Patterns of TradeFrom medieval - 1750 C.E.

What are the benefits of studying the past regarding this subject today?

Cultural Diffusionand the

Columbian Exchange

300CE1-300CE BCE

Patterns of Trade Patterns of Trade

Cultural DiffusionCultural Diffusion

900 CE – 1750 CE

Welcome to our world

MODERN

We will be looking at the exchange of

ideas & goods from 300 CE to

1750 CE.

and how they led to

Many connections were established Many connections were established among regions that formed among regions that formed interregional patterns of unity.interregional patterns of unity.

North and South America Afroeurasia

From 300-1500 CE, trade routes extended farther and were used by more travelers.

TradeTrade

Slide #5 Student notes: Slide #5 Student notes: Transport and communication Transport and communication

technology improved. technology improved.

AstrolabeAstrolabeLateen sailLateen sail

North Arabian North Arabian Camel SaddleCamel Saddle

Books & paperBooks & paperStern-rudderStern-rudder

StirrupStirrup

MapmakingMapmaking

IdeasIdeas

• The pace of innovation The pace of innovation increasedincreased

• Knowledge accumulated more Knowledge accumulated more quicklyquickly

• Manufacturing and farming Manufacturing and farming productivity increasedproductivity increased

• People’s diets and health People’s diets and health improvedimproved

• Sea travel and transport Sea travel and transport increasedincreased

How did transfers of technology and products change people’s lives in

Afroeurasia?

IdeasIdeas

Slide #6 Student notes:Slide #6 Student notes:

Scholars translated books, taught others, and worked to gain knowledge

Trade introduced people to new products, increasing demand for luxuries

Money moved across countryside and continents in exchange for goods

Religious ideas were hotly debated, and ordinary people worshipped daily

Ruling groups debated laws, and military struggles continued

Exchanges that began in Afroeurasia continued to bring

about changeCont. Slide #6 Student notes write a

couple:

Columbus 1492 Vasco Da Gama

1498

Magellan 1519

After 1415, European mariners made voyages across the seas toward east and west. By 1519, Magellan had

circumnavigated the globe. Others set out in search of wealth, adventure and fame.

Slide #8 Student notes: Slide #8 Student notes:

You might say, You might say, by 1500 CE, the by 1500 CE, the

world was world was connected, connected, rightright??

If you had to put all of these

changes into one sentence, what

would it be?

But wait! You still haven’t said much about the Americas!But wait! You still haven’t said much about the Americas!

Well…the Americas Well…the Americas and Afroeurasia and Afroeurasia

were not yet were not yet permanentlypermanently linked linked

together.together.

…not until 1492…

When Columbus sailed the ocean

blue…

So, by 1492, European So, by 1492, European mariners set out on mariners set out on

trans-oceanic voyages trans-oceanic voyages to the Americas. to the Americas.

Those voyages linked the Americas with Afroeurasia for the first time since the migrations of people over

13,000 years earlier!

It had to happen sooner or later!It had to happen sooner or later!

Slide #11 Student notes: Slide #11 Student notes:

Cultural exchange in Afroeurasia before 1500 CE resulted in the technologies that made transoceanic voyages possible.

Is that why people from Afroeurasia Is that why people from Afroeurasia discovered the Americas, and not the discovered the Americas, and not the

opposite?opposite?

Stern-rudderStern-rudder

CompassCompass

Lateen SailLateen Sail

MapmakingMapmaking

The Columbian ExchangeThe Columbian Exchange

Plants, animals and micro-organisms of Afroeurasia were exchanged Plants, animals and micro-organisms of Afroeurasia were exchanged with those of the Americas across the oceans.with those of the Americas across the oceans.

Slide #13 Slide #13 Student notes: Student notes:

Columbian Exchange New crops like potatoes

and beans spread and improved nutrition worldwide.

Luxury products like coffee, chocolate, tea, tobacco and spices meant new cultural habits for those with money to spend.

Population & Population & EnvironmentEnvironment

Global cash crops were grown on large plantations with slave labor

Caribbean sugar plantation, 1600s

Slide #15 Student notes: Slide #15 Student notes: Environmental changes resulted from Environmental changes resulted from

introducing new speciesintroducing new species

Livestock Livestock introduced to the introduced to the Americas changed Americas changed indigenous groups’ indigenous groups’ ways of lifeways of life

Plains woman hunting buffalo, 1800s

Population & Population & EnvironmentEnvironment

Islam and Christianity spread with Islam and Christianity spread with empires, trade, and migrationempires, trade, and migration

• Traders and Sufi orders Traders and Sufi orders spread Islam in Africa and Asiaspread Islam in Africa and Asia• The Ottoman Empire pressed The Ottoman Empire pressed into eastern Europe. into eastern Europe.

• Catholic missionaries followed the Catholic missionaries followed the spread of the Spanish empirespread of the Spanish empire

• Jesuits worked in AsiaJesuits worked in Asia

• Protestants colonized North AmericaProtestants colonized North America

Population & Population & EnvironmentEnvironment

What a What a handsome handsome

guy!guy!

Mapmakers Mapmakers finally got my finally got my portrait right!portrait right!

15071484

1520 1780

Ideas & Ideas & InventionsInventions

Define: CULTURAL DIFFUSIONCultural diffusion is the spreading of ideas or products from one culture to another.

GOODS, IDEAS AND PEOPLE ARE NOW MOVING AROUND THE WORLD CONTINUING CROSS CULTURALIZATION AND…..Slide #18 Student notes:Slide #18 Student notes:

Slide # 19 Student Slide # 19 Student notes: notes:

Trade & Trade & ManufacturingManufacturing

Trade encircled the globe: The Columbian Exchange was a dramatically widespread exchange of animals, plants, culture and human populations (including slaves), communicable diseases, and ideas between the Eastern and Western hemispheres.

Let us draw conclusions:

Explain 7 benefits of global trade on civilization, list examples for

each benefit.

Formulate your ideas then write & explain 7 examples that you learned from this

presentation. (Use the graphic organizer)