Premier Productions Ltd. in collaboration with

Centre for Education, Technology & Partnerships for Accelerated Development

(CETPAD)Presents

Workshop on Instructional Technology for Teachers

AATI, Patriensa- July 2010

Video Viewing and discussion

AfDB DocumentaryRWSSI – The Ghana Story

10mins

- What do you make of this program if you were to use it to teach a group of young students (JHS or SHS)

- What could you have done to carry the same information more effectively and why

- what do you think would have been the situation if this information had been in a form of a written document?

Video Viewing and discussion

the answers to the above,is the purpose of our study

Workshop on Instructional Technology for TeachersUsing video as an Instructional Tool

A PRESENTATIONBY

NANA ADJOA AWINDORAATI - Patriensa – July 2010

 “What we have done for ourselves alone dies with us; what we have done for others and the world remains and is immortal”. --Albert Pike

At the end of this workshop Participants are expected to:

1. Identify the basic parts of the Video Camera

2. Understand the functions of the basic parts

3. Identify some recording material (formats) with knowledge of the differences and the use

4. Understand Basic shot sizes and their use

5. Understand Basic camera movements and their use

6. Be able to take basic shots and understand how the product can be used as instructional material

Process:

1. Experiential Teaching method

2. Lecture/Presentation with interactivity … (all-inclusive with questions at major points)

3. Reference material search on internet etc…

4. Physical observation with Pro Camera on Tripod For clarity

5. Practical exposure of real time shoot and review of video material6. Application of material in Teaching methods

7. Feedback and Evaluation

1. Rule one - Get to know your tools

a) Video Camera Like the individual photos which make up an album,

the shots get put together to make a video.

The Camera records Picture and Sound

It records moving pictures thru the Lens & Sound with the Microphone

Basic information for our purpose

It's unavoidable — you've got to know some jargon

b) Lens

c) The Viewfinder

d) Recording material (Tapes/CD/DVD)

e) Shot Sizes

Basic information for our purpose

A) Video Camera

b) LensWhat is a lens & what's its use

All but the simplest cameras contain lenses which are actually comprised of several "lens elements." Each of these elements aims to direct the path of light rays such that they recreate the image as accurately as possible on the digital sensor.

b) Lens

Long Normal Close-up Telephoto (Landscape/Infinity) not very stable wt handheld or mini cameras

(burring caused by shaky hands. 

ZOOM LENS – A combination of all

Basic Lens types

The viewfinder is the single most important user interface on any camera. Throughout the history of cameras, the method of aiming the camera accurately and communicating its view to the operator is what has determined and defined most different basic camera types.

Viewfinder

c) The Viewfinder

LCD screen

Optical viewfinders

This is your view of the world through the camera, the little rectangle with black edges that shows you what part of the world the lens is looking at and whether it's in focus or not.

Viewfinder

d) Recording material Video Tapes

VHS Tape

Hi 8 Tape

Mini DV Tape

XDCAM Disc

•

CD-R, RW, R Audio, RW Audio

etc..700mb-80min

DVD-R, RW R Audio, RW Audio 4.7Gb

visible diff b/n e 2 products

d) Recording material CD/DVD

Blu-ray Disc is an optical disc storage media format and is used like its predecessors (CDR and DVD) for storing data and video.

The name Blu-ray is derived from the blue laser used in the machine. Because of its shorter wavelength, more data can be stored on a Blu-ray Disc (up to 50Gb)!!

than on a DVD (4.7Gb ).

d) Recording material Blue Ray

Shot: All video is made up of shots. A shot is basically from when you press record to when you stop recording.

The exact terminology varies between production environments but the basic principles are the same. Shots are usually described in relation to a particular subject. In most of the examples below, the subject is the boy.

Shots

EWS (Extreme Wide Shot) The view is so far from the

subject that he isn't even visible. Often used as an establishing shot.

Shot Sizes

VWS (Very Wide Shot)The subject is visible (barely), but the emphasis is still on placing him in his environment.

WS (Wide Shot)The subject takes up the full frame,

or at least as much as comfortably possible. AKA long shot..

Shot Sizes

MS (Mid Shot)Shows some part of the subject in more detail while still giving an impression of the whole subject.

MCU (Medium Close Up)Half way between a MS and a CU.

Shot Sizes

CU (Close Up)A certain feature or part of the subject takes up the whole frame.

ECU (Extreme Close Up)The ECU gets right in and shows

extreme detail.

Shot Sizes

Cut-InShows some (other) part of the subject in detail.

