cubism jong ho chong. basic history of cubism 1. place 2. timeline 3. definition
TRANSCRIPT
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CUBISMJong Ho Chong
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Basic History of Cubism
1. Place2. Timeline3. Definition
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Place
Paris
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Timeline
• Early Cubism or Cézannisme (1907-1910)
• Analytic Cubism (1910-1912)
• Synthetic Cubism (1912- 1914)
• Late Cubism (1915- Present)
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Definition
• A movement in art
• in which perspective with a single viewpoint was abandoned (simultaneity)
• Made of simple geometric shapes (geometricity)
• interlocking planes, and, later, collage (passage)
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What makes an artwork “Cubism”
1. Simultaneity2. Geometricity3. Passage
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Simultaneity
• Having Various Views on objects in picture
• Developed from the desire of depicting a three-dimensional objects
• Examples)
- The Table by Georges Braque
- Le Jour by Georges Braque
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Example of Simultaneity
The Table Le Jour
Braque, Georges, The Table 1928 oil on canvas 81.3 x 130.8 cm, Chester Dale Collection, http://arthistory.about.com/od/from_exhibitions/ig/chester_dale_collection/cdc_nga_2010-11_78.htm, September 15, 2013
Braque, Georges, Le Jour 1929 oil on canvas 81.3 x 130.8 cm, Chester Dale Collection, http://arthistory.about.com/od/from_exhibitions/ig/chester_dale_collection/cdc_nga_2010-11_80.htm, September 15, 2013
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Geometricity
• Having simple shapes to make an artwork
• Developed from desire for abstract art
• Examples)
- Girl with a Mandolin by Pablo Picasso
- Portrait of Ambroise Vollard by Pablo Picasso
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Example of GeometricityGirl with a
MandolinPortrait of Ambroise
Vallord
Picasso, Pablo, Girl With a Mandolin 1910 Oil on canvas,100.3cm x73.6cm Museum of Modern Art, http://www.arthistoryarchive.com/arthistory/cubism/, September 15, 2013
Picasso, Pablo, Portrait of Ambroise Vallord 1910 Oil on canvas,92cm x65cm Pushkin Museum of Fine Art, http://www.arthistoryarchive.com/arthistory/cubism/, September 15, 2013
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Passage
• Objects penetrating other objects
• Desire from showing various angles in drawing
• Examples)
- Chair Caning by Pablo Picasso
- Violin and Glass by Juan Gris
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Example of PassageChair Caning Violin and Glass
Picasso, Pablo, Chair Caning 1912 Oil on canvas,27cm x35cm Musee Picasso, http://www.artchive.com/artchive/P/picasso/chaircan.jpg.html, September 15, 2013
Gris, Juan, Violin and Glass 1915 Oil on canvas,92cm x60cm Fogg Art Museum, http://www.pixel77.com/the-influence-of-art-history-on-modern-design-cubism/, September 15, 2013
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How did Cubism
Originate1. Development of Camera2. Radical Approach• “New way of seeing”
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Development of Camera
• From 1870-1910, development of technology
• Realistic Artworks
- replaced with photographs
• New kinds of art works were
needed for Radical Approach
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Radical Approach
• “New way of seeing”
- expand the field of art
• Geometricity – various objects
• Simultaneity – various views
• Passage – objects penetrating other objects
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Who is responsible for
the birth of Cubism
1. Paul Cézanne2. Pablo Picasso
3. Georges Braque
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Paul Cézanne
• January 19th, 1839 - October 22nd, 1906
• French Painter who influenced Cubism
• 3 major characteristics of his paintings
• Passage, Geometricity, Stimultaneity
• Early Cubism is called Cézannisme
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Comparison Between the artwork of
Cézanne’s and Picasso’s Paul Cézanne Pablo Picasso
Cézanne, Paul, Still Life with Basket of Apples 1895 Oil on canvas, 65 cm x 80 cm Art institute of Chicago, http://www.paul-cezanne.org/Still-Life-with-Basket-of-Apples.html, September 15, 2013
Picasso,Pablo, Still Life with Biscuits1924Oil with sand on canvas; 80.8 x 100.4 cmThe Cleveland Museum of Art, http://cleveland.about.com/od/artmuseumsandgalleries1/ig/From-Monet-to-Picasso/Still-Life-with-Biscuits.htm, September 15, 2013
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Pablo Picasso
• October 25th, 1881 – April 8th, 1973
• Spanish Painter
• Co-founder of Cubism
• Famous Paintings
- Les desmoiselles d’Avignon
- Guernica
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Artwork of PicassoLes Desmoiselles
d’Avignon Guernica
Picasso, Pablo, Les Desmoiselles d’Avignon 1907 Oil on canvas,243.9cm x233.7cm Museum of Modern Art, http://www.pablopicasso.org/avignon.jsp, September 15, 2013
Picasso, Pablo, Guernica 1937 Oil on canvas,349cm x776cm Musio Reina Sofia, http://www.pablopicasso.org/guernica.jsp, September 15, 2013
