18 M23 M35 M42 M54 M61 Horseshoe Bend(HB)
M18 M23 M35 M42 M54 M61 Horseshoe Bend(HB)
Cruise 1Sept 14 2009
Cruise 2Oct 26 2009
CTD- Measures:CTD- Measures:
Depth Salinity Temperature pH O2 Saturation Time
Depth Salinity Temperature pH O2 Saturation Time
http://www.aoml.noaa.gov/phod/wbts/hydro/deployCTD2.JPG
Instrument:Seabird SBE 25 w/External Probes SBE 32 H2o Bottle Carousel & SBE 33 Real Time Deck Unit
MeasurementsMeasurements
Salinity is measured through conductivity of the water.
Temperature is measured through resistance (changes with temperature).
Depth is measured through a pressure sensor (1 decibar is roughly equal to 1 meter depth).
Salinity is measured through conductivity of the water.
Temperature is measured through resistance (changes with temperature).
Depth is measured through a pressure sensor (1 decibar is roughly equal to 1 meter depth).
Cruise 1: Sept, 14 2009
Cruise 1: Sept, 14 2009
M18M23
M35M42
M54M61
HB
Surface
Deep
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Salinity
Station
Cruise 1 Salinity
Surface
Deep
M18M23
M35M42
M54M61
HB
Surface
Deep24.7
24.8
24.9
25
25.1
25.2
25.3
25.4
25.5
25.6
25.7
Temperature (degree C)
Station
Cruise 1 Temperature
Surface
Deep
Cruise 2: Oct, 26 2009Cruise 2: Oct, 26 2009
M18M23
M35M42
M54M61
HB
Surface
Deep
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Salinity
Station
Cruise 2 Salinity
Surface
Deep
M18M23
M35M42
M54M61
HB
Surface
Deep17.5
18
18.5
19
19.5
20
20.5
21
Temperature (degree C)
Station
Cruise 2 Temperature
Surface
Deep
Cruise 1 Salinity:Comparing 2009 and
2008
Cruise 1 Salinity:Comparing 2009 and
2008Comparison of Cruise 1 Salinity 2009 and 2008
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
M18 M23 M35 M42 M54 M61 HB
Station
Salinity
Cruise 1 2009 Surface
Cruise 1 2008 Surface
Cruise 1 2009 Deep
Cruise 1 2008 Deep
Cruise 1 Temperature:Comparing 2009 and
2008
Cruise 1 Temperature:Comparing 2009 and
2008Comparison of Temperatures from Cruise 1 2009 and 2008
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
M18 M23 M35 M42 M54 M61 HB
Station
Temperature (degree C)
Cruise 1 2009 Surface
Cruise 1 2008 Surface
Cruise 1 2009 Deep
Cruise 1 2008 Deep
Cruise 2 Salinity:Comparing 2009 and
2008
Cruise 2 Salinity:Comparing 2009 and
2008Comparison of Cruise 2 Salinity from 2008 and 2009
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
M18 M23 M35 M42 M54 M61 HB
Station
Salinity
Cruise 2 2009 Surface
Cruise 2 2008 Surface
Cruise 2 2009 Deep
Cruise 2 2008 Deep
Cruise 2 Temperature:Comparing 2009 and
2008
Cruise 2 Temperature:Comparing 2009 and
2008Comparison of Cruise 2 Temperatures from 2009 and 2008
0
5
10
15
20
25
M18 M23 M35 M42 M54 M61 HB
Station
Temperature (degree C)
Cruise 2 2009 Surface
Cruise 2 2008 Surface
Cruise 2 2009 Deep
Cruise 2 2008 Deep
Cruise 1 Salinity DataCruise 1 Salinity DataCruise 1 Salinity
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Salinity
Pressure (decibars)
M18
M23
M35
M42
M54
M61
HB
Cruise 2 Salinity DataCruise 2 Salinity DataCruise 2 Salinity
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
Salinity
Pressure (decibars)
M18
M23
M35
M42
M54
M61
HB
Cruise 1 Temperature Data
Cruise 1 Temperature DataCruise 1 Temperature
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
24.5 24.7 24.9 25.1 25.3 25.5 25.7 25.9
Temperature
Pressure (decibars)
M18
M23
M35
M42
M54
M61
HB
Cruise 2 Temperature Data
Cruise 2 Temperature Data
Cruise 2 Temperature
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18 18.5 19 19.5 20 20.5 21
Temperature (degree C)
Pressure (decibars)
M18
M23
M35
M42
M54
M61
HB
Cruise 1 SalinityCruise 1 Salinity
M18 M23 M35 M42 M54 M61 HB
Surface
Deep
Station
Relative Depth
Cruise 1 Salinity
0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40
Cruise 2 SalinityCruise 2 Salinity
M18 M23 M35 M42 M54 M61 HB
Surface
Deep
Station
Relative depth
Cruise 2 Salinity
0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40
ConclusionsConclusions
Deeper waters have higher salinity Salt water is denser, thus deeper
Cruise 1 we see relatively similar temperatures, slightly cooler near HB.
Cruise 2 we saw cold river water meet warmer ocean water.
Cruise 1 we saw well mixed surface to deep salinity. Slight salt wedge at M35.
Cruise 2 we see a salt wedge, warm salt water meeting cold fresh water between M35 and M54
Deeper waters have higher salinity Salt water is denser, thus deeper
Cruise 1 we see relatively similar temperatures, slightly cooler near HB.
Cruise 2 we saw cold river water meet warmer ocean water.
Cruise 1 we saw well mixed surface to deep salinity. Slight salt wedge at M35.
Cruise 2 we see a salt wedge, warm salt water meeting cold fresh water between M35 and M54