Two-ShotA shot of two people,

framed similarly to a mid shot.

Shot Sizes

CA (Cutaway)A shot of something other than the subject.

Two-ShotA shot of two people,

framed similarly to a mid shot.

Shot Sizes

Point-of-View Shot (POV)Shows a view from the subject's perspective.

The term camera angle means slightly different things to different people but it always refers to the way a shot is composed.

Some people use it to include all camera shot types, others use it to specifically mean the angle between the camera and the subject.

The literal interpretation of camera angles, is -the angle of the camera relative to the

subject

Camera Angles

Eye-Level

This is the most common view, being the real-world angle that we are all used to. It shows subjects as we would expect to see them in real life. It is a fairly neutral shot.

Camera Angles -1

Low AngleThis shows the subject from below, giving them the impression of being more powerful or dominant.

High AngleA high angle shows the subject from above, i.e. the camera is angled down towards the subject. This has the effect of diminishing the subject, making them appear less powerful, less significant or even submissive.

Camera Angles - 2

Bird's Eye The scene is shown from directly above. This is a

completely different and somewhat unnatural point of view which can be used for dramatic effect or for showing a different spatial perspective.

In drama it can be used to show the positions and motions of different characters and objects, enabling the viewer to see things the characters can't.

The bird's-eye view is also very useful in sports, documentaries, etc.

Camera Angles - 3

SlantedAlso known as a dutch tilt, this is where the camera is purposely tilted to one side so the horizon is on an angle. This creates an interesting and dramatic effect. Famous examples include Carol Reed's The Third Man, Orson Welles' Citizen Kane and the Batman series.

Dutch tilts are also popular in MTV-style video production, where unusual angles and lots of camera movement play a big part.

Camera Angles - 4

Shot: All video is made up of shots. A shot is basically from

when you press record to when you stop recording. Like the individual photos which make up an album, the shots get put together to make a video.

Shot Sizes

Shot: All video is made up of shots. A shot is basically from

when you press record to when you stop recording. Like the individual photos which make up an album, the shots get put together to make a video.

Shot Sizes

PRODUCT … RUSHES – Raw material - Footage

This can be used on as-is basis or with ad-ons such as Graphics or tittles, Animations, … and Effects etc…

That can only be possible with editing

EDITING

Editing is the arrangement of shots

in a coherent manner – that makes

sense in its context

Background Music – Music for the program leveled in such a way that it does not disturb the main picture …

Voice over … can be added to material after the production …

In Ashanti region, I have noticed that ppl. do spontaneous vo. recording for events.

EDITING may include

Transitions The way in which any two shots are joined

together is called the transition.

Usually this is a simple cut, in which one shot changes instantly to the next.

More complex transitions include mixing, wipes and digital effects. A moving shot (e.g. pan) can also be thought of as a transition from one shot to a new one.

EDITING may include

Transitions Transition is very important in camera work, and

you need to think constantly about how every shot will fit in with the ones before and after it.

The key is not so much how the transition is achieved technically, but how the composition of each shot fits together.

EDITING may include

Video has both moving pictures and sound and makes more impact on the brain, thus

makes it the best teaching tool … for both young and old to remember in detail what has been taught

Video has … ref to the AfDB Docu

Using video as an Instructional Tool

Video has both moving pictures and sound and makes more impact on the brain, thus

makes it the best teaching tool … for both young and old to remember in detail what has been taught

Video has … ref to the AfDB Docu

Using video as an Instructional Tool

Demonstrations

Illustration – Better still with Animation which goes further to give dimensions and details beyond normal video capabilities

E-lab

Using video as an Instructional Tool

Demonstrations

Illustration – Better still with Animation which goes further to give dimensions and detailsbeyond normal video capabilities

Using video as an Instructional Tool

Pan Side-to-side camera movement.

Tilt Up-and-down camera movement.

Zoom In-and-out camera movement (i.e. closer and

more distant).

Here are few more important terms

Iris (Exposure) The opening which lets light into the camera. A wider iris means more light

and a brighter picture.

White balance Adjusting the colours until they look

natural and consistent.

Shutter Analogous to the shutter in a still

camera.

Here are few more important terms

Practicals

Each Participant should have the opportunityto handle the video camera, to take some shots

(whilst some of the above theory comes to play a role, depending on)

Come back to class to discuss the shots and accertain how useful it will be as a teaching material and also to confirm that participants have really understood the Workshop objectives set ….

Evaluation

Each Participant would be requested to share lessons learnt and indicate future training needs

Evaluation may otherwise be done with questionnaire