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Georges Braque
• May 13th 1882 – August 31st 1963
• French Painter
• Co-founder of Cubism
• Famous Paintings
- Bottle and Fishes (Bouteille et Poissons)
- Le bougeoir (The Candlestick)
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Artwork of BraqueBottle and Fishes Le bougeoir
Braque, Georges, Bottle and Fishes 1910,61.9cm x74.9cm Tate Gallery, http://www.bbc.co.uk/arts/yourpaintings/paintings/bottle-and-fishes-bouteille-et-poissons-197983, September 15, 2013
Braque, Georges, Le bougeoir 1911,49.2cm x38.2cm Tate Gallery, http://www.bbc.co.uk/arts/yourpaintings/paintings/le-bougeoir-the-candlestick-211173, September 15, 2013
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Two styles of Cubism
1. Analytical Cubism2. Synthetic Cubism
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Analytical Cubism(1910-1912)
• Developed in 1909-1910 Winter
• “Analyzed” natural parts in geometric shape
• Many different view points
• Fragmented images unified
• Limited colors – Earth Tone or Magnetized
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Synthetic Cubism(1912-1914)
• Developed around 1912
• Overlapping planes
• “Collage” – Interpenetration
• Colorful
• Fragments of everything• Newspaper, paper cards Cigarette
Packs
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Comparing Analytic & Synthetic CubismAnalytic Cubism
• 1910-1912
• Followed a standard form• Picasso & Braque
• Painting itself
• Dull Colors
Synthetic Cubism• 1912-1914
• Did not have a standard form• Picasso & Braque
• Collage
• Colorful
Compare with Pictures
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Analytic Cubism ArtworksAccordionist -
Picasso The Portuguese- Braque
Picasso, Pablo,Accordionist 1911, Oil on Canvas 130cm x89.5cm, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum http://www.thegreatgodpanisdead.com/2013/05/picassos-1911-accordionist-some-related.html, September 15, 2013
Braque, George, The Portuguese 1911 Oil on Canvas,119cm x81cm, Kunstmuseum Basel http://www.abcgallery.com/B/braque/braque138.html, September 15, 2013
BACK
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Synthetic Cubism Artworks
Three Musicians- Picasso Guitar - Braque
Braque, George, Guitar 1919 Oil on Canvas,61cm x116.2cm, Private Collection http://www.goodreads.com/topic/show/1116883-cubism, September 15, 2013
Picasso, Pablo, Three Musicians 1921 Oil on Canvas,205cm x188cm, Museum of Modern Art http://www.pablopicasso.org/three-musicians.jspl, September 15, 2013
BACK
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Comparing ArtworksAccordionist -
Picasso
Picasso, Pablo,Accordionist 1911, Oil on Canvas 130cm x89.5cm, Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum http://www.thegreatgodpanisdead.com/2013/05/picassos-1911-accordionist-some-related.html, September 15, 2013
Chair Caning
Picasso, Pablo, Chair Caning 1912 Oil on canvas,27cm x35cm Musee Picasso, http://www.artchive.com/artchive/P/picasso/chaircan.jpg.html, September 15, 2013
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How did Cubism revolutionize the
art world1. Broke Traditional Rules2. Revolution of Collage
3. Evolution to different art movements
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Broke Traditional Rules
• Depicting Objects in New Ways• Realistic Shapes Geometric Shapes
• Depicting Objects in more than one angle• 2-dimension 3~4 dimensional shapes
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Revolution of Collage
• Collage had evolved from Synthetic Cubism• Pasting Fragments of various things• Assemblage of different objects• Interpenetration of art works
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Evolution to Different Art Movements
• Futurism (1909-1914)
• Orphism (1910-1913)
• Vorticism (1914-1915)
• Constructivism (1919-1932)
• Purism (1920-1925)
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THANK YOU
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Bibliography• "The Art Story.org - Your Guide to Modern Art." Cubism Movement, Artists and
Major Works. Art Story Foundation, n.d. Web. 15 Sept. 2013. <http://www.theartstory.org/movement-cubism.htm>.
• "Cubism - The First Style of Abstract Art." Cubism. Artyfactory, n.d. Web. 15 Sept. 2013. <http://www.artyfactory.com/art_appreciation/art_movements/cubism.htm>.
• "Cubism." Cubism. Central School PTO, n.d. Web. 15 Sept. 2013. <http://www.centralptonews.org/CESCAP/Art Terms/cubism.htm>.
• Gersh-Nesic, Beth. "Art History Definition: Analytic Cubism." About.com Art History. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Sept. 2013. <http://arthistory.about.com/od/glossary_a/a/a_analytic_cubism.htm>.
• Gersh-Nesic, Beth. "Art History Definition: Synthetic Cubism." About.com Art History. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Sept. 2013. <http://arthistory.about.com/od/glossary_s/a/s_synthetic_cubism.htm>.
• Gersh-Nesic, Beth. "Cubism - Art History 101 Basics." About.com Art History. N.p., n.d. Web. 15 Sept. 2013. <http://arthistory.about.com/od/modernarthistory/a/cubism_10one.htm>.
• "cubism". Oxford Dictionaries. Oxford University Press, n.d. Web. 15 September 2013. <http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/cubism>.