cultures and stereotypes
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Cultures and Stereotypes. ENLIGHTENMENT. What is an American?. What is an American?. Write a response to the question above. Explain your answer in 3-5 complete sentences. American Culture. Blending of Native Americans, Europeans and African cultures. Social Classes Gentry - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Cultures and Stereotypes
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ENLIGHTENMENT
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What is an American?
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What is an American?
• Write a response to the question above.
• Explain your answer in 3-5 complete sentences
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American Culture
Blending of Native Americans, Europeans and African cultures
• Social Classes– Gentry
• Wealthy planter, merchants, ministers, lawyers and royal officials
– Middle Class• Farmers, skilled craftsmen
and trades people• 3/4ths of colonists
– Lowest Class• Hired farmhands, indentured
servants and slaves
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Women• Took care of the
household– Backcountry
• Often worked with husband in fields
– Cities• Worked as
midwives, maid, cook or nurse
• Some allowed to take over husband’s business if he died
Africans• Southern colonies
– More than ½ were African
– Worked on plantations, docks, shipbuilding and crafts
• More men than women– Families remained
small
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Great Awakening1730-40s
• Traveling Ministers– ‘Old Lights’ vs ‘New
Lights’• Believed inner emotion
more imporatnt than outward religious behaviour
• Led to bitter debates about religion and life
Religion had become dull, dryPeople had lost passion for it
• Brought– More tolerance
• Many left church and formed new ones
• Many different beliefs and lifestyles
• Challenged– Political and social authority
• Encouraged– equality
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Jonathan Edwards
• New England Preacher• Called on colonists to
examine their lives closely
• “Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God”– Intense images of God’s
anger– Could only be saved by
grace• George Whitefield
– Raised funds for orphans
– Called on sinners to reform during outdoor meetings
"There is nothing that keeps wicked men at any one moment out of hell, but the mere pleasure of God."
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Education
Established Princeton and Brown universitites
• New England– Most concerned with
education– 1647 Mass passed
Education law• Ordered parents to teach
children• Towns with 50 families
must hire teachers• Established public schools
– Allowed rich and poor to be educated • Apprenctice System
– Worked for master to learn trade or craft
• Slaves– No education allowed
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Representative
GovernmentRights of English Citizens• Royal governor
– Directed colony and enforced laws
– Appointed by king or proprietor
• Colonial Assemblies– Upper house
• Appointed by royal governor as advisors
– Lower house• Elected by citizens• Approved laws and
taxes
• People– Only white males
over age 21– Had to own property
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Glorious Revolution1688• Parliament removed King James
II (Catholic)– Raised in France; friends with Louis
XIV– Persecuted Protestants– Mary Beatrice (2nd wife)
• Had baby boy• Exiled to France
• Asked William of Orange and Mary (daughter-Protestant) of Netherlands to rule England
1689 • English Bill of Rights– Protected rights of individuals (white
males)– Allowed trial by jury– Government could pass new taxes
and raise army only with approval of Parliament
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EnlightenmentLate 1600-early 1700s• Emphasized reason
and science as paths to knowledge
• Appealed to wealthy and educated
Began in Europe
• Natural Laws– Sir Isaac Newton
• Law of gravity• Natural Rights
– John Locke• Life, liberty, property
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• The Big Bang Theory (8 min)– Sheldon vs Pizza Guy– An Unsolvable Problem– Friendship Algorithm– Rock Paper Scissors Lizard Spock– Starch and Water
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Benjamin FranklinSelf-made and self-educated
• Born in 1706• Only 2 years of formal
schooling• Studied literature,
mathematics and foreign languages
• Worked as printer in Philadelphia (17 years)
Used reason to improve society
• Electricity experiment (1752)• Volunteer fire department• Lending library• Bi-focals, stove, paved roads
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Poor Richard’s Almanac• Dec 28, 1732 (1758)• Written by pseudonym
Richard Saunders and wife Bridget
• Contained– Continuing stories– Weather forecasts– Household hints– Puzzles and math
problems– Advice meant to teach
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Your Assignment
• There are no gains without pains
• He that lies down with dogs shall rise up with fleas
• Love your enemies for they tell you your faults
• Fish and visitors stink in three days
• Eat to live, and not live to eat
• Write 5 sayings of your own and explain the meaning of each• Pick one piece of advice and create a picture to illustrate it
(no letters or numbers)• Colour your picture; be creative
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• Mom’s Song
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Your Assignme
nt• Write 5 original sayings of your own and explain the meaning of each• Pick one piece of advice and create a picture to illustrate it (8x11
paper; no letters or numbers)• Colour your picture; be creative• Due Mon, Oct 24, 2011 with notes, etc
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There are no gains
without pains
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The End
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Grading RubricWhat is an American?
0 5 10
American Culture
0 5
Great Awakening
0 5
Enlightenment
0 5
Representative Government
0 5
Glorious Revolution
0 5
5 Sayings and meanings
0 5 10
Picture of saying,
coloured
0 5
TOTALFinal Score_________/50
Name _____________________ Period ______
Corrected by __your name ________